JP2014532300A - Novel compound having stability, charge transport material containing the same, and blue phosphorescent organic EL device - Google Patents
Novel compound having stability, charge transport material containing the same, and blue phosphorescent organic EL device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2014532300A JP2014532300A JP2014530579A JP2014530579A JP2014532300A JP 2014532300 A JP2014532300 A JP 2014532300A JP 2014530579 A JP2014530579 A JP 2014530579A JP 2014530579 A JP2014530579 A JP 2014530579A JP 2014532300 A JP2014532300 A JP 2014532300A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- carborane
- substituted
- triphenylamine
- aromatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- -1 triphenylamine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 73
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 9
- QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium sulfide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[S-2] QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- POXIZPBFFUKMEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoethenylideneazanide Chemical group [N-]=C=[C+]C#N POXIZPBFFUKMEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- CFNUZRMHHJZBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B]1C2[B][B]C1[B][B][B][B][B][B][B]2 Chemical compound [B]1C2[B][B]C1[B][B][B][B][B][B][B]2 CFNUZRMHHJZBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000319 biphenyl-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylthiophene Chemical compound CC=1C=CSC=1 QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VOFUROIFQGPCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nile red Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=NC4=CC=C(N(CC)CC)C=C4OC3=CC(=O)C2=C1 VOFUROIFQGPCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BXEMXLDMNMKWPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=NC=C1 BXEMXLDMNMKWPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N xantphos Chemical compound C=12OC3=C(P(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=CC=C3C(C)(C)C2=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXNIUSPIQKWYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000183 1,3-benzoxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-4-[4-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(C=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C=CC=1C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UHXOHPVVEHBKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JTWJUVSLJRLZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2$l^{2},3$l^{2},4$l^{2},5$l^{2},6$l^{2},7$l^{2},8$l^{2},9$l^{2},11$l^{2},12$l^{2}-decaborabicyclo[8.1.1]dodecane Chemical compound [B]1C2[B]C1[B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B]2 JTWJUVSLJRLZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-[3-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2OC(=NN=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)O1 FQJQNLKWTRGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-(2-phenylphenyl)naphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CIWZUQUKZAMSIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy borate Chemical compound COOB(OOC)OOC CIWZUQUKZAMSIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTARNFAKZVZKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsilyloxyaluminum(2+) Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O[Al+2])C1=CC=CC=C1 HTARNFAKZVZKEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本発明は、新規化合物、これを含む電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子に関する。本発明は、カルボラン(carborane)が芳香族化合物で置換されている化合物を提供する。また、前記化合物を含有する電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)を提供する。前記芳香族化合物は、好ましくは、トリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物から選択され、これはまたカルボランのp−位に置換されている。本発明に係る新規化合物は、カルボランが芳香族化合物で置換され、ガラス転移温度(Tg)などの高い熱安定性と広いエネルギーバンドギャップ、また電荷移動度(mobility)などの優れた電気的特性を有する。これにより、素子の発光特性を改善し、また、電気的にも安定して、長寿命特性を有する。【選択図】図2The present invention relates to a novel compound, a charge transport material containing the compound, and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device. The present invention provides compounds in which the carborane is replaced with an aromatic compound. In addition, a charge transport material and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) containing the compound are provided. The aromatic compound is preferably selected from triphenylamine compounds or carbazole compounds, which are also substituted at the p-position of the carborane. The novel compound according to the present invention has a carborane substituted with an aromatic compound, has high thermal stability such as a glass transition temperature (Tg), a wide energy band gap, and excellent electrical characteristics such as charge mobility. Have. As a result, the light emission characteristics of the device are improved, and it is electrically stable and has a long life characteristic. [Selection] Figure 2
Description
本発明は、安定性を有する新規化合物、これを含む電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子に関し、より詳細には、高いガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性と電気的安定性を有し、電荷輸送的特性に優れた新規化合物、これを含む電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子に関する。 The present invention relates to a novel compound having stability, a charge transport material containing the compound, and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device, and more specifically, has thermal stability such as high glass transition temperature (Tg) and electrical stability. In addition, the present invention relates to a novel compound having excellent charge transport characteristics, a charge transport material containing the compound, and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device.
次世代ディスプレイとして脚光を浴びている有機EL素子(OLED;OrganicLight Emitting Device)について、電気、電子、材料、化学、物理、光学など、様々な分野において学問的研究および産業的研究が活発に進められている。かかる研究の成果により、PM(Passive Matrix)方式の有機EL素子(OLED)が携帯電話の外部画面に用いられるなど、一部の電子機器に導入されており、近年、AM(Active Matrix)方式の有機EL素子(OLED)を、PDA、携帯電話、ゲーム機などのモバイルディスプレイに適用するための研究と事業化が進められている。 Academic and industrial research is actively promoted in various fields, such as electricity, electronics, materials, chemistry, physics, and optics, for organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) that are in the limelight as next-generation displays. ing. As a result of such research, PM (Passive Matrix) organic EL elements (OLEDs) have been introduced into some electronic devices, such as those used for mobile phone external screens. Recently, AM (Active Matrix) Research and commercialization for applying an organic EL element (OLED) to a mobile display such as a PDA, a mobile phone, and a game machine are being promoted.
また、これについて、近年、蛍光物質だけでなく、リン光物質もまた有機EL素子(OLED)に用いられることができることが知られており、これに係る研究が進められている。リン光発光は、基底状態(ground states)から励起状態に電子が遷移した後、項間交差(intersystemcrossing)により一重項励起子が三重項励起子に無放射遷移した後、三重項励起子が基底状態に遷移しながら発光するメカニズム(mechanism)からなる。かかるリン光発光は、三重項励起子が遷移する際に、直接基底状態に遷移することができないため、電子スピンの変換が行われた後、基底状態に遷移する過程を経ることで、蛍光発光に比べて寿命(発光時間)が長くなる特性を有する。すなわち、蛍光発光の発光持続時間は数ナノ秒(several nano seconds)に過ぎないが、リン光発光の場合には、相対的に長い時間である数マイクロ秒(several micro seconds)に該当する。 Further, in recent years, it is known that not only a fluorescent substance but also a phosphorescent substance can be used in an organic EL element (OLED), and research relating to this is underway. In phosphorescence emission, after electrons transition from ground states to excited states, singlet excitons undergo nonradiative transition to triplet excitons due to intersystem crossing, and then triplet excitons are grounded. It consists of a mechanism that emits light while transitioning to a state. Such phosphorescence emission cannot directly transit to the ground state when the triplet exciton makes a transition. Therefore, after the electron spin conversion is performed, the phosphorescence emission occurs through the process of transition to the ground state. Compared to the above, it has a characteristic that the lifetime (light emission time) is longer. That is, the emission duration of the fluorescence emission is only a few nanoseconds, but in the case of phosphorescence emission, it corresponds to a relatively long time of several microseconds.
通常、リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、ITO透明電極からなるアノード(anode)と、前記アノード上に形成された正孔輸送層(hole transport layer、HTL)と、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)上に形成された発光層(emitting layer、EML)と、前記発光層(EML)上に形成された電子輸送層(electrontransport layer、ETL)と、前記電子輸送層(ETL)上に形成されたカソード(cathode)と、を含む多層構造を有しており、これらは、蒸着などの方法により基板上に順次積層されてなる。また、前記発光層(EML)は、電荷輸送材料としてのホスト(host)と、リン光物質としてのドーパント(dopant)と、を含んでいる。 Generally, a phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) includes an anode made of an ITO transparent electrode, a hole transport layer (HTL) formed on the anode, and the hole transport layer (HTL). ) Formed on the light emitting layer (EML), the electron transport layer (ETL) formed on the light emitting layer (EML), and the electron transport layer (ETL). A multilayer structure including a cathode, and these are sequentially laminated on a substrate by a method such as vapor deposition. The light emitting layer (EML) includes a host as a charge transport material and a dopant as a phosphorescent material.
上述のような構造のリン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)に電圧が加えられると、アノードから正孔が注入され、カソードから電子が注入される。また、注入された正孔と電子は、それぞれ、正孔輸送層(HTL)と電子輸送層(ETL)を経て発光層(EML)で再結合(recombination)が行われて発光励起子(excitons)を形成する。また、形成された発光励起子(excitons)は、基底状態に遷移しながら光を放出する。 When a voltage is applied to the phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) having the above structure, holes are injected from the anode and electrons are injected from the cathode. Also, the injected holes and electrons are recombinated in the light emitting layer (EML) through the hole transport layer (HTL) and the electron transport layer (ETL), respectively, thereby emitting excitons. Form. The formed luminescence excitons emit light while transitioning to the ground state.
