JP2015014392A - Solar heat collection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar heat collection device capable of collecting solar heat efficiently at low cost.SOLUTION: A solar heat collection device 1 has a plurality of pieces of reflection lines 2 and a light receiving line 3. The reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction, and a plurality of sheets of reflection mirrors 4 are installed. The solar heat collection device 1 includes: east-west angle adjustment means capable of adjusting angles of a reflection surface 6 individually in the east-west direction by a heliostat mechanism 7; and north-south angle adjustment means capable of adjusting the angles individually in a north-south direction. The east-west angle adjustment means has a rotary drive motor and a transmission. The rotary drive motor is provided one by one at each row of the reflection mirrors, and rotationally drives the plurality of sheets of the reflection mirrors in series via the transmission. The transmission adjusts the angle of the reflection surfaces individually by transmitting to each of the plurality of sheets of reflection mirrors in series and rotationally driving them. The light receiving line is set at a home position above being orthogonal to the reflection lines, and one unit of receiver 5 collects heat of the reflection light of the sunlight from the plurality of sheets of reflection mirrors.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus that collects heat by reflecting sunlight toward a receiver by a reflecting mirror.

In the past, energy has been obtained from fossil fuels such as petroleum. In recent years, however, these fossil fuels have been depleted, greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide emitted from the use of these fossil fuels, and also for the purchase of fossil fuels. Cost (fuel cost) is a problem.
Therefore, sunlight that can be regenerated and does not require fuel costs has attracted attention as one of new energy sources.

  There are several types of solar heat collecting devices that use this sunlight as an energy source due to the difference in the sunlight condensing method (see Patent Document 1, etc.). Among these, for example, there are types of heat collecting devices called trough type, linear Fresnel type, and tower type.

Here, the trough-type heat collecting device reflects sunlight by using a bowl-shaped parabolic mirror, collects the reflected light on a receiver, and collects solar heat.
In addition, the linear Fresnel-type heat collector has a plurality of reflecting mirrors installed on a plurality of reflecting lines set in parallel in the north-south direction, and on a light receiving line set in the north-south direction above these reflecting mirrors. A receiver is installed, and sunlight is reflected by a reflecting mirror and condensed on the receiver to collect solar heat.
Further, the tower-type heat collecting device collects solar heat by collecting sunlight reflected by a plurality of reflecting mirrors arranged around the tower on a receiver provided on the tower.

JP 2012-63086 A

As described above, various concentrating methods are used in the solar heat collecting apparatus. However, it cannot be said that these methods can sufficiently collect heat from the sunlight, which is an energy source. There is a need for solar collectors that can be heated.
That is, in the above-described light condensing method such as a tower type, the aberration is large depending on the time zone (for example, the time zone other than 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock, such as 9 o'clock), and image blurring / distortion is generated. It is difficult to collect light efficiently. Therefore, it cannot be stably collected on the receiver during the day. As shown in FIG. 14, the light intensity is high near the center (the center of the condensed image), and the light is condensed in a divergent state where the intensity is low except near the center. In places where the intensity is low, such as near the center, it is difficult to effectively use the light and heat energy collected there, resulting in substantial loss.

As described above, in the conventional condensing method, the aberration becomes large, and there is an inefficient aspect in collecting sunlight and collecting solar heat. Therefore, first, the present inventor has found that by using a cross linear type condensing method, aberration can be reduced and sunlight can be efficiently condensed.
A cross linear type heat collecting apparatus has a plurality of reflecting mirrors installed on a plurality of reflecting lines set in parallel in the north-south direction, and is orthogonal to the reflecting lines above these reflecting mirrors (that is, in the east-west direction). (Ii) A receiver is installed on the set light receiving line, sunlight is reflected by a reflecting mirror and condensed on the receiver to collect solar heat.

  Moreover, since a solar heat collecting device generally requires a vast land for its installation, it is expensive. In order to minimize the land area required for such installation and reduce costs, it is necessary to further increase the light collection rate. Therefore, the present inventor conducted intensive research on a method for increasing the light collection rate in the cross linear type light collection method, and paid attention to angle adjustment of the reflecting mirror.

  First, the principle of the cross linear condensing method will be briefly described. FIG. 10 shows an example of the positional relationship between the sun, the receiver, and the reflector at the time of equinox. Sunlight is reflected toward the receiver by a single reflecting mirror located at the center O of the celestial sphere. On the projection surface, a path is projected on the celestial sphere where sunlight enters the reflecting mirror and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting mirror travels toward the receiver.

  In the cross linear type, a plurality of such reflecting mirrors are installed along the north-south direction. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 11 shows two reflecting mirrors. As shown in FIG. 11, since sunlight is incident on each reflecting mirror from the same direction in each celestial sphere, the path of light on the projection plane has the same pattern with respect to any reflecting mirror. However, the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror is considered to be smaller as the position is farther from the receiver.

However, strictly speaking, as shown in FIG. 12, the angles (the north-south direction and the east-west direction) of the reflecting surface for reflecting to the receiver slightly differ depending on the position of the reflecting mirror. That is, in order to reflect sunlight to the receiver R, the reflecting mirror M ₁ is angle-adjusted so that the reflecting surface is perpendicular to the straight line M ₁ P that bisects the ∠SM ₁ R. On the other hand, in the reflecting mirror M ₂ , the angle of the reflecting surface is adjusted to be perpendicular to a straight line M ₂ P ′ that bisects ∠SM ₂ R, and is different from the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror M ₁ .

Therefore, if you adjust the angle of multiple reflectors with different installation positions in the same direction, even if one reflector can reflect sunlight toward the receiver at the optimum angle, it is optimal for another reflector. The light is reflected at an angle slightly deviated from the angle.
Therefore, the present inventor has found that if the angle adjustment of the reflection surfaces in the east-west direction and the north-south direction can be individually adjusted, the light can be collected with higher accuracy and the heat collection efficiency can be further improved.

For example, the angle adjustment in the east-west direction can be performed by providing a rotary ring and a fine adjustment actuator.
Here, the rotating ring is connected to a plurality of reflecting mirrors on the reflecting line. By rotating the rotating ring, the reflecting mirrors are simultaneously rotated at the same angle to roughly adjust the east-west angle. It is. In addition, a fine adjustment actuator is provided for each reflecting mirror, and the reflecting mirror whose angle is roughly adjusted by the rotating ring is further rotated individually using the forward and backward movement of the fine adjusting actuator. This is to fine-tune the east-west angle.
However, in particular, since only the angle adjustment in the east-west direction is adjusted in two steps as described above, it is costly to prepare a fine adjustment actuator for each reflecting mirror.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, Comprising: It aims at providing the solar-heat collector which can collect solar heat efficiently at low cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a solar heat collecting apparatus having a plurality of reflection lines and one or more light receiving lines, wherein the plurality of reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction. A plurality of reflecting mirrors that reflect sunlight are installed in series on the reflection line of each row, and the reflecting mirrors follow the movement of the sun to reflect the angle of the reflecting surface. A heliostat mechanism that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of reflectors individually in the east-west direction and in the north-south direction. The east-west angle adjusting means includes a rotation drive motor and a transmission, and the rotation drive motor is provided in each row of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in series. The rotation drive modes are provided one by one. The plurality of serial reflecting mirrors are driven to rotate in the east-west direction via the transmission by the rotational driving of the motor, and the transmission drives the rotational driving of the rotational driving motor based on the gear ratio. Each of the plurality of reflecting mirrors is rotated and driven to individually adjust the east-west angle of the reflecting surface, and the one or more light receiving lines are orthogonal to the plurality of reflecting lines. A receiver is installed on each light receiving line, and the receiver collects heat of reflected sunlight from the plurality of reflecting mirrors. A solar heat collecting apparatus is provided.

