JP2015019474A - Electric power interchange system and control procedure determination device for electric power interchange system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power interchange system and a control procedure determination device for this electric power interchange system capable of suitably carrying out accumulation to a shared accumulator and power distribution from the shared accumulator without being restricted by Electricity Business Act.SOLUTION: A power distribution unit 10-1 in a power interchange system 10 provided with a plurality of power distribution units 10-1 having an AC system 14 for supplying electric power generated by a centralized power source and a photovoltaic power generation panel 12 and independently receiving power respectively from the centralized power source includes: a DC system 16 for distributing electric power from only a photovoltaic power generation panel 12; a change-over switch 20 for selectively changing over power distribution from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12; and an accumulator system 18 for distributing the electric power accumulated to the accumulator 30 to which a plurality of DC systems 16 are electrically connected and provided independently from respective power distribution units 10-1 to the AC system 14.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power accommodation system and a control procedure determination device for the power accommodation system, and more particularly, a power accommodation system including a plurality of power distribution units that independently receive power from a centralized power source and the power accommodation system. The present invention relates to a control procedure determining apparatus.

  From the viewpoint of environmental protection and resource protection, use a distributed power source that supplies power by distributing relatively small power generation facilities using renewable energy such as solar power and wind power around the power consumption area. In recent years, however, attention has been focused.

  As a power supply system using such a photovoltaic power generation panel as a distributed power source, Patent Document 1 includes a power system that supplies power from a commercial AC power source to electrical equipment in a facility. An electric power supply system for supplying electric power to an electric device by connecting a system for supplying electric power generated by a solar power generation panel to a so-called system linkage is disclosed.

  The power supply system of Patent Document 1 includes a storage battery that stores power from a photovoltaic power generation panel, and is configured to preferentially supply the power stored in the storage battery to an electrical device.

JP 2011-229368 A

  According to the power supply system of Patent Document 1, when a plurality of power supply systems are installed, a storage battery is provided in each system, and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel is temporarily stored in each storage battery.

  However, since the storage battery is generally expensive, the introduction cost of the power supply system increases. Therefore, it is conceivable to install one storage battery and share it between neighboring power supply systems without installing each storage battery in each system.

  However, since the storage battery of the power supply system is linked to the system that supplies power from the commercial AC power supply, the system that supplies power from the photovoltaic power generation panel is connected to another power supply system. When the power supply system is shared, one power supply system and another power supply system are electrically connected.

  In the case of the individual power receiving system in which the power supply system of this one and the other power supply system draw power from the commercial AC power supply via different lead-in lines, the power drawn from the commercial AC power supply by one lead-in line was used. The electric device and the electric device using the electric power drawn from the commercial AC power source by another different lead-in wire are electrically connected. Such electrical connection is legally prohibited by the Electricity Business Law mainly from the viewpoint of ensuring electrical safety.

  Therefore, it is assumed that the introduction cost of the power supply system will increase under the regulation by the Electricity Business Law.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, The objective is the electric power which can perform appropriately the electrical storage to a joint storage battery, and the power distribution from a joint storage battery, without being regulated by the Electricity Business Law. An object of the present invention is to provide an accommodation system and a control procedure determination device for the electricity accommodation system.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a first distribution system for supplying electric equipment with electric power generated by a centralized power source and electric power generated by a distributed power source using renewable energy. In the power interchange system comprising a plurality of power distribution units each independently receiving power from the centralized power source, each power distribution unit is provided electrically independent from the first power distribution system. A second power distribution system that distributes power from only the distributed power source, and a switching means that selectively switches power distribution from the distributed power source to the first power distribution system or the second power distribution system, And a third distribution system for distributing the power stored in a storage battery provided independently of each of the distribution units to the first distribution system. When That.

  According to this configuration, each of the plurality of power distribution units that receive power from the centralized power source independently has the second power distribution system that is independent from the first power distribution system that distributes power from the centralized power source. Therefore, the second power distribution system provided in each power distribution unit can be electrically connected to the common storage battery without being regulated by the Electricity Business Act.

  Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide a storage battery for each power distribution unit, the introduction cost of a power interchange system having each power distribution unit can be reduced.

  In addition, the power stored together in the joint storage battery can be used efficiently between each power distribution unit via the third power distribution system, or shared between power distribution units that are close to each other in the event of an emergency such as a large-scale power outage or a disaster. The stored electric power can be used effectively.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to the first aspect, each of the power distribution units has the first power distribution by the switching means when the power is distributed to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system. A control device is provided that controls to stop switching to the system and controls to stop power distribution to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system when the switching means switches to the first power distribution system. It is characterized by that.

