JP2015049586A - Measurement value classification device, method and program - Google Patents

Measurement value classification device, method and program Download PDF

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JP2015049586A
JP2015049586A JP2013179427A JP2013179427A JP2015049586A JP 2015049586 A JP2015049586 A JP 2015049586A JP 2013179427 A JP2013179427 A JP 2013179427A JP 2013179427 A JP2013179427 A JP 2013179427A JP 2015049586 A JP2015049586 A JP 2015049586A
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JP5978183B2 (en
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川口 銀河
Ginga Kawaguchi
銀河 川口
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable simple grouping without performing complicated statistical processing even in a case where there is deviation in distribution of an input measurement value group.SOLUTION: A measurement value classification device stores in processing parameter storage means end values that dispose of elements, which are extreme values and are not suitable for statistical processing, and the number of the end values as a processing parameter; sorts measurement values in an ascending order; disposes of the measurement values of the end values by the number of the end values, in the number sequence of the sorted measurement value; compares the difference between adjacent measurement values of the number sequence; determines the adjacent measurement values to be in a different group when the difference is larger than a reference inclination, and determines them to be in the same group when the difference is equal to or less than the reference inclination; classifies the measurement values into a plurality of groups; and calculates the number, average value, minimum value and maximum value of elements in a group to output them.

Description

本発明は、計測値分類装置及び方法及びプログラムに係り、特に、ネットワークの品質状態を把握するための計測値を取得して分類するための計測値分類装置及び方法及びプログラムに関する。   The present invention relates to a measurement value classification apparatus, method, and program, and more particularly, to a measurement value classification apparatus, method, and program for acquiring and classifying measurement values for grasping a network quality state.

従来のネットワーク計測は、例えば、非特許文献1に示すように、安定したネットワークにおける品質状態を数値化することが目的であったため、計測値の平均値、分類幅等を用いることが主流であった。   Conventional network measurement, for example, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, was aimed at quantifying the quality state in a stable network, so it was mainstream to use the average value of measurement values, classification width, etc. It was.

ITU-T勧告 Y.1540, p.17 6.2.1(mean IP packet transfer delay).ITU-T recommendation Y.1540, p.17 6.2.1 (mean IP packet transfer delay).

しかしながら、無線WAN(Wide Area Network)のようなネットワークでは品質が安定しないため、分布が幅広く、非特許文献1等の手法により平均値を求めてもその意義が薄れている。   However, since the quality is not stable in a network such as a wireless WAN (Wide Area Network), the distribution is wide, and even if the average value is obtained by the method of Non-Patent Document 1 or the like, the significance is weakened.

さらには、複数の異なる状態から反映される分布が重なりあっているなどから、「分布の幅」の数値では実態値を記録・把握するのには十分適しているとはいえない。   Furthermore, since distributions reflected from a plurality of different states overlap, the numerical value of “distribution width” is not sufficiently suitable for recording and grasping actual values.

本発明は、上記の点に鑑みなされたもので、入力された計測値の分布に偏りがある場合でも、複雑な統計処理を行わずにグループ分けを行い、その特性を把握することが可能な計測値分類装置及び方法及びプログラムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and even when there is a bias in the distribution of input measurement values, it is possible to perform grouping without grasping complicated statistical processing and grasp the characteristics thereof. An object of the present invention is to provide a measurement value classification apparatus, method, and program.

