JP2014526014A - 海洋熱エネルギー変換発電プラント冷水パイプ接続 - Google Patents
海洋熱エネルギー変換発電プラント冷水パイプ接続 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/14—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom
- F16L1/15—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom vertically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/22—Pipes composed of a plurality of segments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract
Description
前述のように、OTEC運用は、冷水源を要求する。温水と冷水との間の温度差の変動は、OTEC発電プラントの全体的効率に大きく影響を及ぼし得る。したがって、約40°Fにおける水が、温度がOTEC発電プラントの場所に対するその最大冷温限界またはその近傍にある2700フィート〜4200フィート以上の深度から引き込まれる。長い取込口パイプは、OTEC発電プラントによって使用するために、この冷水を表面まで引くために必要とされる。そのような冷水パイプは、好適な性能および耐久性のパイプを構築する際のコストのため、商業的に実行可能なOTEC運用の障害となっている。
約3000フィートの連続オフセット側板パイプの現場構築を促進する冷水パイプアセンブリが、提供される。加えて、側板設計は、セグメント化されたパイプ構造によって従来経験されていた不利な発送および取扱負荷を考慮する。例えば、従来のように構築されたセグメント化された冷水パイプの牽引および反転は、パイプに危険な負荷を課す。
冷水パイプ351とスパープラットフォーム311との間の接続は、構造、保守、および動作上の課題を呈する。例えば、冷水パイプは、動的海洋環境内に懸架される、2000フィート〜4000フィート垂直柱である。冷水パイプが接続する、プラットフォームまたは船もまた、動的海洋環境内に浮遊する。さらに、パイプは、理想的には、水線下で、いくつかの側面では、水線のはるか下方かつ船の底部近傍で接続される。完全に組み立てられたパイプを適切な位置に操作し、パイプを船またはプラットフォームに固定させることは、困難なタスクである。
プラットフォーム/冷水パイプ(CWP)接続は、任意のOTECシステムの重要側面を表すことを理解されるであろう。この界面における軽故障は、OTEC熱機関への冷水供給の熱汚染をもたらし、発電プラントの全体的効率に悪影響を及ぼし得る。重故障は、船の底部への損傷、冷水パイプの上部への損傷、および最終的には、冷水パイプの分離および損失をもたらし得る。前述のように、典型的には、プラットフォーム/CWP接続は、CWPを支持し、プラットフォームとCWPとの間の相対的角運動(ピッチ、ロール、およびヨー)を可能にする。これは、プラットフォームまたはCWPが、互に対して特定の角度で移動する場合のいかなる応力集中も緩和させる。ジンバルまたは球継手設計は、相対的角運動に対応することができる。波動、動揺、およびうねり等のCWPとプラットフォームとの間の線形運動もまた、例えば、ダンパ、動作停止装置等の運動補償機構によって考慮されることができる。
本発明はさらに、例えば、以下を提供する。
(項目1)
OTECシステムとの使用のための海上構造であって、
下側部分を有する水中スパーを備え、前記下側部分は、
冷水パイプと流体連通しているドーム状終端を備えている冷水取込口と、
1つ以上の冷水供給ポンプと、1つ以上の冷水パイプ吊上および保持ウインチとを備えている乾燥機械空間であって、前記ウインチは、前記冷水パイプに接続された吊上ケーブルを有する、乾燥機械空間と
を備えている、海上構造。
(項目2)
前記冷水取込口は、前記機械空間の総デッキ面積の少なくとも10%のデッキ面積を有する、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目3)
前記冷水取込口は、前記乾燥機械空間の中心空間を占有する、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目4)
前記冷水供給ポンプは、前記冷水取込口と流体連通し、かつ冷水を1つ以上のOTEC凝縮器に供給する冷水分配プレナムと流体連通している、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目5)
前記吊上ケーブルは、専用錨鎖パイプを通して前記船体を貫通する、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目6)
前記冷水取込口の真下に位置する吊上金具筐体をさらに備え、前記吊上ケーブルは、前記冷水パイプの上部部分上の吊上金具に接続され、前記吊上金具は、前記吊上金具筐体内で係合し、密閉するように適合されている、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目7)
前記吊上金具筐体は、防水上部面密閉および1つ以上の防水円周密閉をさらに備えている、項目6に記載の海上構造。
(項目8)