  According to this configuration, each power distribution unit includes a control device that performs power distribution control when performing power distribution by the third power distribution system and power distribution by the first power distribution system. The power from the power source is not simultaneously distributed to the first distribution system, and the power stored in the storage battery by each distribution unit can be efficiently distributed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to the second aspect, the control device is switched by the switching means so that the power from the distributed generation source is distributed to the first distribution system. When the power generation amount of the distributed power source is larger than the amount of power required by the electrical equipment, the power generated by the distributed power source is used as the power facility on the central power source side. It is characterized by controlling so that power may be transmitted.

  According to this configuration, since the control device transmits surplus power generated by the distributed power source to the power facility on the centralized power source side, the surplus power can be effectively utilized without being discarded. .

  Furthermore, for example, when transmitting power to the power facility on the centralized power generation side, the operation cost of the power interchange system can be reduced by performing billing processing according to the amount of power.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to the second or third aspect, when the control device has completed power storage in the storage battery by the second power distribution system, the switching means The power stored in the storage battery is controlled to be distributed to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system while maintaining the state switched to the second power distribution system.

  According to this configuration, when the power generated by the distributed power source is distributed to the storage battery that has been stored, the power stored in the storage battery is distributed to the first distribution system. It is possible to store in the storage battery while using the generated power. As a result, surplus power can be effectively utilized without being discarded.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to the second or third aspect, the control device is configured to switch the switching unit when power storage to the storage battery by the second power distribution system is completed. Control is performed so that the power generated by the distributed power source is switched to the first power distribution system and distributed to the first power distribution system.

  According to this configuration, when the power generated by the distributed power source is distributed to the storage battery that has been stored, the power generated by the distributed power source is distributed to the first distribution system. Energy saving efficiency when consuming electric power from the first distribution system is improved. Furthermore, the surplus power can be effectively utilized without being discarded.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, the control device is configured such that the power stored in the storage battery is supplied to the first power distribution by the third power distribution system. When a reverse power flow is detected through the first power distribution system when power is distributed to the power system, control is performed to stop power distribution to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system. To do.

  According to this configuration, when a reverse power flow is detected when power stored in the storage battery is distributed to the first distribution system via the third distribution system, distribution from the third distribution system to the first distribution system is performed. Is stopped, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the power quality and the influence on the power equipment.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the power interchange system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the control device receives power from only the distributed power source stored in the storage battery. When power is distributed to the first power distribution system by three power distribution systems, if the storage capacity of the storage battery becomes a predetermined value or less, power distribution to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system is stopped. It is characterized by controlling.

  According to this configuration, when the power stored in the storage battery is distributed to the first distribution system via the third distribution system, when the storage capacity of the storage battery becomes a predetermined value or less, the third distribution system Since power distribution to one power distribution system is stopped, power consumption from the storage battery can be regulated.

  Thereby, the electric power used from a storage battery can be ensured at the time of emergency, such as a large-scale power failure, or a disaster, for example.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the power interchange system according to any one of the second to seventh aspects, the control device is configured such that only the distributed generation power source is provided via the second power distribution system of the power distribution unit. The amount of power stored in the common storage battery by the power from the power supply and the amount of power distributed from the storage battery to the first distribution system via the third distribution system coincide with each other in an arbitrarily set period It is characterized by controlling as follows.

  According to this configuration, the amount of power stored in the storage battery and the amount of power distributed from the storage battery to the first distribution system via the third distribution system are controlled to coincide with each other during an arbitrarily set period. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the operating cost of the power interchange system, such as omitting the billing process for the electricity bill for a certain period.

  The invention described in claim 9 for achieving the above object is the control procedure determination device for the power interchange system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the control device includes the power distribution unit. A distribution control state data acquisition unit that acquires each of the distribution control states of the first distribution system, the second distribution system, and the third distribution system as distribution control state data, and evaluates the distribution control state data An evaluation index storage database storing an evaluation index is provided, and the power distribution control state data is evaluated based on the evaluation index stored in the evaluation index storage database.

  According to this configuration, since the control procedure determination device evaluates the distribution control state data representing the distribution state of each distribution unit based on the evaluation index, it is possible to control each distribution unit based on this evaluation. it can. Therefore, the power interchange system is controlled based on the optimum evaluation index, and can appropriately store electricity to the joint storage battery and distribute power from the joint storage battery.

  A tenth aspect of the present invention is the control procedure determining apparatus for the power interchange system according to the ninth aspect, wherein the evaluation index is obtained only from the distributed power source via the second power distribution system of the power distribution unit. Whether the amount of power stored in the common storage battery by the amount of power matches the amount of power distributed from the storage battery to the first distribution system via the third distribution system in an arbitrarily set period An evaluation index for evaluating whether or not is included.

  According to this configuration, the evaluation index of the control procedure determination device includes the amount of power stored in the storage battery and the amount of power distributed from the storage battery to the first distribution system through the third distribution system in an arbitrarily set period. Includes an evaluation index that evaluates whether or not the power supply system matches, so by controlling the power distribution unit based on this evaluation index, operation of the power interchange system such as omitting the billing process of electricity charges for a certain period of time Cost can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the second power distribution system of each power distribution unit can be electrically connected to a common storage battery without being regulated by the Electricity Business Law, and therefore it is not necessary to provide a storage battery for each power distribution unit. . Therefore, the introduction cost of the power interchange system can be reduced.

