JP2014231567A - Permeable fine particle grout material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a permeable fine particle grout material obtained by impregnating the gap between the sand particles of sandy soil or the like with fine particles consisting of slag, hydrated lime and water in which, particularly, the fine particle sizes and the particle distributions of the slag and the hydrated lime regulated, thus its impregnation properties are improved.SOLUTION: Provided is a permeable particulate grout material consisting of slag, hydrated lime and water made of the fine particles to be impregnated into the space between the sand particles of sandy soil, and in which the upper limit of the particle diameter of the slag and the hydrated lime is 28 μm, the lower limit thereof is 0.6 μm, and also, the ratio between the hydrated lime/the slag of the fine particle diameter on the maximum side of 20% and on the minimum side of 20% lies in the range of 0.8 to 1.3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a permeable fine particle grout material in which fine particles composed of slag, slaked lime, and water are permeated into a gap between soil particles such as sandy soil, and more particularly, permeable fine particles in which the particle size and particle distribution of slag and slaked lime are adjusted. It relates to grout materials.

  In the grouting method for reinforcing the ground of soft ground such as sandy soil, cement and slag-lime are used as the grouting when strength is required. Such a grout is infiltrated into a gap between soil particles such as sandy soil. For this reason, the finely divided fine particles contained in the grout exhibit different properties during penetration between cement and slag-lime.

  In the factory, for example, fine particles obtained by finely pulverizing early-strength cement are composed of the same composition regardless of the particle size, and can be uniformly cured.

  On the other hand, since slag and slaked lime have different manufacturing methods at different factories, the fine particle distribution ratio of finely divided fine particles is often different.

  The slag is obtained by pulverizing hard granulated slag obtained by quenching ore generated when refining iron from ore in a blast furnace into fine particles, and the fine particle distribution ratio is, for example, as shown in the slag of Table 1 described later. It has been adjusted to a specific range. That is, since the slag contains almost no maximum (coarse particles) and minimum (fine particles) of the fine particle distribution, the dispersion of the distribution is small.

  On the other hand, slaked lime is produced by calcining limestone produced in various parts of the country and then finely sizing coarse slaked lime particles that are softer than slag made by adding water. Although it differs slightly depending on the manufacturing-processing manufacturer, in any case, the amount of fine particles increases. For this reason, the fine particle distribution of slaked lime is widely dispersed.

  Among these, commercially available JIS special names and finer limes called “special”, for example “slaked lime 3” shown in Table 1, have an average particle size smaller than that of slag. Is very large, but also includes large particles, and the dispersion of the particle distribution is wide.

  In general, the average particle size or the brain value (specific surface area) is used as a scale for expressing the size of these particles. On the other hand, it is generally said that in order to allow fine particles to permeate into the gaps in sandy soil, the fine particles only penetrate into unit gaps 10 times or more that of fine particles. For this reason, even if a small amount of large particles is present, penetration into the soil particle gap is inhibited.

  Moreover, slag and lime have the following relationship with each other. Slag cannot be cured well unless slaked lime, which is an alkali stimulant, coexists uniformly. If the upper and lower limit values of particle diameters of slag and slaked lime and the particle distribution ratio are greatly different, the same permeation behavior cannot be achieved, a difference in the degree of curing occurs, and the strength also varies.

For this reason, if the amount of slaked lime is very small relative to the slag per unit of grout, the hardening expression is delayed, and conversely, if the amount of slaked lime is very large, the hardening is fast, but the strength is low. It becomes a consolidated body.
In Patent Document 1, slaked lime is included as lime, slag is included as silicate, and the particle diameter is 30 μm or less.
However, the slaked lime and slag are pulverized by grinding a mixture of hard slag and slaked lime, which is softer than slag, to a size of 30 μm or less. The phenomenon that occurs.
For this reason, when it inject | pours into the ground, the problem that the same osmosis | permeation behavior cannot be performed and it becomes a non-uniform solidified body arises.
Furthermore, even if the particles are 30 μm or less, there is a problem that the permeability is inhibited if the maximum side is contained in a large amount.
Although these problems are not clarified in Patent Document 1, the mixture particles of slag and slaked lime are simply set to 30 μm or less, but the effect of the difference in the particle size distribution ratio on the penetration is not described.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-142084

  Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to infiltrate fine particles composed of slag, slaked lime, and water into a sand particle gap such as sandy soil. In the permeable fine particle grout material, it is providing the permeable fine particle grout material which adjusted especially the fine particle diameter of slag and slaked lime, and particle distribution.