  In this way, first, since the above-described heliostat mechanism is provided and the reflection line and the light receiving line are the above-described cross linear type solar heat collecting apparatus, the solar collecting device can be used at any time of day. Aberrations can be reduced with respect to light. Since the blurring and distortion of the image formation can be suppressed, as shown in FIG. 13, the portion with high intensity is more extensive as compared with the conventional condensing method in which the light intensity is increased only near the center as described above. Thus, uniform light collection is possible. It does not have a divergent shape as in the conventional method, and the degree of light collection is high even at locations other than the vicinity of the center, so that energy loss can be prevented and light can be collected stably and efficiently during the day.・ It is possible to collect heat.

  Furthermore, it has the east-west angle adjusting means and the north-south angle adjusting means as described above, and has a control structure for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflector, which adjusts the east-west angle and the north-south direction. They are divided into those that adjust the angle. In this way, the control can be simplified by dividing the angle into the east-west direction and the north-south direction, and the accuracy can be greatly increased. That is, the angle of the reflecting surface can be adjusted easily, at low cost, and with high accuracy. Therefore, sunlight is easily reflected toward the receiver at an appropriate angle, and the heat collection efficiency can be improved also from this point.

  In addition, the angle of the reflecting surfaces of multiple reflecting mirrors can be adjusted individually in both the east-west direction and the north-south direction, so when reflecting sunlight more accurately toward the receiver, It is possible to adjust the slight angle accordingly. For this reason, it can collect and collect heat with higher precision.

  As described above, the sunlight can be sufficiently collected and the heat collection efficiency is high, so that the range of the receiver and the reflecting mirror to be installed can be reduced as necessary. In this case, it is possible to reduce the cost of the solar heat collector and the land area required to install it, and it is relatively difficult to prepare a vast land for installing the solar heat collector. Can also be installed.

Furthermore, since the angle adjustment means in the east-west direction is composed of a rotation drive motor provided in each row of a plurality of reflecting mirrors and a transmission, the angle adjustment means in the east-west direction is adjusted for each reflecting mirror. There is no need to prepare a fine adjustment actuator, and the cost can be reduced as compared with an adjustment means including a rotating ring and a fine adjustment actuator.
In addition, in the adjusting means comprising the rotating ring and the fine adjustment actuator, it is necessary to move the fine adjustment actuator forward and backward in addition to rotating the rotation ring. In the present invention, the rotational drive motor is rotationally driven. The angle of the reflecting surface can be adjusted via the transmission alone. That is, since the number of objects to be directly driven and controlled can be reduced, the angle can be easily adjusted.

  More specifically, the transmission is provided between the plurality of serial reflection mirrors and connects adjacent reflection mirrors, or the plurality of serial reflection mirrors. Between adjacent reflecting mirrors, and further provided on one of the reflecting mirrors in series, and any one of the transmissions is connected to the rotary drive motor. The gear ratio is set according to the position of the reflecting mirror at the one end or the positions of the reflecting mirrors adjacent to each other, and the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor is transmitted via the transmission to the rotational speed. The reflecting mirror connected to the drive motor is driven to rotate, and the rotational drive of the reflecting mirror connected to the drive motor is transmitted to the adjacent reflecting mirror via the transmission, and the other reflecting mirrors connected in series. Mirror rotates together It can be made to be dynamic.

  If this is the case, the angle adjustment in the east-west direction of the reflecting surface is further improved than the complicated control such as the adjusting means including the T-bone and the adjusting means including the rotating ring and the fine adjustment actuator. It can be performed simply.

  At this time, the transmission connected to the rotation drive motor may include a pulley or a gear and a belt or a chain connecting the pulley or the gear to the rotation drive motor.

  If it is such, it will be with a simple structure and can transmit the rotational drive of a rotational drive motor to a reflective mirror.

  Alternatively, a drive shaft extends from the rotational drive motor, and the drive shaft is rotationally driven by the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor, and the transmission includes the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors. The transmission ratio is set in accordance with the position of the reflecting mirror to be attached, and is connected to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is driven by the rotational drive motor. The rotational drive is transmitted to each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors based on the transmission ratio, and the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors are rotationally driven.

  Also by such a thing, angle adjustment of the east-west direction of a reflective surface can be performed much more simply.

  At this time, a transmission attached to each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors includes a driven pulley or driven gear connected to the reflecting mirror, and a driving pulley or driving gear provided on the drive shaft. And a belt or chain for connecting the driven pulley or driven gear to the driving pulley or driving gear.

  If it is such, it will be a simple structure and can transmit the rotational drive of the drive shaft by the rotational drive of a rotational drive motor to a reflective mirror.

  The drive shaft may be configured by connecting a plurality of mini drive shafts via a coupler.

  If this is the case, it is easy to assemble and disassemble the drive shaft, and even if the drive shaft is long and not easy to carry as it is, disassemble it into the mini drive shaft and coupler. Can be transported easily.

  Further, the transmission gear ratio is set based on the position of any one of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors, and the rotational drive of the rotary drive motor is It can be controlled on the basis of the angle of the reflecting surface of any one of the reflecting mirrors.

  In this way, if the position or angle of any one of the reflecting mirrors is a reference one, the setting of the transmission ratio of each transmission and the control of the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor can be easily performed.

  In particular, the transmission gear ratio is set with reference to the position of the central reflecting mirror located at the center of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors. It can be controlled on the basis of the angle of the reflecting surface of the central reflector.

The ideal angle of rotation of the reflecting surface in the east-west direction with respect to the position of the sun is different for each reflecting mirror. Further, the value of the deviation fluctuates up and down throughout the day, but the fluctuation range of the deviation value increases as the distance from the reference reflector increases.
Therefore, if the central reflector in the row is used as a reference in this way, the value of the rotation angle deviation of the reflector at the end of the row and the fluctuation range thereof can be suppressed, and the reflecting surface can be more precisely The angle adjustment in the east-west direction can be performed.

  The plurality of serial reflecting mirrors may have a support frame for supporting and fixing each of the reflecting mirrors.

