JP2015014588A - Roller movement measuring device, roller movement measuring method, and roller movement measuring tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller movement measuring device and a roller movement measuring method capable of three-dimensionally measuring a roller movement of a roller bearing.SOLUTION: Three sphere members 10 are placed in a position which overlaps with an end face of a roller of a roller bearing in a normal direction of the end face in a state staying still on the end face and not in a place on a same straight line. The three sphere members 10 are photographed with six infrared cameras and an image analysis is performed to determine trajectory of the rollers three-dimensionally and temporally.

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller behavior measuring device for measuring the behavior of a roller of a roller bearing. The present invention also relates to a roller behavior measuring method for measuring the behavior of a roller of a roller bearing. The present invention also relates to a roller behavior measuring jig used for measuring the behavior of the roller of the roller bearing.

  Conventionally, as a roller behavior measuring device, there is one described in JP 2012-247209 A (Patent Document 1). This roller behavior measuring device measures the behavior of a cylindrical roller of a cylindrical roller bearing. In this roller behavior measuring device, the rotating shaft body fitted with the inner ring is rotated, and the end faces of the rotating shaft body and the marks M1 to M4 formed on the end faces of the rollers are photographed by a video camera. Yes.

  And the rotational speed of a rotating shaft body and a roller is calculated from the locus | trajectory of the marks M1-M4 obtained from the image | photographed image. In addition, the slip rate of the rollers is calculated based on the actual rotation speed of the obtained rotating shaft.

JP 2012-247209 A

  It is estimated that the roller of the self-aligning roller bearing moves not only in skew but also in tilt (up and down direction) and in the front and rear direction. However, the conventional roller behavior measuring device has a problem that not only the roller tilt (vertical direction) and the displacement in the front-rear direction but also the roller skew cannot be measured satisfactorily.

  Then, the subject of this invention is providing the roller behavior measuring apparatus which can measure the behavior of a roller three-dimensionally. Another object of the present invention is to provide a roller behavior measuring method capable of measuring the behavior of a roller three-dimensionally.

  Needless to say, it is preferable that the behavior of the rollers can be measured more precisely in three dimensions. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a roller behavior measuring jig capable of measuring the behavior of a roller three-dimensionally and more precisely.

In order to solve the above problems, the roller behavior measuring device of the present invention is:
An antireflection portion made of a material having a property that light is not easily reflected, and is arranged so as to cover an end face on one side in the axial direction of the rollers arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of the roller bearing;
Three or more markers arranged on the end face so as to be stationary with respect to the end face at a position overlapping with the normal direction of the end face, and spaced apart from each other and not located on the same straight line When,
A light-emitting element that emits light; and a light-receiving element that receives light reflected by the three or more markers among the light emitted from the light-emitting element, and is based on the light received by the light-receiving element Marker measurement means for measuring the locus of each marker,
A three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit that calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers based on a signal from the marker measurement means;
And a roller posture demarcating section for demarcating the posture of the roller based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers.

  In this specification, a material that hardly reflects light is defined as a material having a reflectance lower than that of the marker. In addition, this condition is adjusted in consideration of the amount of light emitted from the marker measurement unit, and the marker and the antireflection unit are separated to the extent that the marker measurement unit can distinguish between the marker and the antireflection unit. If there is a difference in reflectance, it will be satisfied.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to measure the trajectories of three or more markers that are stationary with respect to the end face of the roller and are not on the same straight line with the light emitted from the marker measuring means. Therefore, since three or more relative positions with respect to the end face of the roller can be determined, the existence position of the roller can be specified. Therefore, by measuring the posture of the roller over time by the marker measuring means, the behavior of the roller can be measured three-dimensionally, not only the skew of the roller, but also the movement of the roller in the tilt (vertical direction) direction, Even the back and forth movement (axial direction) of the roller can be detected. Conventionally, there has been no technical idea of grasping the behavior of a roller that can almost only see one end face in the axial direction by three-dimensionally analyzing it using three or more markers.

In one embodiment,
One of the three or more markers is arranged at a position overlapping the rotation center of the roller on the end face of the roller in the normal direction.

  According to the above embodiment, since one marker is arranged at a position overlapping the rotation center of the roller on the end face of the roller in the normal direction of the end face, the locus of the center position of the end face of the roller can be detected. Therefore, the rotational movement of each marker other than the one marker with respect to the center position can be detected with high accuracy, the behavior of the end face of the roller can be measured extremely easily, and the behavior of the roller can be detected extremely easily.

In one embodiment,
The roller posture demarcating unit demarcates the position of the end surface of the roller from the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers, and demarcates the posture of the roller based on the position of the end surface.

  According to the above embodiment, first, since the position of the end face of the roller that serves as a reference for marker placement is defined, the posture of the roller can be defined easily and accurately.

In one embodiment,
The roller has a centering function with respect to the outer ring and the inner ring,
An inclination amount in the skew direction and an inclination amount in the tilt direction of the roller are calculated and calculated.

  According to the embodiment, it is possible to acquire the amount of inclination in the skew direction and the amount of inclination in the tilt direction of the roller. Therefore, not only the position of the roller in the skew direction but also the roller of the self-aligning roller bearing that may fluctuate even in the tilt direction of the roller. Can be detected. Conventionally, the detection of the tilt amount in the tilt direction of the roller using three or more markers has not been performed.

In one embodiment,
The amount of axial displacement of the roller is calculated.

  According to the above embodiment, the axial displacement amount of the roller can be obtained. Therefore, in a roller having a centering function, such as a roller of a self-aligning roller bearing that may fluctuate even in the axial direction of the roller, the behavior of the roller can be accurately detected. Conventionally, detection of even the amount of axial displacement of a roller using three or more markers has not been performed.

In one embodiment, the antireflection portion is an end face covering member attached to the end face of the roller,
The end surface covering member has three or more holes for attaching the three or more markers.

  According to the above embodiment, since the end surface covering member attached to the end surface of the roller has three or more holes for attaching three or more markers, the three or more markers are positioned relative to the end surface of the roller. It can be securely fixed to the end face covering member in a precise state. Therefore, the roller behavior can be accurately detected over a long period of time. If the marker attachment position is deviated, it causes an error in analysis, so that it is required to attach as accurately as possible.

The roller behavior measuring method of the present invention is
An antireflection part arranging step of arranging an antireflection part made of a material that hardly reflects light so as to cover an end face on one side in the axial direction of the roller arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of the roller bearing; ,
A marker placement step of placing three or more markers at positions overlapping the end face in the normal direction of the end face so as to be stationary with respect to the end face and spaced from each other and not on the same straight line; ,
A marker trajectory measuring step in which light reflected by the three or more markers among the light emitted from the light emitting element is received by the light receiving element, and the trajectory of each marker is measured based on the light received by the light receiving element. When,
A three-dimensional coordinate calculation step of calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers based on the locus of each marker;
A roller posture defining step for defining the position and posture of the roller based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers.

  According to the present invention, since three or more relative positions with respect to a specific part of the roller can be determined, the position and posture of the roller can be determined, and the behavior of the roller can be measured three-dimensionally. Further, by measuring the posture of the roller over time, the behavior of the roller can be tracked three-dimensionally, and the three-dimensional complicated movement of the roller can be analyzed.

