JP2014227738A - Transpiration device and transpiration member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transpiration device capable of enhancing a transpiration effect while maintaining strength.SOLUTION: A transpiration device 1 includes an erected transpiration member 30 and a dripping part 52a that supplies water flowing down through the transpiration member 30. The transpiration member 30 comprises one or more cabinets 31 that have at least a cylindrical side wall part 31w and that are formed of a metal, and a granular material 34 that is made of a porous member infilled into the cabinet 31. A plurality of through-holes 31x are provided in the side wall part 31w of the cabinet 31.

Description

  The present invention relates to a transpiration apparatus and a transpiration member.

  Conventionally, a transpiration device that forms walls and louvers with porous members, supplies water to them, suppresses the surrounding temperature rise by the evaporation heat (vaporization heat) of the water, and thus lowers the temperature of the body It has been known. For example, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a massive porous member is formed in a long shape, water is supplied to the inside of the porous member via a header or the like, and the supplied water is evaporated from the porous member. A technique for obtaining a transpiration effect is disclosed.

JP 2003-139451 A JP2011-144499A JP 2012-225539 A

  However, in the configurations described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the porous member that exhibits the transpiration effect is formed in a long vertical lattice shape, it is relatively easy to receive an impact or the like from the outside. It may be damaged. In addition, since the porous member is agglomerated, the water permeation rate is slow, and even if water is supplied to the inside, it may take time to exhibit the transpiration effect or it may be difficult to obtain the desired transpiration effect.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the transpiration apparatus and the transpiration member which can improve a transpiration effect, maintaining intensity | strength.

  The transpiration apparatus which concerns on one side of this invention is provided with the transpiration member erected and the water supply means which supplies the water which flows down in the transpiration member. The transpiration member is made of metal, and includes one or a plurality of casings having at least a cylindrical side wall portion, and a granular body made of a porous member and filled in the casing. A plurality of through holes are provided in the side wall portion of the housing.

  In this transpiration apparatus, since the transpiration member is formed by filling the inside of the metal casing, the metallic casing functions as the outer shell of the transpiration member, and the strength as a member is improved. In addition, by filling the casing with a granular porous member and supplying water toward the porous member, the porous member can be more water than a conventional transpiration member having a long rod-shaped mass. As the penetration rate increases, the surface area also increases, and the transpiration effect can be further improved. In addition, since the metal casing has higher thermal conductivity than the porous member, the casing is cooled by being in contact with water supplied from the water supply means, or by contacting the porous member. The body is cooled. In this way, by radiating the housing, the radiant heat from the housing can also be reduced, and the ambient temperature can be reduced by these double effects.

  The housing may include a perforated surface portion having a polygonal cross section and a through hole, and a non-porous surface portion not having a through hole. In this case, the granular material comes into contact with the air through the through hole in the perforated surface portion, and the transpiration effect can be further enhanced. In addition, the non-porous surface portion is cooled by the granular material having a low temperature due to the transpiration effect and moisture adhering to the granular material. Thus, by providing a non-porous surface portion in which no through hole is provided, a large contact area between the casing and the granular material and water adhering thereto can be secured, and the casing can be cooled more efficiently. be able to.

  The transpiration member may have a surface lattice shape in which a plurality of housings are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the perforated surface portion may be provided on a surface facing at least an adjacent housing among the side wall portions of the housing. In this case, the vaporization of water is promoted by the passage of air between the opposing surfaces of the adjacent casings, thereby promoting the transpiration effect. In addition, air convection due to temperature difference is created, and the transpiration effect is further promoted. Thus, the radiant heat from a housing | casing can be made small by cooling a housing | casing efficiently.