  If it is such, it can support each reflector more stably, and can improve the efficiency of condensing and heat collection. That is, since the support point can be provided for each reflecting mirror by the support frame, for example, compared to a case where a plurality of reflecting mirrors in series are connected and supported only at both ends, the deflection of the row of the reflecting mirror itself is reduced. It is possible to prevent the height position of the reflector near the center from being lowered.

  The north-south angle adjusting means includes an actuator, the actuator is disposed for each of the reflecting mirrors, each actuator has an arm, and the arm and the reflecting mirror are connected to each other. The angle in the north-south direction of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror can be individually adjusted by the forward and backward movement.

  With such a configuration, the angle adjustment in the north-south direction of the reflecting surface can be performed more simply than the control with a complicated control such as an adjusting unit made of a T-bone.

  Alternatively, the north-south angle adjusting means includes a north-south angle adjusting motor, and the north-south angle adjusting motor is provided in each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors, and drive control of the north-south angle adjusting motor is performed. Thus, the angle in the north-south direction of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror can be individually adjusted.

  Also by such a thing, the angle adjustment of the reflection surface in the north-south direction can be performed simply.

  A plurality of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors provided with the heliostat mechanism may be installed in the north-south direction.

  In such a case, since one rotational drive motor only needs to rotationally drive a plurality of reflecting mirrors in one set, it is not necessary to prepare a large-scale one. In addition, by installing a plurality of sets, it is possible to increase the scale of the apparatus corresponding to a large area without reducing the efficiency of light collection and heat collection.

  As described above, according to the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention, the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror can be adjusted with higher accuracy than conventional devices such as a tower type, and it is simple, low cost, and efficient. It is possible to collect heat.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the solar heat collecting apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of a heliostat mechanism. It is the schematic which shows an example of the east-west angle adjustment means. (A) It is a general view of the east-west angle adjustment means. (B) It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the reflective mirror of one end in series, and the transmission provided with respect to it. It is the schematic which shows another example of the east-west angle adjustment means. It is the schematic which shows an example of the north-south angle adjustment means. (A) It is an A arrow view in FIG. (B) It is a B arrow line view in FIG. It is the schematic which shows another example of the north-south angle adjustment means. (A) It is explanatory drawing which looked at the reflective mirror provided with the north-south angle adjustment means from the east side. (B) It is a top view of the reflective mirror provided with the north-south angle adjustment means. It is the fluctuation | variation of the shift | offset | difference ratio of the rotation angle of each reflective mirror with respect to the reflective mirror used as the reference | standard from 6 am to 6:00 pm spring equinox in Example 1. FIG. It is a fluctuation | variation of the shift | offset | difference ratio of the rotation angle of each reflective mirror with respect to the reflective mirror used as the reference | standard in the summer solstice in Example 1 from 5:00 am to 7:00 pm. It is a fluctuation | variation of the shift | offset | difference ratio of the rotation angle of each reflective mirror with respect to the reflective mirror used as the reference | standard in the winter solstice in Example 1 from 7:00 am to 5:00 pm. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the positional relationship of the sun, a receiver, and a reflective mirror regarding the principle of a cross linear type condensing system. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the positional relationship of the sun, a receiver, and a reflective mirror regarding the principle of a cross linear condensing method. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the positional relationship of the sun, a receiver, and a reflective mirror regarding the principle of a cross linear condensing method. It is a graph which shows intensity distribution of the condensed light in the condensing system of the present invention. It is a graph which shows intensity distribution of the condensed light in the conventional condensing system. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the conventional T-bone system heliostat mechanism.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As described above, in a cross-linear solar heat collector, if the reflector can be individually adjusted not only in the north-south angle but also in the east-west direction, the light can be collected with higher accuracy. Heat collection efficiency can be further improved.
This is because, in a plurality of reflecting mirrors installed in series in the north-south direction, the ideal angle in the east-west direction of the reflecting surface for reflecting sunlight to the receiver according to the position of the sun is strictly different. That is, ideally, even at the same date and time, the reflecting mirrors have a difference in angle (rotation angle) between their reflecting surfaces.

  Therefore, when further investigation was made on the deviation of the rotation angle between the reflecting mirrors in the east-west direction, even if a relatively expensive and complicated control such as a fine adjustment actuator was not used, a constant gear ratio was obtained. The present inventor found that the transmission can be used to collect solar heat efficiently by adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflector sufficiently and simply, at low cost, and completed the present invention. .

FIG. 1 shows an example of the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention.
First, the overall mechanism of the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 will be described. A plurality of reflection lines 2 and one or more light receiving lines 3 are set. A plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 are installed on each reflection line 2, and a receiver 5 is installed on the light receiving line 3. Sunlight is applied to the reflecting mirror 4 and reflected, and the reflected light is collected on the receiver 5 to collect solar heat.
The medium in the receiver heated by collecting solar heat is sent to a steam turbine or a gas turbine (not shown) to generate power.

Hereinafter, each part is explained in full detail.
The plurality of reflection lines 2 are set in parallel with each other along the north-south direction. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which four reflection lines 2A to 2D are set, the number of the reflection lines 2 may be a plurality, and is not particularly limited.

Each of the one or more light receiving lines 3 is set at a fixed position above the reflection line 2. Furthermore, it is set so as to be orthogonal to the reflection line 2 (that is, along the east-west direction).
Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which one light receiving line 3A is set, the number of light receiving lines 3A can be two or more, and can be determined as appropriate. For example, the reflecting mirror 4 and the receiver 5 shown in FIG. 1 can be a single unit, and a plurality of such units can be prepared and arranged in parallel.
Further, the distance in the vertical direction between the light receiving line 3 and the reflecting line 2 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to various conditions so as to easily collect sunlight, for example.

  As can be seen from the relationship between the reflection line and the light receiving line, the solar heat collecting apparatus 1 is of a cross linear type, and can efficiently collect solar heat at low cost.

Next, the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 will be described. The reflecting mirror 4 only needs to have a reflecting surface 6 capable of reflecting sunlight, and the shape of the reflecting mirror 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the sunlight reflecting surface 6 can be flat or concave. The size is not limited, and for example, the reflecting surface 6 can have an area of about 3 m × 1.5 m.
A plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 are installed on each row of the reflecting lines 2A to 2D. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which five are installed in each row, the number is not limited to this. For example, it can be determined according to the size of the installation location.

The reflecting mirror 4 is provided with a heliostat mechanism 7. Here, an example of the heliostat mechanism 7 is shown in FIG.
The heliostat mechanism 7 adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface 6 by following the movement of the sun. With respect to the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4, it has means for adjusting the angle in the east-west direction (east-west angle adjusting means 8) and means for adjusting the angle in the north-south direction (north-south angle adjusting means 9). Although here is an example for the case of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ to 4A ₅ on the reflective line 2A, it is provided with these means also in other reflective line 2B-2D. Also it describes only the reflecting mirror 4A ₂ for north-south angle adjusting means 9.
Conventionally, the angle of the reflecting surface is adjusted to an arbitrary angle using only the T-bone as shown in FIG. 15. However, in the heliostat mechanism 7 of the present invention, the adjusting means is based on the east-west angle and the north-south angle. Is different. These means can adjust the angle of each direction independently of each other. Therefore, the angle can be adjusted with high accuracy while the control is simple.

