JP2014198289A - Treatment method and treatment apparatus of organic effluent - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment apparatus of organic effluent Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014198289A JP2014198289A JP2013074167A JP2013074167A JP2014198289A JP 2014198289 A JP2014198289 A JP 2014198289A JP 2013074167 A JP2013074167 A JP 2013074167A JP 2013074167 A JP2013074167 A JP 2013074167A JP 2014198289 A JP2014198289 A JP 2014198289A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/26—Further operations combined with membrane separation processes
- B01D2311/2642—Aggregation, sedimentation, flocculation, precipitation or coagulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/346—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from semiconductor processing, e.g. waste water from polishing of wafers
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- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、有機性排水を生物処理する方法及び装置に関するものであり、特に、有機性排水を生物処理した後、さらに逆浸透膜分離による高度処理を行って高水質の処理水を回収する方法及び装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for biologically treating organic wastewater, and in particular, a method for recovering high-quality treated water by performing advanced treatment by reverse osmosis membrane separation after biologically treating organic wastewater. And an apparatus.
近年、水資源のリサイクルが重要視されるようになり、排水を処理して回収することが積極的に行われるようになってきている。特に、限外濾過（ＵＦ）膜や逆浸透（ＲＯ）膜に代表される微細な孔径を持つ膜分離装置は高分子量の有機物質をも除去することができ、高度な処理水質が得られるために、広く使用されてきている。一方、これらの膜分離装置は、膜の孔径が小さいために、流入する有機物質濃度が上昇すると、膜面に有機物質が蓄積し易く、濾過抵抗の上昇が著しくなって、通水が困難になる。このような場合には、膜分離装置の前段に生物処理装置を設置して、膜分離処理に先立ち、排水中の有機物質濃度を低減することが、安定処理には効果的である。 In recent years, recycling of water resources has been regarded as important, and wastewater has been treated and collected actively. In particular, membrane separators with fine pore sizes, such as ultrafiltration (UF) membranes and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, can remove high molecular weight organic substances and provide high quality treated water. Have been widely used. On the other hand, since these membrane separators have a small pore size, if the inflowing organic substance concentration increases, the organic substance tends to accumulate on the membrane surface, and the filtration resistance increases remarkably, making it difficult to pass water. Become. In such a case, it is effective for the stable treatment to install a biological treatment device in front of the membrane separation device and reduce the concentration of organic substances in the waste water prior to the membrane separation treatment.
従来、ＲＯ膜分離の前段で生物処理を行うものとして、特許文献１には、有機性排水を、嫌気性生物処理、好気性生物処理、凝集処理及び浮上又は沈降分離、ＲＯ膜分離で順次処理する方法が提案されている。
この方法では、ＲＯ膜を汚染する生物代謝産物の生成が少ない嫌気性生物処理を好気性生物処理の前処理に適用することにより、ＲＯ膜汚染が少なくなり、長期に渡り安定した処理を継続することができるようになる。
Conventionally, as a biological treatment prior to RO membrane separation, Patent Document 1 discloses that organic wastewater is sequentially treated by anaerobic biological treatment, aerobic biological treatment, flocculation treatment, flotation or sedimentation separation, and RO membrane separation. A method has been proposed.
In this method, by applying anaerobic biological treatment that generates less biological metabolites that contaminate the RO membrane to pretreatment of the aerobic biological treatment, RO membrane contamination is reduced and stable treatment is continued for a long period of time. Will be able to.
特許文献１の方法では、次のような不具合があった。
即ち、嫌気性生物処理の過程で生成するアルカリ度が好気性生物処理を経た後も残留し、このアルカリ度により凝集剤が消費されるため、凝集、固液分離に必要となる凝集剤添加量が増大する。その結果、プロセスで発生する汚泥量が増加するとともに、ＲＯ膜の塩類負荷が増加し、透過水量が低下してしまう。
The method of Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
That is, the alkalinity generated during the anaerobic biological treatment remains even after the aerobic biological treatment, and the flocculant is consumed by this alkalinity, so the amount of flocculant added necessary for flocculation and solid-liquid separation Will increase. As a result, the amount of sludge generated in the process increases, the salt load on the RO membrane increases, and the amount of permeated water decreases.
本発明は、上記特許文献１の方法の問題点を解決し、嫌気性生物処理で生成したアルカリ度を好気性生物処理で確実に除去し、凝集、固液分離に必要な凝集剤使用量を低減すると共に、その後のＲＯ膜の塩類負荷を低減することができる有機性排水の処理方法及び処理装置を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention solves the problems of the method of Patent Document 1 above, reliably removes the alkalinity generated by anaerobic biological treatment, and reduces the amount of flocculant used for flocculation and solid-liquid separation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic wastewater treatment method and a treatment apparatus that can reduce the subsequent salt load on the RO membrane.
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく検討を重ねた結果、好気性生物処理において担体を用いると共に、ｐＨ条件を制御して一過式で処理を行うことにより、嫌気性生物処理で生成したアルカリ度を好気性生物処理で確実に除去し得ることを見出した。 As a result of repeated studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have used an aerobic biological treatment and controlled the pH condition to perform the treatment in a transient manner. It has been found that the alkalinity produced can be reliably removed by aerobic biological treatment.
