JP2014209010A - Vibration reducing/attenuating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attenuating device constituted by combining a structure in which limitation is applied within a fixed movable range to realize a structure free from elastic support, so that it can be applied to any load with respect to horizontal oscillatory input such as earthquake wave and microvibration.SOLUTION: A vibration reducing/attenuating device is constituted by combining a horizontal sliding mechanism and an attenuating/cushioning damper mechanism 20 properly limiting displacement of the sliding mechanism, a sliding structure 1 is mounted between a base-isolated structure and a base substrate structure, and the base substrate structure is provided with a cylindrical body 9 surrounding the horizontal circumference of the sliding structure. An attenuating/cushioning damper surrounding the circumference of the sliding structure, and preferably including an elastomer inside of a polymer-based tube, is disposed between an inner face of the cylindrical body and the sliding structure.

Description

The present invention mainly relates to a damping device that removes horizontal micro-vibration, and provides a new concept vibration reducing / damping device that is not available in the prior art.

In order to reduce the horizontal excitation force that acts on structures such as buildings due to earthquakes, etc., the structure should be supported by a vibration isolation device in which elastic bodies (rubber) and hard plates are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. (Patent Document 1).
This seismic isolation device contains not only a rubber body, which is an elastic body, but also lead etc. in order to suppress vibrations caused by shaking, and the vibration of earthquakes is reduced by the combined action of these members. There is also a technology that makes it difficult to transmit earthquake shaking to the structure side.

However, this type of seismic isolation technology requires a wide range of motion in the horizontal direction due to the shear deformation of the elastic body, which results in a relatively large seismic isolation device for the seismically isolated structure. There was a drawback. In other words, there is no optimal vibration isolation device that can be applied to equipment and machinery that are seismically isolated / isolated.

Many machines and equipment were damaged by the Great Hanshin Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the need to protect these machines and equipment from the earthquake that is expected in the future is extremely increasing. Furthermore, the need for eliminating horizontal vibration due to the behavior and attitude of precision equipment, transportation equipment, construction machinery, etc. that have optical systems is also rising, and seismic waves, mechanical vibrations, fine vibrations, etc. with constant displacement Economical, effective, and easy-to-use seismic isolation / isolation devices that have both horizontal vibration reduction and damping / buffer functions are required in a wide range of fields.

JP 2001-140977 A

The present invention is intended to remedy the above drawbacks, and uses an elastic support so that it can be applied to any load against horizontal vibration inputs such as seismic waves, mechanical vibrations, and micro vibrations. In particular, it is intended to provide a seismic isolation device that combines a structure that is limited within a certain range of movement by combining dampers that have damping and buffering functions for horizontal movement. It is.

The basic configuration of the vibration reduction / attenuation device of the present invention is such that the horizontal sliding mechanism and its displacement are appropriately adjusted to the seismic isolation / isolation structure (hereinafter referred to as the seismic isolation structure unless there is a problem). It is characterized by a combination of a damping / buffer damper mechanism for limiting.

  As a specific configuration, the following configuration is adopted. That is, a sliding structure mounted between the base-isolated structure and the base structure, a cylinder mounted on the base structure and surrounding the periphery of the sliding structure in the horizontal direction, and the sliding structure in the cylinder The present invention relates to a vibration reduction / attenuation device characterized in that a damping / buffer damper is provided that surrounds the body and can be freely displaced in a two-dimensional plane in the horizontal direction. The damping / buffer damper is preferably a polymer tube containing elastomer (filled), but if the horizontal displacement does not have to be large, the damping / buffer used is As the damper, a polymer elastomer having a high internal loss may be used.