Each of the plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 has a mirror frame 21. A rotating shaft in the north-south direction is attached to the central part of the east and west side surfaces of each reflector. The rotation axis passes through the central part of the east and west side surfaces of the mirror frame 21, whereby the reflecting mirror 4 is held by the mirror frame 21, and the reflecting mirror 4 is centered on the rotation axis in the north-south direction. It can be rotated in the north-south direction. Only Figure 2, the reflecting mirror 4A ₂ is rotated in the north-south direction.
In addition, an east-west rotation axis is provided at the center of the north and south sides of the mirror frame 21, and the mirror frame 21 can be driven to rotate in the east-west direction around the east-west rotation axis. It has become. Due to the rotation of the mirror frame 21, the held reflecting mirror 4 is also integrally rotated in the east-west direction.

(About east-west angle adjustment means)
The east / west angle adjusting means 8 will be described.
<First aspect>
An example of the east-west angle adjusting means is shown in FIG. FIG. 3A is an overall view of the east-west angle adjusting means. As shown in FIG. 3A, it mainly includes a rotary drive motor 10 and a transmission (gear box) 11.
First, the type of the transmission 11 is not particularly limited, and may be any transmission that can transmit rotational power from a power source to another member using, for example, various gears. In FIG. 3 (A), is provided through the mirror frame 21 between the adjacent reflector adjacent (i.e., the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ and a transmission 11B between the reflecting mirror 4A _2, a reflecting mirror 4A ₂ transmission 11C between the reflecting mirror 4A _3, transmission 11D between the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ and the reflecting mirror 4A _4, transmission 11E between the reflecting mirror 4A ₄ and the reflecting mirror 4A _5), adjacent reflectors together Are connected. Thus, for example, the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ may have rotated, the reflecting mirror 4A ₂ via the transmission 11B is driven to rotate in conjunction with each other. Furthermore, all the other reflecting mirrors 4A _{3 to} 4A ₅ are driven to rotate in conjunction with each other. In each reflecting mirror, the angle at which it is rotationally driven by the transmission of the rotational driving of the adjacent reflecting mirror is based on the gear ratio of the transmission 11 provided between the adjacent reflecting mirrors. The gear ratio can be set to a desired value by changing the configuration of gears and the like in the transmission 11.

Further, with respect to the reflecting mirror 4A1 at _one end in series, a transmission 11A is further provided on the side opposite to the side where the transmission 11B is provided.
The rotation drive motor 10 is provided only one for reflectors 4A ₁ to 4A ₅ installed in series, here provided in the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ of the series end.

FIG. 3B shows the relationship between the reflecting mirror 4 </ b> A _{1 at} one end in series, the transmission 11 </ b> A provided for the reflecting mirror 4 </ b> A ₁ , and the rotary drive motor 10. As illustrated in FIG. 3B, the transmission 11 </ b> A includes a pulley 12 and a belt 13. On the other hand, the rotational drive motor 10 is installed on the table 14. The motor shaft 15 of the rotational drive motor 10 is connected to the pulley 12 via a belt 13. Moreover pulley 12 is connected to the east-west direction of the rotation axis of the mirror frame 21 holding the reflecting mirror 4A _1.
Accordingly, the pulley 12 is rotationally driven via the belt 13 by the rotational drive by the rotational drive motor 10, that is, the rotational drive of the motor shaft 15, and the rotation of the connected mirror frame 21 in the east-west direction by the rotational drive of the pulley 12. The mirror frame 21 is configured to be rotationally driven together with the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ around the axis.
The angle of rotation of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ with respect to the rotation drive by rotating the drive motor 10, the gear ratio of the transmission 11A, i.e., for example, based on the size of the diameter of the pulley 12 to the diameter of the motor shaft 15. This gear ratio can be set to a desired value.

  In addition, a gear can be used instead of the pulley 12, and in that case, a chain can be used instead of the belt 13. By adjusting the number of gear teeth, the gear ratio can be set to a desired value.

With the above configuration, when the rotary driving motor 10 is driven to rotate, the rotation drive is transmitted via the transmission 11A is the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ in series one end is driven to rotate, the rotation of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ drive is to be transmitted to the reflection mirror 4A ₂ adjacent through the transmission 11B. Furthermore, the other reflecting mirrors 4A _{3 to} 4A ₅ are driven to rotate one after another through the transmissions 11C to 11E.
Note that how much the rotational drive motor 10 is rotationally driven is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. For example, any one of the reflective mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₅ (particularly the center) And the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ ) positioned at can be controlled as a reference. Reflection mirror 4A ₃ may control the rotational driving of the rotation drive motor 10 so as to be reflected to the receiver sunlight ideal angle. However, between the rotary drive motor 10 reflecting mirror 4A ₃ since transmission 11A~11C is interposed, it is necessary to control the rotation of the rotary driving motor 10 in consideration of these transmission ratio .

Also, setting of the transmission ratio of the transmission 11 is not particularly limited, for example, any one of the reflectors of the series of a plurality of reflecting mirrors, in particular the position of the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ is located in the center Can be set on the basis of. By using the central reflecting mirror as a reference, it is possible to suppress an increase in the value of the rotational angle deviation of the reflecting mirror closer to the end in series with respect to the reference reflecting mirror and the fluctuation range thereof. For example, when the reflecting mirror at one end is used as a reference, it can be made smaller than the value of the rotation angle deviation of the reflecting mirror at the farthest end and its fluctuation range. For this reason, it becomes possible to adjust the angle in the east-west direction of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror with higher accuracy.

A method for setting the gear ratio of the transmission 11 will be described in further detail.
As described above, the present inventor conducted an investigation on the deviation of the rotation angle between the serial reflecting mirrors. Specifically, the angle variation in the east-west direction of the reflecting surface during one day (for example, 6 am to 6 pm for spring equinox) of a plurality of mirrors in series (approximately 45 The deviation (difference) from the angle of the reflecting surface of the other reflecting mirror was obtained with reference to (° to 135 °), and the deviation ratio of the rotation angles was calculated. The rotation angle deviation ratio here is obtained by dividing (the angle of the reflecting surface of the reference reflecting mirror−the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror to be compared) by the (angle of the reflecting surface of the reference reflecting mirror). Value.
As a result, it was found that the deviation ratio of the rotation angle between the reference reflector and the comparative reflector did not fluctuate so much throughout the day. As a result of further calculations, it has been found that there is no significant up and down movement throughout the year (for example, spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equine, winter solstice).