  The non-porous surface portion may be provided on a surface of the side wall portion of the housing that intersects the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the housing. In this case, the non-porous surface portion is located on the front surface of the casing, and the internal granular material is not exposed to the front surface. Thereby, it is possible to suppress dust in the atmosphere from adhering to the granular material, and it is possible to suppress clogging of the granular material due to the adhesion of the dust, and consequently deterioration of the transpiration performance of the granular material. Moreover, since irradiation of the direct sunlight to a granular material is suppressed to the minimum, generation | occurrence | production of the moss to a granular material can also be suppressed. In addition, UV degradation of the granular material is also suppressed.

  Even if the bottom of the housing is open, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a ridge that is spaced apart from the lower end of the housing, the bottom of the heel receives the granular material in the housing. Good. In this case, since the granular material in the casing is continuously provided up to the bottom of the bowl, the water supplied from the water supply means to the transpiration member is evaporated and disappears or is contained in the granular material. Excess water other than water flows down to the trough as it is, so that the retention of water in the housing is suppressed. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production etc. of the bow flares by the water which stays are suppressed, and also it can prevent that the transpiration effect will be inhibited by warming the water which stays.

  A transpiration member according to one aspect of the present invention includes a casing made of metal and having at least a cylindrical side wall portion, and a granular body that is made of a porous member and is filled in the casing. The side wall portion is provided with a plurality of through holes.

  In this transpiration member, since the transpiration member is formed by filling the inside of the metal casing with the granular material, the metallic casing functions as an outer shell of the transpiration member, and the strength as the member is improved. In addition, by filling the casing with a granular porous member and supplying water toward the porous member, the porous member can be more water than a conventional transpiration member having a long rod-shaped mass. As the penetration rate increases, the surface area also increases, and the transpiration effect can be further improved. In addition, since the metal casing has higher thermal conductivity than the porous member, the casing is cooled by being in contact with water supplied from the water supply means, or by contacting the porous member. The body is cooled. In this way, by radiating the housing, the radiant heat from the housing can also be reduced, and the ambient temperature can be reduced by these double effects.

  According to the present invention, the transpiration effect can be improved while maintaining the strength.

It is a front view of the transpiration apparatus concerning one embodiment. It is a top view of the transpiration apparatus of FIG. It is a side view of the transpiration apparatus of FIG. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the apparatus of FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the VI-VI line of FIG. It is the figure which expanded the principal part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the circulation route of water typically. (A)-(f) is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a housing | casing. It is sectional drawing which shows the perforated surface part and non-perforated surface part provided in the housing | casing, (a) is embodiment, (b) is a figure which shows a modification.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the transpiration apparatus 1 includes a plurality of struts 10, a plurality of horizontal members 20, a transpiration member 30, a basket 40, and a water supply apparatus 50. Here, the transpiration apparatus 1 functions as, for example, a building exterior and partitions the building W side and the road R side (see FIG. 2 and the like). A plurality of support columns 10 are erected along a predetermined straight line at a predetermined interval. The plurality of horizontal members 20 respectively connect adjacent struts 10 at a plurality of positions in the vertical direction of the struts 10.

  The transpiration member 30 includes a plurality of casings 31, side frames 32, side frames 33, granular bodies 34 (see FIGS. 5 and 8), and headboard 35. In particular, the transpiration member 30 has a surface lattice shape in which a plurality of casings 31 are arranged at predetermined intervals. Specifically, the casing 31 is an aluminum tubular member having a square cross section. The upper end and lower end of the housing 31 are open. The casing 31 is formed by, for example, extrusion processing. Moreover, it is not limited to aluminum, You may use the housing | casing 31 formed by giving a bending process to metal board | plate materials, such as steel. The casings 31 extend along the vertical direction, are arranged side by side along the same direction as the direction in which the columns 10 are arranged, and are attached to the horizontal member 20. The casing 31 is separated from the ground G by a predetermined distance. The horizontal member 20 is attached to the surface of the column 10 on the building W side, and the housing 31 is attached to the surface of the horizontal member 20 on the building W side.