一態様によれば、ネットワークから取得した複数の計測値を分類するための計測値分類装置であって、
入力された計測値を格納した入力データ記憶手段と、
設定されたパラメータを格納する処理パラメータを格納した処理パラメータ記憶手段と、
前記計測値及び前記処理パラメータに基づいて集計結果を出力する集計手段と、
を有し、
前記処理パラメータ記憶手段は、
前記処理パラメータとして、極端な値で統計処理に不適切な要素を棄却するために設定される端値、該端値の個数、要素間の差を比較するためのマージンを含み、
前記集計手段は、
前記計測値を昇順にソートするソート手段と、
ソートされた計測値の数列のうち、前記端値の計測値を前記端値の個数だけ棄却する端値棄却手段と、
前記計測値の数列から端値を有する計測値が棄却された数列の隣同士の計測値の差を比較し、該差が、基準傾きより大きい場合は異なるグループとし、該基準傾き以下の場合は同じグループと判定し、複数のグループに分類するグループ分類手段と、
を含む計測値分類装置が提供される。
According to one aspect, a measurement value classification device for classifying a plurality of measurement values acquired from a network,
Input data storage means for storing input measurement values;
Processing parameter storage means for storing processing parameters for storing set parameters;
Aggregating means for outputting an aggregation result based on the measured value and the processing parameter;
Have
The processing parameter storage means includes
The processing parameters include an extreme value set to reject an element inappropriate for statistical processing at an extreme value, the number of the extreme values, and a margin for comparing a difference between the elements,
The counting means includes
Sorting means for sorting the measurement values in ascending order;
Out of the sorted measurement value sequence, the end value rejection means for rejecting the measurement value of the end value by the number of the end values;
Compare the difference between the measurement values adjacent to each other in the sequence where the measurement value having the end value was rejected from the sequence of the measurement values, and if the difference is larger than the reference slope, it is a different group. A group classification means for determining the same group and classifying it into a plurality of groups;
Is provided.

一態様によれば、入力された計測値群の分布に偏りがある場合、複雑な統計処理を行わずに簡便にグループ分けが可能となり、その特性を把握することができる。   According to one aspect, when the distribution of the input measurement value group is biased, grouping can be easily performed without performing complicated statistical processing, and the characteristics can be grasped.

本発明の一実施の形態における計測値分類装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the measured value classification | category apparatus in one embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施の形態における計測値分類装置の動作のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of operation | movement of the measured value classification | category apparatus in one embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施の形態における要素間の傾き(差分)比較の例である。It is an example of the inclination (difference) comparison between the elements in one embodiment of this invention.

以下、図面と共に本発明の実施の形態を説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

従来の指標化では、複雑な状態に起因する分布を把握できないという問題を解決するためには分布形そのものを計測するのが一つの解決策であるが、「分布形」では数値化はできないため、何らかの手段で数値化を行う必要がある。   In conventional indexing, one solution is to measure the distribution form itself in order to solve the problem of not being able to grasp the distribution caused by complex conditions. However, the distribution form cannot be quantified. It is necessary to digitize by some means.

実際の計測対象は、「複数の離散的な状態」の重ね合わせとなることが多いため、簡便な手段で複数のグループに分離し、そのグループごとの分布を計測することでネットワーク計測結果とすることで、数値化した計測が可能である。   Since the actual measurement target is often a superposition of “a plurality of discrete states”, it is separated into a plurality of groups by a simple means, and the distribution for each group is measured to obtain a network measurement result. Therefore, it is possible to measure numerically.

これには、計数値の累積分布を少数のグループにグループ分けを行い、そのグループ数とグループごとの代表値(平均値等)を算出する必要があり、その際に、事前には未知のグループ数・各グループの値範囲について少数の計測数でもそれなりの精度で分類ができる簡便な方法が必要である。   For this purpose, it is necessary to group the cumulative distribution of count values into a small number of groups and calculate the number of groups and the representative value (average value, etc.) for each group. There is a need for a simple method that can categorize with a certain degree of accuracy even with a small number of measurements in the range of values and numbers.

以下にその手法について示す。   The method is shown below.

