JP2014222424A - Water distribution controller and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an appropriate water distribution control system on the basis of an exact amount estimation of actual demand on a water distributing pipe network.SOLUTION: A water distribution controller 100 for distributing water from a water distribution place 130 to users via a water distributing pipe network 133 stores facility information of the users to which water is supplied from the water distribution place 130 via a water distributing pipe in a user information storage part 120 beforehand, acquires the facility information of the users included in an area for each of divided areas and measurement data of a flowmeter 137, calculates demand pattern for each facility element on the basis of the facility information acquired from a plurality of areas and the measurement data, estimates the amount of demand at a demand point on the basis of the demand pattern and the facility information at the demand point in which a plurality of users are compacted, and controls water distribution on the basis of the estimated amount of demand at each demand point.

Description

  The present invention relates to a water distribution control device and a method thereof.

  In the distribution pipe network that transports water from the distribution reservoir to consumers, the flow rate changes with the fluctuation of demand, and the pressure also changes constantly. In order to use the water comfortably for consumers, it is necessary to distribute water so that the proper end pressure is obtained. For this purpose, pipe network analysis calculation that accurately grasps the pressure and flow rate at each point in the pipe network and Based on this state, water distribution control for controlling water distribution equipment such as pumps and valves is important so that the inside of the pipe network is maintained at an appropriate pressure. For accurate pipe network analysis calculation and water distribution control based on it, it is indispensable to accurately grasp the water demand distribution on the pipe network, which is input information to the pipe network analysis calculation.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, the distribution pipe network is divided into a plurality of areas, and the water demand distribution is uniformly increased or decreased in units of areas. It is described that the water demand distribution is corrected and the water distribution control is performed so that the error is minimized.

JP-A-9-217900

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the same correction is performed in the same area, a similar demand pattern is obtained such that the peak times of water demands coincide at all demand points in the area. Therefore, with the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to accurately estimate water demand, and it is difficult to perform appropriate water distribution control based on accurate demand estimation at each demand point.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a customer information storage unit that stores facility information of a customer who is supplied with water from a distribution reservoir via a distribution pipe network, and customer information that acquires facility information of the customer Based on the acquisition unit, the measurement data acquisition unit that acquires the measurement data of the flow meter or pressure gauge installed on the water distribution network, the facility information acquired for each of the divided areas, and the measurement data, A demand pattern calculation unit that calculates a demand pattern for each facility characteristic element, a demand amount estimation unit that estimates a demand amount at a demand point based on the demand pattern and facility information at a demand point that aggregates a plurality of consumers; A control unit that performs water distribution control based on the estimated amount of demand at each demand point.

  According to the present invention, water distribution control can be appropriately performed based on accurate demand amount estimation at each demand point.

Schematic of the whole structure of a water distribution control system. The flowchart which shows the process which plans the suitable installation place of a flowmeter. The flowchart which shows the process which divides | segments a water distribution pipe network into the area which consists of the collection of the demand points connected by the pipe line without a flowmeter. An example which shows the condition where the water pipe network was divided | segmented into the said area. The flowchart which shows the process which creates the demand pattern according to a customer's facility characteristic. An example of the demand pattern according to the facility characteristic of the created consumer. The flowchart which shows the process which estimates a pipe flow velocity coefficient. The flowchart which shows the process which controls water distribution apparatus (a pump, a valve | bulb).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described below.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a water distribution control system including a water distribution control management device 101, water distribution devices such as a pump 131 and a valve 132, measuring instruments such as a pressure gauge 136 and a flow meter 137, and a network 138. Water in the distribution reservoir 130 is distributed to consumers through a distribution pipe network 133 by a distribution device such as a pump 131 or a valve 132. The water distribution pipe network 133 includes a pipe line 134 and a demand point 135. Here, the demand point 135 is a representative point that aggregates a plurality of consumers. On the water distribution pipe network 133, a pressure gauge 136 for measuring the pressure at several demand points 135 and a flow meter 137 for measuring several pipe flow rates are installed. The pump 131 and the valve 132 are also provided with a pressure gauge 136 and a flow meter 137 (not shown), and measure the water supply amount and supply pressure from the reservoir 130 to the distribution pipe network 133. The water distribution control management device 101 is connected to a pump 131, a valve 132, a pressure gauge 136, and a flow meter 137 through a network 138.

  The water distribution control management device 101 collects measurement data from the water distribution pipe network 133, estimates the demand distribution at each demand point 135 on the water distribution pipe network 133, and at an appropriate pressure for the consumers constituting the demand point 135. The pump 131 and the valve 132 are controlled so as to distribute water. In addition, the water distribution control management device 101 includes a CPU 102, a memory 103, an input device 104, a display device 105, a hard disk 106, a system bus 107, and the like. The CPU 102 is a central processing unit that controls the operation of the entire water distribution control management device 101 and executes predetermined processing according to various programs in the hard disk 106. The memory 103 is a storage device that loads various programs and various data. The input device 104 is a device for inputting information registered in various tables and information necessary for executing various programs, such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a CD / DVD drive device. The display device 105 is a device for displaying registration information of various tables, execution results of various programs, and the like, for example, a display device. The hard disk 106 is a recording device that stores various programs 110 to 117 and various tables 120 to 123 on a magnetic disk. The system bus 106 is a path that mediates transmission and reception of control information and various data between various devices.