  As a result, the introduction and spread of the power interchange system can be facilitated, and the self-sufficiency of power by the distributed power source and the commercialization of the business that supplies power from the distributed power source can be promoted. .

  In addition, the power stored together in the joint storage battery can be used efficiently between each power distribution unit via the third power distribution system, or shared between power distribution units that are close to each other in the event of an emergency such as a large-scale power outage or a disaster. The stored electric power can be used effectively.

It is a block diagram explaining the outline of the electric power interchange system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of a structure of the control part which controls the electric power interchange system which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a flowchart explaining the outline of the control procedure of the electric power interchange system which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of a structure of the control procedure determination apparatus which determines the control procedure of the electric power accommodation system which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the selection method of the evaluation parameter | index in each power distribution unit by the evaluation parameter | index selection part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the power distribution control state data based on the evaluation parameter | index by the matching calculating part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure explaining the outline of the selection method of the whole evaluation index of each power distribution unit by the evaluation index selection part of the control procedure determination apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of a power interchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in the figure, the power interchange system 10 is installed in each of the plurality of houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n in a power consumption area where the plurality of houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n are integrated. The plurality of distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n, and the plurality of distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n independently of the plurality of distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. It is provided with one common storage battery 30 provided outside 10-n and electrically connected to each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n.

  In addition, since the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n installed in the houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n all have the same configuration, unless otherwise necessary, The power distribution unit 10-1 installed in the house 1-1 will be described.

  The power distribution unit 10-1 includes a distributed power source having a small-scale power generation facility. In the present embodiment, the power distribution unit 10-1 includes a solar power generation panel 12, and an AC system 14 serving as a first power distribution system.

  In this embodiment, the AC system 14 converts a DC voltage from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 into an AC voltage, and the converted AC voltage is concentrated with a large-scale power generation facility such as a thermal power plant of an electric power company, for example. Along with the AC voltage from the commercial AC distribution line 100 that distributes the electric power from the type power source, it can be distributed (system linkage).

  On the other hand, the power distribution unit 10-1 includes a DC system 16 serving as a second power distribution system that distributes a DC voltage from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12. This DC system 16 is provided in the house 1-1 in parallel with the AC system 14 independently of the AC system 14.

  The DC system 16 and the AC system 14 are connected to each other by a switching unit 20 that selectively switches the power supply from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 to the DC system 16 and the AC system 14. ing.

  That is, when the changeover switch 20 is switched to the AC system 14 side, the DC voltage from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 is supplied to the AC system 14, and when the changeover switch 20 is switched to the DC system 16 side. The DC voltage from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 is supplied to the DC system 16.

  The changeover switch 20 may be configured by hardware or software.

  Each DC system 16 installed in each of the houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n is a single storage battery 30 that is shared by at least two power distribution units 10-1 and 10-2 to 10-n. Is electrically connected.

  That is, the power distribution unit 10-1 and the storage battery 30 are electrically connected via the DC system 16, and only DC power from the solar power generation panel 12 is stored in the storage battery 30 via the DC system 16.

  Furthermore, the power distribution unit 10-1 includes a storage battery system 18 serving as a third power distribution system that distributes power from only the solar power generation panel 12 stored in the storage battery 30 to the AC system 14. The storage battery system 18 converts the DC voltage of the storage battery 30 into an AC voltage, and distributes the converted voltage to the AC system 14.

  Each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n receives power from the centralized power source via the commercial AC power distribution line 100, the service line 102, and the AC system 14 in order. Electric power from the centralized power source is distributed by a so-called individual power receiving method in which 10-2 to 10-n individually receive power.

  The power distribution state of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10 -n having the AC system 14, the DC system 16, and the storage battery system 18 is controlled by the control device 40.

  Next, a specific configuration of each part of power distribution unit 10-1 in the present embodiment will be described.

  The solar power generation panel 12 is a panel configured by connecting a plurality of solar cell modules, and generates a DC voltage according to the amount of sunlight irradiated. Such a solar power generation panel 12 is installed, for example, on the roof portion of the house 1-1, and the generated DC voltage is supplied to the AC system 14 and the DC system 16.

  The AC system 14 includes a power conditioner 14a including a DC / AC converter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage. The power conditioner 14a controls the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 to operate at an operating point at which the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 can be constantly monitored and maximum output can be obtained by maximum power tracking control (MPPT). .

  The AC system 14 is electrically connected to an AC load 14c such as a home appliance in the house 1-1 through an AC distribution board 14b, and supplies power to the AC load 14c.