近年、リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の発光効率を高めるための試みが頻繁に行われている。結果、緑色の場合には29%、赤色の場合には15%の高い発光効率を有する技術が報告された。しかし、青色の場合には、緑色と赤色と比較して低い発光効率を示しており、色座標もまた良好でないという欠点を有している。これを解決するために、現在、多くの研究者が研究を行っている。主に、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の層構造の改善と、電荷輸送材料(ホスト)の新たな物質に対する開発などに関する研究が行われている。 In recent years, attempts have been frequently made to increase the luminous efficiency of phosphorescent organic EL elements (PhOLEDs). As a result, a technology having a high luminous efficiency of 29% in the case of green and 15% in the case of red was reported. However, in the case of blue, the luminous efficiency is lower than that of green and red, and the color coordinates are not good. Many researchers are currently conducting research to solve this problem. Mainly, research on improvement of the layer structure of a blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) and development of a new substance for a charge transport material (host) has been conducted.
層構造の改善については、韓国登録特許第10−0454500号[先行特許文献1]に、正孔輸送層(HTL)と発光層(EML)との間にバッファー層を形成した有機EL素子が開示されており、韓国登録特許第10−0777099号[先行特許文献2]に、正孔輸送層(HTL)と発光層(EML)との間に障壁緩和層を形成した有機EL素子が開示されている。 Regarding the improvement of the layer structure, Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0454500 [Prior Patent Document 1] discloses an organic EL device in which a buffer layer is formed between a hole transport layer (HTL) and a light emitting layer (EML). Korean Patent No. 10-0777099 [Prior Patent Document 2] discloses an organic EL device in which a barrier relaxation layer is formed between a hole transport layer (HTL) and a light emitting layer (EML). Yes.
しかし、前記先行文献1および2に開示されている有機EL素子は、層数が多すぎる多層構造を有しているため、各層を形成するための多数の工程が伴われて、製造工程が複雑であり、厚さが厚い。また、青色特性に適しないため、高い発光効率および長寿命特性を有することが困難である。 However, since the organic EL elements disclosed in the prior art documents 1 and 2 have a multi-layer structure having too many layers, a number of processes for forming each layer are involved and the manufacturing process is complicated. It is thick. Further, since it is not suitable for blue characteristics, it is difficult to have high luminous efficiency and long life characteristics.
また、電荷輸送材料(ホスト)については、韓国公開特許第10−2007−0091291号[先行特許文献3]に、トリアリールアミン基を含有する物質を正孔輸送材料として用いた有機EL素子が開示されている。また、韓国公開特許第10−2011−0041952号[先行特許文献4]に、特定の化学式で表されるカルバゾール化合物が開示されている。 As for the charge transport material (host), Korean Published Patent No. 10-2007-0091291 [Prior Patent Document 3] discloses an organic EL device using a substance containing a triarylamine group as a hole transport material. Has been. Korean Published Patent No. 10-2011-0041952 [Prior Patent Document 4] discloses a carbazole compound represented by a specific chemical formula.
青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の発光効率を高めるために、電荷輸送材料は、発光層(EML)への電荷(正孔および電子)の注入を極大化する必要がある。また、このためには、広いエネルギーバンドギャップ(band gap)を有する必要がある。また、三重項エネルギー(ET;TripletEnergy)が高い必要がある。さらに、電荷輸送材料は、電荷移動度(mobility)などの電気的特性に優れ、ガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性にも優れる必要がある。 In order to increase the luminous efficiency of the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED), the charge transport material needs to maximize the injection of charges (holes and electrons) into the light emitting layer (EML). For this purpose, it is necessary to have a wide energy band gap. Moreover, triplet energy (ET; TripletEnergy) needs to be high. Furthermore, the charge transport material needs to be excellent in electrical characteristics such as charge mobility and thermal stability such as glass transition temperature (Tg).
前記先行特許文献3に開示されているように、電荷輸送材料、特に、正孔輸送層(HTL)を構成する正孔輸送材料は、TAPC(1,1−ビス(4−ビス(4−メチルフェニル)−アミノフェニル)−シクロヘキサン)を主に用いている。しかし、前記TAPCを含む従来の青色リン光用として用いられる電荷輸送材料は、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が低く、化合物の安定性が低くて、寿命が短いという問題がある。 As disclosed in the aforementioned prior art document 3, the charge transport material, particularly the hole transport material constituting the hole transport layer (HTL) is TAPC (1,1-bis (4-bis (4-methyl)). Phenyl) -aminophenyl) -cyclohexane) is mainly used. However, the conventional charge transport material used for blue phosphorescence including TAPC has a problem that the glass transition temperature (Tg) is low, the stability of the compound is low, and the lifetime is short.
本発明は、高いガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性、および広いエネルギーバンドギャップを有し、電荷移動度などの電気的特性が向上して、分子の物理的特性に優れ、且つ素子の長寿命特性を有する新規化合物、これを含む電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has a thermal stability such as a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and a wide energy band gap, an electrical property such as charge mobility is improved, an excellent molecular physical property, and a device It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel compound having a long life characteristic, a charge transport material containing the compound, and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED).
前記目的を達成するために、本発明は、カルボラン(carborane)が芳香族化合物で置換されている化合物を提供する。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compound in which a carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound.
前記芳香族化合物は、好ましい具現例により、フェニル基と窒素原子を有する化合物から選択される。例えば、芳香族化合物は、トリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物から選択されることが好ましい。 The aromatic compound is selected from compounds having a phenyl group and a nitrogen atom according to a preferred embodiment. For example, the aromatic compound is preferably selected from a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound.
前記芳香族化合物は、カルボランのオルト(o−)、メタ(m−)またはパラ(p−)位に置換されていてもよく、好ましくは、カルボランのパラ(p−)位に置換されていてもよい。なお、前記芳香族化合物のフェニル基には、一つ以上のアルキル基が結合していてもよい。 The aromatic compound may be substituted at the ortho (o-), meta (m-) or para (p-) position of carborane, and preferably is substituted at the para (p-) position of carborane. Also good. One or more alkyl groups may be bonded to the phenyl group of the aromatic compound.
また、本発明は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有する電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)を提供する。 The present invention also provides a charge transport material and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) containing the compound according to the present invention.
この際、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、アノードと、前記アノード上に形成された正孔輸送層(HTL)と、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)上に形成された発光層(EML)と、前記発光層(EML)上に形成された電子輸送層(ETL)と、前記電子輸送層(ETL)上に形成されたカソードと、を含み、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)、発光層(EML)および電子輸送層(ETL)から選択される一つ以上は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有することが好ましい。 At this time, the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention was formed on the anode, the hole transport layer (HTL) formed on the anode, and the hole transport layer (HTL). A light emitting layer (EML); an electron transport layer (ETL) formed on the light emitting layer (EML); and a cathode formed on the electron transport layer (ETL). One or more selected from HTL), the light emitting layer (EML), and the electron transport layer (ETL) preferably contain the compound according to the present invention.
本発明によれば、カルボラン(carborane)が芳香族化合物(好ましくは、トリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物)で置換されることで、高いガラス転移温度(Tg)を有し、優れた熱安定性を有することができる。また、電荷移動度などの電気的特性に優れ、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の発光特性を改善することができる。また、電気的にも安定しており、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)において長寿命特性を有することができる。 According to the present invention, carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound (preferably, a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound), thereby having a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and excellent thermal stability. Can have sex. Moreover, it is excellent in electrical characteristics such as charge mobility, and the light emission characteristics of a blue phosphorescent organic EL element (PhOLED) can be improved. Moreover, it is electrically stable and can have long life characteristics in a blue phosphorescent organic EL element (PhOLED).
上述のように、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)に用いられる電荷輸送材料は、高効率の青色リン光を具現するために、三重項エネルギー(ET)が高い必要があり、広いエネルギーバンドギャップを有する必要がある。また、電荷移動度などの物理的特性に優れ、ガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性に優れる必要がある。さらに、電気的にも安定して長寿命特性を有する必要がある。 As described above, the charge transport material used in the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) needs to have a high triplet energy (ET) and a wide energy band gap in order to realize highly efficient blue phosphorescence. It is necessary to have. Moreover, it is required to be excellent in physical characteristics such as charge mobility and excellent in thermal stability such as glass transition temperature (Tg). Furthermore, it must be electrically stable and have long life characteristics.
