JP2015061314A - Non-contact power and signal transmission system - Google Patents
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- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、非接触で電力と信号の両方を伝送するシステムに関し、磁気コアを貫通する伝送線から非接触状態で、電力と信号とを得る事ができる電子回路を設けることによって、伝送線に対し任意の数の電子回路を設置することのできるシステムを得る事を図るものである。 The present invention relates to a system for transmitting both electric power and signals in a non-contact manner, and by providing an electronic circuit capable of obtaining electric power and signals in a non-contact state from a transmission line penetrating a magnetic core. On the other hand, it is intended to obtain a system in which an arbitrary number of electronic circuits can be installed.
従来より、電力と信号とを非接触状態で、本体から供給されるものがあった。例えば集積回路（以下「ＩＣ」と書く）を有するＩＣカードでは、内部のＩＣが動作するための電力を受けながら、カード内部のＩＣと本体との間でデータの送受を行うようになっているものがある。このような物の例としてフェリカ・カードと言われるＩＣカードが普及している。 Conventionally, there has been a case where power and a signal are supplied from a main body in a non-contact state. For example, in an IC card having an integrated circuit (hereinafter referred to as “IC”), data is transmitted and received between the IC inside the card and the main body while receiving power for operating the internal IC. There is something. As an example of such a thing, an IC card called a Felica card is widely used.
このようなものは取り扱う電力も小さく、また常時接続するものではないため、例えば計測装置に用いることができないという問題がある。ある程度の電力を伝え、かつ信号も伝えることのできる技術として、特許文献１に開示されたものがある。 Such a device has a problem that it can not be used in, for example, a measuring device because it consumes less power and is not always connected. As a technique capable of transmitting a certain amount of power and also transmitting a signal, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1.
特許文献１に開示されたものは、磁気透過率の互いに異なる部分を有するコアに、電力伝送用のコイルと、信号伝送用のコイルを設け、非接触で電力の供給と信号の送受信をするようにしている。 In the core disclosed in Patent Document 1, a power transmission coil and a signal transmission coil are provided in a core having mutually different portions of magnetic transmittance so that power can be supplied and signals can be transmitted and received without contact. I have to.
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示された物は、１つの電力供給伝送線に、複数の電力被供給電子回路を接続するのは容易ではない。なぜなら、電力供給伝送線にコイルを接続する必要があり、接続される電子回路の数を増減させるには、電力供給伝送線を切断して、コイルの接続を行う必要が生じる。本発明は、このような問題がなく、電力供給伝送線を環状のコアに挿入し貫通させるだけで、電力の供給と信号の送受信を行うことができるものである。 However, it is not easy for the product disclosed in Patent Document 1 to connect a plurality of power supplied electronic circuits to one power supply transmission line. This is because it is necessary to connect a coil to the power supply transmission line, and in order to increase or decrease the number of electronic circuits to be connected, it is necessary to disconnect the power supply transmission line and connect the coil. The present invention does not have such a problem, and can supply power and transmit / receive signals simply by inserting a power supply transmission line into an annular core and penetrating it.
上記の説明のとおり特許文献１に開示された従来の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは、コアに巻かれたコイルを直接、電力供給伝送線に接続する必要があり、水が掛かる可能性がある場所やじん埃の多い場所で使用するには問題の多いものであった。また電力の供給を行う伝送線と、信号の送受を行う信号線との両方を設ける必要があり、配線が容易でない場所で使用するのも問題であった。 As described above, the conventional non-contact power / signal transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 1 needs to connect the coil wound around the core directly to the power supply transmission line, which may be splashed with water. There were many problems when used in a place with a lot of dust. In addition, it is necessary to provide both a transmission line for supplying power and a signal line for transmitting and receiving signals, and it has been a problem to use in places where wiring is not easy.