  On the other hand, the AC system 14 receives AC from the commercial AC distribution line 100 via the service line 102 and the smart meter 11 that has a bidirectional communication function and constantly measures the amount of electric power to manage power sales and power purchases. The voltage is drawn and power is supplied to the AC load 14c in the house 1-1 through the AC distribution board 14b.

  A power sensor 14d is provided between the smart meter 11 and the AC distribution board 14b. The power sensor 14d detects a reverse power flow that is a current from the power distribution unit 10-1 to the commercial AC power distribution line 100.

  The DC system 16 includes a DC / DC converter 16a that boosts or lowers the DC voltage while maintaining the DC voltage. Similarly to the power conditioner 14a, the DC / DC converter 16a is configured to operate the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 at an operating point at which the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 can be constantly monitored and the maximum output can be obtained by maximum power tracking control (MPPT). To control.

  The storage battery system 18 includes a DC / DC converter 18a that boosts or steps down the DC voltage from the storage battery 30 while maintaining the DC voltage, and a power conditioner 18b that includes a DC / AC converter that converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage.

  The electric power stored in the storage battery 30 is distributed to the AC system 14 via the DC / DC converter 18a and the power conditioner 18b.

  The control device 40 controls power distribution by the AC system 14, the DC system 16, and the storage battery system 18 of the power distribution unit 10-1. The configuration of the control device 40 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As illustrated, the control device 40 includes a reverse power flow control unit 42 and a central control unit 44. The reverse power flow control unit 42 is provided between the power sensor 14d and the DC / DC converter 18a of the storage battery system 18, and when the power sensor 14d detects a reverse power flow, the reverse power flow control unit 42 causes an alternating current from the storage battery system 18. Distribution to the grid 14 is stopped.

  On the other hand, the central control unit 44 includes a power distribution control state data acquisition unit 44A, a power distribution procedure data management unit 44B, and a command unit 44C as main components.

  The power distribution control state data acquisition unit 44A acquires the amount of power distributed in the power distribution unit 10-1 detected by the smart meter 11 as the power distribution control state data D1, and the power conditioner 14a, the power conditioner 18b, and the switching The operation state of the switch 20 and the reverse power flow control unit 42 for a certain period is acquired as the distribution control state data D1. The distribution control state data D1 acquired by the distribution control state data acquisition unit 44A is sent to the matching calculation unit 54 of the control procedure determination device 50 described later.

  In the power distribution procedure data management unit 44B, basic power distribution procedures of the AC system 14, the DC system 16, and the storage battery system 18 are set in advance as basic power distribution procedure data D2.

  The power distribution procedure data management unit 44B generates control data D4 by correlating the evaluation index data D3 sent from the evaluation index selection unit 56 of the control procedure determination device 50, which will be described later, with the basic power distribution procedure data D2. 44C is sent out.

  The command unit 44C appropriately commands the power conditioner 14a, the power conditioner 18b, and the changeover switch 20 for a certain period of time based on the control data D4 sent from the power distribution procedure data management unit 44B.

  Each DC system 16 and each storage battery system 18 of each of the power distribution units 10-1 to 10-n having the above configuration are electrically connected to one storage battery 30 as shown in FIG. Composed.

  In addition, although the storage battery 30 uses the lithium ion secondary battery in this Embodiment, it can use suitably if it is not only a lithium ion secondary battery but a storage battery (a capacitor is included).

  Next, the control procedure of the power interchange system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of a control procedure of power interchange system 10 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the drawing, in step S1, when the changeover switch 20 is switched to the AC system 14 side based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44, the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 generates power. The electric power by the DC voltage is supplied to the AC system 14 in step S2. That is, both the power from the commercial AC distribution line 100 and the power from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 are supplied to the AC load 14 c of the AC system 14.

  Note that the amount of power purchased through the AC system 14 is grasped and managed by the smart meter 11.

  In this case, in step S3, when the amount of power generated by the solar power generation panel 12 exceeds the amount of power required by the AC load 14c of the AC system 14, the surplus power generated by the solar power generation panel 12 is By the operation of the power conditioner 14a based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44, power is transmitted to the commercial AC distribution line 100 through the AC system 14 and the smart meter 11.

  In the present embodiment, surplus power generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 transmitted to the commercial AC distribution line 100 is sold to an electric power company that manages the commercial AC distribution line 100 in step S4. .

  In addition, the smart meter 11 grasps and manages the electric power sales amount to the electric power company of the surplus electric power generated with the solar power generation panel 12.

  On the other hand, in step S1, when the changeover switch 20 is switched to the DC system 16 side based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44, for example, the voltage across the terminals of the storage battery 30 in step S5. By detecting this, it is determined whether or not power storage in the storage battery 30 has been completed.

  When it is determined that power storage in the storage battery 30 has not been completed, power storage in the storage battery 30 is executed in step S6.