Here, the deviation ratio of the rotation angle varies depending on the installation position of each reflecting mirror, that is, the latitude of the installation location. Accordingly, the gear ratio of the transmission 11 is located and the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ end, it varies depending on the position of the reflecting mirror between 4A ₁ to 4A ₅ which adjacent. The deviation ratio of the rotation angles of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A ₅ with respect to the reflecting mirror 4A _{3 serving as} a reference is obtained in advance by simulation or the like. As described above, the deviation ratio of the rotation angle is almost constant in one day (and in one year), but there is some variation. Therefore, for example, for each of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A ₅ , an average value per year can be taken, and the average value can be set to an appropriate value of the rotational angle deviation ratio.

After that, the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , and 4A ₅ are always in accordance with the variation in the angle of the ideal reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 4A _{3 serving as} the reference, respectively, and the deviation ratio of the obtained rotation angle. The gear ratio of each transmission may be obtained by calculation and set based on the deviation ratio of the rotation angle and the arrangement of the reflecting mirrors so that the angle is adjusted by the amount of deviation.

An example of a method for obtaining the rotational angle deviation ratio using the simulation will be described.
(1) Determine the latitude and longitude of the installation location of the device (reflector).
(2) Decide the day of the year to calculate (if you want to see the situation in the four seasons, spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equine, winter solstice, etc.)
(3) Decide on the solar time (6am-6pm (spring equinox)) (note that winter is shorter and summer is longer).
(4) Determine other necessary items (cross linear type (receiver is arranged east-west, reflector with heliostat mechanism is arranged north-south), distance between receiver and reflector, etc.).
(5) Based on these, the ideal angle of the reflecting surface for reflecting sunlight toward the receiver is calculated for each reflecting mirror.
(6) Decide the reference reflecting mirror and calculate the difference in angle of the reflecting surface with the other reflecting mirrors (i.e., (the angle of the reflecting surface of the reference reflecting mirror−the reflecting mirror of the comparing reflecting mirror). Reflective surface angle)).
(7) The value obtained in (6) is divided by (the angle of the reflecting surface of the reference reflecting mirror).
As described above, the rotational angle deviation ratio can be obtained.

  Note that the transmission ratio calculation method and setting method of the transmission are merely examples, and are not particularly limited. The gear ratio can be appropriately determined according to the cost and labor for calculation. Even if it is a simple calculation method or a different calculation method than the above, individual adjustment to make it closer to the ideal angle compared to the case where multiple reflecting mirrors in series are all driven at the same angle in the east-west direction If the gear ratio that can be obtained can be obtained, that is sufficient.

Further, a mode different from the example illustrated in FIG. For example, the transmission 11A for the reflecting mirror 4A1 at _one end may not be provided, and the transmission may be provided only between the adjacent reflecting mirrors.
And any one of the transmissions provided between the adjacent reflecting mirrors is connected to the rotational drive motor. The transmission connected to the rotation drive motor is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected so that the reflection mirror can be driven more efficiently. For example, if five reflecting mirrors are installed in series, a rotary drive motor can be connected to the transmission between the second and third reflecting mirrors. If it is such, torsional rigidity can be made weaker than the case of FIG.

The transmission connected to the rotation drive motor has, for example, a mechanism (a belt or a pulley connected to the rotation drive motor via the belt) as shown in FIG. It may further have another pulley connected to the mirror. And the rotational drive of the pulley connected with the rotational drive motor can be transmitted to said other pulley, and the adjacent reflecting mirror can also be rotationally driven. However, naturally it is not limited to such a mechanism, It is also possible to use another mechanism.
In addition, the gear ratio can be set in the same manner as described above.

<Second aspect>
Another example of the east-west angle adjusting means is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an overall view of a plurality of reflecting mirrors 4 in series as seen from the east side. As shown in FIG. 4, the drive shaft 16 extends from the rotary drive motor 110 in the east-west angle adjusting means 108 of this aspect. For example, the drive shaft 16 is attached to the motor shaft of the rotational drive motor 110, and the drive shaft 16 can be rotationally driven by the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor 110.

The drive shaft 16 may be a single long rod, but is composed of a plurality of mini drive shafts 17 and a coupler 18 for connecting them, as shown in FIG. 4, for example. It can also be.
It is preferable that such a plurality of mini-drive shafts 17 and couplers 18 are easy and effective in terms of assembly, disassembly, and transportation.

Further, a transmission 111 is attached to each of the serial reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₅ . That is, the transmission 111A in the reflector 4A _1, transmission 111B to the reflecting mirror 4A _2, transmission 111C to the reflecting mirror 4A _3, transmission 111D to the reflecting mirror 4A _4, the transmission 111E is additionally provided to the reflecting mirror 4A ₅ Yes. Each of these transmissions 111 </ b> A to 111 </ b> E is also connected to the drive shaft 16.
For example, the transmission 111A includes a driven pulley 19, a driving pulley 20, and a belt 113 that connects these pulleys. The driven pulley 19 is connected to the rotation axis in the east-west direction of the mirror frame 21 holding the reflecting mirror 4 </ b> A ₁ , and the driving pulley 20 is provided on the drive shaft 16. Therefore, when the drive shaft 16 is rotationally driven, the driving pulley 20 is rotationally driven at the same time, and the driven pulley 19 is rotationally driven via the belt 113. The mirror frame 21 is configured to be rotationally driven together with the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ around the rotation axis in the east-west direction of the mirror frame 21 connected to the driven pulley 19.
The angle of rotation of the reflecting mirror 4A ₁ with respect to the rotation driving by the drive shaft 16, the gear ratio of the transmission 111A, i.e., for example, based on the difference between the diameter of the diameter and the drive pulley 20 of the driven pulley 19. This gear ratio can be set to a desired value.

  In addition, a driven gear can be used instead of the driven pulley 19, and in that case, a chain can be used instead of the belt 113. A driving gear can be used instead of the driving pulley 20. By adjusting the number of teeth of these gears, the gear ratio can be set to a desired value.

With the above configuration, when the drive shaft 16 is rotationally driven by the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor 110, the rotational drive is transmitted to each of the reflecting mirrors 4A _{1 to} 4A ₅ based on the respective gear ratios of the transmission 111. It has a mechanism to rotate.

Further, control of the rotational drive of the rotation drive motor 110 is not particularly limited, as in the example first embodiment, can be performed with respect to the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ of the series of center.
The setting method of each of the gear ratio of the transmission 111 is not particularly limited, for example, in the same manner as described above, the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ of the series of the center as a reference, set in accordance with the position of each reflective mirror that annexed Can do.

  As described above, examples of the east / west angle adjusting means have been given. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and the rotation drive of the rotation drive motor is transmitted to a plurality of reflection mirrors in series based on the transmission ratio via the transmission and rotated. Any device can be used as long as it can be driven and the angle in the east-west direction can be individually adjusted.

(About north-south angle adjustment means)
Next, the north-south angle adjusting means 9 will be described.
<First aspect>
FIG. 5 shows an example of the north-south angle adjusting means. FIG. 5A is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2, and the reflecting mirror 4 is also described so that the positional relationship between the respective positions can be easily grasped. FIG. 5B is a view as seen in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2, which also shows the reflecting mirror 4.
The north-south angle adjusting means 9 is individually provided for the reflecting mirror 4 and includes an actuator 23 having an arm 22. The actuator 23 moves the arm 22 forward and backward. The arm 22 is connected to the reflecting mirror 4.

