JP2014214980A - Cooling device and method of condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide cooling device and method of a condenser free from cracking such as a pin hole, of cooling water capillaries of the condenser.SOLUTION: A cooling device includes an introduction passage 12 for introducing cooling water 11, an inlet water chamber 13 connected to the introduction passage 12 for introducing the cooling water 11, a condenser 26 to which steam 22 is introduced from a steam turbine 21, and which includes a plurality of vertical cooling capillaries 25 disposed on an upper tube plate 23 and a lower tube plate 24, a condensation water chamber 28 disposed on a bottom portion of the condenser 26 for storing condensed water 27 of the cooled steam 22, an outlet water chamber 14 for allowing the cooling water 11 introduced from the inlet water chamber 13 to pass through an outer periphery of the vertical cooling capillaries 25, and discharging the cooling water 11 after cooling, and a discharge passage 15 connected to the outlet water chamber 14 for discharging the cooling water 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a condenser cooling apparatus and method.

  Conventionally, in thermal power generation facilities and the like, steam generated in a boiler furnace is cooled and condensed by a condenser to form condensate, which is circulated and used as boiler feed water. Here, in the condenser, a plurality of cooling water thin tubes (for example, 4000 to 5000) for cooling the steam are provided, and cooling seawater is introduced into the cooling water thin tubes as cooling water. For example, if a gap, a crack, a crack such as a pinhole or the like occurs in the cooling water thin tube, a seawater leak from which seawater as cooling water leaks occurs.

  When this seawater leak occurs, it is mixed in the condensed condensate, and salt is mixed in the condensate to corrode various pipes. Therefore, various seawater leakage detection devices have been proposed to monitor seawater leakage from the condenser (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2004-144708 A JP 2006-267095 A

  By the way, in the leak detection device according to Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example, when detecting leakage of seawater for cooling water for condensate, it is periodically performed to check whether the detection accuracy is always appropriate. It is necessary to check.

  That is, conventionally, there is a problem that inspection for the monitoring device is required every periodic inspection (for example, about once every two years) for monitoring seawater leaks. In addition, if there is a malfunction in the monitoring device before the periodic inspection, abnormalities are confirmed for the first time in the periodic inspection. As a result, even if corrosion due to seawater leaks progresses, check until the periodic inspection. There is a problem that you can't.

  Therefore, the appearance of a condenser cooling apparatus and method that eliminates seawater leaks without causing cracks such as gaps, cracks, and pinholes in the condenser cooling water tubes is eagerly desired.

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the cooling device and method of a condenser which does not generate | occur | produce cracks, such as a clearance gap, a crack, and a pinhole, in the cooling water thin tube of a condenser in view of the said problem.

  The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is an introduction passage for introducing cooling water, an inlet water chamber connected to the introduction passage for introducing cooling water, and introduction of steam from a steam turbine. A condenser having a plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes disposed on the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, and a condenser that is provided at the bottom of the condenser and stores the condensate in which the steam is cooled. A water chamber, an outlet water chamber for passing cooling water introduced from the inlet water chamber through the outer periphery of the vertical cooling capillary and discharging the cooled water after cooling, and the outlet water chamber, A condenser cooling device comprising a discharge passage for discharging water.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, the steam is cooled by the vertical cooling narrow tube to form condensate, so that the steam drain and the hard steam oxidation scale do not directly collide with the vertical cooling thin tube, so that erosion occurs. As a result, pinholes are prevented from occurring in the narrow tube, and seawater leaks do not occur.

  A second invention is the condenser cooling device according to the first invention, wherein an inlet slit member having a plurality of openings is provided above the upper tube sheet.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, the steam is uniformly introduced into each opening to prevent the steam from being biased, and uniform cooling is possible.

  According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, an outlet slit member provided on a lower side of the lower tube sheet and having a plurality of openings, and condensate in each opening of the outlet slit member are collected. And a condenser cooling device characterized by comprising an analysis means for analyzing the properties of the condensate.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, since the properties of the cooled condensate are analyzed for each opening, even if a seawater leak occurs, it is possible to specify a seawater leak tubule.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling method for a condenser, characterized in that steam and steam drain are introduced into a vertical cooling narrow tube, cooling water is supplied around the cooling thin tube, and steam is used as condensate. It is in.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the steam is cooled by the vertical cooling thin tube to form condensate, so that the steam drain and the hard steam oxidation scale do not directly collide with the vertical cooling thin tube, so that erosion occurs. As a result, pinholes are prevented from occurring in the narrow tube, and seawater leaks do not occur.