  If it is determined that power storage in the storage battery 30 has been completed, the changeover switch 20 is switched to the DC system 16 based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44 in step S7. It is determined whether to keep the state as it is or to switch from the DC system 16 to the AC system 14.

  When it is determined that the changeover switch 20 is to be switched from the DC system 16 to the AC system 14, the changeover switch 20 is switched from the DC system 16 side to the AC system 14 side, and the electric power by the DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 12. Is supplied to the AC system 14 in step S2. That is, both the power from the commercial AC distribution line 100 and the power from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 are supplied to the AC load 14 c of the AC system 14.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the changeover switch 20 is kept in the state of being switched to the DC system 16, the state in which the changeover switch 20 is switched to the DC system 16 side is maintained, and the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 Power generated by the generated DC voltage is supplied to the storage battery 30.

  In this state, in step S8, the power stored in the storage battery 30 by the operation of the power conditioner 18b based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44 passes through the storage battery system 18 to the AC system 14. To be supplied. That is, the electric power stored in the storage battery 30 is supplied to the AC load 14 c of the AC system 14.

  In step S9, when the electric power stored in the storage battery 30 is supplied to the AC system 14 through the storage battery system 18 and the power sensor 14d detects a reverse power flow, in step S10, the reverse power flow control unit 42 By the operation, the power supply from the storage battery system 18 to the AC system 14 is stopped.

  On the other hand, in step S9, when the power stored in the storage battery 30 is supplied to the AC system 14 through the storage battery system 18, if the power sensor 14d does not detect the reverse power flow, in step S11, for example, the storage battery 30 By detecting the inter-terminal voltage, it is determined whether or not the remaining capacity of the power stored in the storage battery 30 is equal to or less than a predetermined value (for example, 50% or less).

  When it is determined that the remaining capacity of the electric power stored in the storage battery 30 is equal to or less than a predetermined value set in advance, in step S12, the power conditioner based on the control data D4 from the command unit 44C of the central control unit 44 By the operation of 18b, the power supply from the storage battery system 18 to the AC system 14 is stopped.

  Thus, in the power interchange system 10, each DC system 16 provided in each of the plurality of power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n distributes a DC voltage from the photovoltaic power generation panel 12, Each DC system 16 provided in each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10 -n can be electrically connected to one common storage battery 30 without being regulated by the Electric Power Business Law. .

  Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide the storage battery 30 in each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n, the introduction of the power interchange system 10 having each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. Cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the use of the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 that is most popular among the distributed generation power sources and can be easily installed in ordinary homes facilitates the introduction of the power interchange system 10 and makes the power interchange system 10 versatile. Expanding.

  Furthermore, the power stored in one common storage battery 30 can be used efficiently in a plurality of houses 1-1, 1-2 to 1-n in the power consumption area, or an emergency such as a large-scale power outage The stored electric power can be used effectively, such as sharing between the houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n that are close to each other during times and disasters.

  As described above, in the power accommodation system 10, the distribution state is controlled based on the control data D4. In the present embodiment, the control data D4 is generated based on a control procedure determination device 50 that determines a control procedure of the power accommodation system 10. The control procedure determination device 50 will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control procedure determination device 50 is connected to each control device 40 of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an outline of the configuration of the control procedure determination device 50. As illustrated, the control procedure determination device 50 includes an evaluation index storage database 52, a matching calculation unit 54, and an evaluation index selection unit 56 as main components.

In the present embodiment, the evaluation index storage database 52 stores a fairness index I1, an economic index I2, and a CO ₂ reduction amount index I3.

  The matching calculation unit 54 is an arithmetic processing device formed so as to be accessible to each of the indexes I1 to I3 stored in the evaluation index storage database 52. In the present embodiment, based on these indexes I1 to I3, The distribution control state data D1 acquired by the distribution control state data acquisition unit 44A of the control unit 44 is evaluated.

  The evaluation of the distribution control state data D1 by the matching calculation unit 54 indicates that the actual control of the distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n represented by the distribution control state data D1 is closest to any of the indicators I1 to I3. Evaluate from the point of view.

  5-7 is a figure explaining the outline of the evaluation method of the distribution control state data D1 based on each parameter | index I1-I3 by the matching calculating part 54. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the fairness index I <b> 1 is based on the amount of power stored in the storage battery 30 and the power consumption of the storage battery 30 of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10 -n for a predetermined period. This is an index for evaluating the power distribution control state data D1.

  Specifically, for example, during one month from August to September 2013, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 30 of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 Is the “power storage amount (A)” and the power consumption of the storage battery 30 of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 is expressed as “power consumption from the storage battery ( B) ”, and the distribution control state data D1 is evaluated according to the value of“ difference between (A) and (B) ”obtained by subtracting (B) from (A).

  That is, if the difference between (A) and (B) is 0 (zero) or a value close to 0, it is determined that (A) and (B) match, and “optimum control” is performed in “evaluation”, for example. It is evaluated that.