In one embodiment,
A first straight line connecting the origin marker and the first axis marker is orthogonal to a second straight line connecting the origin marker and the second axis marker, and the origin marker and the first axis are orthogonal to each other. The origin marker, the first axis marker, and the normal line of the plane including the axis marker and the second axis marker, and the first straight line extend in a substantially horizontal direction. A coordinate determination preparation step for arranging the second axis marker on an axial end face of a rotating body that rotates around a central axis that becomes a rotation center when the roller bearing rotates;
The extending direction of the first straight line is set to the extending direction of the first axis, the extending direction of the second straight line is set to the extending direction of the second axis, and the extending direction of the normal line is set to And a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step for setting in the extending direction of the third axis,
The coordinate determination preparation step and the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step are performed before the marker locus measurement step.

  The first axis, the second axis, and the third axis are each axis of a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system.

  The present inventor has found that it is difficult to ensure a desired accuracy in the measurement of the behavior unless the three-dimensional coordinates for tracking the behavior of the roller are accurately set before measuring the behavior of the roller.

  According to the above embodiment, the normal line of the plane including the origin marker, the first axis marker, and the second axis marker, and the first straight line extend in the substantially horizontal direction, while the second With the straight line extending in a substantially vertical direction, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates can be calculated with the above markers as references. Therefore, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates for tracking the behavior of the roller can be constituted by the first and third axes orthogonal to each other on a substantially horizontal plane and the second axis extending in a substantially vertical direction. Therefore, the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates that track the roller behavior can be configured in the horizontal and vertical directions, which are universal and absolute scales and can be determined with high accuracy. It can measure with high accuracy.

In one embodiment,
After a rotation center measurement marker is attached to a part of the rotation shaft body that is spaced from the center axis of the rotation shaft body to which the roller bearing is fixed, the rotation shaft body is rotated to measure the rotation center. A rotation center calculation step of observing the locus of the marker for rotation and calculating the rotation center of the marker for rotation center measurement based on the locus.

  According to the embodiment, a point on the central axis of the rotating shaft body to which the roller bearing is fixed can be measured. Therefore, it is possible to translate the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates so that the third axis passes through the rotation center. For example, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates for tracking the roller by using the rotation center as the origin. Can be determined uniquely. Therefore, in each experiment, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates can be determined accurately and uniquely, so that the roller behavior can be measured with high accuracy, and the data analysis of the roller behavior can be performed remarkably easily.

In one embodiment,
The distance between the origin marker and the first axis marker is different from the distance between the origin marker and the second axis marker.

  According to the embodiment, the first axis extending in the substantially horizontal direction and the second axis extending in the substantially vertical direction can be easily and clearly distinguished.

In one embodiment,
The coordinate determination preparation step
The origin marker, the first axis marker, and the second axis marker are placed on the axial end surface of the rotating body that rotates about the central axis that is the center of rotation when the roller bearing rotates. An orthogonal marker arrangement step for arranging the first straight line connecting the marker for the first axis and the first axis marker so that the second straight line connecting the origin marker and the second axis marker is orthogonal;
After the orthogonal marker arranging step, the first axis horizontal direction arranging step of extending the first straight line in a substantially horizontal direction by rotating the rotating body.

  According to the above embodiment, the first straight line can be easily extended in the substantially horizontal direction only by adjusting the rotation phase of the rotation of the rotating body. Therefore, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates configured in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be realized remarkably easily.

Further, the roller behavior measuring jig of the present invention is
The base is formed of an integral plate having a front side surface composed of a flat surface and a back side surface composed of a plane substantially parallel to the front side surface, and a base portion, a first extension portion extending from the base portion in a first direction, and the base portion A second extending portion extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the first extending portion is from a plane including the normal direction of the front side surface and the first direction. A main body having a side surface,
A level meter that is disposed on a plane including the side surface portion and that can determine whether the side surface portion is on a horizontal plane;
An origin marker placed on the front side and on the base;
On the front side surface, a first axis marker disposed at a location that is spaced from the origin marker in the first direction;
On the front side, a second axis marker is provided at a position that is spaced from the origin marker in the second direction.

  According to the present invention, since the level meter exists on the side surface portion of the first extending portion of the plate material having the front side surface and the back side surface substantially parallel to each other, the side surface portion is accurately placed on the horizontal plane by the level meter. Can be positioned high. That is, with the level meter, accuracy can be ensured, the first straight line connecting the origin marker and the first axis marker can be extended in the horizontal direction with high accuracy, and the origin marker and the second axis can be used. The second straight line connecting the marker can also be extended in the vertical direction with high accuracy. Accordingly, the origin marker, the first axis marker, and the second axis marker are measured by the marker measuring means, and the first straight line and the second straight line are used as the axes constituting the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates. The three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates for tracking the behavior of the roller can be set with high accuracy, and accordingly, the behavior of the roller can also be measured with high accuracy.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a roller behavior measuring device capable of measuring the behavior of a roller in three dimensions and a roller behavior measuring method capable of measuring the behavior of a roller in three dimensions.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the roller behavior measuring apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a model perspective view which shows the periphery of the end surface of the one side of the axial direction of one roller of a self-aligning roller bearing. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the principle of the measurement of the behavior of the roller of the said roller behavior measuring apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the said roller behavior measuring apparatus. It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of control of the said roller behavior measuring apparatus. It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 4 of the roller behavior measuring apparatus of the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the roller behavior measuring apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view when the jig | tool for a roller behavior measurement is seen from the front. It is a figure for demonstrating the usage method of the said jig | tool for roller behavior measurement. It is a schematic diagram showing the periphery site | part of the rotating shaft body in the middle of performing the rotation center calculation process. It is a figure showing the locus | trajectory which the marker for a rotation center measurement draws. It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of the control until it calculates the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate axis of the roller behavior measuring apparatus of 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a roller behavior measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this roller behavior measuring device (hereinafter simply referred to as a measuring device) includes six identical infrared cameras 1 as marker measuring means and an integral frame member (not shown). Although not shown, each infrared camera 1 includes a light emitting element made of a semiconductor laser element or a light emitting diode, and a light receiving element made of a photodiode or the like. Each infrared camera 1 detects the position of the object to be measured by receiving light (near infrared light) emitted from the light emitting element and reflected by the object to be measured by the light receiving element.

  The six infrared cameras 1 are fixed to the frame member and cannot move relative to each other. With the six infrared cameras 1 fixed to the frame member, the centers of gravity of the infrared cameras 1 are substantially on the same plane, and the optical axes of the light emitted from the light emitting elements of the infrared cameras 1 (light emitting elements) (The axis of rotational symmetry of the light emitted from the light source) is in the normal direction of the plane. The center of gravity of each infrared camera 1 is located on the same circle centered on one point on the plane. The centers of gravity of the six cameras 1 located on the circle are located at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the circle.

  This measuring device is adapted to detect the behavior of convex rollers (spherical rollers, hereinafter simply referred to as rollers) 3 of the self-aligning roller bearing 2. The frame member is fixed at a position where the center axis of the circle substantially coincides with the center axis P of the self-aligning roller bearing. Further, in this state, the plane on which the six centroids are located is located at an axial distance from the axial end surface 8 of the self-aligning roller bearing. The axial distance between the plane and the end face 8 of the self-aligning roller bearing can be appropriately determined based on specifications so that the amount of light received by the light receiving element is increased, For example, it can be set to 50 to 60 cm, can be set to 40 to 90 cm, and can be set to other lengths. Further, the radius of the circle in which the center of gravity is arranged can be determined as appropriate based on the specifications.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the periphery of one end face in the axial direction of one roller of the self-aligning roller bearing.