  The permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 1 is a permeable fine particle grout material made up of slag and slaked lime made of fine particles that permeate into the soil particle gaps of sandy soil, and water, the slag and slaked lime particles. The upper limit is 28 μm, the lower limit is 0.6 μm, and the slaked lime / slag ratio is 0.8 to 1.3 with a fine particle diameter of 20% on the maximum side and 20% on the minimum side.

  In the permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, the upper limit of the particle diameter is 26.61 μm, the lower limit is 0.73 μm, and the upper limit of the particle diameter is 23.50 μm. It is made of slaked lime having a lower limit of 0.97 μm, the maximum 5% particle diameter of slag is 18.62 μm or more, and the maximum 5% particle diameter of slag is 17.43 μm or more.

  A method of infiltrating the permeable fine particle grout material into the ground has a step of infiltrating the permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 1 into the ground, and in the above step, the osmotic pipe in which the sand 5 was buried at a porosity of 43% When the permeable fine particle grout material grout is naturally infiltrated from a height of 6 cm to 70 cm, the infiltration distance reaches 70.0 cm or more after 5 minutes from the start of infiltration.

  In the present invention having the above-described configuration, in the permeable fine particle grout material in which fine particles composed of slag, slaked lime, and water are permeated into a gap between soil particles such as sandy soil, in particular, the fine particle diameter and particle distribution of slag and slaked lime The permeability is improved by adjusting.

It is a figure which shows the result of having actually measured the particle size distribution of the particle diameter of slag and slaked lime in the permeable fine particle grout material to which this invention is applied.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The permeable fine particle grout material to which the present invention is applied is an permeable fine particle grout material composed of fine particle slag, lime, and water that penetrates into a gap between soil particles such as sandy soil. This permeable fine particle grout material has an upper limit of 28 μm and a lower limit of 0.6 μm of particle diameters of slag and lime, and a lime / slag ratio of 0.87 to 1.24 with a particle diameter of 20% on the maximum side and 20% on the minimum side. It consists of a range.

  FIG. 1 shows the result of actually measuring the particle size distribution of the particle diameters of slag and slaked lime in the permeable fine particle grout material to which the present invention is applied. The upper limit here is the maximum side of the coarse particles in the slag and slaked lime particle size distribution shown in FIG. 1, and the lower limit is the minimum side of the fine particles. Furthermore, even if the upper and lower limits of the particle size distribution are defined, it is necessary to clarify the particle size distribution ratio of the particle diameter between the upper limit and the lower limit. For this reason, in the present invention, the slaked lime / slag ratio at the maximum 20% particle size and the minimum 20% particle size is within the range of 0.8 to 1.3, and preferably the slaked lime / slag ratio is 0. It is characterized in that it is adjusted within the range of .87 to 1.24.

  The maximum 20% here means the top 20% cumulative from the maximum particle size. In other words, the maximum 20% means 0.2 from the top of the cumulative frequency of particles. The minimum side 20% here means the cumulative lower 20% and the cumulative upper 80% from the minimum particle size. That is, the minimum side 20% indicates 0.2 from the bottom of the cumulative frequency of particles.

  On the other hand, whether or not the particles constituting the permeable fine particle grout material can penetrate into the gaps between the soil particles such as sandy soil is not the average particle size of the particles, but more than 5% on the maximum side in the particle distribution (cumulative frequency of particles) It has also been found that the presence of 0 to 0.05) particles from the top is greatly affected.

  In other words, no matter how fine the minimum particle diameter is, if the particle size of 5% or more on the maximum side is large, clogging will occur as the fine particles penetrate into the soil particle gap such as sandy soil, and the subsequent infiltration Newly found to inhibit.

  From such a penetration phenomenon, in the present invention, the upper limit of the particle size is 28 μm including 5% or more on the maximum side.

  On the other hand, the minimum side is based on the slag particle distribution, and the same is applied to slaked lime, and the lower limit is 0.6 μm.

  That is, in the present invention, the upper limit of the particle diameter of slag and slaked lime is 28 μm, and the lower limit is adjusted to 0.6 μm.

  Moreover, the slaked lime added to slag should just be what can fully harden slag, and it is preferable to use it, mixing lime 0.15-0.5 weight part with respect to 1 weight part of slag. Slag begins to harden by the action of slaked lime, which is an alkali stimulant.