ボール係止システムをさらに備え、前記ボール係止システムは、
前記冷水取込口の下方に配列されている2つ以上の係止区画であって、前記2つ以上の係止区画は、前記冷水パイプの上部部分が、前記2つ以上の係止区画間に着座することを可能にするように適合されている、2つ以上の係止区画と、
作動モータおよびピストンであって、前記ピストンは、防水密閉を通過する、作動モータおよびピストンと、
前記ピストンの内向き端におけるボール係止と
を備えている、項目1に記載の海上構造。
(項目9)
前記ボール係止は、前記ピストンの起動に応じて、前記冷水パイプ上の嵌合表面と係合するように適合されている、項目8に記載の海上構造。
(項目10)
前記ボール係止は、前記冷水パイプの嵌合表面と可逆的に係合可能である、項目8に記載の海上構造。
(項目11)
前記2つ以上のボール係止は、冷水パイプの嵌合表面と係合し、前記海上構造に対する前記冷水パイプの垂直または側方移動を防止する、項目8に記載の海上構造。
(項目12)
冷水パイプを海上OTEC構造に接続する方法であって、
1つ以上の吊上ケーブルを、乾燥機械空間から、専用貫通錨鎖パイプを通して海上構造の下側水中部分を貫通させることと、
前記1つ以上の吊上ケーブルを前記冷水パイプの上部部分上の1つ以上の吊上金具に接続することと、
前記吊上ケーブルを後退させることであって、それにより、前記冷水パイプが前記海上構造の冷水パイプ受け取りベイに進入し、前記1つ以上の吊上金具が1つ以上の吊上金具筐体内に着座することにより、前記貫通に防水密閉を提供し、前記1つ以上の吊上ケーブルは、前記貫通から通される、ことと
を含む、方法。
(項目13)
前記吊上ケーブルが後退され、前記吊上金具が、前記吊上金具筐体内に着座された後、前記錨鎖パイプの内部を乾燥させ、前記吊上ケーブルの腐食を防止することをさらに含む、項目12に記載の方法。
(項目14)
1つ以上のボール係止を前記海上構造から延ばし、前記冷水パイプの嵌合表面を係合して、前記海上構造に対する前記冷水パイプの垂直または水平移動を防止することをさらに含む、項目12に記載の方法。
(項目15)
冷水パイプであって、
海上構造の下側部分に取り付くように構成されている上部部分を備え、前記冷水パイプの前記上部部分は、
前記冷水パイプ材料内に埋設された円周の構造と、
前記埋設された円周の構造に係留されている1つ以上の吊上金具と、
前記海上構造の下側部分内に位置するボール係止システムとの係合のために、前記埋設された構造に固定されている2つ以上のボール係止コンタクトと、
を備えている、冷水パイプ。
(項目16)
前記埋設された構造は、鋼鉄から成る、項目15に記載の冷水パイプ。
(項目17)
前記埋設された構造は、前記冷水パイプの前記上部部分の周りに埋設された複数の鋼鉄プレートである、項目15に記載の冷水パイプ。
(項目18)
側板構造を有する下側部分をさらに備えている、項目15に記載の冷水パイプ。
(項目19)
前記冷水パイプの上側部分は、前記冷水パイプの前記側板下側部分と同一の材料から成る、項目18に記載の冷水パイプ。
(項目20)
前記冷水パイプの前記吊上金具は、前記海上構造の前記下側部分における乾燥機械空間内の吊上ウインチに通じる吊上ケーブルに接続されている、項目18に記載の冷水パイプ。
Claims (20)
- OTECシステムとの使用のための海上構造であって、
下側部分を有する水中スパーを備え、前記下側部分は、
冷水パイプと流体連通しているドーム状終端を備えている冷水取込口と、
1つ以上の冷水供給ポンプと、1つ以上の冷水パイプ吊上および保持ウインチとを備えている乾燥機械空間であって、前記ウインチは、前記冷水パイプに接続された吊上ケーブルを有する、乾燥機械空間と
を備えている、海上構造。 - 前記冷水取込口は、前記機械空間の総デッキ面積の少なくとも10%のデッキ面積を有する、請求項1に記載の海上構造。
- 前記冷水取込口は、前記乾燥機械空間の中心空間を占有する、請求項1に記載の海上構造。
- 前記冷水供給ポンプは、前記冷水取込口と流体連通し、かつ冷水を1つ以上のOTEC凝縮器に供給する冷水分配プレナムと流体連通している、請求項1に記載の海上構造。
- 前記吊上ケーブルは、専用錨鎖パイプを通して前記船体を貫通する、請求項1に記載の海上構造。
- 前記冷水取込口の真下に位置する吊上金具筐体をさらに備え、前記吊上ケーブルは、前記冷水パイプの上部部分上の吊上金具に接続され、前記吊上金具は、前記吊上金具筐体内で係合し、密閉するように適合されている、請求項1に記載の海上構造。
- 前記吊上金具筐体は、防水上部面密閉および1つ以上の防水円周密閉をさらに備えている、請求項6に記載の海上構造。
- ボール係止システムをさらに備え、前記ボール係止システムは、
前記冷水取込口の下方に配列されている2つ以上の係止区画であって、前記2つ以上の係止区画は、前記冷水パイプの上部部分が、前記2つ以上の係止区画間に着座することを可能にするように適合されている、2つ以上の係止区画と、
作動モータおよびピストンであって、前記ピストンは、防水密閉を通過する、作動モータおよびピストンと、
前記ピストンの内向き端におけるボール係止と
を備えている、請求項1に記載の海上構造。 - 前記ボール係止は、前記ピストンの起動に応じて、前記冷水パイプ上の嵌合表面と係合するように適合されている、請求項8に記載の海上構造。
- 前記ボール係止は、前記冷水パイプの嵌合表面と可逆的に係合可能である、請求項8に記載の海上構造。