  The input data registration program 110 is a program for registering and managing information about customers and information about water distribution pipe networks in a predetermined table. The flow meter installation location planning program 111 is a program for planning an appropriate installation location of the flow meter 137 on the distribution pipe network 133. The data measurement program 112 is a program that acquires pressure values and flow values measured from the pressure gauge 136 and the flow meter 137, registers them in a predetermined table, and manages them. The demand pattern creation program 113 is a program that creates a demand pattern for each facility characteristic of a customer, which is necessary for estimation of demand distribution on the distribution pipe network 133. The demand estimation program 114 is a program for estimating a demand distribution on the distribution pipe network 133 (a demand amount for each time zone for each demand point 135). The pipe network analysis calculation program 115 is a program for performing pipe network analysis calculation of the water distribution pipe network 133 using the estimated demand distribution as input information. The pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 is a program for estimating a pipe flow velocity coefficient that is a parameter of a pipe network model of the distribution pipe network 133 necessary for pipe network analysis calculation. The water distribution equipment control program 117 is a program for determining and controlling the rotation speed of the pump 131 and the opening of the valve 132 so that the pressure at each demand point 135 becomes an appropriate pressure.

  The customer information management table 120 is a table for managing information related to customers such as facility characteristic information for each customer and meter reading data of water usage. The pipe network information management table 121 is a table for managing information related to the water distribution pipe network 133 such as the pipeline 134 and the demand point 135. The information related to the water distribution pipe network 133 is information necessary for pipe network analysis calculation. The measurement data management table 122 is a table for managing the pressure value and the flow rate value for each time measured by the pressure gauge 136 and the flow meter 137. The demand pattern management table 123 is a table for managing a demand pattern for each facility characteristic of a customer, which is necessary for estimating a demand distribution on the distribution pipe network 133.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, in the water distribution control management device 101, the various programs 110 to 117 in the hard disk 106 are executed by the CPU 101, whereby the following various processes (1) to (9) are realized. It will be possible to accurately estimate water demand in consideration of facility characteristics of consumers, and to perform pipe network analysis and water distribution equipment control based on it.

(1) Registration of information about consumers.
(2) Registration of information about water distribution network.
(3) Planning of the appropriate installation location of the flow meter (detailed explanation in FIGS.
(4) Collection of measured values of pressure and flow rate.
(5) Creation of a demand pattern for each facility characteristic of a consumer (detailed explanation in FIG. 5).
(6) Estimation of demand distribution on the water distribution network.
(7) Estimation of pressure and flow distribution on the distribution pipe network based on pipe network analysis calculation.
(8) Estimating the pipe flow velocity coefficient (related to pipe network model calibration, detailed description with reference to FIG. 7).
(9) Control of water distribution equipment to optimize water distribution pressure (detailed explanation in FIG. 8).

Hereinafter, the realization method of processing (1)-(9) is demonstrated using FIGS.
First, the process (1) for registering information related to consumers in the water distribution control management device 101 will be described. The administrator of the water distribution control management device 101 uses the input device 104 as information related to each customer as the customer name, address, customer facility characteristic information, the number of water users (in the case of a house, the number of family members, other In the case of a facility, enter the number of facility users who may use water), metering data on the amount of water used regularly and the period of water usage. Here, the facility characteristic information of the consumer refers to industry information such as housing, commercial facilities, factories, offices, restaurants, etc. Even if unique facility characteristic information is added according to the local circumstances. Good. Further, in combination with the number of water users, facility characteristic information may be further subdivided and input such as a house (3 or less family members), a house (4 or more family members), and the like. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that there are four types of facility characteristics: a house, a commercial facility, a factory, and a business office. And in the input data registration program 110 of the water distribution control management apparatus 101, input information is registered into the customer information management table 120 for every inputted customer entry.

  As described above, the registration process of information related to consumers is performed by the input data registration program 110 of the water distribution control management device 101.

  Next, the process (2) for registering information related to the water distribution pipe network in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described. The administrator of the water distribution control management device 101 uses the input device 104 as information related to the water distribution pipe network 133 as identification information of the pipe 134, pipe length, pipe diameter, flow velocity coefficient, connection information (the start and end points of the pipe). Identification information on demand points), flow meter presence / absence information, demand point 135 identification information, position information, altitude, pressure gauge presence / absence information, and the like. And in the input data registration program 110 of the water distribution control management apparatus 101, it registers into the pipe network information management table 121 for every entry of the input pipe line and demand point.

  As described above, the input data registration program 110 of the water distribution control management device 101 performs information registration processing regarding the water distribution pipe network.

  Next, the process (3) for planning an appropriate installation place of the flowmeter in the water distribution control management device 101 will be described with reference to FIGS. In order to make it possible to create a demand pattern for each facility characteristic of a consumer, which will be described later, an appropriate installation location of the flow meter 137 is planned so as to divide the distribution pipe network 133 into a plurality of areas where the water supply amount can be calculated. Is. In the process (3), when the demand pattern for each facility characteristic of the customer is created for the first time, or when the pipeline structure changes (addition or deletion of the pipeline 134, to pipelines with different pipeline lengths / diameters) For example). FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a process for planning an appropriate installation location of the flowmeter. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a process of dividing the water distribution pipe network into areas composed of a set of demand points connected by a pipe line without a flow meter. FIG. 4 is an example showing a situation in which the water distribution pipe network is divided into the above areas.