したがって、青色リン光用電荷輸送材料について鋭意研究を重ねた結果、カルボランが芳香族化合物で置換された場合に優れた発光効率を有することができるという物理的特性を有することを見出した。また、電荷移動度などの物理的特性とともにガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性、また、電気的安定性に優れ、長寿命特性を有することを見出した。特に、カルボランが、芳香族化合物としてトリフェニルアミン系またはカルバゾール系化合物で置換された場合、好ましくは、前記芳香族化合物がカルボランのパラ(p−)位に置換された場合に、高いガラス転移温度および優れた電荷移動度などを有することを見出した。さらに、前記芳香族化合物のフェニル基にアルキル基(alkyl group)が結合している場合、より優れた特性を有することを見出した。 Therefore, as a result of intensive studies on the charge transport material for blue phosphorescence, it has been found that when carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound, it has a physical property that it can have excellent luminous efficiency. Further, the present inventors have found that it has excellent long-life characteristics and excellent thermal stability such as glass transition temperature (Tg) as well as physical characteristics such as charge mobility and electrical stability. In particular, when carborane is substituted with a triphenylamine-based or carbazole-based compound as an aromatic compound, preferably, when the aromatic compound is substituted at the para (p-) position of carborane, a high glass transition temperature. And having excellent charge mobility and the like. Furthermore, it has been found that when an alkyl group is bonded to the phenyl group of the aromatic compound, the aromatic compound has better characteristics.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明で提供する化合物は、カルボラン(carborane)が芳香族化合物(aromatic compound)で置換された構造を有する。具体的に、B10C2H2で表される立体構造のカルボランが芳香族化合物で置換された構造を有する。この際、前記芳香族化合物は、カルボランのHの代りに1個または2個が置換されていてもよい。 The compound provided by the present invention has a structure in which a carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound. Specifically, it has a structure in which a carborane having a three-dimensional structure represented by B 10 C 2 H 2 is substituted with an aromatic compound. In this case, one or two aromatic compounds may be substituted for carborane H.
前記芳香族化合物は、分子内に1個または2個以上のフェニル基を有するものであれば特に制限されない。カルボランのH位に芳香族化合物のフェニル基が置換結合する。 The aromatic compound is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more phenyl groups in the molecule. The phenyl group of the aromatic compound is substituted and bonded to the H position of carborane.
好ましい具現例により、前記芳香族化合物は、1個以上のフェニル基と1個以上の窒素(N)原子を有する化合物から選択される。例えば、芳香族化合物は、フェニル基と窒素(N)を有する化合物であって、電荷移動度に優れたトリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物などから選択されることが好ましい。カルボランが、芳香族化合物としてトリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物で置換された場合、ガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱的特性および電荷移動度などの電気的特性などにおいて好ましい。 According to a preferred embodiment, the aromatic compound is selected from compounds having one or more phenyl groups and one or more nitrogen (N) atoms. For example, the aromatic compound is a compound having a phenyl group and nitrogen (N), and is preferably selected from a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound having excellent charge mobility. When carborane is substituted with a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound as an aromatic compound, it is preferable in terms of thermal characteristics such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and electrical characteristics such as charge mobility.
本発明において、前記トリフェニルアミン系化合物は、分子内に3個のフェニル基と1個以上の窒素(N)を有するものであれば特に制限されない。トリフェニルアミン系化合物は、例えば、分子内に3個のフェニル基と1個以上の窒素(N)を有するトリフェニルアミンを含み、前記トリフェニルアミンにいずれの他の化合物が結合していてもよい。例えば、トリフェニルアミンのフェニル基に、一つ以上のアルキル、アリール(一つ以上のフェニル基を有する化合物)およびヘテロ環化合物などが結合していてもよい。 In the present invention, the triphenylamine-based compound is not particularly limited as long as it has three phenyl groups and one or more nitrogen (N) in the molecule. The triphenylamine compound includes, for example, triphenylamine having three phenyl groups and one or more nitrogen (N) in the molecule, and any other compound is bonded to the triphenylamine. Good. For example, one or more alkyls, aryls (compounds having one or more phenyl groups), and heterocyclic compounds may be bonded to the phenyl group of triphenylamine.
また、本発明において、前記カルバゾール系化合物は、分子内に一つ以上のカルバゾール構造を有するものであれば特に制限されない。カルバゾール系化合物は、具体的に、窒素(N)を含む5員環の両面に6員環のフェニル基(ベンゼン環)が2個結合したカルバゾールを有するものであれば特に制限されず、前記カルバゾールにいずれの他の化合物が結合していてもよい。例えば、カルバゾールに、一つ以上のアルキル、アリール(一つ以上のフェニル基を有する化合物)およびヘテロ環化合物などが結合していてもよい。 In the present invention, the carbazole compound is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more carbazole structures in the molecule. The carbazole-based compound is not particularly limited as long as it has carbazole in which two 6-membered phenyl groups (benzene rings) are bonded to both surfaces of a 5-membered ring containing nitrogen (N). Any other compound may be bound to. For example, one or more alkyls, aryls (compounds having one or more phenyl groups), heterocyclic compounds, and the like may be bonded to carbazole.
好ましい具現例により、前記芳香族化合物は、フェニル基を有し、前記フェニル基には、一つ以上のアルキル基(CnH2n+1−;ここで、nは、特に制限されず、例えば、1〜20である。)が結合していることが好ましい。このように、芳香族化合物のフェニル基にアルキル基が結合している場合、電気化学的安定性などにおいて有利である。 According to a preferred embodiment, the aromatic compound has a phenyl group, and the phenyl group includes one or more alkyl groups (C n H 2n + 1 −; where n is not particularly limited, for example, 1 It is preferable that it is couple | bonded. Thus, when the alkyl group is bonded to the phenyl group of the aromatic compound, it is advantageous in terms of electrochemical stability.
例えば、前記芳香族化合物がトリフェニルアミン系化合物から選択される場合、前記トリフェニルアミン系化合物の3個のフェニル基のうち少なくとも1個以上のフェニル基には一つ以上のアルキル基が結合していることが好ましい。また、前記芳香族化合物がカルバゾール系化合物から選択される場合、前記カルバゾール系化合物の2個のフェニル基のうち少なくとも1個以上のフェニル基には一つ以上のアルキル基が結合していることが好ましい。 For example, when the aromatic compound is selected from triphenylamine compounds, at least one alkyl group is bonded to at least one of the three phenyl groups of the triphenylamine compound. It is preferable. Further, when the aromatic compound is selected from carbazole compounds, at least one of the two phenyl groups of the carbazole compound may have one or more alkyl groups bonded thereto. preferable.
また、本発明で提供する化合物は、2個の芳香族化合物で置換された構造を有することが好ましい。すなわち、カルボランが、前記のような芳香族化合物2個で置換されていることが好ましい。より具体的な具現例により、本発明で提供する化合物は、下記化1または化2で表される化合物から選択されることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the compound provided by this invention has a structure substituted by two aromatic compounds. That is, the carborane is preferably substituted with two aromatic compounds as described above. According to a more specific embodiment, the compound provided by the present invention is preferably selected from compounds represented by the following chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
化1および化2中、CBは、カルボランである。また、前記化1および化2中、R1、R2、R3およびR4は、互いに同じであるか異なっていてもよく、これらは、それぞれ、水素(H)またはアルキル基である。前記アルキル基は特に制限されない。すなわち、アルキル基の炭素数は特に制限されない。アルキル基は、例えば、C1〜C20の炭素数を有していてもよい。 In Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, CB is carborane. In the chemical formulas 1 and 2, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different from each other, and these are hydrogen (H) or an alkyl group, respectively. The alkyl group is not particularly limited. That is, the carbon number of the alkyl group is not particularly limited. The alkyl group may have, for example, C1 to C20 carbon atoms.
前記アルキル基は、具体例としては、メチル基(methyl group)、エチル基(ethyl group)、プロピル基(propyl group)およびブチル基(butyl group)などから選択されてもよく、これらに制限されない。また、前記プロピル基(propyl group)は、n−プロピル基(n−propyl group)およびi−プロピル基(iso−propyl group)を含み、前記ブチル基(butyl group)は、n−ブチル基(n−butyl group)、i−ブチル基(iso−butyl group)およびt−ブチル基(tertiary−butyl group)を含む。前記化1および化2におけるR1、R2、R3およびR4から選択される一つ以上は、アルキル基であることが好ましい。 Specific examples of the alkyl group may include, but are not limited to, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a butyl group. The propyl group includes an n-propyl group and an i-propyl group, and the butyl group includes an n-butyl group (n -Butyl group), i-butyl group (iso-butyl group) and t-butyl group (tertiary-butyl group). One or more selected from R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 are preferably alkyl groups.
前記化1および化2に示すように、カルボラン(CB)が、2個の芳香族化合物で置換されることが好ましい。化1は、カルボラン(CB)が、芳香族化合物として2個のトリフェニルアミン系化合物で置換された構造を示すものであり、化2は、カルボラン(CB)が、芳香族化合物として2個のカルバゾール系化合物で置換された構造を示すものである。 As shown in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, carborane (CB) is preferably substituted with two aromatic compounds. Chemical formula 1 shows a structure in which carborane (CB) is substituted with two triphenylamine compounds as aromatic compounds, and chemical formula 2 shows that carborane (CB) has two aromatic compounds. The structure substituted by the carbazole type compound is shown.