本発明では、入力として、複数の計測値(典型的にはパケット転送遅延値やパケット損失率)が複数入力されたとき、その入力値群をソート(小さい順に並べ直す)し、異常となりやすい両端の値を除外した上で、当該入力値の各値をソートされた順序で小さい値から大きい値と順に比べる際に、一つ手前の値から「典型的な差の値」にマージンをかけた値よりも大きいか小さいかで「一つ手前の値と同じグループか否か」を判定することで、全体を複数のグループに分類する。分類結果として、グループの個数及び各グループの最大・最小・平均値・グループ内の個数等を出力する。   In the present invention, when a plurality of measurement values (typically packet transfer delay values and packet loss rates) are input as inputs, the input value group is sorted (rearranged in ascending order), and both ends are likely to become abnormal. When comparing each value of the input value from the smallest value to the largest value in the sorted order, a margin was added to the “typical difference value” from the previous value. The whole is classified into a plurality of groups by determining “whether or not the group is the same as the previous value” based on whether the value is larger or smaller than the value. As the classification result, the number of groups, the maximum / minimum / average value of each group, the number of groups, and the like are output.

以下に具体的に説明する。   This will be specifically described below.

図1は、本発明の一実施の形態における計測値分類装置の構成を示す。   FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a measured value classification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

同図に示す計測値分類装置1は、遅延、損失率等の入力データを格納する入力データ記憶部DB10、集計部20、設定パラメータを格納する処理パラメータ記憶部30を有する。   The measured value classification apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an input data storage unit DB 10 that stores input data such as delay and loss rate, a totaling unit 20, and a processing parameter storage unit 30 that stores setting parameters.

以下では、例として遅延値を10個計測した結果、以下の値であった場合について説明する。   In the following, as an example, a case will be described in which 10 delay values are measured and the following values are obtained.

入力されるパラメータの例を示す。   An example of input parameters is shown below.

・計測値の個数:n=10
・計測値(設定パラメータではなく入力値:以下の例は昇順にソート済み):
D = [D0,D1,…,D9]
D = [10.0,10.3,10.5,11.2,11.8,17.1,18,9,19.6,21.1,35.5]
・計測値の端値棄却マージン(計測値のうち、大・小それぞれ極端な値で統計処理に不適なものが含まれることがあるため、それを捨てる個数)
ZL = 1(大きい側を棄却する個数:1個(すなわち、最大値のみ棄却))
ZS = 1(小さい側を棄却する個数:1個(すなわち、最小値のみを棄却))
・計測値変換関数f: そのまま(他にはlog()などが利用可能)
・要素間の差を比較する際のマージンR: 1.2
図2は、本発明の一実施の形態における計測値分類装置の動作のフローチャートである。
・ Number of measured values: n = 10
・ Measured values (input values, not setting parameters: the following example is sorted in ascending order):
D = [D 0 , D 1 ,…, D 9 ]
D = [10.0, 10.3, 10.5, 11.2, 11.8, 17.1, 18, 9, 19.6, 21.1, 35.5]
・ Measured value margin rejection margin (the number of measured values that are extremely large and small, and may be inappropriate for statistical processing)
Z L = 1 (number to reject the larger side: 1 (that is, reject only the maximum value))
Z S = 1 (number to reject the smaller side: 1 (ie, reject only the minimum value))
・ Measured value conversion function f: As it is (Other log () etc. can be used)
・ Margin R when comparing differences between elements: 1.2
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the measurement value classification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

ステップ101) 集計部20は、上記のようなパラメータが入力され、上記Dで示すように、10個の計測値をソートする。   Step 101) The counting unit 20 receives the parameters as described above, and sorts the ten measurement values as indicated by D above.

ステップ102) 次に、上記の端値棄却マージンZの設定に基づいて異常値を棄却する。   Step 102) Next, the abnormal value is rejected based on the setting of the end value rejection margin Z described above.

具体的には、典型的な差の値を決定する。まず、計測値群から大きい要素を上からZL個、小さい要素から小さい方からZS個棄却し、計測値群D'を作る。 Specifically, a typical difference value is determined. First, Z L large elements from the measured value group are rejected from the top, and Z S from the smaller element are discarded from the smaller element, and a measured value group D ′ is created.