  A through hole 31x is provided on a surface of the side wall portion 31w of the housing 31 that intersects the direction in which the housings 31 are arranged, that is, a surface facing the adjacent housing 31. Hereinafter, the surface on which the through hole 31x is provided in the side wall portion 31w is referred to as a “perforated surface portion 31a”. The through hole 31x is formed in such a size that the granular material 34 filled in the housing 31 does not spill from the through hole 31x. Further, the through hole 31x is provided in the central portion (region A in FIG. 6) in the vertical direction of the perforated surface portion 31a. The region A in which the through hole 31x is formed can be, for example, a height position corresponding to a human face and torso, but the position where the region A is provided may be defined in any way. Moreover, as an example, the through hole 31x can be provided so that the aperture ratio is about 30% with respect to the perforated surface portion 31a.

  A through hole 31 x is not provided in a surface other than the perforated surface portion 31 a in the side wall portion 31 w of the housing 31, that is, a surface intersecting with a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the housings 31. Hereinafter, a surface of the side wall portion 31w where the through hole 31x is not provided is referred to as a “non-hole surface portion 31b”. In the present embodiment, of the side wall portion 31w of the housing 31, the surfaces facing the road R side and the building W side are respectively non-porous surface portions 31b.

  The casing 31 is filled with a granular material 34. The granular material 34 is filled up to a position near the upper end of the housing 31. In addition, as the granular material 34, what has a particle size of about 5 mm-20 mm can be used, for example. Moreover, it is a porous member which can hold | maintain water as the granular material 34, For example, granular materials, such as a ceramic, ALC (lightweight cellular concrete), or pumice, can be used.

  The flange 40 extends along the direction in which the casings 31 are arranged at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the lower end of the casing 31. The collar 40 is attached to the horizontal member 20 so that the bottom 40a faces the opening at the lower end of the housing 31 (see FIG. 7). The bottom 40 a of the ridge 40 receives the granular material 34 filled in the housing 31. The granular material 34 is also accommodated in the tub 40. A drain pipe 41 is connected to the bottom 40 a of the jar 40. The drain pipe 41 discharges water accumulated in the tub 40 to the outside of the tub 40. The dredge 40 is attached to the horizontal member 20 with a gentle gradient, and the water in the dredge 40 is discharged from the drain pipe 41 by gravity. However, the eaves 40 may be attached horizontally without providing an inclination.

  The side frames 32 and 33 are arranged at both ends in the arrangement direction of the casings 31 and attached to the horizontal member 20. The side frames 32 and 33 each extend in the vertical direction, the upper end is set to the same height as the casing 31, and the lower end extends to the ground G. Square steel pipes are used as the side frames 32 and 33.

  The cap 35 covers the upper ends of the casing 31 and the side frames 32 and 33. The headboard 35 is fixed to the side frames 32 and 33 and the like.

  The water supply device 50 includes a pump 51 and a supply pipe 52. The supply pipe 52 guides water discharged from the pump 51 to the upper part of each casing 31. The supply pipe 52 extends in the vertical direction in the side frame 32, and further extends in the horizontal direction from the side frame 32 side to the side frame 33 side in the upper portion of the housing 31 (see FIG. 8). Note that a support portion 31c formed by cutting the perforated surface portion 31a into a substantially U shape is provided at the upper end portion of the housing 31 (see FIG. 7). The supply pipe 52 is dropped into the support portion 31c at the upper end portion of the housing 31, and is supported by the support portion 31c. Dropping portions (water supply means) 52 a are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the respective casings 31 at portions extending in the horizontal direction in the supply pipe 52. The dropping unit 52 a has a through hole that connects the inside and outside of the supply pipe 52, and drops the water flowing through the supply pipe 52 into the housing 31. The size and the like of the through holes are set in each dropping unit 52a so that the amount of water dropped on each casing 31 is the same.

  The drain pipe 41 guides the water in the basket 40 to the pump 51. The pump 51 discharges water supplied from the drain pipe 41 to the supply pipe 52.