  In step S201, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 of the water distribution control management device 101 uses the pipe network information management table 121 to identify the identification information, the pipe diameter, and the connection information of the pipes 134 that constitute the water distribution pipe network 133. The identification information of the demand point serving as the start point and the end point), the presence / absence of the flow meter, and the identification information of the demand point 135 are acquired. Then, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 sets N = 0 to the number N of new installations of the flow meter 137.

  Here, in order to plan the installation location of the flow meter, it is necessary to set at least the number N of new flow meters 137 to be installed, but the water distribution network 133 can calculate the water supply amount by the flow meter 137 already installed. If it can be divided into a plurality of areas, there is no need to newly install a flow meter. Therefore, in this process (3), before planning the installation location of the flow meter 137, it is confirmed whether or not the existing flow meter 137 can divide the distribution pipe network 133 into a plurality of areas where the water supply amount can be calculated. To do. In order to enable the above processing to be executed by one algorithm, this processing (3) starts from the case of N = 0 (only the existing flow meter) and gradually increases the number of N (new) A flow meter is installed on the

  In step S202, when N = 0, this step S202 is not executed and the process proceeds to step S203. When N ≧ 1, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 uses a GA (Genetic Algorithm, genetic algorithm) to newly install a flow meter 137 from the pipeline 134 where the flow meter 137 is not yet installed. A flow meter installation place plan is created (or modified) by selecting N pipes 134 to be installed.

  In step S203, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 reads the area consisting of a set of demand points 135 connected to the distribution pipe network 133 by the pipe 134 without the flow meter 137 (by the flow meter 137 installed in the area boundary portion). The area is divided into areas where the water supply amount into the area can be calculated. The flow of this process will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In step S301, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 sets one of the demand points 135 as a search start point.

  In step S302, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 searches all the demand points 135 connected from the start point via the pipeline 134 without the flow meter, and identifies them as the same area.

  In step S303, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 determines whether or not there is a demand point 135 that is not included in any of the identified areas (all demand points 135 are included in any of the identified areas. Check whether or not When it exists, it progresses to step S304, and when it does not exist, it considers that area division of all the demand points was completed, and complete | finishes a process.

  In step S304, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 sets one of the demand points 135 not included in any of the identified areas as a search start point, and proceeds to step S302.

In the example of FIG. 4, for example, the demand point 1 is first set as the start point. And all the demand points 2, 5, 6 connected by the pipe line 134 without a flow meter are searched, and the demand points 1, 2, 5, 6 are identified as one area 401. Next, a demand point 3 not included in the identified area (demand points 1, 2, 5, 6) is set as a start point. And all the demand points 4, 7, 8, 11 connected by the pipe line 134 without a flow meter are searched, and the demand points 3, 4, 7, 8, 11 are identified as one area 401. Thereafter, steps 302 to 304 are repeated, and the water distribution pipe network 133 is divided into four areas 401 including the following demand points.
-Area consisting of demand points 1, 2, 5, 6-Area consisting of demand points 3, 4, 7, 8, 11-Area consisting of demand points 9, 10, 13, 14-From demand points 12, 15, 16 The divided area has a flow meter 137 installed in the pipeline that becomes the boundary (the water supply amount from the reservoir can also be measured by the flow meter), so that the water supply amount by time can be calculated. Become.

  Returning to the description of the process (2) for planning an appropriate installation location of the flowmeter.

  In step S204, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 checks whether or not the number of divided areas is equal to or greater than the number of customer facility characteristics (four types in this embodiment). If the number of areas is equal to or greater than the number of facility characteristics, the process proceeds to step S205, and if not, the process proceeds to step S209. In order to create a demand pattern for each facility characteristic of a consumer, which will be described later, the number of areas where water supply can be calculated is at least greater than the number of facility characteristics of the customer. After S209, the flow meter installation location plan is reviewed.

  In step S205, the flow meter installation location planning program 111, from the customer information management table 121, records the number of all customers who make up each demand point 135 and the facility characteristic information (housing, commercial facility, factory, office). ) To get. Then, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 calculates the number of customers in each area and the composition ratio of each customer according to facility characteristics. The composition ratio is, for example, house: commercial facility: factory: business office = 1: 2: 3: 4.

  In step S206, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 determines whether a sufficient number of customers are included in each area calculated in step S205, that is, whether the number of customers in each area is greater than or equal to a predetermined number. Confirm. For example, a value such as the total number of customers / the number of areas × 80% is set as the predetermined number. If the number of customers in all areas is greater than or equal to the predetermined number, the process proceeds to step S207, and if not, the process proceeds to step S209. In order to create a high-accuracy demand pattern for each customer facility, which will be described later, it is necessary for each area where water supply can be calculated to contain a sufficient number of customers. If it is not sufficient, the flow meter installation place plan is reviewed in step S209 and thereafter.

  In step S207, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 determines whether or not the composition ratios for each facility characteristic of the consumers in each area calculated in step S205 are sufficiently different, that is, the linearity of each vector composed of the above composition ratios in each area. It is confirmed whether the index value indicating independence is a predetermined value or more. As an index indicating the linear independence, for example, the minimum singular value of a matrix composed of each of the vectors is used (the linear dependency is higher as the minimum singular value is closer to 0, and the linear independence is higher than 0). The predetermined value is set as 0.1, for example. Since the method for obtaining the minimum singular value of a matrix is known and can be calculated by general matrix calculation software, no particular description is given in this embodiment. If the index indicating the linear independence is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S208, and if not, the process proceeds to step S209. In order to create a high-accuracy demand pattern for each customer facility characteristic, which will be described later, it is necessary that the composition ratio for each customer facility characteristic in each area where water supply can be calculated is sufficiently different. When the composition ratio is not sufficiently different, the flow meter installation place plan is reviewed in step S209 and thereafter.

