JP2014210288A - Hot forging method - Google Patents
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- JP2014210288A JP2014210288A JP2014071427A JP2014071427A JP2014210288A JP 2014210288 A JP2014210288 A JP 2014210288A JP 2014071427 A JP2014071427 A JP 2014071427A JP 2014071427 A JP2014071427 A JP 2014071427A JP 2014210288 A JP2014210288 A JP 2014210288A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
Abstract
Description
本発明は、熱間鍛造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a hot forging method.
熱間鍛造を行うにあたり、被鍛造材素材には潤滑剤が被覆される。潤滑剤のうち、特に硝子潤滑剤は摩擦係数を低くする潤滑剤として知られている。熱間鍛造の場合、この硝子潤滑剤を被覆した被鍛造材素材は加熱炉で所定の温度に加熱され、鍛造されることになる。
しかしながら、例えば、硝子潤滑剤で被覆した被鍛造材を加熱炉で加熱する際やマニピュレータでの搬送の際、炉床に接した面の硝子潤滑剤が剥離したり、被鍛造材の鍛造温度への加熱によって硝子潤滑剤の粘度が低下して被鍛造材の下部へ潤滑剤が垂れてしまう。特に、変形の大きくなる場所に被覆した硝子潤滑剤が剥離したり、被覆した硝子潤滑剤が垂れてしまって薄くなってしまった場合、摩擦係数が高まって局所的に被鍛造材素材の熱間加工性が低下したり、金型に焼き付きを起こしてしまう問題がある。
上述した問題に対しては、種々の検討がなされている。例えば、潤滑剤の組成を調整して剥離を防止する方法が国際公開第ＷＯ２０１１／０４０２６１号パンフレット（特許文献１）で提案されている。
In performing hot forging, the material to be forged is coated with a lubricant. Of the lubricants, glass lubricants in particular are known as lubricants that lower the coefficient of friction. In the case of hot forging, the forging material covered with this glass lubricant is heated to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace and forged.
However, for example, when a forging material coated with a glass lubricant is heated in a heating furnace or transported by a manipulator, the glass lubricant on the surface in contact with the hearth is peeled off or the forging temperature of the forging material is increased. Due to this heating, the viscosity of the glass lubricant is lowered, and the lubricant hangs down to the lower part of the forged material. In particular, if the coated glass lubricant peels off in places where deformation becomes large, or if the coated glass lubricant hangs down and becomes thin, the friction coefficient increases and the forged material is heated locally. There are problems that workability is lowered and seizure occurs in the mold.
Various studies have been made on the problems described above. For example, International Publication No. WO2011 / 040261 (Patent Document 1) proposes a method for preventing peeling by adjusting the composition of the lubricant.
上述した特許文献１で示される発明は、冷間鍛造に用いるものであるため、そのまま熱間鍛造に適用できるものではない。また、潤滑剤の組成の調整だけでは、熱間鍛造する被鍛造材素材表面に被覆された潤滑剤の剥離を防止することは不十分である。
本発明の目的は、熱間鍛造前の加熱工程においても、潤滑剤の剥離を防止し、潤滑剤の剥離に起因する熱間加工材の熱間加工性の低下を防止し、且つ、金型への焼き付き防止といった問題を確実に防止することができる熱間鍛造方法を提供することである。
Since the invention shown in Patent Document 1 described above is used for cold forging, it cannot be applied to hot forging as it is. Further, it is insufficient to prevent the lubricant coated on the surface of the material to be forged to be hot forged only by adjusting the composition of the lubricant.
The object of the present invention is to prevent the lubricant from peeling off even in the heating step before hot forging, to prevent the hot workability of the hot-worked material from deteriorating due to the peeling of the lubricant, and to mold It is to provide a hot forging method capable of reliably preventing problems such as prevention of seizure.