  The water discharged from the pump 51 passes through a portion extending in the vertical direction of the supply pipe 52 provided in the side frame 32 and extends in the horizontal direction of the supply pipe 52 provided in the upper part of the housing 31. It goes to the side frame 33 side through the part. In the upper part of the casing 31, water is dropped from the dropping part 52 a onto the upper part of the granular body 34 of the casing 31 in the middle of passing through a portion extending in the horizontal direction of the supply pipe 52. In addition, since the granular material 34 is filled to the position near the upper end of the housing 31, the sound of water dripped from the dripping portion 52a is suppressed.

  The water dropped on the upper part of the granular body 34 filled in the casing 31 flows down in the casing 31 through the gaps of the granular body 34 and the like. Water discharged from the lower end of the casing 31 to the outside of the casing 31 is received by the jar 40. The water received by the dredger 40 is led to the pump 51 again through the drain pipe 41. In this way, in the transpiration apparatus 1, the water flowing down in the casing 31 is received by the jar 40, and the water received by the jar 40 is circulated and supplied again to the upper portion of the casing 31.

  The present embodiment is configured as described above, and the metallic casing 31 is used as the outer shell of the transpiration member 30 by filling the granular body 34 into the metal casing 31 to form the transpiration member 30. It functions and the strength as a member improves. Moreover, the granular porous member is filled in the housing 31 as the granular body 34, and water is supplied toward the granular body 34 so that the porous member has a long rod-shaped mass. The permeation rate of water is increased and the surface area is increased as compared with the transpiration member, and the transpiration effect can be further improved. In addition, since the metal casing 31 has higher thermal conductivity than the granular body 34 made of a porous member, the casing 31 is cooled by coming into contact with water dropped from the dropping portion 52a, or the granular body The housing 31 is also cooled by coming into contact with 34. As described above, the casing 31 is cooled, so that the radiant heat from the casing 31 can also be reduced, and the ambient temperature can be reduced by these double effects.

  The housing 31 includes a perforated surface portion 31a and a non-perforated surface portion 31b. Thereby, the granular material 34 contacts air through the through hole 31x of the perforated surface portion 31a, and the transpiration effect can be enhanced. In addition, the non-porous surface portion 31b is cooled by the granular material 34 having a low temperature due to the transpiration effect and moisture adhering to the granular material 34. Thus, by providing the non-hole surface part 31b in which the through hole 31x is not provided, a large contact area between the casing 31 and the granular material 34 and water adhering thereto can be secured. Cooling can be performed more efficiently. In particular, the non-porous surface portion 31b is preferably provided on the surface of the side wall portion 31w of the housing 31 on the side of the building W side and the road R side that is not directly irradiated with sunlight. In this case, the air around the casing 31 can be efficiently cooled using the non-porous surface portion 31b as a cooling surface.

  The perforated surface portion 31 a is provided on the surface of the side wall portion 31 w of the housing 31 that faces the adjacent housing 31. In this case, in this case, the vaporization of water is promoted by passing the air between the opposing surfaces of the adjacent casings 31, thereby promoting the transpiration effect. In addition, air convection due to temperature difference is created, and the transpiration effect is further promoted. As described above, the casing 31 is efficiently cooled, so that the radiant heat from the casing 31 can be reduced.

  The non-porous surface portion 31 b is provided on a surface of the side wall portion 31 w of the housing 31 that intersects the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the housings 31. Since the non-porous surface portion 31b is formed on the front surface of the housing 31 (the road R side or the building W side), the granular material 34 in the housing 31 is not exposed to the front surface. Thereby, it is possible to suppress dust in the atmosphere from adhering to the granular material 34, and it is possible to suppress clogging of the granular material 34 due to the adhesion of the dust, and consequently deterioration in transpiration performance of the granular material 34. Moreover, since the irradiation of the direct sunlight to the granular material 34 is suppressed to the minimum, generation | occurrence | production of the moss to the granular material 34 can also be suppressed. In addition, the ultraviolet degradation of the granular material 34 is also suppressed.