  Here, the tip of the arm 22 is connected to the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4, and the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4 can be pushed and pulled by its forward and backward movement, thereby rotating in the north-south direction held by the mirror frame 21. The reflecting mirror 4 can be rotated in the north-south direction around the axis. The angle in the north-south direction of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 can be adjusted by the distance of the arm 22 moving forward and backward.

  The forward / backward range (stroke range) of the arm 22 is not particularly limited as long as it can appropriately reflect sunlight toward the receiver throughout the year. Due to the inclination of the earth's axis, the altitude of the sun changes in a range of (23.4 ° × 2) throughout the year, so that the stroke range of the arm 22 is adjusted so that the angle of the reflecting surface 6 can be adjusted at least by that range. It is good to decide.

Further, the arm 22 rotates the reflecting mirror 4 by pushing or pulling the back surface of the reflecting mirror 4 as described above, and simultaneously supports the reflecting mirror 4 from the back surface side.
In the conventionally used T-bone method, the reflecting mirror is arbitrarily rotated in accordance with the movement of the sun by rotating each part as shown in FIG. In such a T-bone system, the reflecting mirror may be shaken by the wind, and the reflection to the receiver may be adversely affected. However, thanks to the support by the arm 22 in FIG. Can be effectively prevented from shaking. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the reflection to the receiver from being appropriately performed due to the swing of the reflecting mirror 4, and it is possible to suppress the heat collection efficiency from being lowered.

In addition, although the case where it connected with the arm 22 on the back surface of the reflective mirror 4 was demonstrated, naturally it is not limited to this, The connection part of the arm 22 and the reflective mirror 4 can be determined suitably. For example, it is possible to connect the arm 22 with the side surface of the reflecting mirror 4.
Further, the reflecting mirror 4 and the arm 22 are not necessarily connected. Any mechanism that can be rotated while appropriately supporting the reflecting mirror may be used.

  Further, as described above, since the reflecting mirror 4 is rotationally driven in the east-west direction together with the mirror frame 21, the actuator 23 itself is preferably fixed to the mirror frame 21, for example. In this way, even if the mirror frame 21 and the reflecting mirror 4 are rotationally driven in the east-west direction in order to adjust the angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the east-west direction, the actuator 23 is fixed to the mirror frame 21. In the same manner as before the rotation, the arm 22 of the actuator 23 can adjust the angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the north-south direction.

<Second aspect>
FIG. 6 shows another example of the north-south angle adjusting means. FIG. 6A is an explanatory view of the reflecting mirror 4 provided with north-south angle adjusting means as viewed from the east side. FIG. 6B is a top view of the reflecting mirror 4 provided with the north-south angle adjusting means.
In the north-south angle adjusting means 109 of this mode, the north-south angle adjusting motor 24 is individually provided for each reflecting mirror 4. A north-south angle adjusting motor 24 is connected to the rotation axis in the north-south direction of the reflecting mirror 4 penetrating the mirror frame 21. Then, by driving control of the north-south angle adjusting motor 24, the rotation shaft in the north-south direction is driven to rotate, thereby rotating the reflecting mirror 4 in the north-south direction so that the angle in the north-south direction of the reflecting surface 6 can be adjusted. ing.
The type of the north-south angle adjusting motor 24 is not particularly limited as long as it can appropriately drive the rotation shaft in the north-south direction.

  The north-south angle adjusting means as described above is provided for each reflecting mirror. For this reason, the reflecting mirror 4 can be individually rotated in the north-south direction, and the angle of the reflecting surface 6 in the north-south direction can be adjusted. Moreover, the angle can be adjusted independently for each reflecting mirror.

As described above, the mechanism for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 6 by rotating the reflecting mirror 4 has been described with respect to the east / west angle adjusting means and the north / south angle adjusting means.
In the conventional T-bone system as shown in FIG. 15, the reflecting surface must be rotated in various directions using only the T-bone and adjusted to an arbitrary angle, which makes control complicated.
However, in the present invention, the angle adjustment of the reflecting surface is shared by the east / west angle adjusting means having a rotary drive motor and a transmission and the north / south angle adjusting means having an actuator. That is, the east-west angle adjustment means only needs to adjust the angle in the east-west direction, and the north-south angle adjustment means only needs to adjust the angle in the north-south direction. The angle of the reflecting surface can be adjusted with high accuracy to an arbitrary angle by combining them. Moreover, since each mechanism is simple, the cost is low.

  Further, the east-west angle adjusting means can be made at a lower cost than that comprising, for example, a rotary ring and a fine adjustment actuator, and the number of objects to be directly controlled for driving is reduced by one, which is very simple. .

It should be noted that not only the reflecting surface 6 can be adjusted to an arbitrary angle, but also the heliostat mechanism 7 must be adjusted so that the angle actually follows the movement of the sun.
In order to facilitate such angle adjustment, for example, the angle adjustment data of the reflecting mirror 4 with respect to the movement of the sun according to the calendar and true sun time is built in the east / west angle adjustment means 8 and the north-south angle adjustment means 9. good.
As described above, in the east / west angle adjusting means 8, the reflecting mirror 4 is rotationally driven through the transmission by the rotational driving of the rotational driving motor 10, and the angle adjustment of the reflecting surface 6 in the east-west direction is performed. The movement of the sun can be estimated in advance from the calendar and true sun.

Therefore, the rotational drive motor 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided with a computer for controlling the drive, and the computer follows the movement of the sun and reflects the reflector 4 (for example, the reflector 4A located at the center). ₃ ) A pattern of a control value (angle adjustment data) of the rotary drive motor 10 for appropriately adjusting the angle of the reflection surface 6 is input in consideration of the transmission gear ratio. When actually reflecting sunlight to the receiver 5, the rotary drive motor 10 is driven based on the angle adjustment data in the computer, and the reflector 4 is simply passed through the transmission 11 based on the gear ratio. The angle of each reflecting surface 6 can be adjusted.
Instead of preparing a computer separately, for example, the angle adjustment data can be input and controlled in a memory and a control circuit built in the rotary drive motor 10.

The same applies to the north-south angle adjusting means 9. That is, the arm 22 of the actuator 23 for adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface 6 of the reflecting mirror 4 appropriately following the movement of the sun in the memory of the actuator 23 or in the computer provided. The pattern of the control value (angle adjustment data) of forward / backward movement is input in advance. Then, by controlling the forward and backward movement of the arm 22 of the actuator 23 based on the angle adjustment data, the angle of the reflecting surface 6 can be easily adjusted.
Further, when the north / south angle adjustment motor 24 is provided, an angle adjustment pattern can be input in the same manner.