  On the other hand, if the difference between (A) and (B) is a value that is far from 0, the amount of stored electricity is greater than the amount of power consumed, or the difference between (A) and (B) is a minus value. If there is, the power consumption exceeds the amount of electricity stored, and therefore, “evaluation” is evaluated as “non-optimal control”, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the economic index I2 is based on the power consumption of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n during a certain period, and the power distribution control state data D1 is It is an index to evaluate.

  Specifically, it is set in advance for each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n in consideration of the environmental conditions and power conditions of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. For example, each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2-acquired as power distribution control state data D 1 in one month from August to September 2013 is set as “reduction target power consumption (A)”. The actual power consumption in units of 10-n is defined as “power consumption (B)”, and the power distribution depends on the value of “difference between (A) and (B)” obtained by subtracting (B) from this (A). The control state data D1 is evaluated.

  That is, if the difference between (A) and (B) is 0 (zero) or a value close to 0, the “evaluation” is evaluated as “optimal control”, for example.

  On the other hand, if the difference between (A) and (B) is a value far from 0, the target power consumption exceeds the power consumption, or the difference between (A) and (B) is-(minus). Since the actual power consumption exceeds the target power consumption if the value is, the “evaluation” is evaluated as “non-optimal control”, for example.

  When power is sold to an electric power company, the amount of power sold is subtracted from “power consumption (B)” and evaluated.

As shown in FIG. 7, the CO ₂ reduction index I3 is, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation panel 12 out of the power consumption of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n in a certain period. This is an index for evaluating the power distribution control state data D1 based on the ratio of the power consumption of the power generated in the above.

  Specifically, for example, in one month from August to September 2013, the total power consumption of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 is expressed as “power”. "Consumption (A)", the ratio of the power consumption of the AC system 14 acquired as the distribution control state data D1 in "Power consumption (A)" is "AC system power consumption ratio (B)", and distribution The ratio in the “power consumption (A)” of the power consumption of the storage battery system 18 acquired as the control state data D1 is defined as “power consumption ratio (C) from the storage battery system”.

  In the present embodiment, the “AC grid power consumption rate (B)” includes “a power consumption rate (Ba) from commercial AC power source” and “a power consumption rate (Bb) from grid link”. It is further divided into

  That is, “power consumption (A)” with respect to “power consumption ratio (Ba) from commercial AC power source” of “AC system power consumption ratio (B)” in “power consumption (A)” In “AC system power consumption ratio (B)”, “power consumption ratio (Bb) from grid connection” and “power consumption ratio (C) from storage battery system” are preset threshold values (for example, 60 %) Is evaluated as “optimal control” in “evaluation”, for example.

  On the other hand, when it falls below a preset threshold value, it is evaluated as “non-optimal control” in “evaluation”, for example.

  In addition, in the “power consumption ratio (Ba) of commercial AC power source”, when the power generated using the renewable energy in the commercial AC power source is mixed, the power consumption of the mixed power is , “Power consumption ratio from storage battery system (C)”.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an outline of a method for selecting each evaluation index I1 to I3 in each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n by the evaluation index selection unit 56.

  As illustrated, the evaluation index selection unit 56 determines each control unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n in determining the control procedure of each distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. Based on the result evaluated by the matching calculation unit 54, the optimal evaluation index of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is selected as the evaluation index data D3.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the power distribution unit 10-1, it is evaluated that the matching calculation unit 54 is optimally controlled by the control based on the fairness index I1. The evaluation index selection unit 56 selects the fairness index I1 as the evaluation index data D3.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, in the power distribution unit 10-2, the matching calculation unit 54 has evaluated that it is optimally controlled by the control based on the economic index I2, so that the evaluation index selection unit In 56, the economic index I2 is selected as the evaluation index data D3.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8C, in the power distribution unit 10-n, the matching calculation unit 54 has been evaluated to be optimally controlled by the control based on the CO ₂ reduction index I3. In the evaluation index selection unit 56, the CO ₂ reduction amount index I3 is selected as the evaluation index data D3.

  In this way, the evaluation index data D3 selected for each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is sent from the evaluation index selection unit 56 to each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. Are sent to the distribution procedure data management unit 44B of the central control unit 44 in each of the control devices 40 respectively.

  Each evaluation index data D3 sent to each power distribution procedure data management unit 44B is correlated with the basic power distribution procedure data D2 stored in each power distribution procedure data management unit 44B and generated as control data D4. D4 is sent to the command unit 44C.

  Thereby, each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is controlled based on the control data D4 generated for each, and control based on the optimum evaluation index is executed.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, for example, it is evaluated that the amount of power stored in the storage battery 30 by the power distribution unit 10-1 and the amount of power consumed from the storage battery 30 by the power distribution unit 10-1 coincide with each other for an arbitrary fixed period. When it is done, control based on the fairness index I1 is executed in the power distribution unit 10-1.