  In step S208, when N = 0, this step S208 is not executed and the process proceeds to step S210. When N ≧ 1, the flow meter installation place planning program 111 acquires the pipe diameters of the N pipe lines 137 that should be newly installed in step S202 from the pipe network information management table 121, The installation cost of the new flow meter 137 is calculated from the flow meter price corresponding to the pipe diameter and the construction cost (in general, the larger the pipe diameter, the higher the price and construction cost of the flow meter). Then, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 calculates a value obtained by negatively multiplying the flow meter installation cost, the minimum number of customers in each area calculated in step S206, and the customer facility in each area calculated in step S207. Whether or not the objective function value has converged by calculating the value of the objective function that is the weighted average of the index values (minimum singular values of the matrix consisting of the above vectors) indicating the linear independence of each vector consisting of the composition ratios by characteristics Judgment is made. If the objective function value has converged to the maximum value, the process proceeds to step S210; otherwise, the process proceeds to step S209. The larger the objective function value, the lower the flow meter installation cost when the flow meter is installed based on the above flow meter installation location plan, and there are a sufficient number of customers in each area, and Since the composition ratios of the customer in each area for each facility characteristic are sufficiently different, a more accurate demand pattern for each customer facility characteristic can be created as will be described later. In step S209, when N = 0, the process proceeds to step S211 without executing step S209. When N ≧ 1, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 determines whether or not the number of creations of the flow meter installation location plan by the GA in step S202 when the number N of new flow meters is installed is greater than a predetermined number of times. For example, it is confirmed whether it is 10,000 times or more. If the number of plan creations is equal to or greater than the predetermined number, the process proceeds to step S211. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S202, and a new flow meter installation place plan is created using GA without changing the value of the number N of new flow meters installed.

  In step S210, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 provides the display device 105 with the flow meter installation location plan created in a visual form as shown in FIG. 4 for the administrator of the water distribution control management device 101. indicate. The administrator confirms and evaluates the flow meter installation location plan, and if appropriate, the flow meter installation location plan is finalized, and the processing ends. If not, the process proceeds to step S210.

  In step S211, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 increments the new installation number N of the flow meter 137 by one, and proceeds to step S202. Under the new new flow meter installation number N, the flow rate is calculated using GA. Create the total installation location plan. Here, when the process has proceeded from step S209 to step S211, an appropriate plan could not be obtained even if the number of new flow meter installations N was sufficient to create a flow meter installation location plan. This means that the number of N is increased to create a new flow meter installation place plan. If the process has proceeded from step 210 to step S211, the optimal flow meter installation location plan for the new flow meter installation number N could not be approved by the administrator of the water distribution control management apparatus 101. Means to create a new plan for installing the flow meter.

  As described above, the flow meter installation location planning program 111 of the water distribution control management device 101 performs the planning process for an appropriate installation location of the flow meter.

  Then, the administrator of the water distribution control management device 101 installs the flow meter on the pipeline 134 in accordance with the determined flow meter installation place plan. When the pressure gauge 136 is not installed in each divided area, the pressure gauge is installed at an arbitrary point (demand point) in each area. And the said manager inputs the identification information of the pipeline 134 which newly installed the flowmeter, and the identification information of the demand point 135 which newly installed the pressure gauge from the input device 104. FIG. In the input data registration program 110 of the water distribution control management apparatus 101, the input / existing flow meter presence / absence information of the pipeline 134 is updated to “present”, and the input pressure gauge presence / absence information of the demand point 135 is changed to “present”. Update.

  Next, the process (4) for collecting measured values of pressure and flow rate in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described. In the data measurement program 112 of the water distribution control management device 101, the flow rate and pressure are measured from each pressure gauge 136, each flow meter 137, pump 133, and valve 134 via the network 138 at every predetermined period (for example, every 5 minutes). The values are collected and the measured values are registered in the measured data management table 122.

  As described above, collection processing of measured values of pressure and flow rate is performed by the data measurement program 112 of the water distribution control management device 101.

  Next, the process (5) for creating the demand pattern for each facility characteristic of the consumer in the water distribution control management device 101 will be described with reference to FIGS. Process (5) is executed when the demand pattern for each facility characteristic of the customer is created for the first time or when the estimation accuracy of the demand distribution is getting worse. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process of creating a demand pattern for each customer facility characteristic. FIG. 6 is an example of the demand pattern for each facility characteristic of the created consumer.

  In step S501, the demand pattern creation program 113 of the water distribution control management device 101 becomes the identification information and connection information (the start point and end point of the pipe line) of the pipe line 134 constituting the water pipe network 133 from the pipe network information management table 121. Demand point identification information), the presence or absence of a flow meter, and the demand point 135 identification information. Then, as described in the process (3) for planning an appropriate installation location of the flow meter, the distribution pipe network 133 is divided into a plurality of areas where the water supply amount can be calculated according to the flowchart shown in FIG. The demand pattern creation program 113 registers area identification information and identification information of demand points, flow meters, and pressure gauges in the area in the demand pattern management table 123 as information related to the divided areas.

