JP2015034551A - Gas exchange valve including valve rotator - Google Patents

Gas exchange valve including valve rotator Download PDF

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JP2015034551A
JP2015034551A JP2014161097A JP2014161097A JP2015034551A JP 2015034551 A JP2015034551 A JP 2015034551A JP 2014161097 A JP2014161097 A JP 2014161097A JP 2014161097 A JP2014161097 A JP 2014161097A JP 2015034551 A JP2015034551 A JP 2015034551A
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Prior art keywords
valve
rotator
gas exchange
cylinder head
spring
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JP6400975B2 (en
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ロベルト・クーダ
Robert Kuda
マンフレート・ヴァレンタ
Manfred Walenta
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/32—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K29/00—Arrangements for movement of valve members other than for opening and closing the valve, e.g. for grinding-in, for preventing sticking

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas exchange valve including a new valve rotator, and the new valve rotator.SOLUTION: A gas exchange valve (10) includes a valve seat disposed in a region of a cylinder head (14), a valve element capable of being lifted up from the valve seat against spring force of at least one valve spring (12, 13) to open the gas exchange valve, being pressed to the valve seat by the valve springs (12, 13) or spring force of each of the valve springs (12, 13) to close the gas exchange valve, and engaged with a valve rod (11), a valve guide (15) for the valve rod (11), and a valve rotator (16) positioned below between the cylinder head (14) and the valve springs (12, 13) or each of the valve springs (12, 13). The valve rotator (16) is constituted in a state of being floated by forming a gap (20) between the valve rotator (16) and the cylinder head (14).

Description

本発明は、請求項１のおいて書きに記載の弁ローテータを備える、内燃機関のガス交換弁に関する。本発明はまた、請求項７のおいて書きに記載の、内燃機関のガス交換弁用の弁ローテータに関する。   The present invention relates to a gas exchange valve for an internal combustion engine comprising the valve rotator described in claim 1. The invention also relates to a valve rotator for a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine as described in claim 7.

弁ローテータを備えるガス交換弁を持つ内燃機関は、実用において、よく知られている。弁体の不均一な加熱や、ゆがみを防止し、かつ、弁体及び弁座に燃焼残渣の付着が形成されるのを回避するために、弁ローテータにより各行程において、ガス交換弁の弁体をガス交換弁の弁座に対して回転させることができる。   Internal combustion engines having gas exchange valves with valve rotators are well known in practice. In order to prevent uneven heating and distortion of the valve body, and to avoid the formation of combustion residue on the valve body and the valve seat, the valve body of the gas exchange valve is used in each stroke by the valve rotator. Can be rotated relative to the valve seat of the gas exchange valve.

内燃機関の、弁ローテータを備えるガス交換弁は、特許文献１より知られている。そこでは、シリンダヘッドの領域に形成された弁座を持つガス交換弁が知られており、ガス交換弁の弁体は、ガス交換弁を開く際には２つのばね要素のばね力に対抗して弁座から持ち上げられ、また、ガス交換弁を閉じる際には２つのばね要素のばね力により弁座に押し付けられる。弁座と協働する弁体はバルブディスクとも呼ばれ、弁案内の中に案内された弁棒に固定されている。この従来技術においては、弁ローテータはガス交換弁の弁ばねとシリンダヘッドとの間に位置しており、弁ローテータはシリンダヘッド上に立った状態で実施されている。   A gas exchange valve equipped with a valve rotator for an internal combustion engine is known from US Pat. There is known a gas exchange valve having a valve seat formed in the area of the cylinder head, and the valve body of the gas exchange valve counteracts the spring force of the two spring elements when opening the gas exchange valve. When the gas exchange valve is closed, it is pressed against the valve seat by the spring force of the two spring elements. The valve body that cooperates with the valve seat is also called a valve disc, and is fixed to a valve stem guided in the valve guide. In this prior art, the valve rotator is located between the valve spring of the gas exchange valve and the cylinder head, and the valve rotator stands on the cylinder head.

特許文献１によるとガス交換弁の弁ローテータは、シリンダヘッドのオイルサンプ内に立った状態にあり、それにより弁ローテータは、シリンダヘッドのオイルサンプ内に集まる汚れにより、より多くの摩耗を受ける。さらに、弁棒と弁案内との間の摩擦を高める弁棒の汚れが原因で、弁案内がシリンダヘッドから抜ける危険もある。   According to Patent Document 1, the valve rotator of the gas exchange valve is standing in the oil sump of the cylinder head, so that the valve rotator is subjected to more wear due to dirt collected in the oil sump of the cylinder head. Furthermore, there is also a risk that the valve guide may fall out of the cylinder head due to contamination of the valve stem that increases the friction between the valve stem and the valve guide.