この際、カルボランが2個の芳香族化合物で置換された場合、前記2個の芳香族化合物は、カルボランのオルト(o−)、メタ(m−)またはパラ(p−)位に置換されていてもよい。芳香族化合物は、好ましくは、カルボランのm−位またはp−位に置換されていてもよく、より好ましくは、p−位に置換されていてもよい。芳香族化合物がp−位に置換された場合、高いガラス転移温度(Tg)および電荷移動度などを有する。 In this case, when the carborane is substituted with two aromatic compounds, the two aromatic compounds are substituted at the ortho (o-), meta (m-) or para (p-) position of the carborane. May be. The aromatic compound may preferably be substituted at the m-position or p-position of the carborane, more preferably at the p-position. When the aromatic compound is substituted at the p-position, it has a high glass transition temperature (Tg), charge mobility, and the like.
上述のように、本発明に係る化合物は、カルボランが、芳香族化合物(好ましくは、トリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物)で置換された構造を有する。下記化3および化4には、数個の本発明に係る化合物の具体例を構造式で示している。この際、下記化3および化4中、カルボラン(−B10C2−)は分子模型で示している。また、下記化3および化4中、R5はアルキル基である。 As described above, the compound according to the present invention has a structure in which carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound (preferably a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound). In the following chemical formulas 3 and 4, specific examples of several compounds according to the present invention are shown by structural formulas. At this time, in the following chemical formulas 3 and 4, carborane (-B 10 C 2- ) is represented by a molecular model. In the following chemical formulas 3 and 4, R 5 is an alkyl group.
本発明に係る化合物は、具体例として、下記化3および化4で示された群から選択されてもよい。好ましくは、芳香族化合物がトリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール系化合物から選択される構造を示すものであって、下記化4で示された群から選択されてもよく、これらの中でもアルキル基(R5)が結合したものから選択されることが好ましい。この際、化4にはフェニル基に1個のアルキル基(R5)が結合したものを示しているが、フェニル基には1個〜4個のアルキル基(R5)が結合していてもよい。また、本発明に係る化合物は、下記化3および化4で示された群のうち、好ましくは、芳香族化合物がカルボランのp−位に結合した化合物から選択されてもよい。 The compound which concerns on this invention may be selected from the group shown by following Chemical formula 3 and Chemical formula 4 as a specific example. Preferably, the aromatic compound has a structure selected from a triphenylamine-based compound or a carbazole-based compound, and may be selected from the group represented by the following chemical formula 4. Among these, an alkyl group (R 5 ) is preferably selected from those bound. At this time, the chemical formula 4 shows that one alkyl group (R 5 ) is bonded to the phenyl group, but one to four alkyl groups (R 5 ) are bonded to the phenyl group. Also good. In addition, the compound according to the present invention may be preferably selected from compounds in which an aromatic compound is bonded to the p-position of carborane among the groups represented by the following chemical formulas 3 and 4.
一方、本発明に係る化合物は、様々な方法で合成(製造)することができる。好ましい具現例により、カルボランがトリフェニルアミン系化合物で置換される場合、これは、例えば、Br(bromine)で置換されたトリフェニルアミンを合成した後、これに触媒と溶媒などの存在下でカルボラン(o−、m−、またはp−)を置換反応させて合成(化1におけるR1、R2、R3およびR4がHであるもの)してもよい。他の例として、アルキルトリフェニルアミンを合成した後、これに触媒と溶媒などの存在下でカルボラン(o−、m−、またはp−)を置換反応させて合成(化1中、R1、R2、R3およびR4がアルキル基であるもの)してもよい。なお、触媒と溶媒などの存在下で、カルバゾール(またはアルキル基が結合したカルバゾール)にカルボラン(o−、m−、またはp−)を置換反応させて合成(化2中、R1、R2、R3およびR4がHまたはアルキル基であるもの)してもよい。 On the other hand, the compound according to the present invention can be synthesized (manufactured) by various methods. According to a preferred embodiment, when carborane is substituted with a triphenylamine-based compound, for example, after synthesizing triphenylamine substituted with Br (bromine), carborane is added to the carborane in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent. (O-, m-, or p-) may be substituted and synthesized (in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3, and R 4 in Chemical Formula 1 are H). As another example, after synthesizing alkyltriphenylamine, it is synthesized by substitution reaction of carborane (o-, m-, or p-) in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent (in the chemical formula 1, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be an alkyl group). In the presence of a catalyst and a solvent, carbazole (or carbazole to which an alkyl group is bonded) is subjected to substitution reaction with carborane (o-, m-, or p-) (in the chemical formula 2, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are H or an alkyl group).
上述のように、本発明に係る化合物は、カルボランが、芳香族化合物(好ましくは、トリフェニルアミン系化合物またはカルバゾール化合物)で置換された特定構造の化合物であって、これは、高い三重項エネルギー(ET)と広いエネルギーバンドギャップを有する。また、ガラス転移温度(Tg)などの熱安定性と電荷移動度などの電気的特性が、従来、通常用いられるTAPCやカルバゾール化合物と比較して優れている。 As described above, the compound according to the present invention is a compound having a specific structure in which carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound (preferably a triphenylamine compound or a carbazole compound), which has a high triplet energy. (ET) and a wide energy band gap. Further, thermal stability such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and electrical characteristics such as charge mobility are superior to those of conventionally used TAPC and carbazole compounds.
これにより、本発明に係る化合物は、熱安定性と電気的特性(電荷輸送特性など)などが要求される製品、例えば、有機EL素子(OLED)、より具体的な例として、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の電荷輸送体に適用されて、優れた発光効率を具現する。また、本発明に係る化合物は、電気化学的安定性が高くて、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)などの素子において長寿命特性を有する。 Accordingly, the compound according to the present invention is a product that requires thermal stability and electrical characteristics (such as charge transport characteristics), such as an organic EL element (OLED), and more specifically, blue phosphorescent organic. It is applied to a charge transporter of an EL element (PhOLED) to realize excellent luminous efficiency. In addition, the compound according to the present invention has high electrochemical stability, and has long life characteristics in an element such as a blue phosphorescent organic EL element (PhOLED).
一方、本発明に係る電荷輸送材料は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有する。本発明に係る電荷輸送材料は、例えば、有機EL素子(OLED)、具体例として、青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)の電荷(正孔および電子)輸送体として有用に用いられ、好ましくは、正孔輸送体として非常に有用に用いられる。 On the other hand, the charge transport material according to the present invention contains the compound according to the present invention. The charge transport material according to the present invention is usefully used as a charge (hole and electron) transporter of, for example, an organic EL element (OLED), specifically, a blue phosphorescent organic EL element (PhOLED), preferably, It is very useful as a hole transporter.
また、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有する。具体的に、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、通常、多数の有機薄膜層を有することができ、この際、前記多数の有機薄膜層のうち少なくとも一つ以上の層は、前記本発明に係る化合物を電荷輸送材料として含む。 Moreover, the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention contains the compound according to the present invention. Specifically, the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention can usually have a number of organic thin film layers, and at least one of the plurality of organic thin film layers is The compound according to the present invention is included as a charge transport material.
具体的な具現例により、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、通常、アノード(anode)と、前記アノード上に形成された正孔輸送層(HTL)と、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)上に形成された発光層(EML)と、前記発光層(EML)上に形成された電子輸送層(ETL)と、前記電子輸送層(ETL)上に形成されたカソード(cathode)と、を含む多層構造を有することができる。 According to a specific embodiment, the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention typically includes an anode, a hole transport layer (HTL) formed on the anode, and the hole transport. A light emitting layer (EML) formed on the layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL) formed on the light emitting layer (EML), and a cathode (cathode) formed on the electron transport layer (ETL). And a multilayer structure including:
また、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、場合に応じて、前記アノードと正孔輸送層(HTL)との間に形成された正孔注入層(hole injection layer、HIT)と、前記電子輸送層(ETL)とカソードとの間に形成された電子注入層(electron injection layer、EIL)から選択される一つ以上をさらに含んでもよい。なお、本発明に係る青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)は、前記各層を支持するための基板(substrate)を含んでもよい。 In addition, the blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention has a hole injection layer (HIT) formed between the anode and the hole transport layer (HTL) according to circumstances. And one or more selected from an electron injection layer (EIL) formed between the electron transport layer (ETL) and the cathode. The blue phosphorescent organic EL device (PhOLED) according to the present invention may include a substrate for supporting each layer.
この際、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)、発光層(EML)および電子輸送層(ETL)から選択される一つ以上は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有することが好ましい。好ましくは、少なくとも正孔輸送層(HTL)は、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有することが好ましい。 At this time, it is preferable that at least one selected from the hole transport layer (HTL), the light emitting layer (EML), and the electron transport layer (ETL) contains the compound according to the present invention. Preferably, at least the hole transport layer (HTL) preferably contains the compound according to the present invention.
前記基板は、支持力を有するものであれば特に制限されず、例えば、ガラス基板や高分子基板などから選択されてもよい。また、基板は、フレキシブル(flexible)性を鑑みて高分子基板から選択されてもよく、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)およびポリカーボネート(PC)などから選択される一つ以上の樹脂を含むフィルムを用いてもよい。 The substrate is not particularly limited as long as it has a supporting force, and may be selected from, for example, a glass substrate and a polymer substrate. In addition, the substrate may be selected from a polymer substrate in view of flexibility, for example, one or more selected from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polycarbonate (PC). You may use the film containing these resin.