本発明は上述した課題に鑑みてなされたものである。
すなわち本発明は、
被鍛造材素材を潤滑剤で被覆する潤滑剤被覆工程と、
前記潤滑剤被覆工程により潤滑剤が被覆された被鍛造材素材の少なくとも一部に、更に、繊維状の被覆材で被覆して被鍛造材とする被鍛造材製造工程と、
前記被鍛造材を熱間鍛造温度まで加熱して加熱材とする加熱工程と、
前記加熱材を用いて熱間鍛造する熱間鍛造工程と、
を含む熱間鍛造方法である。
また、前記潤滑剤被覆工程前に被鍛造材素材を予熱する予熱工程を行うことが好ましい。
また、前記繊維状の被覆材は紙であるか、または、金属繊維であることが好ましい。
また、塗布、噴霧、浸漬のうち少なくとも一つの方法によって、前記被鍛造材素材を前記潤滑材で被覆することが好ましい。
また、前記潤滑剤は硝子潤滑剤であることが好ましい。
また、本発明で被覆する前記潤滑剤の厚さが０．１ｍｍ以上であることが好ましい。
また、本発明の熱間鍛造方法は、Ｔｉ合金またはＮｉ基超耐熱合金等の難加工性材料を被鍛造材素材としたときに特に有効である。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
That is, the present invention
A lubricant coating process for coating the material to be forged with a lubricant;
A forging material manufacturing step in which at least a part of the forging material material coated with the lubricant by the lubricant coating step is further coated with a fibrous coating material to be a forging material;
A heating step of heating the forging material to a hot forging temperature to form a heating material;
A hot forging step of hot forging using the heating material;
Is a hot forging method.
In addition, it is preferable to perform a preheating step of preheating the material to be forged before the lubricant coating step.
The fibrous covering material is preferably paper or metal fiber.
Moreover, it is preferable to coat | cover the said to-be-forged material raw material with the said lubricant by at least one method among application | coating, spraying, and immersion.
The lubricant is preferably a glass lubricant.
Moreover, it is preferable that the lubricant coated with the present invention has a thickness of 0.1 mm or more.
In addition, the hot forging method of the present invention is particularly effective when a difficult-to-work material such as a Ti alloy or a Ni-base superalloy is used as a material to be forged.
本発明によれば、被鍛造材素材に被覆した潤滑剤の剥離を確実に防止することが可能なため、潤滑剤の剥離に起因する熱間加工材の熱間加工性の低下を防止し、且つ、金型への焼き付き防止といった問題を確実に防止することができる。 According to the present invention, since it is possible to reliably prevent the lubricant coated on the material to be forged, it is possible to prevent a decrease in hot workability of the hot work material due to the lubricant peeling, In addition, problems such as prevention of seizing on the mold can be reliably prevented.
上述したように、本発明の最大の特徴は熱間鍛造において、被鍛造材素材に被覆した潤滑剤の剥離を防止することにある。図１及び図２を用いながら、以下に本発明を詳しく説明する。
（予熱工程）
先ず、被鍛造材素材１は被覆した潤滑剤を短時間で乾燥させる目的で５０〜１５０℃程度に予熱される。この予熱工程は常法で差し支えない。
（潤滑剤被覆工程）
次に、予熱された被鍛造材素材１に潤滑剤２を被覆する。潤滑剤の被覆は塗布、噴射、浸漬の何れか１つの方法か、または、２以上の方法を組み合わせても差し支えない。被覆された潤滑剤は上述の予熱工程で予熱された被鍛造素材の保有熱によって短時間のうちに乾燥が終了する。
As described above, the greatest feature of the present invention is to prevent peeling of the lubricant coated on the material to be forged in hot forging. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.
(Preheating process)
First, the forged material 1 is preheated to about 50 to 150 ° C. for the purpose of drying the coated lubricant in a short time. This preheating step can be performed by a conventional method.
(Lubricant coating process)
Next, the lubricant 2 is coated on the preheated forging material 1. The lubricant coating may be any one of application, spraying, and dipping, or a combination of two or more methods. The coated lubricant finishes drying in a short time due to the retained heat of the forging material preheated in the preheating step.