  A fifth invention is characterized in that, in the fourth invention, the inlet slit member having an opening for dividing the steam or the steam drain is used, and the steam or the steam drain is uniformly introduced into the plurality of vertical cooling capillaries. It is in the condenser cooling method.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the steam is uniformly introduced into each opening to prevent the steam from being biased, and uniform cooling is possible.

  A sixth invention is the fourth or fifth invention, wherein an outlet slit member having an opening for dividing condensate is used to separate condensate falling from a plurality of vertical cooling tubules, and condensate is discharged from the divided openings. This is a condenser cooling method characterized by collecting a part of the water and analyzing the nature of the condensate.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, since the properties of the cooled condensate are analyzed for each opening, even if a seawater leak occurs, it is possible to identify a seawater leak tubule.

  According to the present invention, in the cooling of the condenser, the steam is cooled by the vertical cooling thin tube to form condensate, so that the steam drain and the hard steam oxidation scale directly collide with the vertical cooling thin tube. No erosion occurs, and as a result, the occurrence of pinholes in the vertical cooling thin tubes is prevented and seawater leaks do not occur.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a condenser according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility including the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flowing around the vertical cooling capillary. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which water droplets and scales fall on the vertical cooling thin tubes according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which water droplets and a scale are dropped on a horizontal water pipe according to a comparative example. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the condenser according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic front view thereof. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the entrance slit member. FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the condenser according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the outlet slit member.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a condenser according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a thermal power generation boiler facility including the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling water flowing around the vertical cooling capillary.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment includes an introduction passage 12 that introduces cooling water 11 and an inlet water that is connected to the introduction passage 12 and introduces the cooling water 11. A condenser 26 provided with a plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes 25 into which the steam 22 from the chamber 13 and the steam turbine 21 is introduced and arranged in a plurality of upper tube plates 23 and lower tube plates 24; The condensate water chamber 28 for storing the condensate 27 cooled by the steam 22 and the cooling water 11 introduced from the inlet water chamber 13 are allowed to pass through the outer periphery of the vertical cooling capillary 25 and are provided after cooling. An outlet water chamber 14 that discharges the cooling water 11 and a discharge passage 35 that is connected to the outlet water chamber 14 and discharges the cooling water 11 are provided.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 31 is the sea, 32 is a water intake channel, 33 is a water intake tank, 34 is a rotary screen means, 35 is a water conduit, 36 is a water discharge channel, 37 is a condensate channel, 38 is a boiler, 39 is a chimney, G is a generator, P ₁ is a water intake pump, and P ₁₀ is a condensate pump.

In the cooling system in the condenser 26, seawater, which is the cooling water 11 introduced up to the intake tank 33, is sucked by the intake pump P ₁ , so that the inlet water chamber 13 of the condenser 26 through the introduction passage 12. To be introduced. In this condenser 26, the steam 22 worked in the steam turbine 21 connected coaxially with the generator G is disposed around the periphery of the cooling water 11 disposed in the condenser 26 and guided from the inlet water chamber 13. The water is cooled by a large number of vertical cooling thin tubes 25 passing therethrough to form condensate 27.

  The cooling water 11 is sterilized by chlorine treatment means (not shown) in the intake tank 33, for example, sodium hypochlorite, etc., for example, to prevent adhesion of marine products contained in seawater in the system. Yes.

  In this embodiment, a plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes 25 (for example, about 4000 to 100,000) are installed on the upper tube plate 23 and the lower tube plate 24 provided in the condenser 26, and as shown in FIG. The periphery of the vertical cooling narrow pipe 25 is cooled by passing the cooling water 11, whereby the steam 22 from the steam turbine 21 is cooled and used as condensed water 27.

  The cooling water 11 that has passed through the vertical cooling narrow pipe 25 is discharged from the outlet water chamber 14 of the condenser 26 to the sea 31 via the water conduit 35 and the water discharge path 36.