  In step S <b> 502, the demand pattern creation program 113 acquires the latest meter reading value and the water usage period of each customer from the customer information management table 120. At this time, when the water usage periods of the consumers do not match, the demand pattern creation program 113 corrects the water usage meter reading value so that the water usage period is the same. For example, when the water usage A for 60 days from April 2 to May 31 is corrected to the water usage B for 61 days from April 1 to May 31, the previous meter reading period February Assuming that the amount of water used is C for 59 days from 2nd to 1st April, B = A + C / 59. And the demand pattern creation program 113 totals the meter reading value of the water usage amount of all the consumers contained in each said area, and calculates the total demand amount in the predetermined period (the said same water usage period) T according to area. calculate.

  Then, the demand pattern creation program 113 acquires a flow rate measurement value on a predetermined pipeline for each predetermined period in the predetermined period T from the measurement data management table 122. Then, the flow rate balance (inflow amount−outflow amount) of the predetermined period in each area is calculated, and the total water supply amount of the predetermined period T for each area is calculated. And the demand pattern creation program 113 calculates the amount of water leakage of the said predetermined period T according to area by subtracting the said demand amount from the said water supply amount.

  In step S <b> 503, the demand pattern creation program 113 acquires a pressure measurement value on a predetermined demand point for each predetermined period in the predetermined period T from the measurement data management table 122. Then, the representative pressure for each area and each time in the predetermined period T is calculated using any pressure measurement value in each area.

  Then, the demand pattern creation program 113 calculates the amount of water leakage by area and time by the predetermined period T based on the representative pressure by area and time. The amount of water leakage L (t) in the predetermined area A at time t (time within the predetermined period T) is expressed by the following approximate expression using the area discharge coefficient c (A) and the area representative pressure P (t) at time t. Can be represented.

L (t) = c (A) × P (t) ^ k (Equation 1)
Here, k is a constant having a value of 0.5 to 2.8, and in this embodiment, k = 0.5.
Taking the sum of both sides of the approximate expression (Expression 1) over the predetermined period, the following is obtained.

ΣL (t) = c (A) × ΣP (t) ^ k (Expression 2)
The right side of the above (Equation 2), that is, the amount of water leakage in the area A during the predetermined period T is calculated in step S502, and the representative pressure P (t) of the area A in the left side of the (Equation 2) is also calculated. Therefore, the above (Equation 2) is solved to calculate the area emission coefficient c (A) of the predetermined area A. Then, by substituting c (A) into (Equation 1) and solving, the amount of water leakage L (t) for each area and each time in the predetermined period T is calculated. Then, the demand pattern creation program 113 registers the calculated area release coefficient for each area in the demand pattern management table 123.

  In step S504, the demand pattern creation program 113 acquires facility characteristic information (four types of housing, commercial facility, factory, and office) of each consumer from the customer information management table 120, and the customer is classified according to the facility characteristics. The number of customers is calculated for each area according to the customer facility characteristics. Then, the demand pattern creation program 113 acquires a flow rate measurement value on a predetermined pipeline for each predetermined period in the predetermined period T from the measurement data management table 122. Then, the flow rate balance (inflow amount-outflow amount) at each time in each area is calculated, and the water supply amount by area and time in the predetermined period T is calculated.

Here, when the variables related to the predetermined area A are defined as follows, the following (Equation 3) is established in the area A.
t: Time within a predetermined period T F (t): Water supply amount of area A at time t (known)
L (t): Amount of water leakage in area A at time t (known)
α (A, i): Number of customers with customer facility characteristic i in area A (known)
Z (i, t): Demand per customer with customer facility characteristic i at time t (unknown)
(Institutional characteristics when i = 1, 2, 3, 4 are residential, commercial, factory, and office respectively)
F (t) −L (t) = Σα (A, i) × Z (i, t) (Σ is the sum of i) (Equation 3)
At a certain time t, there are four unknown variables Z (i, t) (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) in (Expression 3). Since the area is divided so that the number of customer facility characteristics (four) or more, the number of (Equation 3) that holds in each area is four or more. Further, since the composition ratios of the customers in each area according to the facility characteristics are different, the simultaneous equations (Equation 3) established in each area are not indefinite or impossible and can be solved. The demand pattern creation program 113 solves the simultaneous equations and calculates a demand amount per customer for each customer facility characteristic and time in the predetermined period T. In the above simultaneous equations, when the number of expressions is larger than the number of unknown variables, the solution may be determined so as to minimize the calculation error by the least square method or the like.

  In step S505, the demand pattern creation program 113 takes the average of the demand amount per customer for each customer facility characteristic and time for the predetermined period T calculated as described above, A daily demand amount (demand pattern) for each day according to characteristics is created. At this time, for example, an average for each weekday / holiday may be taken to create a demand pattern for each weekday / holiday. The demand pattern creation program 113 registers the created demand pattern for each customer facility characteristic in the demand pattern management table 123. Here, FIG. 6 shows an example of the created demand pattern for each customer facility characteristic.

  As described above, the demand pattern creation program 113 of the water distribution control management device 101 performs a demand pattern creation process for each facility characteristic of the customer.

  That is, the demand pattern is calculated for each facility characteristic element based on the facility information acquired for each of the plurality of areas divided by the customer information acquisition unit and the measurement data.