  As shown in FIG. 2, this measuring device includes a black black tape 5 as an example of an end face covering member and three identical spherical members 10, and the black tape 5 includes a plurality of spherical roller bearings. One roller 3 of the rollers is affixed to one end face in the axial direction with an adhesive substance. The spherical member 10 constitutes a marker, and the black tape 5 constitutes an antireflection part. The black tape 5 completely covers the end face of the roller 3. The black tape 5 has a property that light is hardly reflected. The reflectance of the black tape 5 is lower than the reflectance of the surface of the spherical member 10. The reflectance of the spherical member 10 is adjusted so that the amount of light emitted from the infrared camera 1 is taken into account and adjusted so that the spherical member 10 and the black tape 5 can be distinguished from each other by the infrared camera 1. It is different from the reflectivity.

  It is essential that the antireflection portion made of black tape or the like has a property that light is not easily reflected. This is because if the antireflection part arranged so as to cover the end surface on one side in the axial direction of the roller has a property that light is easily reflected, the amount of noise light reflected by the antireflection part This is because the signal light reflected by the marker becomes difficult to recognize and it becomes difficult to accurately measure the roller behavior.

  Each of the sphere members 10 is formed by coating and wrapping a resin sphere with a reflective seal 19. Each spherical member 10 is fixed on the black tape 5 with an adhesive. The three spherical members 10 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the same circle centered on the center of the end face of the roller 3.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of measuring the behavior of the roller 3 of this measuring apparatus. In FIG. 3, the six infrared cameras 1 are numbered from 1 to 6. In this measuring apparatus, each infrared camera 1 emits infrared rays from a light emitting element of each infrared camera 1 in a wide range, and the light reflected by any of the spherical members 10 among the light emitted in the wide range, The light receiving element of each infrared camera 1 receives light. And the position of the three spherical member 10 is pinpointed based on the light received with the light receiving element. If the three points can be specified, the position of the surface and the direction of the surface (normal direction, etc.) are determined, so that the position of the end surface of the roller 3 and the direction of the surface can be specified from the three-dimensional coordinates of the three spherical members 10.

  The coordinates (position) of the marker (in the first embodiment, the spherical member 10) described in the examples (including the first embodiment and the following second embodiment) are the center of the marker. Means the coordinates. This is because it is preferable to use the center coordinates of the marker as the marker coordinates in view of easy setting and ease of work. In particular, when a marker is formed by coating a sphere with a reflective sheet member (which also includes a reflective seal 19) and wrapping it, the coordinates of the marker are defined as the center of the sphere, which is the center of the marker. It is preferable to do. However, the marker coordinates are not necessarily limited to the center of the marker. An arbitrary point on the surface of the marker or an arbitrary point inside the marker other than the center of the marker may be set as the coordinate of the marker. In consideration of the shape and structure of the marker, ease of measurement, ease of calculation, and the like, an arbitrary point of the marker is appropriately set as marker coordinates.

  And the three-dimensional position and attitude | position of the roller 3 on a three-dimensional coordinate are determined from the end surface of the roller 3, and the information of the shape of the roller 3. FIG. In this measuring apparatus, each infrared camera 1 performs this operation continuously. Each infrared camera 1 tracks the behavior of the roller 3 three-dimensionally, and the change in the position of the roller 3 is projected as an animation on the monitor. Briefly described, this measuring apparatus detects the spherical shape of the three spherical members 10 by performing image processing on images taken by the respective infrared cameras 1. In addition, this measuring apparatus has six infrared cameras 1, so that there is no blind area, and the behavior of the roller 3 is continuously tracked while the roller 3 makes one rotation. Yes.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of this measuring apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 4, this measuring apparatus includes a control device 30 including a CPU, a monitor 31, and an information storage device 32 in addition to the infrared camera 1. The control device 30 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory for storing programs and data, and an I / F (Interface) for inputting / outputting data to / from each unit. The control device 30 and the monitor 31 can be constituted by, for example, a personal computer or a work station. The information storage device 32 includes a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a flash memory, and the like, and can record data. The information storage device is configured as a part of a computer, an information device, or the like, and includes a component that records and holds data, and a drive that drives the component to read and write. In the case of an optical disc (CD / DVD / blue light disc, etc.) device, the drive and the media are separated. Needless to say, the drive and the medium can be integrated as in a hard disk or a USB memory.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 30 includes a three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40, a roller posture definition unit 41, a skew direction inclination amount calculation unit 42, a tilt direction inclination amount calculation unit 43, and an axial displacement amount. And a calculation unit 44. The three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40 receives a signal from the infrared camera 1 by wire or wireless, and calculates and calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three spherical members 10 based on the received signal. It has become. Further, the roller posture demarcating unit 41 demarcates the posture of the roller 3 based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the three spherical members 10 calculated by the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40.

  Specifically, first, the roller posture demarcating section 41 demarcates the position of the end face of the roller 3 from the three-dimensional coordinates of the three spherical members 10. In general, a surface can be expressed by three unknown equations such as aX + bY + cZ = 1. Therefore, if three-dimensional coordinates of three points can be specified, the orientation of the surface such as the position of the end surface and the normal direction can be calculated by substituting into the equation. Can be specified.

  The roller posture demarcation unit 41 uniquely demarcates the roller posture based on the existence position of the end surface (including information on the posture of the end surface) and information on the shape of the roller associated with the end surface. It has become. Since the position and orientation of the end face of the roller are specified as described above, the posture of the roller can be calculated from the roller shape and the positional relationship between the rotation center axis and the end face. Here, in many cases, the center position of the end face coincides with the rotation center of the roller, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the roller end face. Further, the roller shape information necessary for posture calculation is stored in a storage device such as a memory of the control device 30 described above. As shown in FIG. 2, since the three spherical members 10 do not exist on a straight line, the positions of the three spherical members 10 can be specified, and the existing positions of the outer surfaces of the rollers can always be specified uniquely.

  Further, the skew direction inclination amount calculating unit 42 receives a signal from the roller attitude defining unit 41 and receives a predetermined time (any time can be used as the predetermined time, for example, any time of 30 seconds or less can be used). The inclination amount (angle) of the central axis of the roller in the skew direction is calculated every time. In addition, the tilt direction inclination amount calculation unit 43 receives a signal from the roller posture defining unit 41 and receives a predetermined time (any time can be used as the predetermined time, for example, any time of 30 seconds or less can be used). The tilt amount (angle) of the central axis of the roller in the tilt direction is calculated every time. Further, the axial displacement amount calculating unit 44 receives a signal from the roller posture defining unit 41, and can adopt any time (for example, any time of 30 seconds or less can be used as the predetermined time). In addition, the displacement amount in the axial direction is calculated.