D' = [f(Di ) where i = {1..8}]
= [10.3,10.5,11.2,11.8,17.1,18.9,19.6,21.1]
(要素数n−ZL−ZS = 10−1−1 = 8個)
典型的な差の値Savは、以下のように定義される。
D '= [f (D i ) where i = {1..8}]
= [10.3, 10.5, 11.2, 11.8, 17.1, 18.9, 19.6, 21.1]
(Number of elements n−Z L −Z S = 10−1−1 = 8)
A typical difference value S av is defined as:

ここで、(D'の数−1は「昇順にソートした要素間の差分の個数」の意味である。   Here, (the number of D′−1 means “the number of differences between elements sorted in ascending order”).

Sav = (D'の最大値−D'の最小値/(D'の個数−1)
=> (上記の例では(21.1 − 10.3) / 7 = 1.54)
なお、対数軸で定義するSavを用いてもよい。その場合は、
Sav'=(log(D'の最大値)−log(D'の最小値))/(D'の個数−1)
Sav'を用いる場合には、以降の議論でのDの要素D iをlog(D i)に置き換えれば同じ議論ができる。なお、logを用いるか否かは元のデータの特性により判断するものとする。
S av = (maximum value of D′−minimum value of D ′ / (number of D′−1))
=> ((21.1 − 10.3) / 7 = 1.54 in the above example)
It is also possible to use the S av defining a logarithmic axis. In that case,
S av ′ = (log (maximum value of D ′) − log (minimum value of D ′)) / (number of D′−1)
When S av ′ is used, the same argument can be made by replacing the element D i of D in the following discussion with log (D i ). Whether or not to use log is determined based on the characteristics of the original data.

ステップ103) 集計部20は、基準傾きを算出する。   Step 103) The counting unit 20 calculates a reference inclination.

具体的には、D'の昇順にソートした数値例の隣同士の値の差を数値列D' Sをつくる。 Specifically, a numerical sequence D ′ S is created by the difference between adjacent values in the numerical example sorted in ascending order of D ′.

DS' = [(D2−D1),(D3−D2…(D8−D7)]
= [0.2,0.7,0.6,5.3,1.8,0.7,1.5]
ステップ104) 集計部20は、各要素D間の差分について基準傾きと比較する。図3に示すように、傾き(差分)が「平均的な傾き*マージン」以下である場合(図3中、△aと△b)は同じグループであると判断し、傾きが「平均的な傾き*マージン」よりも大きい場合(図3中、△bと△c)は別のグループと判断する。
D S '= [(D 2 −D 1 ), (D 3 −D 2 … (D 8 −D 7 )]
= [0.2, 0.7, 0.6, 5.3, 1.8, 0.7, 1.5]
Step 104) The counting unit 20 compares the difference between the elements D with the reference inclination. As shown in FIG. 3, when the slope (difference) is equal to or less than “average slope * margin” (Δa and Δb in FIG. 3), it is determined that they are the same group. When it is larger than “slope * margin” (Δb and Δc in FIG. 3), it is determined as another group.

例えば、R=1.2のときに、DS'の各要素が1.54 * 1.2(つまり、Sav * R) = 1.85よりも大きいかどうかを計算する。 For example, when R = 1.2, it is calculated whether each element of D S ′ is greater than 1.54 * 1.2 (ie, S av * R) = 1.85.

G = [D S' > (S av * R)]
= [0,0,0,1,0,0,0] (但し、0:偽、1:真)
ステップ105) 上記の真偽値が「0」(差分が小さい場合)は既存グループ(同じグループ)、「1」の場合(差分が大きい)は、新しいグループ(異なるグループ)と判定する。
G = [D S ' > (S av * R)]
= [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0] (However, 0: false, 1: true)
Step 105) When the above-mentioned truth value is “0” (when the difference is small), it is determined as an existing group (the same group), and when it is “1” (the difference is large), it is determined as a new group (different group).

Gの各要素について、「0」である場合は元の差分は「グループ内」と判定し、「1」である場合は元の前後の値は「異なるグループ」と判定する。   For each element of G, when it is “0”, the original difference is determined as “within group”, and when it is “1”, the values before and after the original are determined as “different groups”.