従来技術における上記の短所を簡単かつ高信頼的に回避できるような、弁ローテータを備える新規のガス交換弁、及び、相応の弁ローテータが必要である。   There is a need for a new gas exchange valve with a valve rotator and a corresponding valve rotator that can easily and reliably avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.

独国特許出願公開第１４７５９７８号明細書German Patent Application Publication No. 1475978

上記に鑑みて本発明の課題は、新規の弁ローテータを備えるガス交換弁、及び、新規の弁ローテータを提供することである。   In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a gas exchange valve having a novel valve rotator and a novel valve rotator.

この課題は、請求項１に記載のガス交換弁により解決される。本発明によると弁ローテータは、弁ローテータとシリンダヘッドとの間にギャップを設けることにより浮かせた状態で構成されている。   This problem is solved by the gas exchange valve according to claim 1. According to the present invention, the valve rotator is configured in a floating state by providing a gap between the valve rotator and the cylinder head.

本発明によると弁ローテータとシリンダヘッドとの間にギャップを設けることにより、弁ローテータは浮かせた状態で構成されている。それにより弁ローテータをシリンダヘッドのオイルサンプ内に立たせることが回避できる。それにより、汚れが弁ローテータの領域に集まることが回避される。汚れた潤滑油は排出することができる。それにより本発明のガス交換弁が受ける摩耗はより少なくなる。さらに、弁棒の汚れが原因で弁案内がシリンダヘッドから抜ける危険も回避される。   According to the present invention, the valve rotator is floated by providing a gap between the valve rotator and the cylinder head. As a result, the valve rotator can be prevented from standing in the oil sump of the cylinder head. Thereby, dirt is prevented from collecting in the area of the valve rotator. Dirty lubricating oil can be discharged. Thereby, the wear of the gas exchange valve of the present invention is less. Furthermore, the risk of the valve guide coming out of the cylinder head due to contamination of the valve stem is also avoided.

望ましくは、浮かせた状態の弁ローテータは弁案内に構成されている。弁ローテータを浮かせた状態で弁案内に構成する実施形態は簡単であり、そのため望ましい。   Preferably, the valve rotator in the floated state is configured as a valve guide. An embodiment in which the valve guide is configured with the valve rotator floating is simple and is therefore desirable.

好適な発展形によると弁ローテータは弁案内に摩擦結合的に係合している。弁ローテータが弁案内に摩擦結合的に係合すると、弁棒の汚れが原因で弁案内がシリンダヘッドから抜けることが簡単かつ高信頼的に回避できる。   According to a preferred development, the valve rotator is frictionally engaged with the valve guide. If the valve rotator is frictionally engaged with the valve guide, the valve guide can be easily and reliably avoided from coming off the cylinder head due to the contamination of the valve stem.

望ましくは弁ローテータは、円錐座を介して弁案内に固定される。円錐座を介して弁ローテータを弁案内に固定することは簡単であり、そのため望ましい。   The valve rotator is preferably fixed to the valve guide via a conical seat. Fixing the valve rotator to the valve guide via the conical seat is simple and therefore desirable.

本発明の望ましい発展形は従属請求項及び以下の説明から理解できる。本発明の実施形例を図を用いて詳しく説明するが、これに限定されるわけではない。   Preferred developments of the invention can be seen from the dependent claims and the following description. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but are not limited thereto.

本発明の弁ローテータの領域における本発明のガス交換弁の図式的な断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas exchange valve of the present invention in the region of the valve rotator of the present invention.

本発明は、内燃機関の、弁ローテータを備えるガス交換弁、及び、そのようなガス交換弁のための弁ローテータに関する。   The present invention relates to a gas exchange valve with a valve rotator for an internal combustion engine and to a valve rotator for such a gas exchange valve.

図１は、本発明の弁ローテータの領域における、本発明のガス交換弁の図式的な断面図であり、ガス交換弁１０のうち弁棒１１が図示されており、弁棒１１には、バルブディスクとも呼ばれる、図示されない弁体が係合している。   FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas exchange valve of the present invention in the region of the valve rotator of the present invention, in which a valve stem 11 is illustrated of the gas exchange valve 10. A valve element (not shown) called a disk is engaged.