  In addition, referring to FIG. 4, the monitor 31 receives a signal from the roller posture defining unit 41. The monitor 31 is adapted to project the change over time of the contour of the roller 3 based on a signal from the roller posture defining unit 41 in an animated manner. In addition, the information storage device 32 is configured to store information on changes over time in the shape (contour) of the roller 3 based on a signal from the roller posture defining unit 41. The information storage device 32 receives a signal from the skew direction inclination amount calculation unit 42 and stores the inclination amount in the skew direction every predetermined time. In response, the tilt amount in the tilt direction is stored every predetermined time. The information storage device 32 receives a signal from the axial displacement calculation unit 44 and stores the axial displacement every predetermined time.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the outline (rough flow) of the control of the roller behavior measuring device.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the roller behavior measuring device starts measurement, first, in step S1, each infrared camera 1 emits light, and each infrared camera 1 emits the emitted light and The light reflected by the three spherical members 10 is received. In step S <b> 2, the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40 receives a signal from each infrared camera 1 and calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three spherical members 10. Further, in step S3, based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three spherical members 10 calculated by the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40, the roller posture defining unit 41 specifies the end face of the roller and defines the roller posture. It is like that.

  Subsequently, in step S4, the skew direction inclination amount calculation unit 42 determines the inclination of the central axis of the roller in the skew direction every predetermined time based on the roller posture information defined by the roller posture definition unit 41 every predetermined time. The tilt direction tilt amount calculation unit 43 calculates the tilt amount of the central axis of the roller in the tilt direction every predetermined time, and the axial displacement amount calculation unit 44 calculates the axial displacement amount every predetermined time. Is calculated. Further, on the monitor 31, the change over time of the contour of the roller 3 is displayed as an animation on the monitor 31 based on the information on the posture of the roller every predetermined time defined by the roller posture defining unit 41.

  Thereafter, in step S5, the information storage device 32 receives a signal from the control device 30, and receives information on the temporal change in the shape of the roller 3, the skew amount in the skew direction, the tilt amount in the tilt direction, and the displacement amount in the axial direction. It comes to memorize. And operation | movement from step S1 to step S5 is performed continuously until a roller behavior measuring apparatus stops.

  According to the first embodiment, it is possible to measure the trajectories of the three spherical members 10 that are stationary with respect to the end surface of the roller 3 and are not on the same straight line with the light emitted from the infrared camera 1. Therefore, since the three relative positions with respect to the end surface of the roller 3 can be determined, the existence position of the roller 3 can be specified. Therefore, by measuring the posture of the roller 3 over time by the infrared camera 1, the behavior of the roller 3 can be measured three-dimensionally, and not only the skew of the roller 3 but also the movement in the tilt (vertical direction) direction, Even movement in the front-rear direction can be detected. Conventionally, there has been no technical idea of grasping the behavior of a roller that can almost only see one end face in the axial direction by three-dimensionally analyzing it using three or more markers.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the roller posture defining unit 41 defines the position of the end face of the roller 3 from the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three spherical members 10, and based on the position of the end face. The posture of the roller 3 is defined. Accordingly, since the position of the end face of the roller 3 which is a reference for the installation of the spherical member 10 as a marker is first defined, the posture of the roller 3 can be easily and accurately defined.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, since the roller 3 is a roller of a self-aligning roller bearing, not only the position of the roller 3 in the skew direction but also the position of the roller 3 in the axial direction and the tilt of the roller 3 Even the position of the direction can be detected. Conventionally, there has been no technique for detecting even the position of the roller in the axial direction or the position of the roller in the tilt direction using three or more markers.

  In the first embodiment, six infrared cameras 1 are provided. However, in the present invention, the number of marker measuring means may be any number of one or more. This is because it is sufficient to provide one marker measuring means in the specification where there is no blind spot. It is preferable to provide four or more marker measuring means from the viewpoint of tracking the good roller behavior, and from the viewpoint of reliably tracking the roller behavior, it is preferable to provide six or more marker measuring means.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, the six infrared cameras 1 are centered on the extension line of the center axis | shaft of a self-aligning roller bearing, and on the circle | round | yen which exists on the plane which makes this extension line a normal line And arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. However, in the present invention, the plurality of marker measuring means are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a circle having a center on an extension line of the central axis of the roller bearing and a plane having the extension line as a normal line. You may arrange | position by the space | interval which is not. This is because, depending on the specification, there may be a position that is easy to detect and a position that is difficult to detect.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, the six infrared cameras 1 are centered on the extension line of the center axis | shaft of a self-aligning roller bearing, and on the circle | round | yen which exists on the plane which makes this extension line a normal line Arranged. However, in this invention, it is not necessary to arrange a plurality of marker measuring means on the same plane with the extended line of the central axis of the roller bearing as a normal line. This is because it may be possible to accurately analyze the behavior of the roller by arranging the marker measuring means so that the positions in the axial direction from the roller bearings are different. In the present invention, in the case of having a plurality of marker measuring means, each marker measuring means can detect the roller marker at at least a part of the phase during one rotation of the roller regardless of the position of the other marker measuring means. It may be arranged at any position.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the spherical member 10 was attached only to one roller of the some roller which a self-aligning roller bearing has, in this invention, of the some roller which a roller bearing has. Markers may be attached to two or more rollers.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the three spherical member 10 was arrange | positioned in the position which rests with respect to the end surface of the roller 3, in this invention, four or more markers are attached to a roller so that it may not be located on a straight line. You may arrange | position so that it may stand still with respect to an end surface.

  In the first embodiment, the marker measuring means is the infrared camera 1 and the marker measuring means emits near infrared rays. In the present invention, the light emitted from the marker measuring means is not limited to near infrared rays or infrared rays. Visible light or the like may be used, and light having any wavelength may be used. This is because if the measurement is performed in a dark region such as a dark room, the measurement can be performed with visible light or the like.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the spherical member 10 formed by coating the resin-made sphere with a reflective tape was used as a marker, in this invention, the ball | bowl of a metal ball bearing is used suitably as a marker. it can. In this case, if a concave portion such as a spot fixing portion (preferably a concave portion having a spherical shape corresponding to the shape of a part of the ball) is provided on the end surface of the roller, the ball as a marker is provided on the end surface of the roller. It is preferable because it can be positioned with high accuracy. Since the ball of the ball bearing has a metallic luster, easily reflects light, and has a precise spherical shape, the detection of the behavior is much easier and much more accurate.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the marker was carrying out the substantially spherical shape by the spherical body member 10, in this invention, the shape of a marker may be any shape other than a sphere. As the shape of the marker, for example, a quadrangular pyramid or a cubic shape can be suitably used. This is because the quadrangular pyramid and the cube have a flat surface, so that it becomes easy to fix the marker to the end face of the roller. In the present invention, a flat sphere or disk having an elliptical cross section can be suitably used as the marker.

  In the first embodiment, the roller 3 whose behavior is measured is a convex roller (spherical roller) having a centering function. In the present invention, the roller whose behavior is measured is a cylindrical roller. It may be a tapered roller. In the present invention, the behavior can be measured at any time as long as the entire area of one end face in the axial direction can be detected by light from the outside in the axial direction while being held by the cage.

  In the first embodiment, the black black tape 5 as an example of the end face covering member covers the entire area of the end face of the roller. However, in this invention, the end face covering member covers the entire area of the end face of the roller. There is no need, and it may be configured to cover only a part of the end face of the roller. This is because a portion that is not covered with the end face covering member at the end face of the roller may be covered with a marker.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, the black tape 5 as an end surface coating | coated member did not have the hole which attaches the spherical member 10. FIG. However, in this invention, the end surface covering member may have three or more holes for attaching three or more markers. In this way, three or more markers can be reliably fixed to the end surface covering member with a precise relative position with respect to the end surface of the roller, so that the behavior of the roller can be accurately detected over a long period of time.