（被鍛造材製造工程）
次に、本発明では上述した潤滑剤２を被覆した被鍛造材素材１を用いて、更に、繊維状の被覆材で被覆して被鍛造材３とする。この被鍛造材製造工程が本発明で最も特徴的な工程である。
潤滑剤を被覆した被鍛造材素材は、熱間鍛造温度に加熱される。このとき特別な手立てを講じておかないと、被鍛造材素材が炉床に接触した面や、マニピュレータによる搬送時にマニピュレータの把持部と被鍛造材素材とが接触した場所の潤滑剤が剥離する。この潤滑剤の剥離は、特に硝子潤滑剤で激しく生じる。
乾燥した潤滑剤２が被覆された被鍛造材素材１を繊維状の被覆材４で被覆すると、繊維状の被覆材４が潤滑剤の剥離防止層として機能する。そのため、繊維状の被覆材４で被覆しない場合に比べて被鍛造材素材表面に被覆した潤滑剤の剥離や脱落が防止されることになる。また、被鍛造材に被覆した潤滑剤をむらなく所定の温度まで加熱することが可能となる。更に、被覆材は潤滑剤の垂れ防止にも寄与し、大きな変形を生じる場所を被覆材で被覆しておけば、その場所の潤滑剤の厚さを厚いままで維持することができる。
このとき、繊維状の被覆材４は、少なくとも炉床に接する面側を被覆しても良いし（図１）、被鍛造材３をマニピュレータで搬送する必要があれば、更にマニピュレータで把持する場所や、大きな変形を生じる場所に繊維状の被覆材４を配置するのが好ましい（図２）。もちろん、全面を被覆しても良いが、その場合、繊維状の被覆材の材質によっては被鍛造材素材の温度が分かりにくくなる場合があるため、少なくとも一部の場所、好ましくは、炉床と接する面の反対側は被覆しないでおくのが良い。
なお、図１や図２では、柱状の被鍛造材素材と示しているが、本発明で用いる繊維状の被覆材は、被鍛造材素材の形状が複雑であっても、その形状に沿うように被覆材で被覆できる。また、前述のようにマニピュレータで把持する場所や、大きな変形を生じる場所といった場所を適宜選定して被覆することも可能である。例えば、マニピュレータで把持する場所のみを被覆する場合では、被鍛造材素材の側面のみを被覆しても良い。また、被覆材を積層して被覆することも可能である。
(Forged material manufacturing process)
Next, in the present invention, the to-be-forged material 3 is further coated with a fibrous covering material using the forging material 1 coated with the lubricant 2 described above. This forged material manufacturing process is the most characteristic process in the present invention.
The material to be forged covered with the lubricant is heated to a hot forging temperature. Unless special measures are taken at this time, the lubricant on the surface where the forged material comes into contact with the hearth or the place where the gripping portion of the manipulator and the forged material come into contact with each other during conveyance by the manipulator is peeled off. This exfoliation of the lubricant occurs particularly vigorously with a glass lubricant.
When the forged material 1 coated with the dried lubricant 2 is coated with the fibrous covering material 4, the fibrous covering material 4 functions as a lubricant peeling preventing layer. Therefore, the lubricant coated on the surface of the material to be forged is prevented from being peeled off or dropped as compared with the case where the material is not covered with the fibrous covering material 4. In addition, the lubricant coated on the material to be forged can be heated to a predetermined temperature without unevenness. Furthermore, the coating material also contributes to prevention of dripping of the lubricant. If a place where a large deformation occurs is covered with the coating material, the thickness of the lubricant at that place can be maintained thick.
At this time, the fibrous covering material 4 may cover at least the surface side in contact with the hearth (FIG. 1), and if it is necessary to transport the material 3 to be forged by a manipulator, a place where the manipulator holds it further. Alternatively, it is preferable to dispose the fibrous covering material 4 in a place where large deformation occurs (FIG. 2). Of course, the entire surface may be covered, but in that case, depending on the material of the fibrous covering material, the temperature of the material to be forged may be difficult to understand, so at least some places, preferably the hearth It is better not to cover the opposite side of the contact surface.