  Therefore, when the fairness index I1 is selected and the control based on the evaluation index is executed, the operation cost of the power interchange system 10 can be reduced, such as omitting the billing process of the electricity bill for a certain period. .

  Furthermore, with the introduction of the fairness index I1, the other power distribution units 10-2 to 10-n are also conscious of storing in the common storage battery 30 in order to obtain an evaluation based on the fairness index I1 from the normal time. Can be increased. As a result, it is possible to promote self-sufficiency of power supply at the time of disaster in the plurality of houses 1-1 to 1-n in the power consumption area adopting the power interchange system 10.

  On the other hand, as described above, the control procedure determination device 50 does not select the evaluation index data D3 that can realize the optimal control state for each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n. Based on the selected single evaluation index data D3, a single control data D4 is generated. Based on the generated single control data D4, each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is generated. It can also be controlled as a whole.

  That is, as in the case where each evaluation index data D3 is selected for each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n, the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n as a whole. In order to generate the single control data D4 to be controlled, the single evaluation index data D3 is selected by the control procedure determination device 50.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the entire power distribution control state data D1 of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is evaluated based on the fairness index I1, from August 2013 In one month of September, the amount of electricity stored in the entire storage battery 30 of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 is “power storage amount (A)”, and The power consumption of the entire storage battery 30 of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 is “power consumption from the storage battery (B)”. The distribution control state data D1 is evaluated based on the value of “difference between (A) and (B)” obtained by subtracting (B). The evaluation procedure is the same as described above.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the entire power distribution control state data D1 of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is evaluated based on the economic index I2, each power distribution unit 10- 1, 10-2 to 10-n in consideration of the overall environmental conditions, power conditions, and the like. "Power consumption (A)", for example, during one month from September to October 2013, the entire actual distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the distribution control state data D1 The power consumption of the power supply is “power consumption (B)”, and the distribution control state data D1 is evaluated by the magnitude of the “difference between (A) and (B)” obtained by subtracting (B) from (A). To do. The evaluation procedure is the same as described above.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, when the entire distribution control state data D1 of each of the distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is evaluated based on the CO2 reduction amount index I3, October 2013 -In the month of November, the total power consumption of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 is "power consumption (A)", and power distribution control The ratio in the “power consumption (A)” of the power consumption of the AC system 14 acquired as the state data D1 is “AC system power consumption ratio (B)”, and the storage battery system 18 acquired as the power distribution control state data D1 The ratio of the power consumption in “power consumption (A)” is defined as “power consumption ratio from storage battery system (C)”. “AC system power consumption ratio (B)” is further classified into “power consumption ratio (Ba) from commercial AC power source” and “power consumption ratio (Bb) from system linkage”.

  The evaluation procedure in this case is the same as described above.

  Thus, single evaluation which can optimally control the whole of each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2-10-n among each evaluation index data D3 evaluated based on each evaluation index I1-I3. The index data D3 is selected by the evaluation index selection unit 56.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the evaluation index selection unit 56 is a matching calculation unit 54 that performs optimal control on the entire power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10 -n. Based on the evaluation result, the entire optimum evaluation index of each of the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is selected as the evaluation index data D3.

  In the present embodiment, since the matching calculation unit 54 has been evaluated to be optimally controlled by the control based on the fairness index I1, the evaluation index selection unit 56 determines that the fairness index I1 is the evaluation index data. Selected as D3.

  Thus, the single evaluation index data D3 selected for the entire power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n is sent from the evaluation index selection unit 56 to the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2. To 10-n, each of the control devices 40 is sent to the power distribution procedure data management unit 44B of the central control unit 44.

  The single evaluation index data D3 sent to each power distribution procedure data management unit 44B is correlated with the basic power distribution procedure data D2 stored in each power distribution procedure data management unit 44B and generated as control data D4. Data D4 is sent to command unit 44C.

  Thus, control is performed based on the control data D4 generated for the entire power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n, and control based on the optimum evaluation index is executed.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention. In the above embodiment, the case where the solar power generation panel 12 is used as a distributed power generation source has been described. For example, a wind power generation apparatus using wind power as renewable energy, or hydroelectric power generation using hydropower as renewable energy. An apparatus can also be used.

  In this case, since an AC voltage is generated in the wind power generator and the hydroelectric generator, a DC / AC converter is used instead of the DC / DC converter 16a shown in FIG. 1, and the second power distribution system is an AC system. Thus, the DC / AC converter 18a of the storage battery system 18 can be omitted.

  In the said embodiment, although the case where the storage battery 30 was installed as a joint storage battery in each power distribution unit 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n was demonstrated, the storage battery of what is called an electric vehicle is used as the joint storage battery 30. You can also. Thereby, what is called a car sharing which uses an electric vehicle jointly in the some house 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n is realizable.