ガス交換弁１０の図示されない弁体は、やはり図示されないガス交換弁１０の弁座と協働しており、つまり、ガス交換弁１０を開くために弁体は少なくとも一つの弁ばね１２，１３のばね力に対抗して弁座から持ち上げ可能であり、また、ガス交換弁１０を閉じるために弁体は当該の弁ばね１２，１３又はそれぞれの弁ばね１２，１３のばね力により弁座に押し付け可能である。   The valve body (not shown) of the gas exchange valve 10 cooperates with the valve seat of the gas exchange valve 10 which is also not shown, that is, the valve body of the at least one valve spring 12, 13 is opened to open the gas exchange valve 10. The valve body can be lifted from the valve seat against the spring force, and in order to close the gas exchange valve 10, the valve body is pressed against the valve seat by the spring force of the valve springs 12, 13 or the respective valve springs 12, 13. Is possible.

図示された実施例においてはガス交換弁１０はそのような２つの弁ばね１２，１３、つまり、内側弁ばね１２及び外側弁ばね１３を有している。弁ばねはただ一つとすることもできる。   In the illustrated embodiment, the gas exchange valve 10 has two such valve springs 12, 13, namely an inner valve spring 12 and an outer valve spring 13. There can be only one valve spring.

ガス交換弁１０の図示されない弁体と協働する、ガス交換弁１０の図示されない弁座は、シリンダヘッド１４の領域内に構成されており、図示されない弁体が取り付けられている弁棒１１は、ガス交換弁１０の弁案内１５の中に案内されている。   A valve seat (not shown) of the gas exchange valve 10 that cooperates with a valve body (not shown) of the gas exchange valve 10 is configured in the region of the cylinder head 14, and a valve rod 11 to which a valve body (not shown) is attached is provided. The gas exchange valve 10 is guided in the valve guide 15.

ガス交換弁１０は、図１では図式的にのみ図示されている弁ローテータ１６を有しており、弁ローテータ１６は、シリンダヘッド１４と弁ばね１２，１３との間において下に位置している。   The gas exchange valve 10 has a valve rotator 16, which is shown only schematically in FIG. 1, and the valve rotator 16 is located below between the cylinder head 14 and the valve springs 12, 13. .

そのような弁ローテータの機能は、本書が関係する当業者にとっては周知である。   The function of such a valve rotator is well known to those skilled in the art to which this document pertains.

弁ローテータ１６は第１スプリングリテーナ１７を有しており、この第１スプリングリテーナ１７には、両方の弁ばね１２，１３の下端である第１の端が支えられており、弁ばね１２，１３の上端である第２の端は、クランプ装置１９を介して弁棒１１に固定された第２のスプリングリテーナ１８に支えられている。   The valve rotator 16 has a first spring retainer 17. The first spring retainer 17 supports a first end which is the lower end of both valve springs 12, 13, and the valve springs 12, 13. The second end, which is the upper end of, is supported by a second spring retainer 18 fixed to the valve stem 11 via a clamp device 19.

本発明によるガス交換弁１０又はガス交換弁１０の弁ローテータ１６は、弁ローテータ１６とシリンダヘッド１４との間にギャップ２０を設けることにより弁ローテータ１６を浮かせた状態で構成するように構成されている。   The gas exchange valve 10 or the valve rotator 16 of the gas exchange valve 10 according to the present invention is configured so that the valve rotator 16 is floated by providing a gap 20 between the valve rotator 16 and the cylinder head 14. Yes.

それにより、弁ローテータ１６がシリンダヘッド１４のオイルサンプ内に立てられるのではなく、ギャップ２０を介してシリンダヘッド１４と弁ローテータ１６との間に十分なオイル循環が保証され、そのオイル循環を介して汚れが排出され得ることが保証される。それにより、弁ローテータ１６が受ける摩耗が、従来技術に比較してより少なくなることが保証される。   As a result, the valve rotator 16 is not set up in the oil sump of the cylinder head 14, but sufficient oil circulation is ensured between the cylinder head 14 and the valve rotator 16 via the gap 20, via the oil circulation. It is guaranteed that dirt can be discharged. This ensures that the wear experienced by the valve rotator 16 is less compared to the prior art.

図示された、本発明の望ましい実施形態において、ガス交換弁１０の弁ローテータ１６は浮かせた状態で、弁棒１１のための弁案内１５に構成されており、弁ローテータ１６は弁案内１５に摩擦結合的に係合する。   In the illustrated preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve rotator 16 of the gas exchange valve 10 is in a floated state and is configured as a valve guide 15 for the valve stem 11, and the valve rotator 16 frictions against the valve guide 15. Engage in engagement.