  The effect brought about by the above configuration is that the structure is isolated or isolated by the action of the sliding structure until there is a displacement in the horizontal direction, while it is displaced within a certain movable range by the action of the damping / buffer damper. This is a structure related to the limit. For this reason, according to the device of the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration reduction / attenuation device having an optimum size for the seismic isolation structure.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a basic form of a vibration reducing / damping device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AOA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AOB of the vibration reduction / damping device showing the specific example of FIG. FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a damping / buffer damper in which a gel-like elastomer is included in a tube. FIG. 4 (2) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a damping / buffer damper in which a gel-like elastomer is contained in a tube. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the characteristics of the vibration reducing / damping device of the present invention. FIG. 6A is an enlarged sectional view of a damping / buffer damper using butyl rubber. FIG. 6 (2) is an enlarged sectional view of a damping / buffer damper using butyl rubber.

The vibration reduction / damping device of the present invention is a combination of a horizontal sliding mechanism and a damping / buffer damper mechanism for appropriately limiting the displacement, and more specifically, between the seismic isolation structure and the base structure. A sliding structure is attached to the base structure, and a cylindrical body surrounding the sliding structure in the horizontal direction is disposed in the base structure, and the sliding structure is preferably surrounded between the inner surface of the cylindrical body and the sliding structure. Relates to a vibration reducing / damping device characterized in that a damping / buffer damper containing an elastomer is disposed in a polymer tube.

As an example of a sliding structure, engineering plastics with low friction and good slidability can be used as they are. is there. Typical examples of the engineering plastic used here include polyacetal (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PIFE), polyester, and urethane.

Although the damping / buffer damper contacts the side surface of the sliding structure, it does not necessarily have a structure that contacts the vertical surface, but a structure that contacts with an inclined surface, bulges outward, or in some cases dents inside. It is possible to adopt.

On the other hand, the inner surface of the cylindrical body can take various shapes similarly to the side surface of the sliding structure.
The surface in contact with these damping / buffer dampers is, for example, a vertical surface in the left-right direction, but forms a slightly bulging surface in the front-rear direction, and can be modified for anisotropy. .

  As a preferred example of constituting the damping / buffer damper, the polymer tube has flexibility, and specifically includes a silicone tube. The elastomer encapsulated (filled) in the polymer tube is preferably a gel elastomer having an Asuka C hardness of 30 degrees or less, a penetration of 70 to 280, and a consistency of 50 to 120. Specific examples include urethane, acrylic, styrene, and olefin elastomers.

In addition, when it is not necessary to increase the horizontal displacement such as mechanical vibration and micro vibration other than the seismic wave, the damping / buffer damper surrounding the sliding structure has an internal loss of about 30-50 with a Sure A hardness. High-polymer elastomers may be used, and examples thereof include butyl-based, NR / SBR-based polymer materials, urethane-based, polyethylene-based foamed materials, and the like.

  The above damping / buffer damper has a so-called donut shape that surrounds the sliding structure, but the cross-section does not necessarily have to be circular, depending on its required performance, from the beginning as an ellipse, rectangle, semicircle The cross-sectional shape can be partially changed.

The damping / buffer damper configured in this way can be freely displaced in a two-dimensional plane in the horizontal direction. The resistance is reduced to a certain extent against a horizontal load (horizontal displacement), and a certain horizontal As the displacement approaches, the “deflection-load curve” gradually rises and the horizontal displacement is limited. As a result, a structure that incorporates a damping / buffer damper mechanism that appropriately limits the displacement without relying on the elastic force of rubber as in the conventional seismic isolation device in which the horizontal displacement becomes relatively large is obtained.

Needless to say, the vibration reduction / attenuation device of the present invention can also realize a three-dimensional vibration reduction device by combining a vibration isolation structure in the vertical direction.