- 前記2つ以上のボール係止は、冷水パイプの嵌合表面と係合し、前記海上構造に対する前記冷水パイプの垂直または側方移動を防止する、請求項8に記載の海上構造。
- 冷水パイプを海上OTEC構造に接続する方法であって、
1つ以上の吊上ケーブルを、乾燥機械空間から、専用貫通錨鎖パイプを通して海上構造の下側水中部分を貫通させることと、
前記1つ以上の吊上ケーブルを前記冷水パイプの上部部分上の1つ以上の吊上金具に接続することと、
前記吊上ケーブルを後退させることであって、それにより、前記冷水パイプが前記海上構造の冷水パイプ受け取りベイに進入し、前記1つ以上の吊上金具が1つ以上の吊上金具筐体内に着座することにより、前記貫通に防水密閉を提供し、前記1つ以上の吊上ケーブルは、前記貫通から通される、ことと
を含む、方法。 - 前記吊上ケーブルが後退され、前記吊上金具が、前記吊上金具筐体内に着座された後、前記錨鎖パイプの内部を乾燥させ、前記吊上ケーブルの腐食を防止することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上のボール係止を前記海上構造から延ばし、前記冷水パイプの嵌合表面を係合して、前記海上構造に対する前記冷水パイプの垂直または水平移動を防止することをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 冷水パイプであって、
海上構造の下側部分に取り付くように構成されている上部部分を備え、前記冷水パイプの前記上部部分は、
前記冷水パイプ材料内に埋設された円周の構造と、
前記埋設された円周の構造に係留されている1つ以上の吊上金具と、
前記海上構造の下側部分内に位置するボール係止システムとの係合のために、前記埋設された構造に固定されている2つ以上のボール係止コンタクトと、
を備えている、冷水パイプ。 - 前記埋設された構造は、鋼鉄から成る、請求項15に記載の冷水パイプ。
- 前記埋設された構造は、前記冷水パイプの前記上部部分の周りに埋設された複数の鋼鉄プレートである、請求項15に記載の冷水パイプ。
- 側板構造を有する下側部分をさらに備えている、請求項15に記載の冷水パイプ。
- 前記冷水パイプの上側部分は、前記冷水パイプの前記側板下側部分と同一の材料から成る、請求項18に記載の冷水パイプ。
- 前記冷水パイプの前記吊上金具は、前記海上構造の前記下側部分における乾燥機械空間内の吊上ウインチに通じる吊上ケーブルに接続されている、請求項18に記載の冷水パイプ。
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US20160025076A1 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
EP3269977A1 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
EP3269977B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
JP6149036B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
US20130042613A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
CN107201995A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
CN103874853B (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
EP2758663A2 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
KR101970230B1 (ko) | 2019-08-13 |
BR112014003495A2 (pt) | 2017-03-01 |
BR112014003495B1 (pt) | 2021-04-20 |
WO2013025807A3 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
KR20140050105A (ko) | 2014-04-28 |
US9909571B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
JP2017075614A (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
EP2758663B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 |
US9151279B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
CN103874853A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2758663A4 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
WO2013025807A2 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
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