  In the present embodiment, since a large number of vertical cooling tubes 25 having the steam 22 as the condensate 27 are arranged in the vertical axis direction, the steam 22 falls in the vertical cooling tubes 25, and cooling is performed at the time of the dropping. When the water 11 passes through the outside and cools, the water 11 is drained to form condensed water 27.

  As a result, since the cooling water 11 passes outside the vertical cooling narrow tube 25, unlike the conventional case, no hole is generated in the narrow tube.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which water droplets and scales fall on the vertical cooling thin tubes according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which water droplets and a scale are dropped on a horizontal water pipe according to a comparative example.
As shown in FIG. 4A, in the present embodiment, the vertical cooling thin tubes 25 are arranged in the vertical direction, so that the condensate water droplets 51 and the scale 52 in the steam are along the vertical cooling thin tubes 25. Since it falls, it does not become the effect | action which the water droplet 51 and the scale 52 pierce | pierce with respect to a pipe | tube.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, in the horizontal cooling thin tubes 53 arranged in the direction orthogonal to the conventional vertical direction, the condensate water droplets 51 and the scale 52 in the steam are spread over a long period of time. As a result, erosion such as a piercing action due to falling occurs, and pinholes 54 are generated.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the vertical cooling thin tubes 25 are arranged vertically, it is possible to prevent the steam drain and the hard steam oxide scale from directly colliding with the thin tubes, and there is no occurrence of erosion. A pinhole cannot be formed, and as a result, no seawater leak occurs.

  In addition, since only the upper tube plate 23 is the place where erosion occurs, no pores are generated on the surface of the vertical cooling thin tube 25.

  In addition, as in the past, when seawater as cooling water passes through a horizontally placed cooling thin tube, there was a blockage due to adhesion of marine organisms inside the cooling thin tube. Since the seawater which is the water 11 passes through the outer periphery of the vertical cooling thin tube 25, the blockage does not occur.

  As a result, the frequency of repair of the vertical cooling thin tubes 25 is reduced, and the steam 22 can be cooled stably for a long period of time.

  Further, as a cooling facility, the cooling capacity of the vertical cooling thin tube 25 may be a two-chamber (two-stage) structure depending on the turbine output so as to maintain the cooling capacity.

  Thus, according to the condenser cooling device of the present embodiment, the steam 22 is cooled by the installation of the vertical cooling thin tube 25 to form the condensate 27. And the hard steam oxide scale do not directly collide, so that erosion does not occur, and as a result, pinholes are prevented from being generated in the narrow tubes, and seawater leaks do not occur.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a condenser according to the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a schematic front view thereof, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an inlet slit member. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which overlaps with the structure of the cooling device of the condenser which concerns on Example 1, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the condenser cooling device according to the present embodiment is the same as the condenser cooling device according to the first embodiment, but includes an inlet slit having a plurality of openings 40 above the upper tube plate 23. A member 41 is provided.
In this opening 40, the inlet side and the outlet side communicate with each other, and the vapor 22 is partitioned and passed through according to the trap of the opening 40.

  Since the inlet slit member 41 having the opening 40 is installed on the upper side of the upper tube plate 23 (the inlet side of the steam 22), the steam 22 is uniformly introduced into each opening 40 of the inlet slit member 41, The bias of the steam 22 will be prevented. As a result, the steam 22 introduced uniformly into the opening 40 is introduced into the vertical cooling thin tube 25, and the steam 22 is uniformly cooled.

  Here, it is preferable to adjust the opening area so that about 50 to 200, preferably about 100, of the vertical cooling thin tubes 25 are divided into a part of the opening 40.

  According to the present embodiment, by providing the inlet slit member 41 having the opening 40 on the inlet side of the vertical cooling thin tube 25 that is a cooling unit, the steam 22 is uniformly introduced into each opening 40, and the deviation of the steam 22 is obtained. Therefore, uniform cooling is possible.

  According to the present embodiment, since the inlet slit member 41 having the opening 40 for dividing the steam 22 or the steam drain is used and the steam 22 or the steam drain is uniformly introduced into the plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes 25, each opening 40 The steam 22 is evenly introduced into the inside, and the unevenness of the steam 22 is prevented, so that uniform cooling is possible.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a condenser according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an outlet slit member. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which overlaps with the structure of the cooling device of the condenser which concerns on Example 1 and 2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the condenser cooling device according to the present embodiment is the condenser cooling device according to the second embodiment, further provided below the lower tube plate 24, and having a plurality of openings. And an analyzing means for collecting the condensate 27 in each opening 42 of the outlet slit member 43 and analyzing the properties of the condensate 27.

