JP2014220672A - Two-way amplifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive, wideband two-way amplifier that has a simple configuration.SOLUTION: The two-way amplifier includes: a 3-dB coupler 1; Gunn diodes 2a, 2b that are negative resistance diodes connected to isolation ports of the 3-dB coupler 1; coils 3a, 3b connected at one end to anodes of the Gunn diodes 2a, 2b; capacitors 4a, 4b and bias power supplies 5a, 5b connected at one end to the other ends of the coils 3a, 3b; and input/output terminals 6a, 6b connected to input/output ports of the 3-dB coupler 1. Cathodes of the Gunn diodes 2a, 2b are grounded, and the other ends of the capacitors 4a, 4b are grounded.

Description

  The present invention relates to a bidirectional amplifier that bidirectionally amplifies a signal input to two terminals, and more particularly to a broadband bidirectional amplifier that has a simple configuration and is inexpensive.

[Conventional technology]
A conventional bidirectional amplifier amplifies a signal input from two terminals in a microwave band and a millimeter wave band in both directions instead of in one direction.
The conventional bidirectional amplifier uses a diode amplifier using a negative resistance circuit and a circulator in order to separate the input wave and the output wave.

[Related technologies]
As related prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-141450, “Bidirectional Amplifier” (DX Antenna Co., Ltd.) [Patent Document 1], Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-160009, “Transmitting / Receiving Antenna and Millimeter Wave Transmission / Reception Using the Antenna” Device "(Kyocera Corporation) [Patent Document 2].

In Patent Document 1, in a bidirectional amplifier, a signal input from one of two terminals is amplified by passing through an LPF (Low Pass Filter) and output to the other terminal, and from the other terminal of the two terminals. It is shown that an input signal is amplified by passing through an HPF (High Pass Filter) and output to one terminal.
However, Cited Document 1 does not amplify a signal input from two terminals and output it to another two terminals.

Patent Document 2 discloses that an amplifier circuit is configured using a Gunn diode and a circulator in a millimeter wave transceiver.
However, in Patent Document 2, the signal is amplified in one direction and not in both directions.

JP 2008-141450 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-160009

  However, the conventional bidirectional amplifier requires a functional element such as a circulator, and has a problem that the configuration is complicated and expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a broadband bidirectional amplifier that has a simple configuration and is inexpensive.

  The present invention for solving the problems of the above conventional example is a bidirectional amplifier having a coupler having first to fourth terminals, wherein the first and second terminals are input / output ports, The fourth terminal is an isolation port, and a diode having a negative resistance is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and a bias voltage is applied to the diode.

  In the bidirectional amplifier according to the present invention, the diode having negative resistance is a tunnel diode, a Gunn diode, or an in-pad diode, and the anodes of the diodes are connected to the third and fourth terminals, respectively. The cathode is grounded.

  In the bidirectional amplifier described above, one end of a coil is connected to the anode of the diode, a bias power source is connected to the other end of the coil, and one end of the capacitor is connected to the other end of the coil. The other end is grounded.

  The present invention is a bidirectional amplifier having a coupler having first to fourth terminals, wherein the first and second terminals are input / output ports, the third and fourth terminals are isolation ports, A Colpitts circuit having a negative resistance is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and a bias voltage is applied to the Colpitts circuit.

  According to the present invention, in the above bidirectional amplifier, the Colpitts circuit includes a transistor, the base of the transistor is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and the collector of the transistor is connected via a parallel connection circuit of a coil and a capacitor. And a bias power source is connected.

  The present invention is a transceiver that performs bidirectional amplification with an input terminal for inputting a transmission signal and an output terminal for outputting a reception signal. The transmission signal is input and the amplified reception signal is received. The bidirectional amplifier including the first terminal for outputting, the second terminal for inputting the received signal and outputting the amplified transmission signal, and the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier for transmitting the transmission signal from the input terminal. And a circulator for outputting the received signal from the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier to the output terminal, and a transmission / reception antenna connected to the second terminal of the bidirectional amplifier.

  According to the present invention, a coupler having first to fourth terminals is provided, the first and second terminals are input / output ports, the third and fourth terminals are isolation ports, A diode having a negative resistance is connected to each of the fourth terminals, and a bi-directional amplifier is applied to which a bias voltage is applied to the diode. There is.

  According to the present invention, a coupler having first to fourth terminals is provided, the first and second terminals are input / output ports, the third and fourth terminals are isolation ports, A Colpitts circuit with negative resistance is connected to each of the fourth terminals, and a bi-directional amplifier is applied to which a bias voltage is applied to the Colpitts circuit. There is an effect that can be done.