  For this reason, it shows the tendency that it hardens early, so that there is much slaked lime, and hardening expression becomes slow, so that there is little slaked lime.

  However, slaked lime does not affect the strength so much, and the strength is mainly determined by slag. Accordingly, in the present invention, the amount of lime is increased when it is desired to cure early, and conversely, the amount of slaked lime is decreased when curing does not have to be so fast.

  In addition, in order to harden slag practically, 0.15 weight part of slaked lime is made into a minimum with respect to the slag weight part 1, and an upper limit is 0.7 weight part, Preferably it is 0.50 weight part.

  Incidentally, as a method of injecting the permeable fine grain grout material to which the present invention is applied into the ground, it is one-part, that is, a grout in which water, slag and slaked lime are mixed in a mixing tank is pumped to the ground by a single injection pump. This is done by the method of injection.

  As shown in FIG. 1 described above, the slag and slaked lime used in the present invention have an upper limit of 28 μm and a lower limit of 0.6 μm of slag and slaked lime, and a particle size of 20% on the maximum side and 20% on the minimum side. What was comprised in the range of 0.8-1.3 slaked lime / slag ratio is used.

  In addition, a dispersant, a penetration enhancer, a retarder, a gelling agent, a strength accelerator and the like can be used in combination for the purpose.

  Hereinafter, examples of the permeable fine particle grout material to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail.

  Table 1 shows the physical properties of the fine particle slag and slaked lime used in the experiment. As sandy soil to be permeated, dredged sand No. 5 is used.

  From Table 1, the slag of the present invention example 1 and the slaked lime 1 of the present invention example 2 are almost the same in the maximum diameter, minimum side 5%, 20% particle diameter and minimum diameter, and minimum side 20% particle diameter. The particle size ratio of 20% slaked lime / slag on the maximum and minimum sides of slag and slaked lime was almost the same as slaked lime / slag 0.87-1.24, and the particle distribution was almost the same.

  On the other hand, the slag of Invention Example 1 and the slaked lime 2 of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are greatly different in the maximum diameter, the maximum 20% particle diameter and the minimum diameter, and the minimum 20% particle diameter. In particular, the particle diameter ratio of 20% slaked lime / slag on the maximum side and the minimum side is 0.65 to 1.53 in Comparative Example 1, 0.44 to 1.86 in Comparative Example 2, and particles There is a big difference in distribution. In particular, the slaked lime 2 and the slaked lime 3 have a maximum ratio of 30.56 μm and 40.51 μm at the maximum 5%, and the ratio of coarse particles is very large compared to 18.62 μm of slag.

  Experiments described below were performed using the fine particles, slag, and slaked lime shown in Table 1 above. The apparatus used in this experiment is a transparent vinyl mold with an inner diameter of 5.4 cm and a length of 85 cm, with a discharge port (air hole) in the lower part, a wire net, 3 cm of rough sand, and 70 cm of naturally dried dredged sand No. 5 70 cm. A permeation tube made of 3 cm of rough sand was prepared by tamping it so that the porosity was 43%.

  In the experiment, the amount of the liquid level lowered by infiltration was constantly replenished so that the grout maintained a 6 cm liquid level above the rough sand. Moreover, it stirred slowly with the stirring rod so that fine particles might not settle and separate.

  The composition 1 of the grout of the present invention used in the experiment was 18 g of slag in Table 1, and the slaked lime was 5.5 g of slaked lime 1 and 100 ml of water added to 1 ml of the dispersant (Invention Example 3).

  Moreover, the mixing | blending 2 for a comparison is the same except having replaced the slaked lime 1 of the mixing | blending 1 with the slaked lime 2. FIG. Moreover, the mixing | blending 3 for a comparison is the same except having replaced the slaked lime 1 of the mixing | blending 1 with the slaked lime 3. FIG. (Hereinafter, this Formulation 2 is referred to as Comparative Example 3 and Formulation 3 is referred to as Comparative Example 4). Table 2 shows the relationship between the penetration length of grouts of Formulation 1 and Formulation 2 and time using the above-described permeation tube.

  After the infiltration, the lower discharge port was closed and the grout remaining on the upper part was removed and sealed.

  The permeation rate of Example 3 of the present invention was fast up to 1 minute, but after that, there was a tendency that it slightly slowed with time. In this process, when the permeable fine particle grout material grout is naturally infiltrated from a height of 6 cm into a permeation pipe 70 cm in which silica sand No. 5 is buried at a porosity of 43%, the infiltration distance reaches 70 cm in 5 minutes. Yes.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 are slightly slower than the Inventive Example 3 until the permeation rate of 1 minute, but thereafter, the permeation rate decreases rapidly. When Example 3 of the present invention reached 70 cm, it was still penetrating only 43.3 cm.