前記アノードは、特に制限されず、これは、例えば、酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)、酸化インジウム亜鉛(IZO)、酸化タングステン(WO)、酸化スズ(SnO)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)および酸化亜鉛アルミニウム(ZAO)などの酸化金属;窒化チタンなどの窒化金属;金、白金、銀、銅、アルミニウム、ニッケル、コバルト、鉛、モリブデン、タングステン、タンタル、ニオブなどの金属;かかる金属の合金またはヨウ化銅の合金;また、ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェン、ポリピロール、ポリフェニレンビニレン、ポリ(3−メチルチオフェン)、およびポリフェニレンスルファイドなどの伝導性重合体;などから選択される材質からなってもよい。アノードは、具体例として、ITO、IZOおよびWOなどから選択される透明電極から選択されてもよい。 The anode is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tungsten oxide (WO), tin oxide (SnO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and zinc aluminum oxide ( Metal oxide such as ZAO); metal nitride such as titanium nitride; metal such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, niobium; alloys of such metals or copper iodide It may be made of a material selected from alloys; conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyphenylene vinylene, poly (3-methylthiophene), and polyphenylene sulfide. As a specific example, the anode may be selected from transparent electrodes selected from ITO, IZO, WO, and the like.
前記正孔輸送層(HTL)は、上述のように、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有することが好ましい。また、正孔輸送層(HTL)は、前記本発明に係る化合物以外に、従来、通常用いられている正孔輸送物質をさらに含んでもよい。 As described above, the hole transport layer (HTL) preferably contains the compound according to the present invention. The hole transport layer (HTL) may further contain a conventionally used hole transport material in addition to the compound according to the present invention.
前記発光層(EML)は、単層または複数層からなってもよく、これは、電荷輸送のためのホスト(host)と、リン光特性のためのドーパント(dopant)と、を含む。この際、前記ホストは、通常のものを用いるか、前記本発明に係る化合物を含んでもよい。 The light emitting layer (EML) may be composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers, and includes a host for charge transport and a dopant for phosphorescence properties. At this time, the host may be an ordinary one or may contain the compound according to the present invention.
前記発光層(EML)のホストは、通常のものとして、例えば、4,4’−N,N−ジカルバゾールビフェニル(CBP)、1,3−N,N−ジカルバゾールベンゼン(mCP)およびこれらの誘導体を用いてもよい。また、前記ホスト材料は、(4,4’−ビス(2,2−ジフェニル−エテン−1−イル)ジフェニル(DPVBi)、ビス(スチリル)アミン(DSA)系、ビス(2−メチル−8−キノリノラト)(トリフェニルシロキシ)アルミニウム(III)(SAlq)、ビス(2−メチル−8−キノリノラト)(パラ−フェノラート)アルミニウム(III)(BAlq)、3−(ビフェニル−4−イル)−5−(4−ジメチルアミノ)4−(4−エチルフェニル)−1,2,4−トリアゾール(p−EtTAZ)、3−(4−ビフェニル)−4−フェニル−5−(4−tert−ブチルフェニル)−1,2,4−トリアゾール(TAZ)、2,2’,7,7’−テトラキス(ビフェニル−4−イル)−9,9’−スピロフルオレン(Spiro−DPVBI)、トリス(パラ−tert−フェニル−4−イル)アミン(p−TTA)、5,5−ビス(ジメシチルボリル)−2,2−ビチオフェン(BMB−2T)およびペリレン(perylene)などから選択されてもよい。また、前記挙げた材料に、前記本発明に係る化合物を混合して構成してもよい。 As the host of the light emitting layer (EML), for example, 4,4′-N, N-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP), 1,3-N, N-dicarbazolebenzene (mCP), and these Derivatives may be used. The host material may be (4,4′-bis (2,2-diphenyl-ethen-1-yl) diphenyl (DPVBi), bis (styryl) amine (DSA), bis (2-methyl-8- Quinolinolato) (triphenylsiloxy) aluminum (III) (SAlq), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (para-phenolato) aluminum (III) (BAlq), 3- (biphenyl-4-yl) -5 (4-Dimethylamino) 4- (4-ethylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole (p-EtTAZ), 3- (4-biphenyl) -4-phenyl-5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 2,2 ′, 7,7′-tetrakis (biphenyl-4-yl) -9,9′-spirofluorene (Spiro-DPV) I), tris (para-tert-phenyl-4-yl) amine (p-TTA), 5,5-bis (dimesitylboryl) -2,2-bithiophene (BMB-2T), perylene and the like In addition, the above-described materials may be mixed with the compound according to the present invention.
また、前記発光層(EML)のドーパントとしては、通常用いられるFIr6およびFIrpicなどから選択される一つ以上を用いてもよく、その他、DCM1(4−ジシアノメチレン−2−メチル−6−(パラ−ジメチルアミノスチリル)−4H−ピラン)、ジシアノメチレン−2−メチル−6−(ジュロリジン−4−イル−ビニル)−4H−ピラン)、ジシアノメチレン)−2−メチル−6−(1,1,7,7−テトラメチルジュロリジル−9−エニル)−4H−ピラン)、ジシアノメチレン)−2−tert−ブチル−6−(1,1,7,7−テトラメチルジュロリジル−9−エニル)−4H−ピラン)、ジシアノメチレン)−2−イソプロピル−6−(1,1,7,7−テトラメチルジュロリジル−9−エニル)−4H−ピラン)およびナイルレッド(Nile red)およびルブレン(Rubrene)などから選択されてもよい。 In addition, as the dopant of the light emitting layer (EML), one or more selected from the commonly used FIr6 and FIrpic may be used. In addition, DCM1 (4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- (para -Dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran), dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- (julolidin-4-yl-vinyl) -4H-pyran), dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (1,1, 7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl) -4H-pyran), dicyanomethylene) -2-tert-butyl-6- (1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl) ) -4H-pyran), dicyanomethylene) -2-isopropyl-6- (1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl) -4H-pyran) And Nile Red (Nile red) and rubrene (Rubrene) may be selected from such.
前記電子輸送層(ETL)は、通常のものを用いるか、前記本発明に係る化合物を含有してもよい。電子輸送層(ETL)は、通常のものとして、例えば、アリール置換オキサジアゾール、アリール置換トリアゾール、アリール置換フェナントロリン、ベンゾオキサゾールおよびベンゾチアゾール化合物などから選択されてもよく、具体例として、4−ビス[N−(1−ナフチル)−N−フェニル−アミノ]ビフェニル(BAlq)、1,3−ビス(N,N−t−ブチル−フェニル)−1,3,4−オキサジアゾール(OXD−7)、3−フェニル−4−(1’−ナフチル)−5−フェニル−1,2,4−トリアゾール(TAZ)、およびトリス(8−キノリナト)アルミニウム(III)(Alq3)などが挙げられる。また、前記挙げた物質に、前記本発明に係る化合物を混合して構成してもよい。 The electron transport layer (ETL) may be a normal one or may contain the compound according to the present invention. The electron transport layer (ETL) may be selected from conventional, for example, aryl-substituted oxadiazoles, aryl-substituted triazoles, aryl-substituted phenanthrolines, benzoxazoles, and benzothiazole compounds. [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl (BAlq), 1,3-bis (N, Nt-butyl-phenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole (OXD-7 ), 3-phenyl-4- (1′-naphthyl) -5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), and tris (8-quinolinato) aluminum (III) (Alq3). Further, the above-mentioned substances may be mixed with the compound according to the present invention.
なお、前記正孔注入層(HIL)および電子注入層(EIL)の場合にも通常のものを用いてもよい。これらは、例えば、通常のものとして用いられる4,4’−ビス{N−(1−ナフチル)−N−フェニル−アミノ}ビフェニル(α−NPD)、PEDOT/PSS、銅フタロシアニン(CuPc)、4,4’,4”−トリス(3−メチルフェニルフェニルアミノ)トリフェニルアミン(m−MTDATA)、および4,4’,4”−トリス(N−(2−ナフチル)−N−フェニル−アミノ)−トリフェニルアミン(2−TNATA)などの物質から選択されてもよい。 In the case of the hole injection layer (HIL) and the electron injection layer (EIL), ordinary ones may be used. These include, for example, 4,4′-bis {N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino} biphenyl (α-NPD), PEDOT / PSS, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), 4 , 4 ′, 4 ″ -tris (3-methylphenylphenylamino) triphenylamine (m-MTDATA), and 4,4 ′, 4 ″ -tris (N- (2-naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino) -It may be selected from substances such as triphenylamine (2-TNATA).