Next, the process (6) for estimating the demand distribution on the water distribution pipe network in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described. Since an estimated value of the demand distribution is required as input data for the pipe network analysis calculation of the distribution pipe network 133, the process (6) is executed when the pipe network analysis calculation is performed. The demand estimation program 114 of the water distribution control management device 101 acquires facility characteristic information of each customer from the customer information management table 120, counts the number of customers for each facility characteristic, and demands at each demand point 135. Calculate the number of customers by house facility characteristics. Then, the demand estimation program 114 acquires a demand pattern per customer for each customer facility characteristic from the demand pattern management table 123. Here, if the variable regarding the predetermined demand point B is defined as follows, the following (Formula 4) is realized in the demand point B.
D (B, t): Demand amount at demand point B at time t (unknown)
β (B, i): number of customers with customer facility characteristic i at demand point B (known)
Z (i, t): Demand amount per customer with customer facility characteristic i at time t (demand pattern, known)
(Institutional characteristics when i = 1, 2, 3, 4 are residential, commercial, factory, and office respectively)
D (B, t) = Σβ (B, i) × Z (i, t) (Σ is the sum of i) (Formula 4)
The demand estimation program 114 calculates the above (Equation 4) for all the demand points 135 and calculates the demand distribution by time on the distribution pipe network 133.

  As described above, the demand estimation program 114 of the water distribution control management device 101 performs the process of estimating the demand distribution on the distribution pipe network.

  That is, the demand amount estimation unit estimates the demand distribution (demand amount) at the demand point based on the demand pattern and the facility information at the demand point where a plurality of consumers are aggregated.

  Next, the process (7) for estimating the pressure and flow distribution on the water distribution pipe network based on the pipe network analysis calculation in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described. Process (7) is executed when it is desired to grasp the pressure distribution and flow rate distribution on the distribution pipe network 133. Pipe network analysis calculation is the identification information of the pipe 134, the pipe length, the pipe diameter, the flow velocity coefficient (varies depending on the material and age of the pipe), the connection information (identification of the demand point that is the start point and the end point of the pipe line) Information), and the flow balance equation at the demand point derived from the pipe network model information such as the identification information, position information, altitude, etc. The upper pressure and flow distribution are obtained. Since an algorithm for performing pipe network analysis calculation is publicly known, for example, a pipe network analysis calculation tool such as EPANET developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency has been released to the public. Therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted in this embodiment. The pipe network analysis calculation program 115 is based on the above pipe network model information and boundary conditions such as a flow rate value, a pressure value, a demand distribution on the water pipe network 133, etc. at a given water distribution point (pump 131, valve 132). A network analysis calculation is performed to calculate a pressure distribution and a flow rate distribution on the distribution pipe network 133.

  As described above, the pipe network analysis calculation program 115 of the water distribution control management device 101 performs processing for estimating the pressure and flow distribution on the water distribution pipe network based on the pipe network analysis calculation.

  Next, the process (8) for estimating the pipe flow velocity coefficient in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described with reference to FIG. In the process (8), when the pipe resistance coefficient of the pipe 134 is estimated for the first time, or when the pipe structure is changed (addition or deletion of the pipe 134, pipes with different pipe lengths / diameters are used. Exchange). FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a process for estimating the pipe flow velocity coefficient.

  In step S701, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 of the water distribution control management device 101 calls and executes the demand estimation program 114, and the demand amount (demand distribution) of each demand point 135 on the water distribution pipe network 133 at a predetermined past time. ).

  In step S <b> 702, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 reads the latest area identification information of the divided area, and the demand point, flow meter, pressure gauge identification information, and area in the area from the demand pattern management table 123. Get another area emission factor. Then, from the measurement data management table 122, the pressure measurement value on the predetermined demand point in each area at the predetermined time is acquired as the representative pressure for each area. Then, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 calculates the amount of water leakage at the predetermined time for each area based on (Equation 1).

  In step S703, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 calculates the water leakage amount by area calculated in step S702 for each demand point 135 estimated in step S701 according to the demand amount. The demand amount (demand distribution) including the leakage of each demand point 135 at the predetermined time is estimated so as to be proportionally distributed to each demand point.

  In step S704, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 uses the pipe network information management table 121 to identify the pipe 134 on the distribution pipe network 133, the pipe length, the pipe diameter, and the flow coefficient (the pipe material and age). ), Connection information (identification information of a demand point serving as a start point and an end point of a pipeline), and pipe network model information such as identification information, position information, and altitude of the demand point 135. The pipeline flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 divides each pipeline 134 having a similar material and age into several pipeline groups, and uses GA to uniformly increase the flow velocity coefficient in the same pipeline group. Decrease and create (or modify) a draft proposal for the pipe resistance coefficient.

  In step S <b> 705, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 acquires the measured values of the pressure and flow rate at the water distribution point (pump 131, valve 132) on the water distribution network 133 at the predetermined time from the measurement data management table 122. Then, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 calls the pipe network analysis calculation program 115, and the pipe network model information, the measured values of the pressure and flow rate at the obtained water distribution point (pump 131, valve 132), and step S703. The boundary conditions such as the demand distribution including the water leakage on the distribution pipe network 133 estimated in (1) are delivered to the pipe network analysis calculation program 115 and executed. The pipe network analysis calculation program 115 performs the pipe network analysis calculation described in the above process (7), and calculates the pressure distribution and flow rate distribution on the water distribution pipe network 133.

  In step S706, the pipeline flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 acquires the measured values of the pressure on the water distribution network 133 at the predetermined time, the pressure at the flow rate measurement point, and the flow rate from the measurement data management table 122. Then, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 determines whether or not an error between the measured value at the pressure / flow rate measurement point and the calculated value by the pipe network analysis calculation is within a predetermined allowable range. If the error is not within the predetermined allowable range, the pipeline flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 proceeds to step S704 and corrects the pipeline resistance coefficient correction plan. If the error is within a predetermined allowable range, the corrected pipe resistance coefficient is determined as an optimum parameter and registered in the pipe network information management table 121.