この対策として、電力の供給を行う伝送線や信号の送受を行う信号線と、電子回路との間を非接触状態で接続する事が求められる。また電力の供給を行う伝送線と信号の送受を行う信号線とを１本の伝送線にして、設置現場での作業をより容易にする事が求められる。 As a countermeasure, it is required to connect a transmission line for supplying power or a signal line for transmitting / receiving signals to an electronic circuit in a non-contact state. In addition, it is required that the transmission line for supplying power and the signal line for signal transmission / reception be made one transmission line to facilitate the work on the installation site.
本発明は以上の点に着目し、１本の伝送線に互いに周波数の異なる電力伝送用交流と、信号のキャリアとなるキャリア交流とを流し、この伝送線が貫通する環状のコアに２次巻線を有する電子回路を設ける事によって、伝送線を介して電力と信号とを非接触で送ることのできる非接触電力・信号伝送システムを提供しようとするものである。 The present invention pays attention to the above points, and a power transmission AC having different frequencies and a carrier AC serving as a signal carrier are caused to flow through one transmission line, and a secondary winding is wound around an annular core through which the transmission line passes. By providing an electronic circuit having a line, an object is to provide a non-contact power / signal transmission system capable of transmitting power and a signal in a non-contact manner via a transmission line.
以上の課題を解決するため、本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは複数の環状磁気コアとそれを貫通し他の部分に対し非接触状態である伝送線から構成され、導体を介して磁気コアの発生する磁束から起電力を得る２次巻き線から電力を供給される電子回路を有し、電子回路に前記伝送線と磁気結合を介して電力および信号伝送を双方向的に行うようにし、電力の伝送を貫通する伝送線を直接駆動することにより実現する事によって、電力と信号とを非接触状態で伝送可能にした。 In order to solve the above problems, the non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention is composed of a plurality of annular magnetic cores and a transmission line penetrating the core and being in a non-contact state with respect to other parts. An electronic circuit that is supplied with power from a secondary winding that obtains an electromotive force from a magnetic flux generated by the core is configured to bidirectionally transmit power and signals to the electronic circuit via the transmission line and magnetic coupling. The power and signal can be transmitted in a non-contact state by directly driving a transmission line that penetrates the transmission of power.
本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは、例えば長い管の中に種々のセンサ及びそれを制御する電子回路を挿入して、管の傾斜や温度などを測定する場合に、センサや電子回路の管内への設置が容易となる。 The non-contact power / signal transmission system according to the present invention includes, for example, various sensors and electronic circuits that control the sensors in a long pipe, and measures the inclination and temperature of the pipe when the sensors and electronic circuits are measured. Easy installation in the pipe.
つまり本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは、環状の磁気コアを有し、そのコアに電力の供給を受ける受電コイルと、信号の送受を行う信号コイルとを設けている。このため、環状のコアの中心に伝送線を挿入することによって、伝送線を介して非接触で電力の供給及び信号の送受を行うことができる。 That is, the non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention has an annular magnetic core, and is provided with a power receiving coil that receives power supply to the core and a signal coil that transmits and receives signals. For this reason, electric power can be supplied and signals can be transmitted and received in a non-contact manner via the transmission line by inserting the transmission line in the center of the annular core.
例えば地震の予測などのために、地中に管を打ち込み、その管の中に傾斜センサや振動センサや温度センサなどを挿入する場合、地中の打ち込んだ管の中に地下水などが浸入する可能性がある。このような場合に本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムであると、電力の供給や信号の送受を非接触で行えるため、電子回路を防水しておけば地下水の浸入も問題がない。 For example, when a pipe is driven into the ground to predict an earthquake and an inclination sensor, vibration sensor, temperature sensor, or the like is inserted into the pipe, groundwater or the like can enter the pipe. There is sex. In such a case, the non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention can perform power supply and signal transmission / reception in a non-contact manner. Therefore, if the electronic circuit is waterproofed, there is no problem in ingress of groundwater.