例えば、Gの最初の要素"0"は、D'と最初の2要素"10.3"と"10.5"の値が近い「同じグループ」であること、Gの4番目の要素"1"は、D'の"11.8"と"17.1"の差が大きく「異なるグループ」に属することを意味する。   For example, the first element "0" of G is "same group" whose values of D 'and the first two elements "10.3" and "10.5" are close, and the fourth element "1" of G is D This means that the difference between “11.8” and “17.1” of “is” belongs to “different group”.

また、Gの「1」の要素で区切られる、各グループは、今回の例のD'については以下の2つに分けられる。   Each group divided by the element “1” of G is divided into the following two for D ′ in this example.

D'1 = [10.3,10.5,11.2,11.8]
D'2 = [17.1,18.9,19.6,21.1]
このD'1、D'2について個数、平均値、最小値、最大値等の分析値を算出すると、表1のようになる。
D ' 1 = [10.3, 10.5, 11.2, 11.8]
D ' 2 = [17.1, 18.9, 19.6, 21.1]
When analysis values such as the number, average value, minimum value, maximum value, etc. are calculated for D ′ 1 and D ′ 2 , Table 1 is obtained.

Figure 2015049586
Figure 2015049586

ステップ106) 上記の分析結果を記憶手段、または、ユーザの表示装置に出力する。   Step 106) The above analysis result is output to the storage means or the display device of the user.

上記の例では、グループの個数=2、D'1,D'2の統計値を出力する。 In the above example, the statistical value of the number of groups = 2 and D ′ 1 and D ′ 2 is output.

これにより、入力された計測値群の分布に偏りがある場合、複雑な統計処理を行わず、簡便にグループ分けを行い、その特性を把握することができる。   Thereby, when the distribution of the input measurement value group is biased, it is possible to easily perform grouping and grasp the characteristics without performing complicated statistical processing.

なお、上記の集計部20による図2に示す処理をプログラムとして構築し、計測値分類装置として利用されるコンピュータにインストールして実行させる、または、ネットワークを介して流通させることが可能である。   2 can be constructed as a program and installed in a computer used as a measurement value classifying device and executed or distributed via a network.

本発明は、上記の実施の形態に限定されることなく、特許請求の範囲内において、種々変更・応用が可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and applications are possible within the scope of the claims.

1 計測値分類装置
10 入力データ記憶DB
20 集計部
30 処理パラメータ記憶部
1 Measurement value classifier 10 Input data storage DB
20 Totaling unit 30 Processing parameter storage unit

Claims (8)