  In the above embodiment, when the power interchange system 10 is constructed by providing the power distribution units 10-1, 10-2 to 10-n in the plurality of houses 1-1, 1-2 to 1-n in the power consumption area, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to the houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n. For example, the power interchange system 10 is built in a power consumption area where office buildings, commercial facilities, and the like are integrated (BEMS: Building Energy Management). The power interchange system 10 can also be constructed (FEMS: Factory Energy Management System) in a power consumption area where a plurality of factories are integrated.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the power interchange system 10 is controlled by the control data D4 generated based on the evaluation indexes I1 to I3 using the control procedure determination device 50 has been described. For example, the control procedure determination device 50 Regardless, the power interchange system 10 may be controlled based on a load leveling model set in advance for the plurality of houses 1-1 and 1-2 to 1-n in the power consumption area.

1-1 to 1-n Housing 10 Power interchange system 11 Smart meter 12 Solar power generation panel (distributed power generation)
14 AC system (first distribution system)
16 DC system (second distribution system)
18 Storage battery system (third power distribution system)
20 changeover switch (switching means)
30 Storage Battery 40 Control Unit 44 Central Control Unit 44A Distribution Control Status Data Acquisition Unit 50 Control Procedure Determination Device 52 Evaluation Index Storage Database 54 Matching Calculation Unit D1 Distribution Control Status Data D4 Control Data I1 Fairness Index I2 Economic Index I3 CO ₂ Reduction Quantity indicator

Claims (10)

A first power distribution system that supplies power generated by a centralized power source and power generated by a distributed power source using renewable energy to an electrical facility, and independently supplies the power from the centralized power source. Power interchange system with multiple power distribution units
Each of the power distribution units
A second power distribution system that is electrically independent from the first power distribution system and distributes power from only the distributed power source; and
Switching means for selectively switching power distribution from the distributed power generation source to the first power distribution system or the second power distribution system;
A third power distribution system that distributes power stored in a storage battery that is electrically connected to the plurality of second power distribution systems and independently provided from each power distribution unit to the first power distribution system;
A power interchange system characterized by comprising: Each of the power distribution units
Control to stop switching to the first distribution system by the switching means when distributing power to the first distribution system by the third distribution system;
2. The electric power according to claim 1, further comprising: a control device that controls to stop power distribution to the first power distribution system by the third power distribution system when the switching unit switches to the first power distribution system. A versatile system. The controller is
When the switching means is switched so that the power from the distributed power source is distributed to the first distribution system, the power generation amount of the distributed power source is greater than the power amount required by the electrical equipment. The power interchange system according to claim 2, wherein the power generation system is controlled so that the power generated by the distributed power source is transmitted to the power facility on the central power source side. The controller is
When power storage in the storage battery by the second power distribution system has been completed, the power stored in the storage battery is stored in the third power supply while the switching means maintains the state switched to the second power distribution system. 4. The power interchange system according to claim 2, wherein control is performed so that power is distributed to the first power distribution system by a power distribution system. The controller is
When power storage in the storage battery by the second power distribution system has been completed, the switching means is switched to the first power distribution system to distribute the power generated by the distributed power source to the first power distribution system. The power interchange system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the power interchange system is controlled as follows. The controller is
When power stored in the storage battery is distributed to the first distribution system by the third distribution system, if a reverse power flow is detected through the first distribution system, the third distribution system The power interchange system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein control is performed so as to stop power distribution to the first power distribution system. The controller is
When power from only the distributed power source stored in the storage battery is distributed to the first distribution system by the third distribution system, when the storage capacity of the storage battery is equal to or less than a predetermined value, The power interchange system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein control is performed to stop power distribution to the first power distribution system by a third power distribution system. The controller is
The amount of power stored in the common storage battery by the power from only the distributed power source via the second power distribution system of the power distribution unit, and the first power distribution system from the storage battery via the third power distribution system The power interchange system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the amount of power distributed to the power source is controlled so as to coincide with an arbitrarily set period. It is the control procedure determination apparatus for the electric power interchange system of any one of Claims 2-7,
The controller is
A distribution control state data acquisition unit for acquiring each of the distribution control states of the first distribution system, the second distribution system, and the third distribution system in the distribution unit as distribution control state data;
An evaluation index storage database storing an evaluation index for evaluating the power distribution control state data;
A control procedure determination apparatus for a power interchange system, wherein the power distribution control state data is evaluated based on the evaluation index stored in the evaluation index storage database. The evaluation index is
The amount of power stored in the common storage battery by the power from only the distributed power source via the second power distribution system of the power distribution unit, and the first power distribution system from the storage battery via the third power distribution system The control procedure determination apparatus for a power accommodation system according to claim 9, further comprising an evaluation index for evaluating whether or not the amount of power distributed to the power source coincides with an arbitrarily set period.

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