  Of course, as in the prior art, the position of the sun may be calculated sequentially, and the angle of the reflecting surface corresponding to the position of the sun may be calculated to control the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9. However, if the built-in data patterned as described above is used, the conventional sequential calculation is not necessary, and the angle of the reflecting surface is not adjusted after performing such a sequential calculation. Therefore, it is possible to respond quickly without delaying the movement of the sun, and it is simple and highly accurate. It can also lead to an increase in heat collection efficiency. It can be determined appropriately according to the cost and the like.

Further, the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9 can be controlled independently, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a central controller 25 is provided as shown in FIG. 8 and the actuator 23 of the north-south angle adjusting means 9, and the central controller 25 controls the rotation drive of the rotation drive motor 10 and the forward / backward movement of the arm 22 of the actuator 23 in a unified manner. Is also possible. For example, the central controller 25 can control the initial angle of the reflecting surface 6 at the start of heat collection or maintenance. Based on the position of the sun, the control data of the appropriate angle of the reflecting surface 6 and the rotary drive motor 10 for adjusting to the angle is calculated, and based on the calculation result, the central control unit 25 calculates the initial value of the reflecting surface 6. The angle can be adjusted.
Then, after adjusting the initial angle, the angle adjustment may be continued by the central control device 25, or the angle adjustment may be performed using the built-in data as described above.

(About the support member of the reflector)
As described above, each reflecting mirror 4 is surrounded by the mirror frame 21. For example, a triangular support frame 26 is attached to the mirror frame 21 or to the transmission (gear box) 11 located between the mirror frames 21 as shown in FIG. Each of the reflecting mirrors 4 is supported by the support frame 26 via the mirror frame 21 and the transmission 11.
By disposing such a support frame 26, it is possible to prevent the height position of the reflecting mirror located in the middle among the plurality of reflecting mirrors in series from dropping due to its own weight. It is possible to stabilize each reflecting mirror 4 at a desired height position.

(About the arrangement of reflectors in the north-south direction)
Further, a plurality of series reflecting mirrors 4 including the heliostat mechanism 7 including the east-west angle adjusting means 8 and the north-south angle adjusting means 9 as described above can be installed in the north-south direction.
The number of the reflecting mirrors 4 per group is not particularly limited. However, if the number of the reflecting mirrors 4 is too large, for example, a rotary drive motor having a large output is required to rotate the reflecting mirrors. It becomes easy to cost more than necessary.

  Therefore, it is assumed that the number of the reflecting mirrors 4 per set is suppressed (for example, about 5) and can be sufficiently rotated by a relatively simple rotation driving motor. If it is desired to increase the number of reflecting mirrors for reflecting sunlight to the receiver, a pair of reflecting mirrors having the same heliostat mechanism may be arranged in series in the north-south direction. Thereby, it is possible to collect solar heat efficiently at low cost. Moreover, since it is only necessary to increase the number of sets, it is easy to increase the scale.

(About the receiver)
Next, the receiver 5 will be described.
The receiver 5 itself is not particularly limited, and its shape and size can be determined as appropriate. For example, a conventional one can be used. What is necessary is just to condense reflected light of sunlight and collect heat efficiently.
The receiver 5 has a heat receiving pipe through which a medium (air, carbon dioxide, etc.) flows. The medium in the heat receiving pipe is warmed by solar heat collected by the receiver 5, and the heated medium is sent to a steam turbine or the like. Used for power generation.

As described above, according to the present invention, the angle adjustment in the east-west direction and the north-south direction can be individually performed for each reflecting mirror, so that high-precision adjustment is possible, and sunlight can be adjusted at any time zone. Aberration can be reduced with respect to light collection. As shown in FIG. 13, the light can be condensed uniformly over a wide range. For this reason, sunlight can be collected highly efficiently and solar heat can be collected very efficiently during the daytime.
By improving the light collection rate, it is possible to reduce the size of the receiver and the number of reflectors to be installed, thereby reducing the cost. The installation area of the apparatus can also be reduced, and it can be installed and used even if it is not a vast land (for example, in Japan).

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are shown and this invention is demonstrated more concretely, this invention is not limited to these.
Example 1
The simulation which concentrates sunlight and warms the medium in a heat receiving pipe using the cross linear type solar heat collecting apparatus of this invention as shown in FIGS. 1-3 was performed. The simulation conditions were set as follows.
Set up one light receiving line and install receiver (height 15m from the ground), on 80 reflecting lines (distance between lines is 1.5m), 5 reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ to 4A per row 4A ₅ (size is 1.5 m × 1.5 m) was installed (the area of the total reflection mirror was 900 m ² ).
All reflectors were placed on the north side of the receiver. The horizontal distance between the tip of the first reflecting mirror on the side closer to the receiver and the receiver was set to 5 m.
In addition, the declination was set at 36.8401632 degrees (Spain Almeria).

The transmission ratio of the transmission was obtained as follows.
Calculate the movement of the sun at the installation location above, and consider the position of each reflector, the distance to the receiver, etc., and then determine the ideal angle of the reflecting surface for reflecting sunlight toward the receiver for each reflector. Calculated. Then, with reference to the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ located at the center, the deviation ratio of the rotation angle with the other reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A ₅ was calculated.

FIG. 7 shows the change in the deviation ratio of the rotation angle of each reflecting mirror with respect to the reference reflecting mirror from 6 am to 6 pm spring equinox. Further, FIG. 8 shows a change in the deviation ratio of the rotation angle of each reflecting mirror with respect to the reference reflecting mirror from 5 am to 7 pm in the summer solstice. Further, FIG. 9 shows a change in the deviation ratio of the rotation angle of each reflecting mirror with respect to the reflecting mirror from 7 am to 5 pm in the winter solstice.
As shown in FIG. 7, the deviation ratios of the rotation angles of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ and 4A ₂ located on the south side of the reflecting mirror 4A ₃ serving as the reference are -0.038 and -0.029 on average, respectively. there were.
Moreover, the deviation ratios of the rotation angles of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₄ and 4A ₅ located on the north side of the reflecting mirror 4A _{3 serving} as the reference were 0.025 and 0.052 on average, respectively.
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the deviation ratios of the rotation angles of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A ₅ are -0.036, -0.019, 0.022, 0. 05.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the deviation ratios of the rotation angles of the reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A ₅ are on average −0.044, −0.025, 0.03, 0, respectively. .64.
Thus, it can be seen that the rotational angle deviation ratio is almost constant in each reflector throughout the year.
And the average value of these rotation angle gap ratios for one year (reflecting mirrors 4A ₁ , 4A ₂ , 4A ₄ , 4A _{5 in} the order -0.0393, -0.0243, 0.02567, 0.05533) Based on the above, each transmission is rotated so that the angle of each reflecting mirror is rotationally adjusted so as to correspond to the average value of the rotational angle deviation ratios with respect to the rotational driving of the reflecting mirror 4A _{3 serving} as a reference. The gear ratio was set.

  Then, using the east / west angle adjusting means and the north / south angle adjusting means of FIG. 1, based on the calendar and the angle adjustment data of each reflector with respect to the movement of the sun according to the time of true sun, the rotation drive of the rotation drive motor, the actuator The angle of the reflector was adjusted by controlling the forward and backward movement of the arm.