  The present invention provides an input terminal for inputting a transmission signal, an output terminal for outputting a reception signal, and bidirectional amplification, and a first terminal for inputting the transmission signal and outputting the amplified reception signal The bidirectional amplifier including the second terminal for inputting the reception signal and outputting the amplified transmission signal, and outputting the transmission signal from the input terminal to the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier. Since the transmitter / receiver includes a circulator that outputs a reception signal from the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier to the output terminal and a transmission / reception antenna connected to the second terminal of the bidirectional amplifier, the transmission frequency and the reception frequency are the same. In the case of transmitting and receiving with one antenna, there is an effect that it is possible to realize wideband bidirectional amplification with a simple configuration and at low cost.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a first bidirectional amplifier. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a second bidirectional amplifier. It is a schematic block diagram of the transmitter / receiver which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Outline of the embodiment]
A first bidirectional amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention has a four-terminal coupler, connects a diode having a negative resistance to an isolation port at the four terminals, and further applies a bias voltage to the diode. Therefore, the configuration is simple, and it is possible to realize a wide bandwidth in both directions at low cost.

  In addition, the second bidirectional amplifier according to the embodiment of the present invention has a four-terminal coupler, connects a Colpitts circuit having a negative resistance to an isolation port at the four terminals, and further connects the Colpitts circuit. A bias voltage is applied, the configuration is simple, and a bidirectional and broadband can be realized at low cost.

[First bidirectional amplifier: FIG. 1]
A first bidirectional amplifier (first bidirectional amplifier) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first bidirectional amplifier.
As shown in FIG. 1, the first bidirectional amplifier includes a 3 dB coupler 1, Gunn diodes 2a and 2b which are negative resistance diodes connected to the isolation port, and anodes of the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b. Coils 3a, 3b connected at one end, capacitors 4a, 4b connected at one end to the other ends of the coils 3a, 3b, bias power supplies 5a, 5b, and input / output terminals 6a, 6b connected to the input / output port of the 3 dB coupler 1 And.

The cathodes of the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b are grounded, and the other ends of the capacitors 4a and 4b are grounded.
In FIG. 1, the diodes with negative resistance are Gunn diodes 2a and 2b, but they may be configured with tunnel diodes or in-pad diodes.

Here, the Gunn diode is capable of generating a microwave of several GHz in the order of several hundreds mW with a gun effect indicating negative resistance.
A tunnel diode is a PN junction diode with an extremely high impurity concentration and exhibits a negative resistance when forward biased. When the voltage increases, the resistance increases, the current decreases, and the voltage decreases. Then, the resistance decreases, the current increases, and the vibration of the microwave frequency occurs.
An in-pad diode oscillates by applying a high reverse voltage to the diode to cause an avalanche phenomenon and utilizing the appearance of negative resistance characteristics when a high frequency is applied.

[Operation of the first bidirectional amplifier]
In the first bidirectional amplifier, a signal (input (1)) is input from the input / output terminal 6a in a state where a bias voltage is applied from the bias power supply 5a, 5b to the Gunn diodes 2a, 2b connected to the isolation port. Then, the signal (output (1)) amplified by the 3 dB coupler 1 and amplified to the input / output terminal 6b is output.
In the first bidirectional amplifier, when a signal (input (2)) is input from the input / output terminal 6b, the signal (output (2)) amplified by the 3 dB coupler 1 and amplified to the input / output terminal 6a. Is output.

[Effect of the first bidirectional amplifier]
According to the first bidirectional amplifier, by using a negative resistance amplifier such as the 3 dB coupler 1 and the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b, both in a wide band at a certain frequency range of the negative resistances of the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b. There is an effect of realizing a direction amplifier.

  Further, according to the first bidirectional amplifier, since the 3 dB coupler 1 can be realized by a planar circuit, a complicated circuit such as a transistor and a circulator is not used. There is an effect that an amplifier can be realized.

[Second bidirectional amplifier: FIG. 2]
Next, a second bidirectional amplifier (second bidirectional amplifier) according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the second bidirectional amplifier.
As shown in FIG. 2, the second bidirectional amplifier includes a 3 dB coupler 1, input / output terminals 6 a and 6 b connected to the input and output ports of the 3 dB coupler 1, and a negative connected to the isolation port of the 3 dB coupler 1. And a Colpitts circuit having resistance.