1 and 2, the columnar forged material is shown. However, the fibrous covering material used in the present invention may follow the shape of the forged material even if the shape of the forged material is complicated. Can be coated with a coating material. Further, as described above, it is possible to appropriately select and cover a place such as a place to be gripped by a manipulator or a place where a large deformation occurs. For example, in the case where only the place to be gripped by the manipulator is covered, only the side surface of the material to be forged may be covered. Moreover, it is also possible to laminate | stack and coat | cover a coating material.
更に、繊維状の被覆材４自体も潤滑剤２で被覆するのが好ましい。繊維状の被覆材自体も潤滑剤で被覆すると、潤滑剤が有する潤滑効果を確実に得ることができる。繊維状の被覆材自体も潤滑剤で被覆する方法としては、例えば、繊維状の被覆材を潤滑剤に浸漬させる方法で被覆材全体に潤滑材を染み込ませる方法があり、最も容易で潤滑剤を被覆材に被覆する確実な方法である。
また、繊維状の被覆材の材質は、例えば、硝子繊維、金属繊維、紙等の種々の繊維状のものを適用することができるが、中でも特に、紙や金属繊維であれば良い。
被覆材に紙を用いた場合では、紙は安価であり且つ、入手もしやすい。更に、被鍛造材素材の予熱温度である１５０℃程度では燃焼することなく、被鍛造材素材の形状が複雑であっても、形状に沿った形で容易に被覆することができる。この特性を活かして例えば、熱間鍛造中に特に変形量の多い場所に重点的に潤滑剤で被覆可能なように、当該場所に潤滑剤で被覆し、更に紙で被覆すると良い。
更に、紙であれば、実際の熱間鍛造するための予熱炉に搬入した時に、紙だけが燃焼し潤滑剤を被鍛造素材に残留させることができ、被鍛造素材が所定温度に上昇したか否かの確認も容易である。
また、金属繊維を用いた場合では、金属繊維は直径が２００μｍ以下程度の金属細線が網状となっているため、その網状内にも潤滑剤が入りこんで潤滑剤の厚さを厚くすることができる。例えば、熱間鍛造中に特に変形量の多い場所に重点的に潤滑剤で被覆可能なように、当該場所に潤滑剤で被覆すると良い。更に、被鍛造材素材の形状が複雑であっても、形状に沿った形で容易に被覆することができる。
更に、金属繊維は、熱間鍛造温度までの昇温時に被鍛造材の昇温の妨げになり難い。さらに、熱間鍛造温度での加熱保持中に酸化の進行によって金属細線が脆くなるため、たとえ金属繊維を被覆したまま熱間鍛造を行った場合でも、脆くなった金属繊維は熱間鍛造で容易に破砕され、熱間鍛造の妨げにもならない。
本発明では、この繊維状の被覆材４で熱間鍛造用素材１を被覆して熱間鍛造用の被鍛造材３とする。被覆材の厚さは３ｍｍ以下で十分である。もちろん、１ｍｍ程度の厚さの被覆材を積層して用いても構わない。
Furthermore, it is preferable that the fibrous covering material 4 itself is also coated with the lubricant 2. If the fibrous covering material itself is also coated with a lubricant, the lubricating effect of the lubricant can be reliably obtained. As a method of coating the fibrous coating material itself with the lubricant, for example, there is a method in which the fibrous coating material is immersed in the lubricant so that the entire surface of the coating material is soaked with the lubricant. This is a reliable method of covering the covering material.
In addition, as the material of the fibrous covering material, for example, various fibrous materials such as glass fiber, metal fiber, and paper can be applied, and in particular, paper or metal fiber may be used.
When paper is used as the covering material, the paper is inexpensive and easily available. Furthermore, even if the shape of the material to be forged is complicated, it can be easily coated in a shape along the shape without burning at a preheating temperature of about 150 ° C. which is the preheating temperature of the material to be forged. Taking advantage of this characteristic, for example, it is preferable to cover the place with a lubricant and to cover with a paper so that the place with a large amount of deformation can be covered with a lubricant mainly during hot forging.
In addition, if paper is carried into a preheating furnace for actual hot forging, only the paper can be burned and lubricant can be left on the material to be forged. It is easy to check whether or not.