  Since the granular body 34 in the casing 31 is continuously provided up to the bottom 40a of the ridge 40, the water supplied into the casing 31 from the supply pipe 52 evaporates or disappears, or the granular body 34 Excess water other than the water containing water flows down to the ridge 40 as it is, so that the retention of water in the casing 31 is suppressed. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production etc. of the bow flares by the water which stays are suppressed, and also it can prevent that the transpiration effect will be inhibited by warming the water which stays.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the transpiration member 30 in the form of a plane lattice is formed by arranging a plurality of casings 31 side by side. However, the transpiration member 30 may be formed by one wide casing. . Moreover, an opening may be provided in the housing 31 so that the drop of water drops can be visually recognized.

  In the above embodiment, the casing 31 has a cylindrical shape with a square cross section, but the shape of the casing 31 is not limited to a square. For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, a cylindrical casing 131A having a trapezoidal cross section, as shown in FIG. 9B, a cylindrical casing 131B having a triangular cross section, as shown in FIG. ) A cylindrical casing 131C having a hexagonal cross section as shown in FIG. 9, a cylindrical casing 131D having an octagonal cross section as shown in FIG. 9D, and a cross section as shown in FIG. Various shapes can be adopted as the shape of the case, such as a cylindrical case 131E having a circular shape, or a cylindrical case having a polygonal cross section other than these. Further, as a housing 131F illustrated in FIG. 9F, a double winding structure including an outer tube 131Fa and an inner tube 131Fb may be employed as the housing 131F. In this case, the granular material 34 can be filled between the outer tube 131Fa and the inner tube 131Fb.

  A net-like or lattice-like receiving member that receives the granular material 34 may be attached to the lower end of the housing 31. Or you may provide the hole etc. of the grade which the granular material 34 does not flow out in the lower end surface of the housing | casing 31. FIG.

  In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, the surface on the building W side and the road R side of the side wall portion 31w of the housing 31 is the non-porous surface portion 31b, but the housing shown in FIG. Only the front side (building W side) surface to be cooled, such as the body 131G, may be the non-porous surface portion 31b.

  Although the case where the transpiration apparatus 1 is made to function as the exterior of a building was shown in the said embodiment, it can also be made to function as an opening, such as a window front or a deck-like space, or a blindfold of open spaces other than this.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transpiration apparatus, 31 ... Housing | casing, 31a ... Perforated surface part, 31b ... Non-porous surface part, 31x ... Through-hole, 34 ... Granular body, 52a ... Dropping part (water supply means).

Claims (7)

A standing transpiration member, and water supply means for supplying water flowing down in the transpiration member,
The transpiration member is
One or more housings formed of metal and having at least a cylindrical side wall;
A granular material made of a porous member and filled in the housing;
With
A plurality of through holes are provided in the side wall portion of the housing.
Transpiration equipment.   The transpiration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the casing has a polygonal cross section, and includes a perforated surface portion including the through hole and a non-porous surface portion not including the through hole. The transpiration member exhibits a surface lattice shape in which a plurality of the casings are arranged at a predetermined interval,
The transpiration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the perforated surface portion is provided on a surface facing at least an adjacent housing among the side wall portions of the housing.   The transpiration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the non-porous surface portion is provided on a surface of the side wall portion of the housing that intersects a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the housings. The bottom of the housing is open,
Below the housing is provided a ridge disposed away from the lower end of the housing,
The bottom of the bowl receives the granules in the housing;
The transpiration apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-4. A housing made of metal and having at least a cylindrical side wall; and
A porous body, and a granular material filled in the housing,
A plurality of through holes are provided in the side wall portion of the housing.
Transpiration member.   The transpiration member according to claim 6, wherein the casing has a polygonal cross section, and includes a perforated surface portion including the through hole and a non-perforated surface portion not including the through hole.

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