ネットワークから取得した複数の計測値を分類するための計測値分類装置であって、
入力された計測値を格納した入力データ記憶手段と、
設定されたパラメータを格納する処理パラメータを格納した処理パラメータ記憶手段と、
前記計測値及び前記処理パラメータに基づいて集計結果を出力する集計手段と、
を有し、
前記処理パラメータ記憶手段は、
前記処理パラメータとして、極端な値で統計処理に不適切な要素を棄却するために設定される端値、該端値の個数、要素間の差を比較するためのマージンを含み、
前記集計手段は、
前記計測値を昇順にソートするソート手段と、
ソートされた計測値の数列のうち、前記端値の計測値を前記端値の個数だけ棄却する端値棄却手段と、
前記計測値の数列から端値を有する計測値が棄却された数列の隣同士の計測値の差を比較し、該差が、基準傾きより大きい場合は異なるグループとし、該基準傾き以下の場合は同じグループと判定し、複数のグループに分類するグループ分類手段と、
を含む
ことを特徴とする計測値分類装置。
A measurement value classification device for classifying a plurality of measurement values acquired from a network,
Input data storage means for storing input measurement values;
Processing parameter storage means for storing processing parameters for storing set parameters;
Aggregating means for outputting an aggregation result based on the measured value and the processing parameter;
Have
The processing parameter storage means includes
The processing parameters include an extreme value set to reject an element inappropriate for statistical processing at an extreme value, the number of the extreme values, and a margin for comparing a difference between the elements,
The counting means includes
Sorting means for sorting the measurement values in ascending order;
Out of the sorted measurement value sequence, the end value rejection means for rejecting the measurement value of the end value by the number of the end values;
Compare the difference between the measurement values adjacent to each other in the sequence where the measurement value having the end value was rejected from the sequence of the measurement values, and if the difference is larger than the reference slope, it is a different group. A group classification means for determining the same group and classifying it into a plurality of groups;
A measurement value classifying apparatus including:
前記グループ分類手段は、
前記基準傾きを、平均的な傾きに前記マージンを乗算した値とする。
請求項1記載の計測値分類装置。
The group classification means includes:
The reference inclination is a value obtained by multiplying an average inclination by the margin.
The measurement value classification apparatus according to claim 1.
前記グループ分類手段は、
前記グループ分類手段で分類されたグループごとに、該グループ内の要素の個数、平均値、最小値、最大値を算出して出力する手段を含む
請求項1記載の計測値分類装置。
The group classification means includes:
2. The measured value classification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for calculating and outputting the number of elements in the group, the average value, the minimum value, and the maximum value for each group classified by the group classification means.
前記比較マージンを対数軸で定義する
請求項2記載の計測値分類装置。
The measured value classification apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the comparison margin is defined on a logarithmic axis.
ネットワークから取得した複数の計測値を分類するための計測値分類方法であって、
入力された計測値を格納した入力データ記憶手段と、
極端な値で統計処理に不適切な要素を棄却するために設定される端値、該端値の個数、要素間の差を比較するためのマージンを含む処理パラメータを格納した処理パラメータ記憶手段と、
前記計測値及び前記処理パラメータに基づいて集計結果を出力する集計手段と、を有する装置において、
前記集計手段が、
前記計測値を昇順にソートするソートステップと、
ソートされた計測値の数列のうち、前記端値の計測値を前記端値の個数だけ棄却する端値棄却ステップと、
前記計測値の数列から端値を有する計測値が棄却された数列の隣同士の計測値の差を比較し、該差が、基準傾きより大きい場合は異なるグループとし、該基準傾き以下の場合は同じグループと判定し、複数のグループに分類するグループ分類ステップと、
を行うことを特徴とする計測値分類方法。
A measurement value classification method for classifying a plurality of measurement values acquired from a network,
Input data storage means for storing input measurement values;
Processing parameter storage means for storing processing parameters including extreme values set to reject elements inappropriate for statistical processing at extreme values, the number of the extreme values, and a margin for comparing differences between the elements; ,
In a device having a counting unit that outputs a counting result based on the measurement value and the processing parameter,
The counting means is
A sorting step for sorting the measurement values in ascending order;
Out of the sorted sequence of measured values, the end value rejection step of rejecting the measured values of the end values by the number of the end values;
Compare the difference between the measurement values adjacent to each other in the sequence where the measurement value having the end value was rejected from the sequence of the measurement values, and if the difference is larger than the reference slope, it is a different group. A group classification step for determining the same group and classifying it into a plurality of groups;
Measured value classification method characterized by performing.
前記グループ分類ステップにおいて、
前記基準傾きを、平均的な傾きに前記マージンを乗算した値とする。
請求項5記載の計測値分類方法。
In the group classification step,
The reference inclination is a value obtained by multiplying an average inclination by the margin.
The measured value classification method according to claim 5.
前記グループ分類ステップにおいて、
前記グループ分類手段で分類されたグループごとに、該グループ内の要素の個数、平均値、最小値、最大値を算出して出力する
請求項5記載の計測値分類方法。
In the group classification step,
The measured value classification method according to claim 5, wherein the number, average value, minimum value, and maximum value of elements in the group are calculated and output for each group classified by the group classification means.
コンピュータを、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の計測値分類装置の各手段として機能させるための計測値分類プログラム。
Computer
A measurement value classification program for causing each of the means of the measurement value classification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to function.
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