さらに本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは、１本の伝送線に対し、任意の数の電子回路を接続することができ、状況に合わせて接続される電子回路の数も増減することができる。 Furthermore, the contactless power / signal transmission system of the present invention can connect an arbitrary number of electronic circuits to one transmission line, and the number of electronic circuits connected can be increased or decreased according to the situation. it can.
本発明の請求項１に記載の発明は、複数の環状磁気コアとそれを貫通し他の部分に対し非接触状態である伝送線から構成され、導体を介して前記磁気コアの発生する磁束から起電力を得る２次巻き線から電力を供給される電子回路を有し、前記電子回路に前記伝送線と磁気結合を介して電力および信号伝送を双方向的に行うようにし、電力の伝送を貫通する伝送線を直接駆動することにより実現する事によって、電力と信号とを非接触状態で伝送可能な非接触電力・信号伝送システムを得ることができる。 The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of annular magnetic cores and a transmission line that passes through the cores and is in a non-contact state with respect to other parts, and from magnetic flux generated by the magnetic cores via conductors. Having an electronic circuit to which power is supplied from a secondary winding for obtaining electromotive force, and transmitting and receiving power and signals bidirectionally to the electronic circuit through the transmission line and magnetic coupling. A non-contact power / signal transmission system that can transmit power and signals in a non-contact state can be obtained by directly driving a transmission line that penetrates.
以下本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムの実施例について図に沿って詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムの原理を示す接続図である。１マスターであり、伝送線２を介してスレーブ３〜Ｎ（この実施例では、各スレーブをセンサ「Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ」としている）に対して電力の供給と信号の送受を行う。 Embodiments of the non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a connection diagram showing the principle of the contactless power / signal transmission system of the present invention. One master, which supplies power and sends / receives signals to / from slaves 3 to N (in this embodiment, each slave is a sensor “Sensor”) via the transmission line 2.
マスター１も各Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ３〜Ｎは全て環状のコア５〜７を有している。そして伝送線２は、各環状のコア５〜７の中を貫通している。各環状のコア５〜７の詳細は図２に示すとおりである。各環状のコア５〜７は２次コイル８を有している。マスター１の２次コイルは交流電源回路（後述する）に接続され、各Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ３〜Ｎは全て環状のコア５〜７の２次コイルは電子回路（後述する）に接続されている。 Each of the sensors 3 to N also has an annular core 5 to 7. The transmission line 2 passes through the annular cores 5 to 7. Details of the annular cores 5 to 7 are as shown in FIG. Each of the annular cores 5 to 7 has a secondary coil 8. The secondary coil of the master 1 is connected to an AC power supply circuit (described later), and the sensors 3 to N are all connected to the secondary coil of the annular cores 5 to 7 to an electronic circuit (described later).
以上のように全体として、１つのマスターコアから、他のスレーブコアに、１ターン・ループ・トランスを構成し、各モジュールに信号と電力を供給する構成である。以下これを「１線式電力・信号伝送方式」と呼ぶ。ここでこの装置を地震の検知装置に応用する場合は、地中深くに各スレーブを設置する必要があり、１ターン・ループの全長は３０ｍにも達する。 As described above, a one-turn loop transformer is configured from one master core to other slave cores, and signals and power are supplied to each module. Hereinafter, this is referred to as “one-wire power / signal transmission system”. Here, when this device is applied to an earthquake detection device, it is necessary to install each slave deep in the ground, and the total length of one-turn loop reaches 30 m.