前記カソードは、特に制限されず、これは、通常のものを用いてもよい。カソードは、金属から選択されてもよい。カソードは、例えば、Al、Ca、MgおよびAgなどから選択される一つまたは2以上の合金を含んでもよく、具体例として、AlまたはAlを含む合金にLiFがコーティングされたものを用いてもよい。 The cathode is not particularly limited, and a normal cathode may be used. The cathode may be selected from metals. The cathode may include, for example, one or two or more alloys selected from Al, Ca, Mg, Ag, and the like, and as a specific example, an Al or Al-containing alloy coated with LiF may be used. Good.
また、本発明において青色リン光有機EL素子(PhOLED)を構成する前記各層の厚さは特に制限されない。なお、前記各層は、通常の方法、例えば、各層に応じて、スパッタリングなどの真空蒸着法、液状コーティング後の乾燥、またはコーティング後の焼成などにより形成されてもよく、その形成方法は特に制限されない。 In the present invention, the thickness of each layer constituting the blue phosphorescent organic EL element (PhOLED) is not particularly limited. In addition, each said layer may be formed by a normal method, for example, vacuum deposition methods, such as sputtering, drying after liquid coating, or baking after coating according to each layer, and the formation method in particular is not restrict | limited. .
以下、本発明の実施例および比較例を示す。下記の実施例は本発明の理解を容易にするために提供されるものであって、これによって本発明の技術的範囲が限定されない。 Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are shown below. The following examples are provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
[実施例1]
以下の過程によりカルボランのo−位がカルバゾール化合物で置換された化合物を合成(製造)した。
[Example 1]
A compound in which the carborane o-position was substituted with a carbazole compound was synthesized (manufactured) by the following process.
1.カルバゾールに炭酸カリウム(potassium carbonate)、パラジウムリン酸三カリウム(palladium tripotasium phospate)を滴加して攪拌した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてジカルバゾイルエチレン(dicabazoylethylene)を分離した。 1. Potassium carbonate and palladium tripotasium phospate were added dropwise to carbazole and stirred, and then dicarbazoylethylene was separated using column chromatography.
2.前記のジカルバゾイルエチレン(dicabazoylethylene)に溶媒のベンゼンの存在下でo−カルボラン(o−carborane)を加えて攪拌した。攪拌した溶液を無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去し、溶媒を除去した。次に、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて最終生成物を分離取得した。 2. To the dicarbazoylethylene, o-carborane was added and stirred in the presence of benzene as a solvent. Water was removed from the stirred solution using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, and the solvent was removed. Next, the final product was separated and obtained using column chromatography.
前記のように合成した本実施例1による最終生成物は、o−位がカルバゾール化合物で置換された化合物であって、下記の化5に示す通りであり、これは、1H−NMR分析により確認した。 The final product synthesized in Example 1 as described above was a compound in which the o-position was substituted with a carbazole compound, as shown in Chemical Formula 5 below, which was determined by 1 H-NMR analysis. confirmed.
[実施例2]
下記のような過程によりカルボランのm−位がカルバゾール化合物で置換された化合物を合成(製造)した。
[Example 2]
A compound in which the m-position of carborane was substituted with a carbazole compound was synthesized (manufactured) by the following process.
1.カルバゾールにK2CO3(potassiumcarbonate)、パラジウムリン酸三カリウム(palladium tripotassiumphosphate)を滴加して攪拌した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてジカルバゾイルエチレン(dicarbazoylethylene)を分離した。 1. K 2 CO 3 (potassium carbonate) and palladium tripotassium phosphate were added dropwise to carbazole and stirred, and then dicarbazoylethylene was separated using column chromatography.
2.前記のジカルバゾイルエチレン(dicarbazoyl ethylene)を溶媒のジメチルエーテル(DME)に溶解し、0℃でn−プチルリチウム(n−BuLi)を滴加した。次に、溶媒のピリジン(Pyridine)と塩化銅(copper chloride)をさらに加えて反応させた。次に、反応した溶液を無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去し、溶媒を除去した。次に、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて最終生成物を分離取得した。 2. The dicarbazoyl ethylene was dissolved in dimethyl ether (DME) as a solvent, and n-butyl lithium (n-BuLi) was added dropwise at 0 ° C. Next, pyridine (Pyridine) and copper chloride (copper chloride) were further added and reacted. Next, water was removed from the reacted solution using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, and the solvent was removed. Next, the final product was separated and obtained using column chromatography.
前記のように合成した本実施例2による最終生成物は、m−位がカルバゾール化合物で置換された化合物であって、下記の化6に示す通りであり、これは、1H−NMR分析により確認した。 The final product synthesized in Example 2 as described above was a compound in which the m-position was substituted with a carbazole compound, as shown in the following chemical formula 6, which was determined by 1 H-NMR analysis. confirmed.
[実施例3]
前記実施例2と比較して、カルボランとしてm−カルボランの代わりにp−カルボラン(p−carborane)を用いたこと以外は同様にして合成(製造)した。
[Example 3]
Compared to Example 2, the compound was synthesized (manufactured) in the same manner except that p-carborane was used instead of m-carborane as carborane.
前記のように合成した本実施例3による最終生成物は、p−位がカルバゾール化合物で置換された化合物であって、下記の化7に示す通りであり、これは、1H−NMR分析により確認した。 The final product according to Example 3 synthesized as described above was a compound in which the p-position was substituted with a carbazole compound, as shown in the following chemical formula 7. This was determined by 1 H-NMR analysis. confirmed.
[実施例4]
以下の過程によりカルボランのp−位がトリフェニルアミンで置換された化合物を合成(製造)した。
[Example 4]
A compound in which the p-position of carborane was substituted with triphenylamine was synthesized (manufactured) by the following process.
1.ジフェニルアミン(diphenylamine)と1,4−ジブロモベンゼン(1,4−dibromobenzene)をPd(OAc)2(palladium acetylacetate)、ナトリウムtert−ブトキシド(Sodiumtertbutoxide)、DPPFおよびトルエンが存在する溶液に滴加して12時間攪拌した。次に、無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてBr(bromine)で置換されたトリフェニルアミン(triphenyl amine)を分離した。 1. Diphenylamine and 1,4-dibromobenzene are added dropwise to a solution containing Pd (OAc) 2 (palladium acetylacetate), sodium tert-butoxide, DPPF and toluene. Stir for hours. Next, after removing water using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, triphenylamine substituted with Br (bromine) was separated using column chromatography.
2.前記のBrで置換されたトリフェニルアミン(triphenyl amine)を溶媒のテトラヒドロフラン(THF)で溶解した後、この溶液を−78℃に維持した。次に、温度を下げた後、n−プチルリチウム(n−BuLi)を加えて30分間還流溶液の温度を維持して、ホウ酸トリメチル(trimethoxyborate)を加えて反応させた。次に、無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去した後、溶媒を除去した。次に、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて生成されたトリフェニルアミンボロン酸(triphenyl amine boronic acid)を分離した。 2. After triphenylamine substituted with Br was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent, this solution was maintained at -78 ° C. Next, after the temperature was lowered, n-butyl lithium (n-BuLi) was added to maintain the temperature of the reflux solution for 30 minutes, and trimethoxyborate was added for reaction. Next, after removing moisture using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, the solvent was removed. Next, the triphenylamine boronic acid produced | generated using column chromatography was isolate | separated.
3.前記のトリフェニルアミン−4−ボロン酸(triphenyl amine−4−boronic acid)にp−カルボラン(p−carborane)、Pd(PPh3)4(Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium)およびK2CO3(potassium carbonate)を加え、溶媒のジメチルエーテル(DME)と蒸留水を滴加して140℃で12時間攪拌した。攪拌した溶液を無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去し、溶媒を除去した。次に、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて最終生成物を分離取得した。 3. Triphenylamine-4-boronic acid is added to p-carborane, Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (Tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium) and K 2 CO 3 (potassium carbonate). ), Dimethyl ether (DME) as a solvent and distilled water were added dropwise and stirred at 140 ° C. for 12 hours. Water was removed from the stirred solution using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, and the solvent was removed. Next, the final product was separated and obtained using column chromatography.
前記のように合成した本実施例4による最終生成物は、p−位がトリフェニルアミンで置換された化合物であって、下記の化8に示す通りであり、これは、1H−NMR分析により確認した。 The final product synthesized in Example 4 as described above was a compound in which the p-position was substituted with triphenylamine, as shown in the following chemical formula 8, which was obtained by 1 H-NMR analysis. Confirmed by
[実施例5]
以下の過程により、p−位がトリフェニルアミンで置換され、前記トリフェニルアミンにはメチル基(Me)が結合した化合物を合成(製造)した。
[Example 5]
Through the following process, a compound in which the p-position was substituted with triphenylamine and a methyl group (Me) was bonded to the triphenylamine was synthesized (manufactured).