  In the first embodiment, the end face covering member is a black tape. However, in the present invention, the end face covering member may be a well-known resin member or a metal oxide member having a light shielding property. . Further, the antireflection portion may be formed without using the end surface covering member. For example, the antireflection portion may be a well-known light-shielding film directly formed on the end surface of the roller. Needless to say, any material having a light shielding property can be used as the material of the antireflection portion.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the spherical member 10 did not exist in the center of the end surface of the roller 3, in this invention, it overlaps with the normal direction of the end surface of a roller on the autorotation center of the roller on the end surface of a roller. It is preferable if a marker exists at the position. FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 of a measurement apparatus as an example of a modification. In addition to the three spherical members 10, the measuring device of the modification shown in FIG. 6 further adds one member that is the same as the spherical member 10 in addition to the three spherical members 10. This is different from the first embodiment in that one (indicated by 60 in FIG. 6) is arranged at a position overlapping the center of the roller in the normal direction of the end face of the roller.

  According to this modification, one spherical member 60 of the four identical spherical members 10 and 60 is arranged at a position overlapping with the rotation center of the roller on the roller end surface in the normal direction of the roller end surface. Therefore, the locus of the center position of the end face of the roller can be detected, and the rotational motion of each spherical member 10 other than the one spherical member 60 with respect to the central position can be detected with high accuracy. Moreover, the revolution state of the roller can be grasped by setting the locus of the rotation center position of the roller. Therefore, the behavior of the end face of the roller can be measured remarkably easily, and the behavior of the roller can be detected remarkably easily. In the normal direction of the roller end surface, the number of markers other than the marker arranged at the position overlapping the roller rotation center on the roller end surface does not have to be three as in this modification, and may be two. Four or more is acceptable.

  In addition, as is clear from the above description, in the first embodiment, the antireflection portion made of a material that does not easily reflect light is provided with a roller shaft disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring of the roller bearing. The antireflection part arranging step for covering the one end surface in the direction, and the same position in the normal direction of the end surface at the position where the end surface overlaps with the end surface at a distance from each other and spaced from each other. Marker arranging step of arranging three or more markers so as not to be on a straight line, and light reflected by the three or more markers out of the light emitted from the light emitting element is received by the light receiving element, and the light receiving element A marker trajectory measuring step for measuring the trajectory of each marker based on the light received in step 3, and a three-dimensional coordinate calculating step for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers based on the trajectory of each marker. More than three above In method based on chromatography mosquitoes each of the three-dimensional coordinates and a roller position defining step of defining the position and attitude of the roller, the measuring device has to track the movement of the roller. However, it goes without saying that the technical idea of the three-dimensional measurement of the behavior described above can be applied to rolling bearing members other than rollers, for example, balls during a hub fretting test, divided segment cages, etc. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a rolling bearing member capable of irradiating light from the outside in the axial direction.

  This is because in the above description, the roller is replaced with a rolling bearing member, and the antireflection portion arrangement is arranged in which at least a part of the outer surface of the rolling bearing member is made of a material that does not easily reflect light. And at least a part of the outer surface at a position overlapping at least a part of the outer surface in a normal direction with respect to the rolling bearing member and at a distance from each other and on the same straight line And at least a part of the region where the three or more markers can exist when the rolling bearing including the rolling bearing member is in operation. Of the emitted light, the light reflected by the three or more markers is received, and the marker trajectory measuring step for measuring the trajectory of each marker, and the three based on the trajectories of each marker. A three-dimensional coordinate calculation step of calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the upper markers, and a position / posture definition step of defining the position and posture of the rolling bearing member based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers If the behavior measurement is performed, the three or more positions of the rolling bearing member can be determined, the behavior of the rolling bearing member can be measured three-dimensionally, and the trajectory of the behavior of the rolling bearing member can be obtained over time. Because it can.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the roller behavior measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a block diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 in the first embodiment.

  The roller behavior measuring device of the second embodiment is different from the roller behavior measuring device of the first embodiment only in the control device 130, and all other configurations are the same as those of the roller behavior measuring device of the first embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. In the second embodiment, descriptions of the same effects and modifications as in the first embodiment are also omitted.

  As illustrated in FIG. 7, the control device 130 according to the second embodiment includes a three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 140, a roller posture definition unit 141, a skew direction inclination amount calculation unit 142, a tilt direction inclination amount calculation unit 143, An axial displacement amount calculation unit 144, a provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145, a rotation center calculation unit 146, and a measurement coordinate calculation unit 147 are included.

  The three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 140 performs the same calculation as the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 40 of the first embodiment, and the roller posture definition unit 141 performs the same calculation as the roller posture definition unit 41 of the first embodiment. The direction inclination amount calculation unit 142 performs the same calculation as the skew direction inclination amount calculation unit 42 of the first embodiment. The tilt direction inclination amount calculation unit 143 performs the same calculation as the tilt direction inclination amount calculation unit 43 of the first embodiment, and the axial direction displacement amount calculation unit 144 performs the axial direction displacement amount calculation unit of the first embodiment. The same calculation as 44 is performed. Each of the temporary measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 and the rotation center calculation unit 146 can receive a signal from each of the six infrared cameras 1 constituting the marker measurement unit. The measurement coordinate calculation unit 147 can receive a signal from the provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 and can also receive a signal from the rotation center calculation unit 146.

  In the roller behavior measurement method of the second embodiment, the roller behavior is measured using the following roller behavior measurement jig.

  FIG. 8 is a front view of the roller behavior measuring jig 150 as viewed from the front.

  The roller behavior measuring jig (hereinafter simply referred to as a jig) 150 includes a main body 151 made of an integral plate, a level meter 152, an origin marker 153, a first axis marker 154, and a second axis. An axis marker 155. Each of the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155 is formed by coating a resin sphere with a reflective seal and wrapping it. The origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155 are the same, and are the same as the spherical member 10 of the first embodiment.

  The main body 151 has a front side surface 170 and a back side surface. Each of the front side surface 170 and the back side surface is a flat surface. The front side surface 170 is substantially parallel to the back side surface.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the main body 151 has a so-called difference shape, and has a substantially L-shape in the front view shown in FIG. 8. The main body 151 includes a base 160, a first extension 161, and a second extension 162, and the base 160 has a rectangular front shape. The main body 151 can be made of resin, metal, or the like. It is preferable that the main body 151 is made of resin because weight reduction can be achieved.

  The first extending portion 161 extends from the base portion 160 in the first direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 8, while the second extending portion 161 extends from the base portion 160 in the second direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. It is extended. The first direction is orthogonal to the second direction.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the first extending portion 161 has a first side surface portion 166 that is a plane, and the first side surface portion 166 includes the first direction and a normal direction of the front side surface 170. Is included. The second extending portion 162 includes a second side surface portion 167 that is a flat surface, and the second side surface portion 167 includes the second direction and the normal direction of the front side surface 170.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the base portion 160 has a third side surface portion 168 and a fourth side surface portion 169. The third side surface portion 168 is an extended surface obtained by extending the first side surface portion 166 in the first direction, and is connected to the first side surface portion 166. The second side surface portion 169 is an extended surface obtained by extending the second side surface portion 167 in the second direction, and is connected to the second side surface portion 167. The third side surface portion 168 is orthogonal to the fourth side surface portion 169, and the third side surface portion 168 is in contact with the fourth side surface portion 169 at the corner portion 171.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the level meter 152 is disposed on a plane including the first side surface portion 166. Specifically, the level meter 152 is fixed to a flat portion extending over the first side surface portion 166 and the third side surface portion 168. The level meter 152 has a display unit 172. The level meter 152 can determine whether or not the first side surface portion 166 on which the level meter 152 is installed is on a horizontal plane.