  As described above, the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation process is performed by the pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program 116 and the pipe network analysis calculation program 115 of the water distribution control management device 101.

  Next, the process (9) for controlling the water distribution equipment for optimizing the water distribution pressure in the water distribution control management apparatus 101 will be described with reference to FIG. The process (9) is executed at the timing when the latest pressure and flow rate data is measured for each data measurement period of the process (4) (for example, a 5-minute period). FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process for controlling the water distribution device (pump, valve).

  In step S801, the water distribution equipment control program 117 of the water distribution control management apparatus 101 calls and executes the demand estimation program 114, and the demand amount (demand distribution) of each demand point 135 on the distribution pipe network 133 at the next time at the present time. Is estimated.

  In step S802, the water distribution equipment control program 117 uses the demand pattern management table 123 to identify the latest area identification information of the divided area, the demand point in the area, the flow meter, the pressure gauge identification information, and the area-specific information. Get the area emission factor. Then, from the measurement data management table 122, a pressure measurement value on a predetermined demand point in each area at the current time is acquired as a representative pressure for each area. And the water distribution apparatus control program 117 calculates the amount of water leaks in the present time according to area based on (Formula 1). The amount of water leakage by area is preferably the one at the next time, but since the representative pressure by area at the next time has not been measured, the amount of leakage by area at the current time calculated from the representative pressure by area at the current time that can be measured. The amount of water leakage by area at the next time is substituted.

  In step S803, the water distribution equipment control program 117 sets the amount of leakage by area calculated in step S802 for each demand point 135 estimated in step S801 according to the demand amount. By proportionally allocating to the demand points, the demand amount (demand distribution) including the water leakage at each demand point 135 at the next time is estimated.

  In step S804, the water distribution device control program 117 reads the identification information, the pipe length, the pipe diameter, and the flow velocity coefficient (changes depending on the pipe material and age over time) from the pipe network information management table 121. ), Connection information (identification information of a demand point serving as a start point and an end point of a pipeline), and pipe network model information such as identification information of the demand point 135, position information, and altitude. Then, the water distribution equipment control program 117 uses the GA to increase or decrease the current flow rate and pressure at the distribution point (pump 131, valve 132) to create a distribution plan (flow rate, pressure) at the next time (or Correct). At this time, the water distribution plan is created so that the total flow rate (distribution amount) from each distribution area coincides with the total demand amount of each demand point 135 including the water leakage.

  In step S805, the water distribution device control program 117 calls the pipe network analysis calculation program 115, and estimates the pressure in the next time at the water distribution point according to the pipe network model information and the water distribution plan, the planned value of the flow rate, and the step S803. The boundary conditions such as the demand distribution including the water leakage on the distribution pipe network 133 at the next time are delivered to the pipe network analysis calculation program 115 and executed. The pipe network analysis calculation program 115 performs the pipe network analysis calculation described in the above process (7), and calculates the pressure distribution and flow rate distribution on the water distribution pipe network 133 at the next time.

  In step S806, the water distribution equipment control program 117 determines whether or not the pressure calculation value at each demand point 135 by the pipe network analysis calculation is within a predetermined allowable range. If the pressure calculation value is not within the predetermined allowable range, the water distribution device control program 117 proceeds to step S804 and corrects the water distribution plan. If the error is within the predetermined allowable range, the process proceeds to step S807.

  In step S807, the water distribution device control program 117 sets the rotation speed of the pump 131 and the opening degree of the valve 132 so as to realize the water distribution plan draft (flow rate and pressure from each water distribution point) at the next time created as described above. decide.

  As described above, the water distribution device control program 117 and the pipe network analysis calculation program 115 of the water distribution control management device 101 perform control processing of the water distribution device to optimize the water distribution pressure.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the distribution pipe network is divided into a plurality of areas where the water supply amount can be calculated, and the water leakage amount is estimated for each area. It is possible to derive a relational expression of the water supply amount, water leakage amount, number of customers by facility characteristic, and demand pattern by facility characteristic. By solving this, the demand pattern for each facility characteristic of the customer is calculated, and the water demand distribution is estimated by superimposing the above demand patterns. Therefore, accurate water demand estimation considering the facility characteristics of the customer Is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Water distribution control system, 101 ... Water distribution control management apparatus, 102 ... CPU, 103 ... Memory, 104 ... Input device, 105 ... Display apparatus, 106 ... Hard disk, 107 ... System bus, 110 ... Input data registration program, 111 ... Flow rate Meter installation place planning program, 112 ... data measurement program, 113 ... demand pattern creation program, 114 ... demand estimation program, 115 ... pipe network analysis calculation program, 116 ... pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation program, 117 ... water distribution equipment control program, 120 ... consumer information management table, 121 ... pipe network information management table, 122 ... measurement data management table, 123 ... demand pattern management table, 130 ... water reservoir, 131 ... pump, 132 ... valve, 133 ... water distribution pipe network, 134 ... Pipe line, 135 ... Demand point, 136 ... Pressure In total, 137 ... flow meter, 138 ... network.