1.4−ブロモトルエン(4−bromotoluene)とベンジルアミン(benzylamine)をキサントホス(Xantphos)、パラジウム(Pd)、ナトリウムtert−ブトキシド(Sodium tertbutoxide)、およびトルエン(toluene)が存在する溶液に滴加して、14時間還流温度で攪拌した。次に、無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてメチル基(Me)で置換されたトリフェニルアミン(triphenyl amine)を分離した。 1. 4-Bromotoluene and benzylamine are added dropwise to a solution containing xantphos, palladium (Pd), sodium tert-butoxide, and toluene. And stirred at reflux temperature for 14 hours. Next, after removing moisture using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, triphenylamine substituted with a methyl group (Me) was separated using column chromatography.
2.前記のメチル基(Me)で置換されたトリフェニルアミン(4,4’−dimethyltriphenylamine)にトリクロロメタン(trichloromethane)を滴加して溶解し、N−ブロモサクシニミド(N−bromosuccimide)を混合して140℃の高い温度で攪拌する。次に、無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去し、溶媒を除去した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてp−メチルトリフェニルアミン(p−Methyl triphenyl amine)を分離した。 2. Trichloromethane is added dropwise and dissolved in triphenylamine (4,4'-dimethyltriphenylamine) substituted with the methyl group (Me), and N-bromosuccimide is mixed. And stir at a high temperature of 140 ° C. Next, water was removed using anhydrous magnesium sulfide and the solvent was removed, and then p-methyltriphenylamine was separated using column chromatography.
3.前記のp−メチルトリフェニルアミン(p−Methyl triphenyl amine)に溶媒のジメチルエーテル(DME)とピリジン(Pyridine)を3:1の体積比で滴加した後、0℃に維持し、n−プチルリチウム(n−BuLi)を滴加した。次に、得られた溶液を還流温度で40分間維持した後、p−カルボランを滴加した。次に、塩化銅(copper Chloride)を加えて140℃で攪拌した。攪拌した溶液を無水硫化マグネシウムを用いて水分を除去し、カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて最終生成物を分離取得した。 3. After adding dimethyl ether (DME) and pyridine (Pyridine) in a volume ratio of 3: 1 to the p-Methyl triphenyl amine, the solution was maintained at 0 ° C., and n-butyl lithium (N-BuLi) was added dropwise. The resulting solution was then maintained at reflux temperature for 40 minutes before p-carborane was added dropwise. Next, copper chloride was added and stirred at 140 ° C. Water was removed from the stirred solution using anhydrous magnesium sulfide, and the final product was separated and obtained using column chromatography.
前記のように合成した本実施例5による最終生成物は、p−位がトリフェニルアミンで置換され、前記トリフェニルアミンのフェニル基にはメチル基(Me)が結合した化合物であって、下記の化9に示す通りであり、これは、1H−NMR分析により確認した。下記の化9中、Meはメチル基(CH3−)である。 The final product according to Example 5 synthesized as described above is a compound in which the p-position is substituted with triphenylamine and a methyl group (Me) is bonded to the phenyl group of the triphenylamine. This was as shown in Chemical Formula 9 and was confirmed by 1 H-NMR analysis. In the following chemical formula 9, Me is a methyl group (CH 3 —).
[比較例1]
従来の正孔輸送層(HTL)を構成する正孔輸送材料として頻繁に用いられる通常のTAPCを本比較例1による試料として用いた。これは、下記の化10に示す構造を有する。下記の化10中、Meはメチル基(CH3−)である。
[Comparative Example 1]
A normal TAPC frequently used as a hole transport material constituting a conventional hole transport layer (HTL) was used as a sample according to the first comparative example. This has the structure shown in Chemical Formula 10 below. In the following chemical formula 10, Me is a methyl group (CH 3 —).
[比較例2]
下記の化11に示すカルバゾール化合物を本比較例2による試料として用いた。
[Comparative Example 2]
A carbazole compound represented by the following chemical formula 11 was used as a sample according to this Comparative Example 2.
前記各実施例(1〜5)および比較例(1および2)による化合物に対し、三重項エネルギー(ET、λex=355nm)、エネルギーバンドギャップ、正孔移動度(Hole mobility)および熱的特性などの物性を評価し、その結果を下記[表1]に示す。熱的特性としては、ガラス移転温度(Tg)と溶融温度(Tm)を評価した。この際、三重項エネルギー(ET)とエネルギーバンドギャップは、レーザ測定器(1 ns pulsed nitrogen laser,Photon Technology International社製、モデル名:GL−3300)を用いて評価し、正孔移動度は、前記レーザ測定器(モデル名:GL−3300)とDigital Oscilloscope(LeCroy社製、モデル名:LC 572A)を用いて分析した。次に、熱的特性(Tg、Tm)は、Perkin−Elmer社製のPysisDiamond DSC測定器を用いて評価した。 Triplet energy (ET, λ ex = 355 nm), energy band gap, hole mobility and thermal properties for the compounds according to the respective examples (1-5) and comparative examples (1 and 2). And the results are shown in [Table 1] below. As thermal characteristics, glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) were evaluated. At this time, triplet energy (ET) and energy band gap were evaluated using a laser measuring instrument (1 ns pulsed nitrogen laser, Photon Technology International, model name: GL-3300), and hole mobility was The analysis was performed using the laser measuring device (model name: GL-3300) and Digital Oscilloscope (manufactured by LeCroy, model name: LC 572A). Next, thermal characteristics (Tg, Tm) were evaluated using a Pysis Diamond DSC measuring instrument manufactured by Perkin-Elmer.
前記[表1]を参照すると、本発明によりカルボランが芳香族化合物(トリフェニルアミン系またはカルバゾール系化合物)で置換された実施例(1〜5)による化合物は、従来の比較例(1および2)と比較して、同様なレベルの三重項エネルギー(ET)を有するか、それ以上の3.0eV以上の高い三重項エネルギー(ET)を有することが分かる。また、比較例(1および2)より広いエネルギーバンドギャップを有することが分かる。また、正孔移動度と熱的特性も非常に高いことが分かる。 Referring to [Table 1], the compounds according to Examples (1-5) in which carborane is substituted with an aromatic compound (triphenylamine-based or carbazole-based compound) according to the present invention are compared with the conventional comparative examples (1 and 2). ) With a similar triplet energy (ET) or higher triplet energy (ET) of 3.0 eV or more. Moreover, it turns out that it has an energy band gap wider than a comparative example (1 and 2). It can also be seen that the hole mobility and thermal properties are also very high.
なお、前記実施例1〜3の結果を参照すると、カルバゾールの置換位置に応じて特性が異なることが分かる。すなわち、置換基であるカルバゾールがカルボランのo−位ではなくm−位に結合した場合において良好な特性を示すことが分かる。また、p−位に置換された場合に最も良好な特性を示した。特に、ガラス移転温度(Tg)において、o−位やm−位に置換された場合よりp−位に置換された場合において、10℃以上の高い熱的特性を有することが分かる。 In addition, when the result of the said Examples 1-3 is referred, it turns out that a characteristic changes according to the substitution position of carbazole. That is, it can be seen that when the carbazole substituent is bonded to the m-position instead of the o-position of the carborane, good characteristics are exhibited. In addition, the best characteristics were obtained when substituted at the p-position. In particular, it can be seen that the glass transition temperature (Tg) has a higher thermal property of 10 ° C. or higher when substituted at the p-position than when substituted at the o-position or m-position.
また、実施例4および実施例5を比較すると、トリフェニルアミンにメチル基(Me)が結合した場合、すなわち、実施例5による化合物の場合において、正孔移動度およびガラス移転温度(Tg)が、メチル基(Me)が存在しない実施例4の場合より良好な結果を示すことが分かる。 Further, when Example 4 and Example 5 are compared, when a methyl group (Me) is bonded to triphenylamine, that is, in the case of the compound according to Example 5, the hole mobility and the glass transition temperature (Tg) are It can be seen that better results are obtained than in the case of Example 4 where no methyl group (Me) is present.
一方、前記実施例4および実施例5による化合物に対し、電気化学的安定度を評価した。電気化学的安定度は、当業界において通常用いられているCV(Cyclic voltammetry)曲線により評価し、その結果を添付の図1および図2に示す。図1は実施例4による化合物のCV曲線であり、図2は実施例5による化合物のCV曲線である。 On the other hand, the electrochemical stability of the compounds according to Example 4 and Example 5 was evaluated. The electrochemical stability is evaluated by a CV (Cyclic voltammetry) curve usually used in the art, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. FIG. 1 is a CV curve of the compound according to Example 4, and FIG. 2 is a CV curve of the compound according to Example 5.
図1および図2に示すように、CVにより、カルボランがトリフェニルアミンで置換され、トリフェニルアミンのフェニル基にメチル基(Me)が結合した化合物(実施例5)が、メチル基(Me)が存在しない化合物(実施例4)に比べて電気化学的に安定していることが分かる。これは、化合物の電気化学的安定性による長寿命特性を有することができることを意味する。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a compound in which carborane is substituted with triphenylamine by CV and a methyl group (Me) is bonded to the phenyl group of triphenylamine (Example 5) is converted into a methyl group (Me). It can be seen that it is electrochemically stable compared to the compound in which no exists (Example 4). This means that it can have long life characteristics due to the electrochemical stability of the compound.