本発明のこの好適な発展形はとりわけ、弁棒１１のための弁案内１５が、弁棒１１に堆積する汚れが原因で、つまり弁棒１１と弁案内１５との間の摩擦が原因で、シリンダヘッド１４から抜けることを簡単に回避し得るという長所がある。   This preferred development of the invention is in particular due to the fact that the valve guide 15 for the valve stem 11 is due to dirt deposited on the valve stem 11, i.e. due to the friction between the valve stem 11 and the valve guide 15. There is an advantage that it is possible to easily avoid the cylinder head 14 from coming off.

望ましくは、弁ローテータ１６は円錐座２１を介して弁案内１５に固定されている。弁ローテータ１６は、座面２２が円錐台状である中央リセスを有しており、弁案内１５は、座面２３がやはり円錐台状であるカラー状突起を有する。弁ローテータ１６の座面２２は、対応する、弁案内１５のカラー状突起の座面２３に載っている。それにより、弁ローテータ１６とシリンダヘッド１４との間にギャップ２０が設けられて弁ローテータ１６が弁案内１５に摩擦結合的に固定されることが特別な態様で保証される。   Desirably, the valve rotator 16 is fixed to the valve guide 15 via the conical seat 21. The valve rotator 16 has a central recess whose seating surface 22 is frustoconical, and the valve guide 15 has a collar-like projection whose seating surface 23 is also frustoconical. The seat surface 22 of the valve rotator 16 rests on the corresponding seat surface 23 of the collar-like protrusion of the valve guide 15. As a result, it is ensured in a special manner that a gap 20 is provided between the valve rotator 16 and the cylinder head 14 and that the valve rotator 16 is frictionally fixed to the valve guide 15.

下に位置する弁ローテータ１６を浮かせた状態で実施することにより、従来技術の短所が回避される。弁ローテータ１６が、とりわけ円錐座２１を介して、又は、代替的に適切な幾何学的実施形態を介して、弁案内１５に摩擦結合的に固定されることにより、両方の弁ばね１２，１３は弁ローテータ１６を介して弁案内１５に作用し、弁案内１５がシリンダヘッド１４から抜ける可能性を回避する。弁ローテータ１６を浮かせた状態で実施することにより弁ローテータ１６とシリンダヘッド１４との間にギャップ２０が設けられ、このギャップ２０を介して十分な潤滑油交換を保証することができ、それにより、弁ローテータ１６とシリンダヘッド１４との間に汚れがたまることが回避される。   By implementing the lower valve rotator 16 in a floating state, the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided. The valve rotator 16 is frictionally fixed to the valve guide 15, in particular via the conical seat 21, or alternatively via a suitable geometric embodiment, so that both valve springs 12, 13 Acts on the valve guide 15 via the valve rotator 16 to avoid the possibility of the valve guide 15 coming off the cylinder head 14. By implementing the valve rotator 16 in a floating state, a gap 20 is provided between the valve rotator 16 and the cylinder head 14, and sufficient lubricating oil exchange can be ensured through the gap 20, thereby Accumulation of dirt between the valve rotator 16 and the cylinder head 14 is avoided.

潤滑油交換を支援するために、場合によっては弁ローテータ１６内に少なくとも一つの、図示されないボアを設けることができる。また、潤滑油交換をさらに支援するためにシリンダヘッド１４内に少なくとも一つの、図示されない排出路を設けることができる。しかしながら、弁ローテータ１６内にそのようなボアがなくても、また、シリンダヘッド１４内にそのような排出路がなくても、弁ローテータ１６を浮かせた状態で実施することによりギャップ２０の領域において十分な潤滑油交換を保証し得る。   In order to assist in the lubricant change, at least one bore (not shown) may optionally be provided in the valve rotator 16. Further, at least one discharge path (not shown) can be provided in the cylinder head 14 to further assist the replacement of the lubricating oil. However, even if there is no such bore in the valve rotator 16 and no such discharge path in the cylinder head 14, the valve rotator 16 can be carried out in a floating state in the region of the gap 20. A sufficient lubricant change can be guaranteed.