Further, in the case of using metal fibers, the metal fibers have a network of fine metal wires having a diameter of about 200 μm or less, so that the lubricant can enter the network to increase the thickness of the lubricant. . For example, during hot forging, it is preferable to cover the place with a lubricant so that the place can be covered with a lubricant mainly in a large amount of deformation. Furthermore, even if the shape of the material to be forged is complicated, it can be easily coated in a shape along the shape.
Furthermore, the metal fiber is unlikely to hinder the temperature rise of the material to be forged when the temperature is raised to the hot forging temperature. Furthermore, since the metal fine wire becomes brittle due to the progress of oxidation during heating and holding at the hot forging temperature, even when hot forging is performed with the metal fiber covered, the brittle metal fiber can be easily obtained by hot forging. It does not interfere with hot forging.
In the present invention, the hot forging material 1 is covered with the fibrous covering material 4 to obtain the forged material 3 for hot forging. The thickness of the covering material is sufficient to be 3 mm or less. Of course, a covering material having a thickness of about 1 mm may be laminated.
また、本発明で用いる潤滑剤は硝子潤滑剤を用いるのが好ましい。硝子潤滑剤は被鍛造素材との濡れ性が良好なため、十分な潤滑作用が得られるだけでなく、被鍛造材素材に部分的な不変形領域が発生するのも防止することができる。
なお、潤滑剤の厚さとしては、過度に薄くなると上述の不変形領域が発生する場合があるため、不変形領域の発生をより確実に防止するには、０．１ｍｍ以上の厚さを確保するのが好ましい。また、厚さの上限については特に限定しないが、例えば１ｍｍを超えて厚くしても潤滑効果が飽和するだけでなく、形状によっては被覆した潤滑剤が垂れてしまうので、厚さの上限としては１ｍｍであれば良い。
The lubricant used in the present invention is preferably a glass lubricant. Since the glass lubricant has good wettability with the material to be forged, not only a sufficient lubricating action can be obtained, but also the occurrence of a partial undeformed region in the material to be forged can be prevented.
In addition, as the thickness of the lubricant, if the thickness is excessively thin, the above-mentioned non-deformable region may occur. To prevent the non-deformable region from occurring more reliably, a thickness of 0.1 mm or more is ensured. It is preferable to do this. The upper limit of the thickness is not particularly limited. For example, even if the thickness exceeds 1 mm, not only the lubricating effect is saturated, but also depending on the shape, the coated lubricant hangs down. It may be 1 mm.
（加熱工程）
次に、本発明では、前記被鍛造材を熱間鍛造温度まで加熱して加熱材とする。熱間鍛造温度は、被鍛造材の材質によって適宜決定すればよく、例えば、Ｎｉ基超耐熱合金であれば９５０〜１１５０℃であり、Ｔｉ合金であれば８００〜１０００℃である。この他、析出強化型ステンレス鋼では９００〜１２００℃である。
（熱間鍛造工程）
上述した加熱材を用いて、熱間鍛造を行う。熱間鍛造は前記加熱材を加熱炉から熱間鍛造装置に移動させ、熱間鍛造装置で加熱材を押圧して所定の形状に成形する。
このとき、上述のように、例えば、被覆材を紙とした場合、鍛造温度に加熱するときに焼失するが、紙の燃焼後は炭素が残留して更なる摩擦係数の低減も期待できる。また、金属繊維を用いた場合には、金属繊維で被覆した場所は、潤滑剤が厚く形成されているため、熱間鍛造時の摩擦係数を低減することができる。
なお、本発明でいう熱間鍛造とは、通常の熱間鍛造の他、恒温鍛造やホットダイも本発明の範疇である。
また、上述したように、本発明では繊維状の被覆材により、被鍛造材素材に被覆した潤滑剤の潤滑性が維持されているため、例えば、難加工性材である、Ｔｉ合金またはＮｉ基超耐熱合金を被鍛造材素材とするときに特に有効である。なお、本発明でいうＮｉ基超耐熱合金とは、高温特性を改善するためにＣｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ等の合金元素を多量に添加してＦｅの含有量がおおよそ５０％以下に少なくなったもの、及び、ＮｉやＣｏそのものを主成分とするものであり、ほぼ６５０℃以上の高温で高いクリープ強度を有する合金を言う。代表的な合金としては７１８合金などである。
(Heating process)
Next, in this invention, the said to-be-forged material is heated to hot forging temperature, and it is set as a heating material. What is necessary is just to determine a hot forging temperature suitably with the material of a to-be-forged material, for example, it is 950-1150 degreeC in the case of Ni base superalloy, and is 800-1000 degreeC in the case of Ti alloy. In addition, it is 900-1200 degreeC in precipitation strengthening type stainless steel.