  Although not shown, the jig 150 has a magnet, and the magnet is fixed on the back side surface. The attracting surface to the other member in the magnet is a flat surface. The plane of the magnet extends parallel to the front side surface 170.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the origin marker 153 is disposed on the front side surface 170 and the base portion 160. Further, the first axis marker 154 is disposed on the front side surface 170 at a position that is spaced from the origin marker 153 in the first direction, while the second axis marker 155 is On the front side surface 170, they are arranged at locations that are spaced from the origin marker 153 in the second direction. The first axis marker 154 is disposed on the first extending portion 161, and the second axis marker 155 is disposed on the second extending portion 162. As shown in FIG. 8, the distance between the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 is shorter than the distance between the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155.

  FIG. 9 is a view for explaining how to use the jig 150.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the jig 150 is attached to the axial end surface of the rotating body that rotates around the central axis that is the center of rotation when the roller bearing rotates by the magnet. . In the example shown in FIG. 9, the jig 150 is attached to the end surface 183 on one side in the axial direction of the inner ring 182 of the roller bearing 181. In FIG. 9, reference number 180 indicates a rotating shaft body, and reference number 185 indicates an outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft body 180.

  In the measurement of the behavior of the roller according to the second embodiment, all the steps described in the measurement of the behavior of the roller according to the first embodiment (antireflection portion placement step, marker placement step, marker locus measurement step, three-dimensional coordinate calculation step) And a roller posture defining step). In addition, since description of these processes is the same as 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In addition, in the measurement of the behavior of the roller of the second embodiment, in addition to those steps, a coordinate determination preparation step, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate provisional setting step, a rotation center calculation step, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step, Is performed before the marker locus measuring step.

  Here, the coordinate determination preparation step is executed by performing the first axis horizontal direction placement step after performing the orthogonal marker placement step, as will be described below. First, referring to FIG. 9, in the orthogonal marker arrangement step, the rotating shaft body 180 is extended in the horizontal direction, and the roller bearing is externally fitted onto the rotating shaft body 180 and fixed. Thereafter, the jig 150 is attached to the end face 183 by attaching the magnet of the jig 150 to the end face 183 on one side in the axial direction of the inner ring 182 as an example of the rotating body. In this way, the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis are provided on the end face in the axial direction of the rotating body that rotates around the central axis that is the center of rotation when the roller bearing rotates. The marker 155 is arranged so that the first straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 and the second straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 154 are orthogonal to each other. To do. In addition, at this time, a place other than the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155, where the emitted light from the marker measuring means (consisting of six infrared cameras 1) arrives. In addition, stick a maxing tape (masking tape, marking tape) or wet the place where the emitted light reaches with a black pen so that the light is not easily reflected at the place where the emitted light reaches. .

  Next, a first axis horizontal direction arranging step is performed. In the first axis horizontal direction arranging step, the inner ring 182 is rotated relative to the rotating shaft 180 so that the jig 150 is positioned at a position indicating that the display unit 172 of the level meter 152 is horizontal. In this way, the first straight line of the jig 150 is extended in the horizontal direction.

  Subsequently, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate provisional setting step is performed. In the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate provisional setting step, the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155 are measured by the six infrared cameras 1 constituting the marker measurement means. Thereafter, the provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 receives signals indicating the positions of the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155 from the six infrared cameras 1. The provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 includes a straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 and an extension line of the X axis as an example of the first axis. The straight line connecting the second axis marker 155 and its extension constitute the Y axis as an example of the second axis, and further, the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker. The normal line of the plane where 155 is located and its extension constitute the Z axis as an example of the third axis, and the position of the origin marker 153 represents the provisional three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates constituting the origin. It comes to calculate.

  Subsequently, a rotation center calculation step is performed. In this center-center calculation step, first, a mixing tape is attached to a position where light emitted from the six infrared cameras 1 reaches the rotary shaft 180 and the roller bearing, or the emitted light reaches. The portion is wetted with a black pen so that the light is not easily reflected at the portion where the emitted light reaches.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, that is, a schematic diagram showing the peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 180 during the rotation center calculation step, the rotation center measuring marker 187 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 185 of the rotating shaft 180. paste. The rotation center measuring marker 187 is the same as the origin marker 153 and the like, and is the same as the spherical member 10 of the first embodiment. In FIG. 10, only the inner ring 182 is shown for the roller bearing, and the other members are not shown.

  Thereafter, the locus of the rotation center measuring marker 187 is measured by the six infrared cameras 1 while rotating the rotating shaft 180.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a trajectory drawn by the rotation center measurement marker 187.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the rotation center measurement marker 187 moves on a circle 188. The rotation center calculation unit 146 receives signals representing the locus of the rotation center measurement marker 187 from the six infrared cameras 1. The rotation center calculation unit 146 specifies a plane on which the circle 188 exists based on a signal representing the trajectory, and calculates the center P of the circle 188.

  Thereafter, a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting process is performed. In this three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step, the measurement coordinate calculation unit 147 uses the signal representing the provisional three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate information from the temporary measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 and the rotation center measurement from the rotation center calculation unit 146. A signal representing the rotation center P of the marker 187 is received. And based on these information, the provisional three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate is translated, the extending direction of each axis coincides with the provisional three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate, and the origin of the coordinate is A three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate coinciding with the center P of the circle 188 is calculated. Then, the marker trajectory measurement step and the three-dimensional coordinate calculation step are performed using the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates as measurement coordinates.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an outline of control until a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate axis serving as a reference when the roller behavior measuring device of the second embodiment performs measurement is calculated.

  In FIG. 12, S <b> 1 indicates step S <b> 1 in FIG. 5 that shows an overview of the control of the first embodiment. Also in the control of the second embodiment, the control after step S1 is the same as the control of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  Before starting the control, first, the jig 150 is prepared. The first straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 extends in the horizontal direction, while the second straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155 is in the vertical direction. In the extended state, the jig 150 is rotated in the axial direction of the rotating body (in the second embodiment, the inner ring 182) that rotates around the central axis of the rotation center of the roller bearing disposed in the substantially horizontal direction. Attach to the side edge.

  Then, step S01 is performed. First, in step S01, the light emitted from each infrared camera 1 and reflected by the three coordinate measurement markers 153, 154, and 155 is received.

  Next, in step S02, a signal from each infrared camera 1 is received by the provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145, and the provisional measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 uses the extending direction of the first straight line as the X axis and the second straight line. A provisional three-dimensional coordinate axis is calculated with the extending direction as the Y axis, the extending direction of the rotating body as the Z axis, and the intersection of the first straight line and the second straight line as the origin.

  Thereafter, the jig 150 is removed, and one rotation center measuring marker 187 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface 185 of the rotary shaft 180 on which the roller bearing is fitted. In step S03, the marker is measured by each infrared camera 1 while the rotary shaft 180 is rotated.