各スレーブの環状のコアは、地中に打ち込まれる管に挿入される物であり、できるだけ小さい方が望ましい。よって、環状のコアは数ｃｍの長さで構成される。よって、全体として大きな漏洩磁束が発生するトランスとなる。漏洩磁束は電力と信号の伝送効率を著しく減少させるため、最小とする事が必須である。漏洩磁束＝伝送路長／磁束密度／コア長で表される。解決方法としては磁束密度を大きく、コア長を長くする事が必要である。今、漏洩磁束１０％を目標とすると、透磁率＞１００００とすると、コア長＞３ｃｍが必要となってくる。 The annular core of each slave is inserted into a pipe that is driven into the ground, and is preferably as small as possible. Therefore, the annular core has a length of several centimeters. Therefore, the transformer generates a large leakage magnetic flux as a whole. Leakage magnetic flux must be minimized because it significantly reduces power and signal transmission efficiency. Leakage magnetic flux = transmission path length / magnetic flux density / core length. As a solution, it is necessary to increase the magnetic flux density and lengthen the core length. Now, assuming that the leakage magnetic flux is 10%, if the magnetic permeability> 10000, the core length> 3 cm is required.
環状のコアとして、次のように選定する。透磁率＞１００００のコアとしては日立金属株式会社製のファインメット（商品名）が最も適している。その次の候補としてＭｎ−Ｚｎコアがある。ファインメットは金属コアで、Ｍｎ−Ｚｎコアはフェライトコアであるので、一般にファインメットのほうが高価となり、コスト比は１０倍の差がある。従って、性能／コスト比での選択が重要である。ファインメット（ＦＴ−３ＫＬ）とＭｎ−Ｚｎコア（Ｔ３８）のインピーダンス特性を調査した結果、本発明の実施には実質的に同一特性であることが判明したため、本発明の実施にはＭｎ−Ｚｎコアを用いる。 An annular core is selected as follows. Finemet (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi Metals Co., Ltd. is most suitable as a core having a magnetic permeability> 10000. The next candidate is a Mn—Zn core. Finemet is a metal core, and Mn—Zn core is a ferrite core. Therefore, finemet is generally more expensive and the cost ratio is 10 times different. Therefore, selection by performance / cost ratio is important. As a result of investigating the impedance characteristics of Finemet (FT-3KL) and Mn—Zn core (T38), it was found that the characteristics were substantially the same for the implementation of the present invention. Use the core.
マスター１の２次コイルに接続された交流電源回路は、例えば周波数１００ＫＨｚ〜４００ＫＨｚの発振器の出力をアンプで増幅した物を用いる事ができる。この交流電源回路からの電力を効率よく各スレーブの２次コイルに伝えるために、伝送線の選択を行った。 As the AC power supply circuit connected to the secondary coil of the master 1, for example, a product obtained by amplifying the output of an oscillator having a frequency of 100 KHz to 400 KHz with an amplifier can be used. In order to efficiently transmit the power from the AC power supply circuit to the secondary coil of each slave, a transmission line was selected.
伝送線として、銅撚線（６５／０．２５）とリッツ線（６００／０．０４）とのインピーダンス特性を調べた。その結果を図３及び図４に示す。リッツ線は同撚線の１／４の低インピーダンス特性を示した。これは５ｍの長さで試験した結果なので３０ｍの長さになると倍（３０ｍ／５ｍ）となる。つまり３０ｍであると、銅撚線であるとインピーダンスが２．９オームとなり、リッツ線では１．２３オームとなる。ここで、例えば伝送線に１．５Ａｒｍｓの電流が流れるとすると、両者の電圧降下差は約２Ｖである。さらにこの実験で使用した銅撚線とリッツ線の断面積が４倍差があったので、リッツ線は低インピーダンスであり、長い管路内に挿入するのに適している。 As transmission lines, the impedance characteristics of copper stranded wires (65 / 0.25) and litz wires (600 / 0.04) were examined. The results are shown in FIGS. The litz wire showed a low impedance characteristic of 1/4 that of the stranded wire. Since this is a result of testing at a length of 5 m, a length of 30 m is doubled (30 m / 5 m). That is, when it is 30 m, the impedance is 2.9 ohms when it is a copper twisted wire, and 1.23 ohms when it is a litz wire. Here, for example, if a current of 1.5 Arms flows through the transmission line, the voltage drop difference between them is about 2V. Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of the copper stranded wire and the litz wire used in this experiment was four times different, the litz wire has a low impedance and is suitable for insertion into a long pipeline.