１０ ガス交換弁
１１ 弁棒
１２ 弁ばね
１３ 弁ばね
１４ シリンダヘッド
１５ 弁案内
１６ 弁ローテータ
１７ スプリングリテーナ
１８ スプリングリテーナ
１９ クランプ装置
２０ ギャップ
２１ 円錐座
２２ 座面
２３ 座面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Gas exchange valve 11 Valve stick 12 Valve spring 13 Valve spring 14 Cylinder head 15 Valve guide 16 Valve rotator 17 Spring retainer 18 Spring retainer 19 Clamping device 20 Gap 21 Conical seat 22 Seat surface 23 Seat surface

Claims (8)

内燃機関のガス交換弁（１０）であって、シリンダヘッド（１４）の領域内に構成された弁座、前記ガス交換弁を開くために少なくとも一つの弁ばね（１２，１３）のばね力に対抗して前記弁座から持ち上げ可能であり、前記ガス交換弁を閉じるために前記弁ばね（１２，１３）又は各弁ばね（１２，１３）のばね力により前記弁座に押し付け可能である、弁棒（１１）に係合している弁体、前記弁棒（１１）のための弁案内（１５）、及び、前記シリンダヘッド（１４）と前記弁ばね（１２，１３）又は各弁ばね（１２，１３）との間において下に位置する弁ローテータ（１６）、を備えるガス交換弁（１０）において、
前記弁ローテータ（１６）と前記シリンダヘッド（１４）との間にギャップ（２０）が設けられて前記弁ローテータ（１６）が浮かせた状態で構成されていることを特徴とするガス交換弁。 A gas exchange valve (10) for an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve seat configured in the region of a cylinder head (14), the spring force of at least one valve spring (12, 13) for opening the gas exchange valve. The valve spring can be lifted against the valve seat, and can be pressed against the valve seat by the spring force of the valve spring (12, 13) or each valve spring (12, 13) to close the gas exchange valve. A valve element engaged with the valve stem (11), a valve guide (15) for the valve stem (11), and the cylinder head (14) and the valve spring (12, 13) or each valve spring In the gas exchange valve (10) comprising a valve rotator (16) positioned between (12, 13),
A gas exchange valve characterized in that a gap (20) is provided between the valve rotator (16) and the cylinder head (14) so that the valve rotator (16) is floated. 前記弁ローテータ（１６）が、浮かせた状態で前記弁案内（１５）に構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のガス交換弁。   Gas exchange valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve rotator (16) is configured in the valve guide (15) in a floated state. 前記弁ローテータ（１５）が前記弁案内（１５）に摩擦結合的に係合することを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載のガス交換弁。   Gas exchange valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve rotator (15) is frictionally engaged with the valve guide (15). 前記弁ローテータ（１６）が円錐座（２１）を介して前記弁案内（１５）に固定されることを特徴とする、請求項２または３に記載のガス交換弁。   Gas exchange valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the valve rotator (16) is fixed to the valve guide (15) via a conical seat (21). 前記弁ローテータ（１６）が、座面（２２）が円錐台状であるリセスを有することを特徴とする、請求項４に記載のガス交換弁。   Gas exchange valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the valve rotator (16) has a recess whose seating surface (22) is frustoconical. 前記弁ローテータ（１６）のために前記弁案内（１５）が、座面（２３）が円錐台状であるカラー状突起を有し、前記弁ローテータ（１６）の前記座面（２２）が、前記弁案内（１５）の前記カラー状突起の、対応する前記座面（２３）に載っていることを特徴とする、請求項５に記載のガス交換弁。   For the valve rotator (16), the valve guide (15) has a collar-like projection whose seating surface (23) is frustoconical, and the seating surface (22) of the valve rotator (16) is Gas exchange valve according to claim 5, characterized in that it rests on the corresponding seating surface (23) of the collar-like projection of the valve guide (15). 内燃機関のガス交換弁（１０）のための弁ローテータ（１６）であって、シリンダヘッド（１４）と少なくとも一つの弁ばね（１２，１３）との間において下に位置している弁ローテータ（１６）において、前記弁ローテータ（１６）は、前記弁ローテータ（１６）と前記シリンダヘッド（１４）との間にギャップ（２０）を設けることにより浮かせた状態で構成されていることを特徴とする弁ローテータ。   A valve rotator (16) for a gas exchange valve (10) of an internal combustion engine, which is located below between the cylinder head (14) and at least one valve spring (12, 13) 16), the valve rotator (16) is configured in a floating state by providing a gap (20) between the valve rotator (16) and the cylinder head (14). Valve rotator. 請求項７に記載の弁ローテータであって、該弁ローテータが請求項２から５のいずれか一項に記載のように構成されていることを特徴とする、弁ローテータ。   The valve rotator according to claim 7, wherein the valve rotator is configured as described in any one of claims 2 to 5.
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