  Subsequently, in step S04, the rotation center calculation unit 146 receives a signal from each infrared camera 1, and calculates the rotation center P of the locus of the circle 188 drawn by the marker.

  Thereafter, in step S05, the measurement coordinate calculation unit 147 receives the signal from the temporary measurement coordinate calculation unit 145 and the signal from the rotation center calculation unit 146, and sets an axis parallel to each axis of the temporary three-dimensional coordinate axis. A measurement three-dimensional coordinate axis having the origin and the rotation center P is calculated. Based on the measurement three-dimensional coordinate axis, the behavior of the roller is measured in the next step S1 and subsequent steps.

  According to the second embodiment, the normal of the plane including the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155, the origin marker 153, and the first axis marker 154 The first straight line connecting the markers 153 extends in a substantially horizontal direction, while the second straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155 extends in a substantially vertical direction. Three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates can be calculated with reference to 153, 154, and 155. Therefore, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates for tracking the roller behavior can be constituted by the first and third axes orthogonal to each other on a substantially horizontal plane and the second axis extending in a substantially vertical direction. Therefore, the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates that track the roller behavior can be configured in the horizontal and vertical directions, which are universal and absolute scales and can be determined with high accuracy. It can measure with high accuracy.

  Further, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to measure the point (rotation center) P located on the central axis of the rotating shaft body 180 on which the roller bearing is fitted. Therefore, it is possible to translate the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates so that the third axis passes through the rotation center P. For example, the three-dimensional orthogonal tracking the roller by using the rotation center P as the origin. Coordinates can be uniquely determined. Therefore, in each experiment, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates can be determined accurately and uniquely, so that the roller behavior can be measured with high accuracy, and the data analysis of the roller behavior can be performed remarkably easily.

  Further, according to the second embodiment, since the distance between the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 is different from the distance between the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155, the substantially horizontal direction. The first axis extending in the direction and the second axis extending in the substantially vertical direction can be easily and clearly distinguished.

  Further, according to the second embodiment, after the orthogonal marker placement step, the inner ring 182 is rotated to extend the first straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 in a substantially horizontal direction. Therefore, the first straight line can be easily extended in the substantially horizontal direction only by adjusting the rotational phase of the rotation of the inner ring 182. Therefore, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates configured in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be realized remarkably easily.

  Further, according to the jig 150 of the second embodiment, the level meter 152 exists on the first side surface portion 166 of the first extending portion 161 of the plate material having the front side surface 170 and the back side surface substantially parallel to each other. Therefore, the level meter 152 can position the first side surface portion 166 with high accuracy on the horizontal plane, and the level meter 152 can ensure accuracy. Therefore, the first straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 can be extended in the horizontal direction with high accuracy, and the second line connecting the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155 is provided. Straight lines can also be extended in the vertical direction with high accuracy. Therefore, the origin marker 153, the first axis marker 154, and the second axis marker 155 are measured by each infrared camera 1, and the first straight line and the second straight line are axes that constitute three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates. By doing so, the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinates for tracking the behavior of the roller can be set with high accuracy, and accordingly, the behavior of the roller can also be measured with high accuracy.

  In the second embodiment, the first straight line extends in the horizontal direction by rotating the inner ring 182 in a state where the relative position of the jig 150 with respect to the inner ring 182 does not change based on the numerical value of the level meter 152. I tried to do it. However, according to the present invention, the relative position of the jig with respect to the jig fixing portion for fixing the jig is changed each time based on the numerical value of the level meter so that the first straight line extends in the horizontal direction. May be. In other words, in this invention, the coordinate determination preparation step includes the origin marker and the first axis marker on the axial end surface of the rotating body that rotates around the central axis that is the center of rotation when the roller bearing rotates. A first line connecting the origin marker and the first axis marker, and a second line connecting the origin marker and the second axis marker. An orthogonal marker arranging step for arranging the first straight line and a first axis horizontal arranging step for extending the first straight line in a substantially horizontal direction by rotating the rotating body after the orthogonal marker arranging step. It is not necessary to use it.

  In the second embodiment, the distance between the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 is shorter than the distance between the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker 155. The distance between the marker for the first axis and the marker for the first axis may be longer than the distance between the marker for the origin and the marker for the second axis, or may be the same as the distance between the marker for the origin and the marker for the second axis. .

  Moreover, in the said 2nd Embodiment, the main-body part 151 of the jig | tool 150 had a metal-like shape, and had the front L-shape. However, in this invention, the main body portion of the jig does not have to have a front L-shape, and may have a front T-shape, a front rectangular shape, or the like. In the present invention, the main body portion of the jig is formed of an integral plate having a front side surface formed of a plane and a back side surface formed of a plane substantially parallel to the front side surface, and extends in the first direction from the base portion. A first extending portion and a second extending portion extending from the base portion in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, wherein the first extending portion is a normal of the front side surface Any shape may be used as long as it has a side surface portion composed of a plane including the direction and the first direction. In the case where the main body portion has a front rectangular shape, for example, the base portion may be constituted by a part around one corner of the rectangular main body portion, and the main body portion also belongs to the first extension portion. Alternatively, it may have a portion that does not belong to the second extending portion and does not belong to the base portion.

  As in the second embodiment, if the main body 151 of the jig 150 is a differential member having an L-shaped front surface, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is preferable that the jig 150 can be efficiently arranged without taking a space.

  In the second embodiment, the jig 150 is fixed to the end surface 183 in the axial direction of the inner ring 182 that is externally fitted and fixed to the rotary shaft 180. However, in this invention, the rotary body is the rotary shaft. The jig may be fixed to the end surface on one side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft body. In the present invention, the jig may be fixed to the end face in the axial direction of any member that rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft body.

  In the second embodiment, the coordinate determination preparation step and the rotation center calculation step are performed after fixing the roller bearing on the rotary shaft 180. In the present invention, the coordinate determination preparation step, At least one of the center calculation steps may be performed in a state where the roller bearing is not fixed to the rotating shaft.

  In the second embodiment, in the rotation center calculation step, the rotation center P of the rotation center measurement marker 187 fixed on the outer peripheral surface 185 of the rotary shaft body 180 is measured, and the rotation center P is measured as a measurement coordinate. The origin of However, in the present invention, the center position of the origin marker 153 after the coordinate determination preparation step may be used as the origin of the measurement coordinates without performing the rotation center calculation measurement.

  In the second embodiment, the extending direction of the first straight line connecting the origin marker 153 and the first axis marker 154 is the X axis extending direction, and the origin marker 153 and the second axis marker are set. The extending direction of the second straight line connecting 155 is defined as the extending direction of the Y axis, and the normal direction of the plane including the first straight line and the second straight line is defined as the extending direction of the Z axis. However, in the present invention, the extending direction of the first straight line connecting the origin marker and the first axis marker, the extending direction of the second straight line connecting the origin marker and the second axis marker, and the first It goes without saying that each of the normal directions of the plane including one straight line and the second straight line may be set in any extending direction of the X, Y, and Z axes.

  Moreover, in the said 2nd Embodiment, although the measurement coordinate was determined by the measurement of the six infrared cameras 1, in this invention, you may determine a measurement coordinate by the measurement of a number of marker measurement means other than six.