  1 is a plan view of the basic form of the vibration reduction / damping device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AOA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a mounting base and base structure for mounting the seismic isolation structure. It is sectional drawing in the AOB line which added the channel for attaching to a thing.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical sliding structure. In this example, an engineering plastic plate 3 or 4 having a low sliding friction and a good sliding property is bonded to the metal core 2. And the axis | shaft (bolt) 5 for attaching the seismic isolation structure which is not illustrated in the center is mounted | worn. In this example, a washer 6 is fitted to the shaft 5, and a mounting base 7 to which the seismic isolation structure is attached is fitted to the shaft 5 and fixed by a nut 8. In this example, a side surface that contacts a damping / buffer damper, which will be described later, is formed vertically.

A metal cup-shaped cylinder 9 surrounding the periphery of the sliding structure 1 in the horizontal direction is arranged, and the cylinder 9 is sealed with a metal bottom plate 10. As a result, the sliding structure 1 slides on the surface of the bottom plate 10 in the horizontal direction. Reference numeral 11 denotes a reinforcing plate provided in the cup-shaped cylinder 9, and in this example, the engineering plastic plates 3 and 4 are in contact with the bottom plate 10 and the reinforcing plate 11 and slide in the horizontal direction. . In this example, the AOA has a dimension of 128 mm, the AOB has a dimension of 155 mm, the sliding structure 1 has a horizontal diameter of 50 mm, the cylindrical body 9 has a diameter of 80 mm, and the side surfaces are formed vertically.

Therefore, in this example, a gap of 12 to 13 mm is formed between the vertical surface of the sliding structure 1 and the vertical surface of the cylindrical body 9. A damping / buffer damper 20 is disposed in the horizontal gap between the inner surface of the cylindrical body 9 and the sliding structure 1 so as to surround the periphery of the sliding structure 1. In this example, the damping / buffer damper 20 is formed in a flexible polymer tube 21 such as silicone as shown in FIG. 4 and has an Asuka C hardness of 30 degrees or less, a penetration of 70 to 280, and a consistency. 50 to 120 gel-like elastomer 22 is included.

The vibration reduction / damping device is attached to a channel 12 for attachment to a base structure as shown in FIG. 3, and this example is attached with a bolt 14 and a nut 15 via a spring material 13. is there. The spring material 13 is also expected to play a role of a vibration isolation structure in the vertical direction by being mounted via the spring material 13. By adopting such a structure, not only the horizontal direction but also three-dimensional vibration reduction is achieved. It is expected to be effective as a device.

  4 is a cross-sectional view of the damping / buffer damper 20 in particular, FIG. 4 (1) shows a state where no load is applied in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 4 (2) shows a state where the load is applied in the horizontal direction. It is sectional drawing of a state. The former is in a state in which it can be displaced in the horizontal direction by the amount by which the damping / buffer damper 20 can be displaced. 4 (1) is an enlarged sectional view in a stationary state where no load is applied in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 4 (2) is an enlarged sectional view in a displaced state. Thus, in the displacement state of the damper 20, the damper 20 contacts the inner surface of the cylindrical body 9 in the displacement direction, and the elastomer 22 contained in the tube 21 is greatly deformed to bring about a damping force.

That is, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5, the resistance is reduced to a certain range with respect to the load in the horizontal direction (horizontal displacement), and the horizontal displacement is limited as it approaches a certain horizontal displacement, in other words, the allowable displacement. It is a thing. This is because the effect of the encapsulated special gel elastomer 22 causes a displacement for a while without generating a resistance force at the beginning when the horizontal displacement is given, and the tube 21 starts to be pressed against the inner surface of the cylindrical body 9. In this example, the horizontal displacement is designed to be suppressed to 13 mm at about 8000 N.

  The horizontal displacement of the vibration reduction device and its displacement characteristics are brought about by the damping / buffer damper 20 being deformed while being sandwiched between the sliding structure 1 and the cylindrical body 9, but facing each other. It differs depending on the shape of the surface. In the illustrated example, the sliding structure 1 and the cylindrical body 9 are parallel to each other (vertical surface). It is possible to change the characteristics. Furthermore, it is possible to change the characteristics even if one of the shapes is an elliptical shape or the like. Of course, it is also effective to make the cross-sectional shape of the tube 21 constituting the damping / buffer damper 20 other than circular.