Claims (14)

A customer information storage unit for storing facility information of a customer who is supplied with water from a distribution reservoir via a distribution pipe network;
A customer information acquisition unit for acquiring facility information of the customer;
A measurement data acquisition unit for acquiring measurement data of a flow meter or a pressure gauge installed on the water distribution pipe network;
A demand pattern calculation unit that calculates a demand pattern for each facility characteristic element based on the facility information acquired for each of the plurality of divided areas and the measurement data;
Based on the demand pattern and facility information at a demand point that aggregates a plurality of consumers, a demand amount estimation unit that estimates a demand amount at the demand point;
A control unit that performs water distribution control based on the demand amount at each estimated demand point;
A water distribution control device comprising: In the water distribution control device according to claim 1,
The measurement data of the flow meter acquired by the measurement data acquisition unit is the amount of water inflow and outflow in the area,
The demand pattern calculation unit
A water distribution control device, wherein a demand pattern is calculated based on the facility information and the measurement data, and the water supply amount in the area calculated from the water inflow / outflow amount. In the water distribution control device according to claim 2,
A flow meter installation location planning unit for planning the installation position of the flow meter so that the water supply amount in the area can be calculated based on the measurement data of the flow meter installed on the distribution pipe network; Prepared,
The water flow control device is characterized in that the flow meter is installed based on the planned flow meter installation position. In the water distribution control device according to claim 3,
The flow meter installation location planning section
The number of divided areas is more than the number of facility characteristic elements,
The composition ratio when calculating the composition ratio of the facility characteristic element in the area is different for each area, or
So that the cost when calculating the cost of a newly installed flow meter is lower than a certain value, or
In order for the number of consumers belonging to the area to satisfy a certain value,
A water distribution control device for planning an installation position of the flow meter. In the water distribution control device according to claim 2,
The facility information stored in the customer information storage unit includes meter reading data of the customer,
The demand pattern calculation unit
Calculate the amount of water leakage in the area based on the total value of the meter reading data in the area and the water supply amount in the area,
A water distribution control apparatus that calculates a demand pattern based on the water leakage amount in addition to the facility information and the measurement data. In the water distribution control device according to claim 5,
A pipe network analysis calculation unit that executes a pipe network analysis calculation based on the calculated distribution of demand at the demand point, and estimates a pressure distribution and a flow rate distribution on the water distribution pipe network;
Based on the comparison between the measurement data of the flow meter or pressure gauge installed on the distribution pipe network and the estimated pressure value or estimated flow value calculated by the pipeline analysis calculation unit, the flow velocity coefficient of the pipeline is calculated. A water distribution control device further comprising: a pipe flow velocity coefficient estimation unit for estimation In the water distribution control device according to claim 5,
A pipe network analysis calculation unit that executes a pipe network analysis calculation based on the calculated distribution of demand at the demand point, and estimates a pressure distribution and a flow rate distribution on the water distribution pipe network; and
The water distribution control device, wherein the control unit controls the number of revolutions of the pump or the opening of the valve so that the estimated value of the pressure calculated by the pipe network analysis calculation unit falls within a predetermined range. Water distribution control device
Stores facility information of customers who are supplied with water from the distribution reservoir via the distribution pipe network.
Obtaining facility information of the customer;
Obtain the measurement data of the flow meter or pressure gauge installed on the water pipe network,
Based on the facility information acquired for each of the divided areas and the measurement data, a demand pattern is calculated for each facility characteristic element,
Based on the demand pattern and facility information at a demand point that aggregates a plurality of consumers, estimate the demand amount at the demand point,
A water distribution control method, wherein water distribution control is performed based on the demand amount at each estimated demand point. In the water distribution control method according to claim 8,
The measurement data of the flow meter is the amount of water inflow and outflow in the area,
The water distribution control method characterized by calculating a demand pattern based on the water supply amount in the area calculated from the water inflow / outflow amount in addition to the facility information and the measurement data. In the water distribution control method according to claim 9,
Based on the measurement data of the flow meter installed on the distribution pipe network, the installation position of the flow meter is planned so that the water supply amount in the area can be calculated,
The water flow control method, wherein the flow meter is installed based on the planned flow meter installation position. In the water distribution control method according to claim 10,
The number of divided areas is more than the number of facility characteristic elements,
The composition ratio when calculating the composition ratio of the facility characteristic element in the area is different for each area, or
So that the cost when calculating the cost of a newly installed flow meter is lower than a certain value, or
In order for the number of consumers belonging to the area to satisfy a certain value,
A water distribution control method characterized by planning an installation position of the flow meter. In the water distribution control method according to claim 9,
The facility information to be stored includes meter reading data of the customer,
Calculate the amount of water leakage in the area based on the total value of the meter reading data in the area and the water supply amount in the area,
A water distribution control method, wherein a demand pattern is calculated based on the water leakage amount in addition to the facility information and the measurement data. The water distribution control method according to claim 12,
Execute pipe network analysis calculation based on the calculated demand distribution at the demand point, estimate pressure distribution and flow distribution on the water distribution network,
Based on the comparison between the measurement data of the flow meter or pressure gauge installed on the distribution pipe network and the estimated pressure value or estimated flow value calculated by the pipeline analysis calculation unit, the flow velocity coefficient of the pipeline is calculated. A water distribution control method characterized by estimating. The water distribution control method according to claim 12,
Execute pipe network analysis calculation based on the calculated demand distribution at the demand point, estimate pressure distribution and flow distribution on the water distribution network,
A water distribution control method, wherein the rotational speed of the pump or the opening of the valve is controlled so that the calculated estimated value of the pressure falls within a predetermined range.

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