<素子の製造>
[素子の実施試料1〜3]
ガラス基板上にアノードとしてITO薄膜を蒸着した後、前記アノード(ITO)上に通常と同様な蒸着方法で正孔注入層(HIL)、正孔輸送層(HTL)、発光層(EML)、電子輸送層(ETL)およびカソードを形成した。正孔注入層(HIL)としては、通常用いられるNDPを使用し、発光層(EML)としては、通常用いられるホスト(CBP)とトーパント(FIr6)を9:1のモル比で使用した。また、電子輸送層(ETL)とカソードは、通常用いられるSiTAZとLiF/Alをそれぞれ使用して、ガラス/アノード/HIL(NPD)/HTL/EML(CBP+FIr6)/ETL(SiTAZ)/カソードの積層構造を有するPhOLEDを製造した。
<Manufacture of elements>
[Device implementation samples 1 to 3]
After depositing an ITO thin film as an anode on a glass substrate, a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), a light emitting layer (EML), an electron are deposited on the anode (ITO) in the same manner as usual. A transport layer (ETL) and a cathode were formed. As the hole injection layer (HIL), commonly used NDP was used, and as the light emitting layer (EML), a commonly used host (CBP) and tomato (FIr6) were used in a molar ratio of 9: 1. In addition, the electron transport layer (ETL) and the cathode are each formed of glass / anode / HIL (NPD) / HTL / EML (CBP + FIr6) / ETL (SiTAZ) / cathode by using commonly used SiTAZ and LiF / Al. A PhOLED having a structure was manufactured.
この際、前記正孔輸送層(HTL)は、各実施試料に応じて異なるものを用いた。具体的に、実施試料1は、前記実施例1による化合物を用いて、実施試料2は、前記実施例2による化合物を用いた。また、実施試料3の場合には、前記実施例3による化合物を用いた。 At this time, the hole transport layer (HTL) used was different depending on each implementation sample. Specifically, Example 1 used the compound according to Example 1, and Example 2 used the compound according to Example 2. In the case of Example 3, the compound according to Example 3 was used.
[素子の比較試料1および2]
前記と同様にしてPhOLEDを製造するが、異なる正孔輸送層(HTL)を用いた。具体的に、比較試料1の場合には、前記比較例1による化合物(TAPC)を用いて、比較試料2の場合には、前記比較例2による化合物(カルバゾール)を用いた。
[Comparative samples 1 and 2 of the device]
A PhOLED was produced in the same manner as described above, but using a different hole transport layer (HTL). Specifically, in the case of comparative sample 1, the compound (TAPC) according to comparative example 1 was used, and in the case of comparative sample 2, the compound (carbazole) according to comparative example 2 was used.
前記のように製造した各実施試料(1〜3)および比較試料(1および2)によるPhOLEDに対し、電流密度を持たせる最小駆動電圧(VON)と、12Vでの電流密度を評価した。また、発光輝度(cd/A)、発光効率(lm/W)および色座標(CIE)などの素子特性を評価した。 With respect to the PhOLEDs produced in the above-described samples (1 to 3) and comparative samples (1 and 2), the minimum driving voltage (V ON ) for giving current density and the current density at 12V were evaluated. In addition, device characteristics such as light emission luminance (cd / A), light emission efficiency (lm / W), and color coordinates (CIE) were evaluated.
本発明の実施試料によるPhOLEDは、従来の比較試料と比較して、高い電流密度を有することは言うまでもなく、発光輝度(Cd/A)と発光効率(1m/W)などの素子特性に優れることが分かる。また、芳香族化合物(カルバゾール系)がカルボランのp−位に置換された化合物を用いた実施試料3の場合、発光特性に非常に優れており、4.5Vの低い電圧で駆動されることが分かる。 The PhOLED according to the implementation sample of the present invention is superior in device characteristics such as light emission luminance (Cd / A) and light emission efficiency (1 m / W), as a matter of course, as compared with the conventional comparative sample. I understand. In addition, in the case of Example 3 using a compound in which an aromatic compound (carbazole type) is substituted at the p-position of carborane, the emission characteristics are very excellent, and it is driven at a low voltage of 4.5V. I understand.
一方、PhOLEDを構成するにあたり、前記と同様にして実施するが、正孔輸送層(HTL)としてトリフェニルアミンにメチル基(Me)が結合した前記実施例5による化合物を用いた素子と、正孔輸送層(HTL)として通常のTAPCを用いた前記比較試料1による素子に対して寿命特性を評価した。 On the other hand, a PhOLED is constructed in the same manner as described above except that a device using the compound according to Example 5 in which a methyl group (Me) is bonded to triphenylamine as a hole transport layer (HTL) The lifetime characteristics were evaluated for the element of Comparative Sample 1 using normal TAPC as the hole transport layer (HTL).
寿命特性は、光学的特性および電気的特性の測定が完了したPhOLEDに対し、DC−powersupply(ED−200E)を用いてDC−powerを供給して輝度計で寿命(lifetime)を測定した。この際、lifetimeの測定は、初期輝度の半分になる時点を半減期とし、この半減期までの時間をlifetimeとした。評価結果、前記実施例5による化合物を用いた素子の場合には871時間、前記比較試料1による素子の場合には428時間の半減期となり、本発明に係る素子試料が2倍以上の長寿命特性を有することが分かる。 The lifetime characteristics were measured with a luminance meter by supplying DC-power to a PhOLED whose optical characteristics and electrical characteristics had been measured using a DC-power supply (ED-200E). At this time, in the measurement of lifetime, the half-life was the time when it was half of the initial luminance, and the time until this half-life was defined as lifetime. As a result of the evaluation, the device using the compound according to Example 5 has a half-life of 871 hours, and the device using Comparative Sample 1 has a half-life of 428 hours. It can be seen that it has characteristics.
以上の実施例を参照すると、本発明に係る化合物(電荷輸送材料)は、高い三重項エネルギー(ET)と広いエネルギーバンドギャップを有することが分かる。また、正孔移動度などの電気的特性に優れ、特に、ガラス移転温度(Tg)などの熱安定性に非常に優れることが分かる。また、熱安定性とともに電気化学的にも安定して、長寿命特性を有することが分かる。なお、これを適用したPhOLEDは、優れた発光特性を有することが分かる。 Referring to the above examples, it can be seen that the compound according to the present invention (charge transport material) has a high triplet energy (ET) and a wide energy band gap. Further, it can be seen that the electrical characteristics such as hole mobility are excellent, and particularly the thermal stability such as glass transition temperature (Tg) is very excellent. Further, it can be seen that it has a long life characteristic because it is stable electrochemically as well as thermally stable. In addition, it turns out that PhOLED which applied this has the outstanding light emission characteristic.
熱安定性および電気的特性が向上した新規化合物を含み、長寿命特性を有する電荷輸送材料および青色リン光有機EL素子を提供する。 Provided are a charge transport material and a blue phosphorescent organic EL device having a long-life characteristic, including a novel compound having improved thermal stability and electrical characteristics.
Claims (15)
(式中、CBは、カルボランであり;R1、R2、R3およびR4は、それぞれ水素またはアルキル基である。) The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is represented by the following chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
(Wherein CB is carborane; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each hydrogen or an alkyl group.)
前記アノード上に形成された正孔輸送層(HTL)と、
前記正孔輸送層(HTL)上に形成された発光層(EML)と、
前記発光層(EML)上に形成された電子輸送層(ETL)と、
前記電子輸送層(ETL)上に形成されたカソードと、を含み、
前記正孔輸送層(HTL)、発光層(EML)および電子輸送層(ETL)から選択される一つ以上が、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を含有する、青色リン光有機EL素子。
An anode,
A hole transport layer (HTL) formed on the anode;
A light emitting layer (EML) formed on the hole transport layer (HTL);
An electron transport layer (ETL) formed on the light emitting layer (EML);
A cathode formed on the electron transport layer (ETL),
The blue phosphorus, wherein one or more selected from the hole transport layer (HTL), the light emitting layer (EML) and the electron transport layer (ETL) contains the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Photo-organic EL element.
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JP2015207657A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-19 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element |
CN107353302A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-17 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of carborane derivative material based on carbazole and preparation method and application |
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EP3279964A4 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2018-12-12 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd. | Organic-electroluminescent-element material, and organic electroluminescent element using same |
KR101739189B1 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2017-05-23 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | Phosphorescent iridium compound containing fixed carboranes, and organic light emitting diode using the same |
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JP2015207657A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-11-19 | 新日鉄住金化学株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element |
CN107353302A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-17 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of carborane derivative material based on carbazole and preparation method and application |
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JP5760282B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
KR101482559B1 (en) | 2015-01-19 |
WO2013094834A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
WO2013094834A9 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
KR20130070507A (en) | 2013-06-27 |
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