  Moreover, in the said 2nd Embodiment, although the rotation center calculation process was performed after the coordinate determination preparation process, in this invention, you may perform a coordinate determination preparation process after a rotation center calculation process. In the present invention, each process newly added in the second embodiment can be performed at any timing as long as the coordinate determination preparation process and the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting process are performed before the marker trajectory measurement process. It may be done. Needless to say, if there is a rotation center calculation step, the rotation center calculation step must also be performed before the marker locus measurement step.

  When measuring the roller behavior, if there is a phase in which data cannot be measured and the data becomes discontinuous, the roller behavior cannot be accurately determined.

  Therefore, in the present invention, when measuring the behavior of the roller, the number of marker measuring means constituted by an infrared camera or the like is preferably, for example, 9 or 10, and preferably 9 or more. . Further, in the present invention, when measuring the behavior of the roller, three rollers having a behavior measurement marker fixed at all times (when the roller exists in any phase with respect to the rotation center of the roller bearing). It is preferable to be able to measure with the above marker measuring means. The present inventor has found that if these conditions are satisfied, the data will not be interrupted, continuous data can be reliably acquired, and the behavior of the rollers can be reliably measured if these conditions are satisfied.

  Moreover, this inventor has also discovered that the behavior of a roller can be measured reliably and efficiently as the pixel of each infrared camera is 100-150 pixels. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to set the number of pixels of each marker measuring means constituted by an infrared camera or the like to 100 to 150.

  In the present invention, transmission / reception of each signal may be performed by wire or wirelessly. In the present invention, the rotating shaft body to which the roller bearing is fixed is a shaft member, and the roller bearing may be fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft body, or the rotation to which the roller bearing is fixed. The shaft body may be a cylindrical member, and the roller bearing may be fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating shaft body. Moreover, in this invention, in the measurement of the roller behavior, the antireflection portion (maxing tape (masking tape, marking tape) is provided at all the locations where the light from the marker measuring means reaches and the marker does not exist. Needless to say, it is preferable to use a black pen or the like. Of course, it is possible to construct a new embodiment by combining two or more of the configurations described in the first and second embodiments and the modifications.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Infrared camera 2 Self-aligning roller bearing 3 Roller 5 Black tape 10 Spherical member 19 Reflective seal 30,130 Control apparatus 31 Monitor 40,140 Three-dimensional coordinate calculating part 41,141 Roller attitude | position definition part 60 Roller in the center of the end surface of a roller Sphere member arranged at a position overlapping with the normal direction of the end face of 145 Temporary measurement coordinate calculation unit 146 Rotation center calculation unit 147 Measurement coordinate calculation unit 150 Roller behavior measurement jig 151 Body unit 152 Level meter 153 Origin marker 154 First 1-axis marker 155 2nd-axis marker 160 base 161 first extension 162 162 second extension 166 first side 170 front surface 180 rotating shaft body 181 roller bearing 182 roller bearing inner ring 183 inner ring axial direction One end face 185 Rotational shaft outer peripheral surface 187 Rotation center measurement marker

Claims (11)

An antireflection portion made of a material having a property that light is not easily reflected, and is arranged so as to cover an end face on one side in the axial direction of the rollers arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of the roller bearing;
Three or more markers arranged on the end face so as to be stationary with respect to the end face at a position overlapping with the normal direction of the end face, and spaced apart from each other and not located on the same straight line When,
A light-emitting element that emits light; and a light-receiving element that receives light reflected by the three or more markers among the light emitted from the light-emitting element, and is based on the light received by the light-receiving element Marker measurement means for measuring the locus of each marker,
A three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit that calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers based on a signal from the marker measurement means;
A roller behavior measuring device comprising: a roller posture demarcating unit that demarcates the posture of the roller based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers. In the roller behavior measuring device according to claim 1,
One of the three or more markers is arranged at a position overlapping with the center of rotation of the roller on the end face of the roller in the normal direction. In the roller behavior measuring device according to claim 1 or 2,
The roller posture demarcating unit demarcates the position of the end surface of the roller from the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers, and demarcates the posture of the roller based on the position of the end surface. Roller behavior measuring device. In the roller behavior measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The roller has a centering function with respect to the outer ring and the inner ring,
A roller behavior measuring apparatus, characterized by calculating an inclination amount in a skew direction and an inclination amount in a tilt direction of the roller. In the roller behavior measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A behavior measuring apparatus for calculating an axial displacement amount of the roller. In the roller behavior measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The antireflection portion is an end face covering member attached to the end face of the roller,
The roller end face measuring member has three or more holes for attaching the three or more markers. An antireflection part arranging step of arranging an antireflection part made of a material that hardly reflects light so as to cover an end face on one side in the axial direction of the roller arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of the roller bearing; ,
A marker placement step of placing three or more markers at positions overlapping the end face in the normal direction of the end face so as to be stationary with respect to the end face and spaced from each other and not on the same straight line; ,
A marker trajectory measuring step in which light reflected by the three or more markers among the light emitted from the light emitting element is received by the light receiving element, and the trajectory of each marker is measured based on the light received by the light receiving element. When,
A three-dimensional coordinate calculation step of calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers based on the locus of each marker;
A roller behavior measuring method comprising: a roller posture defining step for defining a position and a posture of the roller based on the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the three or more markers. In the roller behavior measuring method according to claim 7,
A first straight line connecting the origin marker and the first axis marker is orthogonal to a second straight line connecting the origin marker and the second axis marker, and the origin marker and the first axis are orthogonal to each other. The origin marker, the first axis marker, and the normal line of the plane including the axis marker and the second axis marker, and the first straight line extend in a substantially horizontal direction. A coordinate determination preparation step for arranging the second axis marker on an axial end face of a rotating body that rotates around a central axis that becomes a rotation center when the roller bearing rotates;
The extending direction of the first straight line is set to the extending direction of the first axis, the extending direction of the second straight line is set to the extending direction of the second axis, and the extending direction of the normal line is set to And a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step for setting in the extending direction of the third axis,
A roller behavior measurement method, wherein the coordinate determination preparation step and the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate setting step are performed before the marker locus measurement step. In the roller behavior measuring method according to claim 8,
After a rotation center measurement marker is attached to a part of the rotation shaft body that is spaced from the center axis of the rotation shaft body to which the roller bearing is fixed, the rotation shaft body is rotated to measure the rotation center. A roller behavior measurement method comprising: a rotation center calculation step of observing a locus of the marker for rotation and calculating a rotation center of the rotation center measurement marker based on the locus. In the roller behavior measuring method according to claim 7 or 8,
A roller behavior measuring method, wherein a distance between the origin marker and the first axis marker is different from a distance between the origin marker and the second axis marker. The base is formed of an integral plate having a front side surface composed of a flat surface and a back side surface composed of a plane substantially parallel to the front side surface, and a base portion, a first extension portion extending from the base portion in a first direction, and the base portion A second extending portion extending in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the first extending portion is from a plane including the normal direction of the front side surface and the first direction. A main body having a side surface,
A level meter that is disposed on a plane including the side surface portion and that can determine whether the side surface portion is on a horizontal plane;
An origin marker placed on the front side and on the base;
On the front side surface, a first axis marker disposed at a location that is spaced from the origin marker in the first direction;
A roller behavior measuring jig, comprising: a second axis marker disposed on the front side surface at an interval in the second direction with respect to the origin marker.

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