(Comparative Example 1)
Using a conventional linear Fresnel-type solar heat collector (12 rows of reflection lines and light reception lines in the north-south direction), a simulation was performed to condense sunlight and warm the medium in the heat-receiving tube. The simulation conditions were set as follows.

Two rows of reflectors having a width of 1.5 m and a length of 300 m were installed (one row on the east side and one row on the west side with respect to the receiver) (the area of the total reflection mirror is 900 m ² as in the example).
The date and time and place were the same as in the example.

  Looking at the simulation results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, in Example 1 in which the present invention was implemented, the light collection rate and the heat collection efficiency could be increased by 20% compared to Comparative Example 1. As described above, the present invention can collect sunlight by collecting sunlight with extremely high efficiency as compared with a conventional solar heat collecting apparatus.

(Comparative Example 2)
The arrangement of the reflecting mirrors is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the solar heat collecting apparatus in which the angle adjustment in the east-west direction consists only of the rotating ring (that is, the rotational driving in the east-west direction of the plurality of reflecting mirrors in series is The simulation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the same method.

(Comparative Example 3)
The cross linear type and the arrangement of the reflectors are the same as in the first embodiment, but the simulation is carried out in the same manner as in the first embodiment using a solar heat collecting apparatus in which the angle adjustment in the east-west direction is composed of a rotating ring and a fine adjustment actuator It was.

Looking at the simulation results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, in Example 1, the light collection rate and the heat collection efficiency could be increased by 6% compared to Comparative Example 2. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to collect sunlight and collect heat more efficiently than when the east-west angle adjusting means is only a rotating ring.
Moreover, when the simulation result of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 was seen, although the heat collection efficiency of Comparative Example 3 was slightly better than Example 1, there was not much difference. On the other hand, in Example 1, since it was not necessary to provide a fine adjustment actuator as in Comparative Example 3 in each reflecting mirror, the cost could be greatly reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The above-described embodiment is an exemplification, and the present invention has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar thermal collector of this invention, 2, 2A-2D ... Reflection line,
3,3A ... light-receiving line, 4,4A ₁ ~4A 5 _... reflector,
5 ... Receiver, 6 ... Reflecting surface, 7 ... Heliostat mechanism,
8, 108 ... East-west angle adjustment means,
9: North-south angle adjusting means 10, 110: Rotation drive motor,
11, 11A-11E, 111, 111A-111E ... transmission,
12 ... pulley, 13, 113 ... belt,
14 ... stand, 15 ... motor shaft, 16 ... drive shaft,
17 ... Mini drive shaft 18 ... Connector,
19 ... driven pulley, 20 ... driven pulley,
21 ... Mirror frame, 22 ... Arm, 23 ... Actuator,
24 ... Motor for adjusting the north-south angle 25 ... Central controller,
26: Support frame.

Claims (12)

A solar heat collecting apparatus having a plurality of reflection lines and one or more light receiving lines,
The plurality of reflection lines are set in parallel in the north-south direction, and a plurality of reflecting mirrors that reflect sunlight are installed in series on the reflection lines in each row, The reflector has a heliostat mechanism that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface by following the movement of the sun,
The heliostat mechanism includes an east / west angle adjusting means capable of individually adjusting the reflection surfaces of the plurality of reflectors in the east / west direction, and a north / south angle adjusting means capable of adjusting the angle individually in the north / south direction,
The east-west angle adjusting means has a rotation drive motor and a transmission,
The rotation drive motor is provided one for each row of the plurality of series reflection mirrors, and the plurality of series reflection mirrors are east-west via the transmission by the rotation drive of the rotation drive motor. To rotate in the direction,
The transmission is configured to individually adjust the east-west angle of the reflecting surface by transmitting the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor to each of the plurality of reflection mirrors in series based on the transmission ratio and rotating the transmission. Yes,
The one or more light receiving lines are set at a fixed position above and perpendicular to the plurality of reflection lines, and one receiver is installed on each light receiving line. A solar thermal collector that collects heat of reflected sunlight from the plurality of reflecting mirrors. The transmission is
The adjacent reflecting mirrors connected between the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors are connected, or
The adjacent reflecting mirrors are connected between the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors, and are further provided in the reflecting mirror at one end of the series,
Any one of the transmissions is connected to the rotary drive motor;
The transmission ratio is set according to the position of the reflecting mirror at the one end or the position of the adjacent reflecting mirrors,
The rotational drive of the rotational drive motor is transmitted through the transmission, the reflecting mirror connected to the rotational drive motor is rotationally driven, and the rotational drive of the reflective mirror connected to the rotational drive motor causes the transmission to rotate through the transmission. 2. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the other reflecting mirrors that are transmitted to adjacent reflecting mirrors and connected in series are rotationally driven in conjunction with each other.   The solar heat according to claim 2, wherein the transmission connected to the rotational drive motor includes a pulley or a gear and a belt or a chain connecting the pulley or the gear to the rotational drive motor. Heat collector. A drive shaft extends from the rotational drive motor, and the drive shaft is rotationally driven by the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor.
The transmission is attached to each of the plurality of reflection mirrors in series, the transmission ratio is set according to the position of the reflection mirror to be attached, and is connected to the drive shaft. ,
The rotational drive of the drive shaft by the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor is transmitted to each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors based on the speed ratio, and the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors are rotationally driven. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting apparatus is a solar heat collecting apparatus.   A transmission attached to each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors includes a driven pulley or driven gear connected to the reflecting mirror, a driving pulley or driving gear provided on the drive shaft, The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a belt or a chain that connects the driven pulley or the driven gear to the driving pulley or the driving gear.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the drive shaft is configured by connecting a plurality of mini drive shafts via a coupler. The transmission gear ratio is set based on the position of any one of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors.
The rotational drive of the rotational drive motor is controlled on the basis of the angle of the reflecting surface of any one of the reflecting mirrors, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The solar thermal collector described. The transmission gear ratio is set based on the position of the central reflecting mirror located in the center among the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors.
The solar heat collecting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the rotational drive of the rotational drive motor is controlled based on an angle of a reflection surface of the central reflecting mirror.   The solar heat collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors include a support frame for supporting and fixing each of the reflecting mirrors. . The north-south angle adjusting means has an actuator,
The actuator is disposed for each reflector, each actuator has an arm, and the arm and the reflector are connected to each other, and the reflecting surface of each reflector is moved in the north-south direction by the forward and backward movement of the arm. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the angles are individually adjusted. The north-south angle adjusting means has a north-south angle adjusting motor,
The north-south angle adjusting motor is provided in each of the plurality of serial reflecting mirrors, and the angle of the reflecting surface of each reflecting mirror in the north-south direction is individually adjusted by driving control of the north-south angle adjusting motor. The solar heat collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solar heat collecting apparatus is one.   12. The solar heat according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of the plurality of serial reflectors provided with the heliostat mechanism are installed in a north-south direction. Heat collector.

Images