In FIG. 5, the arrow a line indicates the characteristics when the load is increased, and the arrow b line indicates the characteristics when the load is decreased. The damping / buffer damper 20 used in the present invention is shown in FIG. This loop is drawn because a material having a high internal loss is used, and it can be said that the present invention utilizes this characteristic to a high degree and is incorporated in a vibration reduction device.

When a linear material typified by natural rubber is used, the horizontal displacement / deflection characteristics change to a substantially linear state. However, the vibration reducing device of the present invention does not apply a load until a certain horizontal displacement. However, it is completely different in that it has a function to increase the resistance abruptly from around the desired horizontal displacement to prevent the displacement.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which a butyl rubber 23 is used as the damping / buffer damper 20, and an annular damping / buffer damper 20 surrounding the sliding structure 1 is used. FIG. 6A is an enlarged sectional view in a stationary state where no load is applied in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged sectional view in a displaced state. Such butyl rubber has the same effect as the damping / buffer damper using the special gel elastomer described above, and is mainly used for vibration isolation of various machines.

The present invention is as described above, and is a field for protecting various industrial machines / equipment, office equipment, home appliances, fine arts, precision equipment, transport equipment, etc. from earthquakes or large horizontal vibrations of machines / equipment, semiconductor exposure apparatus It can be applied to the field of horizontal vibration suppression with an optical system such as a microscope and electron microscope, and also to the field of vibration suppression in the horizontal direction such as fine arts, precision instruments, and fresh fish. Become.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sliding structure 2 Metal core 3, 4 Engineering plastic plate 5 with small friction and good slidability Axis 6 Washer 7 Mounting base 8 Nut 9 Tube 10 Bottom plate 11 Reinforcement plate 12 Channel 13 Spring material 14 Bolt 15 Nut 20 Damping Buffer damper 21 Flexible polymer tube 22 Gel elastomer 23 Butyl rubber

Claims (13)

A vibration reduction / damping device characterized by combining a horizontal sliding mechanism and a damping / buffer damper mechanism that appropriately limits the displacement of the seismic isolation / vibration isolation structure. A sliding structure mounted between the base-isolated structure and the base structure, a cylinder mounted on the base structure and surrounding the horizontal periphery of the sliding structure, and the sliding structure 2. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 1, further comprising a damping / damping damper surrounding the structure and capable of being freely displaced in a two-dimensional plane in the horizontal direction. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 2, wherein the sliding structure is an engineering plastic having a small friction surface and good sliding properties. 4. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 2, wherein the sliding structure is itself an engineering plastic. The vibration reduction / damping device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sliding structure is a structure in which a metal is used as a core and engineering plastics with low friction and good slidability are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces thereof. 6. The vibration reduction / damping device according to claim 3, wherein the engineering plastic is polyacetal (POM), polytetrafluoroethylene (PIFE), polyester, or urethane. 3. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 2, wherein the damping / buffer damper is a polymer elastomer having a high internal loss. 8. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 7, wherein the vibration reducing / damping device is a polymer elastomer having a Sure A hardness of 30 to 50 degrees and a high internal loss. 9. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 8, wherein the polymer elastomer having a high internal loss is a foam material such as a butyl polymer material, a urethane material, or a polyethylene material. 3. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 2, wherein the damping / buffer damper includes an elastomer contained in a polymer tube. 11. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 10, wherein the polymer tube is a silicone tube. The vibration reducing / damping device according to claim 11, wherein the elastomer contained in the polymer tube has an Asuka C hardness of 30 degrees or less, a penetration of 70 to 280, and a consistency of 50 to 120. 13. The vibration reduction / damping device according to claim 12, wherein the elastomer contained in the polymer tube is a urethane-based, acrylic-based, styrene-based, or olefin-based gel elastomer.