本発明はこのような知見に基いて達成されたものであり、以下を要旨とする。 The present invention has been achieved on the basis of such findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
［１］ 有機性排水を嫌気的に生物処理する嫌気性生物処理工程と、該嫌気性生物処理工程から流出する嫌気性生物処理水を好気的に生物処理する好気性生物処理工程と、該好気性生物処理工程から流出する好気性生物処理水に凝集剤を添加して凝集させた後固液分離する固液分離工程と、該固液分離工程で分離された分離水を処理する逆浸透膜分離工程とを有する有機性排水の処理方法において、該好気性生物処理工程が、ｐＨ５．５〜６．５の条件下に、担体に付着した好気性微生物により一過式で処理する工程であることを特徴とする有機性排水の処理方法。 [1] An anaerobic biological treatment process for anaerobically biologically treating organic wastewater; an aerobic biological treatment process for aerobically biologically treating anaerobic biological treated water flowing out of the anaerobic biological treatment process; A solid-liquid separation step in which a flocculant is added to the aerobic biological treatment water flowing out from the aerobic biological treatment step for aggregation and then solid-liquid separation, and reverse osmosis for treating the separated water separated in the solid-liquid separation step In the method for treating organic wastewater having a membrane separation step, the aerobic biological treatment step is a step of treating the aerobic biological treatment in a transient manner with aerobic microorganisms attached to the carrier under the condition of pH 5.5 to 6.5. An organic wastewater treatment method, characterized by
［２］ 有機性排水を嫌気的に生物処理する嫌気性生物処理手段と、該嫌気性生物処理手段から流出する嫌気性生物処理水を好気的に生物処理する好気性生物処理手段と、該好気性生物処理手段から流出する好気性生物処理水に凝集剤を添加する凝集剤添加手段と、該凝集剤が添加された水を固液分離する固液分離手段と、該固液分離手段で分離された分離水を処理する逆浸透膜分離手段とを有する有機性排水の処理装置において、該好気性生物処理手段は、ｐＨ５．５〜６．５の条件下に、担体に付着した好気性微生物により一過式で処理する手段であることを特徴とする有機性排水の処理装置。 [2] Anaerobic biological treatment means for anaerobically biologically treating organic wastewater, anaerobic biological treatment means for aerobically biologically treating anaerobic biological treated water flowing out from the anaerobic biological treatment means, A flocculant addition means for adding a flocculant to aerobic biological treatment water flowing out from the aerobic biological treatment means, a solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of the water added with the flocculant, and the solid-liquid separation means An organic wastewater treatment apparatus having a reverse osmosis membrane separation means for treating separated water, wherein the aerobic biological treatment means is attached to a carrier under conditions of pH 5.5 to 6.5. An organic wastewater treatment apparatus, characterized by being a means for transient treatment with microorganisms.
本発明によれば、嫌気性生物処理で生成したアルカリ度を、酸性条件で曝気を行う好気性生物処理で確実に除去することができるため、後段の凝集、固液分離に必要な凝集剤添加量を低減することができ、その結果、発生汚泥量の低減、ＲＯ膜の塩類負荷の低減を図ることができ、効率的な処理を行える。 According to the present invention, the alkalinity generated in the anaerobic biological treatment can be reliably removed by the aerobic biological treatment in which aeration is performed under acidic conditions, so that a flocculant addition necessary for subsequent aggregation and solid-liquid separation is added. As a result, the amount of generated sludge can be reduced and the salt load on the RO membrane can be reduced, so that efficient treatment can be performed.
以下に本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明は、図１に示すように、有機性排水を原水として、嫌気性生物処理槽１で嫌気性生物処理した後、好気性生物処理槽２で好気性生物処理し、好気性生物処理水に凝集剤を添加して凝集槽３で凝集処理した後、凝集処理水を固液分離槽３で固液分離し、分離水をＲＯ膜分離装置５でＲＯ膜分離処理する有機性排水の処理において、好気性生物処理槽２に担体を設け、担体に付着した好気性微生物によりｐＨ５．５〜６．５の条件下に一過式で生物処理するものである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention uses an organic wastewater as raw water, anaerobic biological treatment in an anaerobic biological treatment tank 1, and then aerobic biological treatment in an aerobic biological treatment tank 2. After the coagulant is added to the coagulation tank 3 and coagulated in the coagulation tank 3, the coagulated water is solid-liquid separated in the solid / liquid separation tank 3, and the separated water is treated with the RO membrane separator 5. The aerobic biological treatment tank 2 is provided with a carrier, and is subjected to a biological treatment in a transient manner under the condition of pH 5.5 to 6.5 by an aerobic microorganism attached to the carrier.