  In the present embodiment, an outlet slit member 43 having a plurality of openings 42 is disposed below the vertical cooling narrow tube 25, and the condensate 27 that flows down as the steam 22 drains in the vertical cooling thin tube 25 flows into the condensate water chamber 28. A plurality of openings 42 are partitioned on the upper side.

Then, a collection capillary (not shown) is arranged in each opening 42, and a part of the falling condensate 27 is collected by each collection capillary, and a chlorine analyzer 45, which is an analysis means, continuously extracts chlorine ions and the like. Analysis is conducted to analyze the occurrence of seawater leaks.
The analysis result of the chlorine analyzer 45 is sent to the control means 46.

  In this embodiment, about 100 vertical cooling tubules 25 are divided with respect to one opening 42, so that leak tubules can be detected quickly and accurately.

  In the prior art, the nature of the condensate 27 discharged from the condenser 26 is detected by the condensate passage 37, but it is not possible to specify which pipe has the seawater leak only by this detection. It was.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the tubule of the opening 42 is detected from the collection capillary, the leaking fold can be identified.

  As an alternative to continuous analysis, when it was confirmed that a seawater leak occurred in the salt analyzer installed on the downstream side of the condensate pump of the normal condensate system, the valve V was opened, A part of the condensate 27 can be collected from the opening 42 by a collecting thin tube, and the presence or absence of seawater leakage can be confirmed.

  According to the present embodiment, the outlet slit member 43 having the opening 42 for partitioning the condensate 27 is used to partition the condensate 27 falling from the plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes 25, and the condensate 27 is separated from the partitioned openings 42. If a seawater leak occurs by analyzing the properties of the cooled condensate for each unit of each opening 42, a part of the sample is collected through a collection capillary and analyzed for the properties of the condensate. However, it is possible to identify the tubule of seawater leak.

  In this embodiment, the outlet slit member 43 and the analyzing means 45 having a plurality of openings 42 are further provided on the lower side of the lower tube sheet 24 in the second embodiment, but in the first embodiment, the plurality of openings 40 are provided. The outlet slit member 43 and the analyzing means 45 may be provided only on the lower side of the lower tube sheet 24 without providing the inlet slit member 41 having the above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Cooling water 12 Introductory passage 13 Inlet water chamber 14 Outlet water chamber 21 Steam turbine 22 Steam 23 Upper tube plate 24 Lower tube plate 25 Vertical cooling thin tube 26 Condenser 27 Condensate 28 Condensate water chamber

Claims (6)

An introduction passage for introducing cooling water;
An inlet water chamber connected to the introduction passage and introducing cooling water;
A condenser that introduces steam from a steam turbine and includes a plurality of vertical cooling thin tubes disposed in an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate;
A condensate water chamber for storing condensate in which the steam is cooled, provided at the bottom of the condenser;
An outlet water chamber through which the cooling water introduced from the inlet water chamber passes through the outer periphery of the vertical cooling capillary and discharges the cooled cooling water;
A condenser cooling device, comprising: a discharge passage connected to the outlet water chamber and discharging the cooling water. In claim 1,
A condenser cooling device, wherein an inlet slit member having a plurality of openings is provided on an upper side of the upper tube sheet. In claim 1 or 2,
An outlet slit member provided on the lower side of the lower tube sheet and having a plurality of openings;
A condenser cooling device, comprising: analysis means for collecting condensate in each opening of the outlet slit member and analyzing the properties of the condensate.   A condenser cooling method, characterized in that steam and steam drain are introduced into a vertical cooling narrow tube, cooling water is supplied around the cooling thin tube, and steam is used as condensate. In claim 4,
A condenser cooling method, wherein an inlet slit member having an opening for dividing steam or steam drain is used, and steam or steam drain is uniformly introduced into a plurality of vertical cooling capillaries. In claim 4 or 5,
Using an outlet slit member with an opening to separate the condensate, the condensate falling from multiple vertical cooling capillaries is divided, and a part of the condensate is sampled from the divided openings to analyze the condensate properties. A condenser cooling method characterized by:

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