(Hot forging process)
Hot forging is performed using the heating material described above. In hot forging, the heating material is moved from a heating furnace to a hot forging device, and the heating material is pressed by the hot forging device to form a predetermined shape.
At this time, as described above, for example, when the covering material is paper, it is burned down when heated to the forging temperature. However, after combustion of the paper, carbon remains and further reduction of the friction coefficient can be expected. When metal fibers are used, the lubricant is formed thick in the places covered with the metal fibers, so that the friction coefficient during hot forging can be reduced.
The hot forging referred to in the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention, in addition to normal hot forging, isothermal forging and hot die.
Further, as described above, in the present invention, since the lubricity of the lubricant coated on the material to be forged is maintained by the fibrous coating material, for example, a Ti alloy or Ni base, which is a difficult-to-work material, is used. This is particularly effective when a super heat resistant alloy is used as a material to be forged. The Ni-based superalloy according to the present invention is an alloy in which the content of Fe is reduced to approximately 50% or less by adding a large amount of alloy elements such as Cr, Ni and Co in order to improve high temperature characteristics. And an alloy having Ni or Co itself as a main component and having high creep strength at a high temperature of about 650 ° C. or higher. A typical alloy is 718 alloy or the like.
被鍛造材素材１として、Ｎｉ基超耐熱合金のＡｌｌｏｙ７１８相当合金を３個用意した。被鍛造材素材１の形状は図２に示す模式図のような形状であり、その寸法はφ３０５ｍｍ×１８７ｍｍＬのものである。このＡｌｌｏｙ７１８相当合金を上型と下型に挟み込んで円盤状に押圧する熱間鍛造を行った。
被鍛造材素材１を加熱炉に挿入し、被鍛造材素材１を１５０℃に加熱した。
次に、加熱した被鍛造材素材１に硝子潤滑剤を噴霧によって０．２５ｍｍ被覆した。
潤滑剤が被覆された被鍛造材素材に、更に、繊維状の被覆材４として、黄板紙を用いて被覆して被鍛造材３とした（材料Ａ）。また、直径が１００μｍのＳＵＳ３０４製の金属細線が編み込まれた金属繊維で被覆して被鍛造材３とした（材料Ｂ）。また、比較例として、硝子潤滑剤で被覆後に、繊維状の被覆材で被覆しないものも用意した（材料Ｃ）。
As the material 1 to be forged, three alloys corresponding to Alloy 718 of Ni-based superalloys were prepared. The shape of the to-be-forged material 1 is a shape as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2, and the dimensions are those of φ305 mm × 187 mmL. Hot forging was performed in which the alloy equivalent to Alloy 718 was sandwiched between an upper die and a lower die and pressed into a disk shape.
The forging material 1 was inserted into a heating furnace, and the forging material 1 was heated to 150 ° C.
Next, the heated forging material 1 was coated with a glass lubricant by 0.25 mm by spraying.
The to-be-forged material 3 coated with the lubricant was further coated with yellow paper as the fibrous covering material 4 to obtain the to-be-forged material 3 (material A). Further, the to-be-forged material 3 was formed by covering with a metal fiber woven with SUS304 fine metal wires having a diameter of 100 μm (material B). In addition, as a comparative example, a material not coated with a fibrous coating material after coating with a glass lubricant was prepared (material C).