以上の実施例ではマスター１も伝送線２に対して非接触としたが、図５に示すようにマスター１は伝送線２に直接接続することも可能である。この場合はマスター１の伝送線２への接続点の防水が必要であるが、効率が良くなる。 In the above embodiment, the master 1 is also non-contact with the transmission line 2, but the master 1 can be directly connected to the transmission line 2 as shown in FIG. In this case, waterproofing of the connection point of the master 1 to the transmission line 2 is necessary, but the efficiency is improved.
またさらに図６に示すように、マスター１に対して１つのスレーブ３を１つのループ状の伝送線２で連結し、スレーブ３に対して他のスレーブ４を他のループ状の伝送線で連結する事も可能である。この場合も伝送線２に対して各スレーブは非接触状態で接続される。またスレーブの数の増減が容易である。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, one slave 3 is connected to the master 1 by one loop transmission line 2, and the other slave 4 is connected to the slave 3 by another loop transmission line. It is also possible to do. Also in this case, each slave is connected to the transmission line 2 in a non-contact state. The number of slaves can be easily increased or decreased.
次に以上の全ての実施例共通のデータの伝送について説明する。伝送線２には電力と信号との両方を流すため、電力線通信（「Ｐｏｗｅｒ ｌｉｎｅ Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ」或いは「Ｐｏｗｅｒ ｌｉｎｅ Ｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ」と呼ばれる）を採用する。本発明の実施例では、１００ＫＨｚ〜４００ＫＨｚの帯域でスペクトラム拡散通信を用いる。このようなＰＬＣ或いはＰＬＴの技術は１チップＩＣが市販されており、容易に実現できる。 Next, data transmission common to all the above embodiments will be described. Power line communication (referred to as “Power line Communication” or “Power line Transmission”) is adopted to allow both power and signals to flow through the transmission line 2. In the embodiment of the present invention, spread spectrum communication is used in a band of 100 KHz to 400 KHz. Such a PLC or PLT technology can be easily realized since a one-chip IC is commercially available.
以上の本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムを地震の予測システムに応用した場合の例を図７に示す。マスター１は地表に設置し、スレーブ２〜ｎは地中に設置する。各スレーブには傾斜センサや振動センサを設け、常に地中の特定の場所の傾斜や振動を計測し、マスター１にデーター・ロガーを設けておくと、長期間のデータの収集が可能となる。 FIG. 7 shows an example in which the non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention is applied to an earthquake prediction system. The master 1 is installed on the ground surface, and the slaves 2 to n are installed in the ground. If each slave is provided with an inclination sensor and a vibration sensor, the inclination and vibration of a specific place in the ground are always measured, and a data logger is provided in the master 1, data can be collected for a long period of time.
本発明の非接触電力・信号伝送システムは、以上のように地中などに設置する装置に対し、電力の供給とデータの送受とを非接触状態で行う事ができるため、信頼性を高くすることができる。 The non-contact power / signal transmission system of the present invention increases the reliability because the power supply and the data transmission / reception can be performed in a non-contact state with respect to the apparatus installed in the ground as described above. be able to.
１ マスター
２ 伝送線
３、４ スレーブ
５，６，７ 環状のコア1 Master 2 Transmission line 3, 4 Slave 5, 6, 7 Ring core
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP4106605A4 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2024-05-01 | Xenter Inc | Catheter for imaging and measurement of pressure and other physiological parameters |
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| JPH09202550A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-08-05 | Kokusai Electric Co Ltd | Electric power and signal transmission method and its device utilizing suspension wire rope for elevating movement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP4106605A4 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2024-05-01 | Xenter Inc | Catheter for imaging and measurement of pressure and other physiological parameters |
| EP4106619A4 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2024-05-01 | Xenter Inc | Operatively coupled data and power transfer device for medical guidewires and catheters with sensors |
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| JP6195064B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
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