  From this, when both were compared, it could be confirmed that Invention Example 3, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 had a large difference in permeability.

  Further, when slaked lime 3 was observed, the slaked lime 3 of Comparative Example 4 formed a thin layer of slaked lime particles having large particles on the sand surface, and further in the gap between the sand particles 1 to 2 cm below the sand surface. It was also confirmed that the white slaked lime particles were clogged and inhibited the penetration. It was also confirmed that slaked lime 2 was less than slaked lime 3 or clogged.

  On the other hand, in the present invention 3, it was confirmed that almost no white slaked lime particles were observed on the sand surface and the gap between the sand particles, and clogging was not caused.

When this invention example 3, comparative example 3, and comparative example 4 were examined, the slaked lime 3 of comparative example 4 had an average particle size of 4.27 μm and a brain value of 24.146 cm ² / g, which were very fine particles as a whole. Despite this, it was found from experiments that coarse particles of 40.51 μm or more are contained at the maximum side of 5% that inhibits the penetration. It could be confirmed. Moreover, compared with 17.43 micrometer of slaked lime 1 by 30.56 micrometers at the maximum side 5% from the slaked lime 2 of the comparative example 3, compared with 17.43 micrometers, it has clogged.

In contrast, the slaked lime 1 of Invention Example 3 has an average particle size of 5.48 μm and a brain value of 9.132 cm ² / g, which is larger as a whole than Comparative Example 3, but the maximum side 5% is 17.43 μm or more. Since there are almost no large particles, clogging does not occur.

  From the above, as in the past, grout penetrability is not evaluated by average particle size or brane value. In fact, even if only a small amount of large particles is used, it greatly affects the quality of penetration. Was confirmed.

  One month after performing the penetration test of Table 2 in Example 2 described above, the permeation-solidified body in Invention Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 was left at the top 5 cm, 5-15 cm (for strength), 15-25 cm (water permeability) 2) were cut and extracted, cured for 3 months in a wet state, and measured for uniaxial compressive strength and hydraulic conductivity. Table 3 shows the results of uniaxial compressive strength, and Table 4 shows the results of water permeability. For comparison, only the permeability coefficient of cinnabar No. 5 (untreated) tamped under the same conditions as the penetration test is measured together.

  From Table 3, the uniaxial compressive strength of the osmotic consolidated body was almost the same in both the inventive example 4 and the comparative example 5. In addition, although Comparative Example 3 is not shown in the experimental examples, the uniaxial compressive strength of the permeation consolidated body was almost the same.

From Table 4, it was confirmed that the permeability coefficient of the osmotic solidified body was on the order of 10 ⁻⁴ , improved by two orders of magnitude compared with untreated (Comparative Example 7), and had a sufficient water-stopping effect. . Inventive Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 had almost no difference in the water permeability coefficient of the permeation consolidated body.

The method for infiltrating the permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 3 into the ground includes the step of infiltrating the permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 1 into the ground .

Claims (3)

An osmotic fine particle grout material composed of slag and slaked lime composed of fine particles to be permeated into the soil particle gap of sandy soil, and water,
The upper limit of the particle size of the slag and the slaked lime is 28 μm, the lower limit is 0.6 μm, and the slag and slag ratio is 0.8 to 1.3 in the fine particle diameter of the maximum 20% and the minimum 20%. Characteristic permeable fine grain grout material. The upper limit of the particle diameter is 26.61 μm and the lower limit is 0.73 μm, and the upper limit of the particle diameter is 23.50 μm, and the lower limit is 0.97 μm.
2. The permeable fine particle grout material according to claim 1, wherein a particle size of 5% of the maximum side of the slag is 18.62 μm or more, and a particle size of the maximum 5% of the slaked lime is 17.43 μm or more. Having the step of infiltrating the permeable fine grain grout material according to claim 1 into the ground,
In the above process, when the permeable fine particle grout material grout is naturally infiltrated from a height of 6 cm into the infiltration pipe 70 cm in which the silica sand No. 5 is filled with a porosity of 43%, the infiltration distance becomes 70. 5 minutes after the start of infiltration. A method of infiltrating into the ground of a permeable fine grain grout material characterized by reaching 0 cm or more.

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