上記の材料Ａ、材料Ｂ（本発明例）及び材料Ｃ（比較例）の被鍛造材１を９８０℃に加熱された予熱炉に挿入するためにマニピュレータで把持したところ、材料Ｃでは搬送中に潤滑剤の剥離が生じた。
次に、被鍛造材を予熱炉に挿入し、被鍛造材３を所定温度に加熱した。このとき、本発明の材料Ａに被覆された紙の被覆材は焼失した。被鍛造材３が所定温度に達したのを確認し、マニピュレータで熱間鍛造機に搬送しようとしたところ、材料Ｃでは炉床接地面の硝子潤滑剤が剥離を生じたが、本発明例の材料Ａ、材料Ｂは硝子潤滑剤の剥離は起こさず、硝子潤滑剤で被覆されたままの状態で熱間鍛造が行えた。なお、材料Ｂに被覆した金属繊維は熱間鍛造温度での加熱保持で酸化が進行しており、熱間鍛造時に細かく破砕され、熱間鍛造に何等支障はきたさなかった。
今回の本発明例では、熱間鍛造後の熱間鍛造材は、何れも偏肉などの問題はなく、所定の形状に熱間鍛造が行えたが、比較例の材料Ｃでは、部分的に潤滑剤の剥離が見られたことから、潤滑剤の剥離部と金型とが焼付くおそれがあり、複数回の熱間鍛造を行うと、金型寿命の低下が懸念された。
上の結果から、本発明の熱間鍛造方法を適用することにより、被鍛造材素材に被覆した潤滑剤の剥離を確実に防止することが可能なため、潤滑剤の剥離に起因する熱間加工材の熱間加工性の低下を防止し、且つ、金型への焼き付き防止といった問題を確実に防止することができる。
The material A, material B (invention example), and material C (comparative example) to-be-forged material 1 were gripped by a manipulator to be inserted into a preheating furnace heated to 980 ° C. Lubricant delamination occurred.
Next, the forged material was inserted into a preheating furnace, and the forged material 3 was heated to a predetermined temperature. At this time, the paper coating material coated with the material A of the present invention was burnt out. After confirming that the to-be-forged material 3 reached a predetermined temperature and trying to convey it to a hot forging machine with a manipulator, the glass lubricant on the hearth contact surface was peeled off in the material C. The material A and the material B did not cause the glass lubricant to peel off, and hot forging could be performed while the material was still covered with the glass lubricant. Note that the metal fiber coated with the material B was oxidized by heating and holding at the hot forging temperature, and was finely crushed during the hot forging, causing no trouble in the hot forging.
In this example of the present invention, the hot forging material after hot forging had no problems such as uneven thickness, and hot forging into a predetermined shape could be performed. Since the peeling of the lubricant was observed, there was a concern that the peeling portion of the lubricant and the mold might be seized, and there was a concern that the mold life would be shortened when hot forging was performed a plurality of times.
From the above results, by applying the hot forging method of the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent the lubricant coated on the material to be forged from being peeled off. The deterioration of hot workability of the material can be prevented, and problems such as prevention of seizure to the mold can be reliably prevented.
１ 被鍛造材素材
２ 潤滑剤
３ 被鍛造材
４ 被覆材
1 Material to be forged 2 Lubricant 3 Material to be forged 4 Cover material
Claims (8)
前記潤滑剤被覆工程により潤滑剤が被覆された被鍛造材素材の少なくとも一部に、更に、繊維状の被覆材で被覆して被鍛造材とする被鍛造材製造工程と、
前記被鍛造材を熱間鍛造温度まで加熱して加熱材とする加熱工程と、
前記加熱材を用いて熱間鍛造する熱間鍛造工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする熱間鍛造方法。 A lubricant coating process for coating the material to be forged with a lubricant;
A forging material manufacturing step in which at least a part of the forging material material coated with the lubricant by the lubricant coating step is further coated with a fibrous coating material to be a forging material;
A heating step of heating the forging material to a hot forging temperature to form a heating material;
A hot forging step of hot forging using the heating material;
A hot forging method comprising:
The hot forging method according to claim 1, wherein the material to be forged is a Ti alloy or a Ni-base superalloy.
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| WO2023037667A1 (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-16 | 株式会社プロテリアル | Method for producing hot-forged member |
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