  The Colpitts circuit includes transistors 11a and 11b, bias power supplies 12a and 12b, capacitors 13a and 13b, capacitors 14a and 14b connected in parallel, coils 15a and 15b, resistors 16a and 16b, coils 17a and 17b, resistors 18a and 18b, capacitors 19a and 19b, capacitors 20a and 20b, coils 21a and 21b, resistors 22a and 22b, and capacitors 23a and 23b.

Specifically, in the Colpitts circuit, a negative resistance terminal is used for the isolation port of the 3 dB coupler 1, and the bases of the transistors 11a and 11b are connected in series to the terminal via capacitors 23a and 23b.
Capacitors 19a and 19b and capacitors 20a and 20b are connected in series to the bases of the transistors 11a and 11b, and the other ends of the capacitors 20a and 20b are grounded.
The point between the capacitors 19a and 19b is connected to the emitters of the transistors 11a and 11b. The emitters are connected in series with the coils 21a and 21b and the resistors 22a and 22b, and the other ends of the resistors 22a and 22b are grounded. ing.

  Further, bias power supplies 12a and 12b are connected to the bases of the transistors 11a and 11b via resistors 16a and 16b and coils 17a and 17b. The resistors 16a and 16b and the coils 17a and 17b are connected in series, and one end of the resistors 18a and 18b is connected to a point between them, and the other end is grounded.

The collectors of the transistors 11a and 11b are connected to one end of a parallel connection circuit of the capacitors 14a and 14b and the coils 15a and 15b, and the other end of the parallel connection circuit is connected to the bias power supplies 12a and 12b.
Then, one end of the capacitors 13a and 13b is connected to a point between the bias power supplies 12a and 12b and the other end of the parallel connection circuit, and the other end is grounded.

[Operation of Second Bidirectional Amplifier]
The second bidirectional amplifier is amplified by the 3 dB coupler 1 when a signal is input from the input / output terminal 6a in a state where a bias voltage is applied from the bias power supplies 12a and 12b in the Colpitts circuit connected to the isolation port. The amplified signal is output to the input / output terminal 6b.
In the second bidirectional amplifier, when a signal is input from the input / output terminal 6b, a signal amplified by the 3 dB coupler 1 and amplified to the input / output terminal 6a is output.

[Effect of second bidirectional amplifier]
According to the second bidirectional amplifier, the negative resistance of the transistors 11a and 11b in the Colpitts circuit is obtained by using the 3 dB coupler 1 and the negative resistance amplifier in which the Colpitts circuit is connected using the negative resistance terminal. There is an effect that a bidirectional amplifier can be realized in a wide band at a frequency in the range.

  Further, according to the second bidirectional amplifier, by using the transistors 11a and 11b of the Colpitts circuit, the amplification factor can be increased as compared with the first bidirectional amplifier, and further, no circulator is used. Therefore, there is an effect that the configuration can be simplified.

[This transceiver: Fig. 3]
Next, a transceiver using the first and second bidirectional amplifiers (present transceiver) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the transceiver according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the transceiver includes a first or second bidirectional amplifier 10, an input terminal 31, an output terminal 32, a circulator 33, and a transmission / reception antenna 34.

[Parts of this transceiver]
The input terminal 31 inputs a transmission signal and outputs it to the circulator 33.
The output terminal 32 inputs the amplified received signal from the circulator 33.
The circulator 33 outputs the transmission signal from the input terminal 31 to the bidirectional amplifier 10 and outputs the amplified reception signal from the bidirectional amplifier 10 to the output terminal 32.

The bidirectional amplifier 10 amplifies the transmission signal from the circulator 33 and outputs it to the transmission / reception antenna 34.
Further, the bidirectional amplifier 10 amplifies the reception signal from the transmission / reception antenna 34 and outputs the amplified signal to the circulator 33.
The transmission / reception antenna 34 radiates the amplified transmission signal from the bidirectional amplifier 10 to the space as a radio wave, takes in the radio wave from the space, and outputs the reception signal to the bidirectional amplifier 10.

[Operation of this transceiver]
First, transmission signal amplification processing and transmission processing will be described. In FIG. 3, the transmission signal is indicated by a solid line, and the reception signal is indicated by a dotted line.
When a transmission signal is input to the input terminal 31, the circulator 33 outputs the transmission signal to the bidirectional amplifier 10.
The bidirectional amplifier 10 amplifies the transmission signal from the circulator 33 and outputs it to the transmission / reception antenna 34.
The transmission / reception antenna 34 radiates the amplified transmission signal to the space by radio waves.

Next, received signal reception processing and amplification processing will be described.
The transmission / reception antenna 34 captures radio waves from the space and inputs the received signal to the bidirectional amplifier 10.
The bidirectional amplifier 10 amplifies the reception signal from the transmission / reception antenna 34 and outputs the amplified signal to the circulator 33.
The circulator 33 outputs the amplified received signal from the bidirectional amplifier 33 to the output terminal 32.

[Effect of this transceiver]
According to this transceiver, when the transmission frequency is the same as the reception frequency and transmission / reception is performed with a single antenna, for example, when applied to a sensor or radar, it is effective for transmission waves and has a simple configuration. There is an effect that bidirectional wideband amplification can be realized at low cost.

[Effect of the embodiment]
According to the first bidirectional amplifier, by using a negative resistance amplifier such as the 3 dB coupler 1 and the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b, both in a wide band at a certain frequency range of the negative resistances of the Gunn diodes 2a and 2b. Since a bidirectional amplifier can be realized and a complicated circuit such as a transistor and a circulator is not used, a bidirectional amplifier can be realized at a low cost with a very simple configuration.

  According to the second bidirectional amplifier, the negative resistance of the transistors 11a and 11b in the Colpitts circuit is obtained by using the 3 dB coupler 1 and the negative resistance amplifier in which the Colpitts circuit is connected using the negative resistance terminal. A wide range bidirectional amplifier can be realized at a range of frequencies, the amplification factor can be increased compared to the first bidirectional amplifier, and since no circulator or the like is used, the bidirectional configuration is simple and inexpensive. There is an effect of realizing the amplifier.

  According to this transmitter / receiver, when the first and second bidirectional amplifiers are used, the transmission frequency and the reception frequency are the same, and transmission / reception is performed with a single antenna, the configuration is simple and low-cost bidirectional broadband. There is an effect that amplification can be realized.

  The present invention is suitable for a broadband bidirectional amplifier that is simple in construction and inexpensive.

  1 ... 3 dB coupler, 2a, 2b ... Gun diode, 3a, 3b ... coil, 4a, 4b ... capacitor, 5a, 5b ... bias power supply, 6a, 6b ... input / output terminal , 10 ... Bidirectional amplifier, 11a, 11b ... Transistor, 12a, 12b ... Bias power supply, 13a, 13b ... Capacitor, 14a, 14b ... Capacitor, 15a, 15b ... Coil, 16a, 16b ... resistor, 17a, 17b ... coil, 18a, 18b ... resistor, 19a, 19b ... capacitor, 20a, 20b ... capacitor, 21a, 21b ... coil, 22a, 22b ... resistor, 23a, 23b ... capacitor, 31 ... input terminal, 32 ... output terminal, 33 ... circulator, 34 ... transmitting / receiving antenna

Claims (6)

A bidirectional amplifier having a coupler with first to fourth terminals,
The first and second terminals are input / output ports;
The third and fourth terminals are isolation ports;
A bidirectional amplifier, wherein a diode having a negative resistance is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and a bias voltage is applied to the diode. The diode with negative resistance is a tunnel diode, a Gunn diode or an in-pad diode,
2. The bidirectional amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the anode of the diode is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and the cathode of the diode is grounded.   One end of a coil is connected to the anode of the diode, a bias power source is connected to the other end of the coil, one end of a capacitor is connected to the other end of the coil, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded. The bidirectional amplifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. A bidirectional amplifier having a coupler with first to fourth terminals,
The first and second terminals are input / output ports;
The third and fourth terminals are isolation ports;
A bidirectional amplifier characterized in that a Colpitts circuit having a negative resistance is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and a bias voltage is applied to the Colpitts circuit. The Colpitts circuit comprises a transistor,
5. The base of the transistor is connected to each of the third and fourth terminals, and a bias power supply is connected to the collector of the transistor via a parallel connection circuit of a coil and a capacitor. Bi-directional amplifier. A transceiver,
An input terminal for inputting a transmission signal;
An output terminal for outputting a received signal;
Bidirectional amplification, comprising a first terminal for inputting a transmission signal and outputting an amplified reception signal, and a second terminal for inputting a reception signal and outputting an amplified transmission signal, A bidirectional amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
A circulator for outputting a transmission signal from the input terminal to the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier and outputting a reception signal from the first terminal of the bidirectional amplifier to the output terminal;
A transmitter / receiver antenna connected to a second terminal of the bidirectional amplifier;

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