［有機性排水］
本発明において、処理対象となる有機性排水は、通常生物処理される有機物含有排水であれば良く、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、電子産業排水、化学工場排水、食品工場排水などが挙げられる。例えば、電子部品製造プロセスでは、現像工程、剥離工程、エッチング工程、洗浄工程などから各種の有機物含有排水が多量に発生し、しかも排水を回収して純水レベルに浄化して再使用することが望まれているので、これらの排水は本発明の処理対象排水として適している。
[Organic wastewater]
In the present invention, the organic wastewater to be treated is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic matter-containing wastewater that is usually biologically treated. Examples thereof include electronic industrial wastewater, chemical factory wastewater, and food factory wastewater. Can be mentioned. For example, in the electronic component manufacturing process, a large amount of various organic substance-containing wastewater is generated from the development process, peeling process, etching process, cleaning process, etc., and the wastewater can be recovered and purified to a pure water level for reuse. As desired, these wastewaters are suitable as the wastewater to be treated of the present invention.
このような有機性排水としては例えば、イソプロピルアルコール、エチルアルコールなどを含有する有機性排水、モノエタノールアミン（ＭＥＡ）、テトラメチルアンモニウムハイドロオキサイド（ＴＭＡＨ）などの有機態窒素、アンモニア態窒素を含有する有機性排水、ジメチルスルホキシド（ＤＭＳＯ）などの有機硫黄化合物を含有する有機性排水が挙げられる。 Examples of such organic wastewater include organic wastewater containing isopropyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and the like, organic nitrogen such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and ammonia nitrogen. Organic waste water and organic waste water containing organic sulfur compounds such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can be mentioned.
［嫌気性生物処理］
原水を嫌気的に生物処理するための嫌気性生物処理手段としては、有機物の分解効率に優れるものであれば良く、既知の嫌気性生物処理方式の生物反応槽が使用できる。
[Anaerobic biological treatment]
Any anaerobic biological treatment means for anaerobically biologically treating raw water may be used as long as it is excellent in organic substance decomposition efficiency, and a biological reaction tank of a known anaerobic biological treatment method can be used.
嫌気性生物処理手段は、酸生成反応とメタン生成反応とを同一槽で行う１相式でも、各反応を別の槽で行う２相式でも良い。各反応槽は浮遊方式（撹拌方式）、汚泥床方式（スラッジブランケット方式）など任意の方式でよく、また、担体添加型、造粒汚泥型であってもよい。 The anaerobic biological treatment means may be a one-phase system in which the acid generation reaction and the methane generation reaction are performed in the same tank, or a two-phase system in which each reaction is performed in separate tanks. Each reaction vessel may be of any method such as a floating method (stirring method) or a sludge bed method (sludge blanket method), or may be a carrier addition type or a granulated sludge type.
嫌気性生物処理手段としては特に限定されないが、酸生成槽とＵＡＳＢ（上向流式嫌気性スラッジブランケット）方式の反応槽とを備えるものが、高負荷運転が可能であることから好ましい。 Although it does not specifically limit as an anaerobic biological treatment means, The thing provided with an acid production tank and a UASB (upward flow type anaerobic sludge blanket) type reaction tank is preferable because a high-load operation is possible.
［好気性生物処理］
本発明において、好気性生物処理は、活性汚泥を担体に付着させて保持する生物膜方式により一過式で処理を行う。なお、好気性生物処理の一過式処理は、汚泥の沈降分離や返送、引抜きによる濃度管理が不要で、運転管理が容易である。また、後段で発生したＳＳを凝集して除去する際、生物処理で除去しきれない残存有機物も一部除去できる。
好気性生物処理の方式は、固定床式、流動床式、展開床式など任意の微生物床方式でよい。好気性状態で微生物的に有機物を分解する好気性生物処理槽としては、槽内に酸素（空気）を供給するための散気管、曝気機などの酸素ガス供給手段が設けられた曝気槽を用いることができる。
[Aerobic biological treatment]
In the present invention, the aerobic biological treatment is performed in a transient manner by a biofilm system in which activated sludge is attached to a carrier and held. In addition, the transient treatment of the aerobic biological treatment does not require concentration management by sedimentation separation, return and withdrawal of sludge, and operation management is easy. In addition, when the SS generated in the latter stage is aggregated and removed, a part of residual organic matter that cannot be removed by biological treatment can also be removed.
The aerobic biological treatment method may be any microbial bed method such as a fixed bed method, a fluidized bed method, and a developed bed method. As an aerobic biological treatment tank that microbially decomposes organic matter in an aerobic state, an aeration tank provided with oxygen gas supply means such as an air diffuser for supplying oxygen (air) into the tank and an aerator is used. be able to.
担体としては、活性炭、種々のプラスチック担体、スポンジ担体などがいずれも使用できるが、スポンジ担体であれば微生物を高濃度に維持することができることから好ましい。スポンジ素材としても特に限定されないが、エステル系ポリウレタンが好適である。担体の投入量としても特に制限はないが、通常、生物処理槽の槽容量に対する担体の見掛け容量（以下、この割合を「充填率」と称す。）で１０〜５０％程度、特に３０〜５０％程度とすることが好ましい。 As the carrier, activated carbon, various plastic carriers, sponge carriers, and the like can be used, but a sponge carrier is preferable because microorganisms can be maintained at a high concentration. The sponge material is not particularly limited, but ester polyurethane is preferable. There is no particular limitation on the amount of the carrier to be charged. Usually, the apparent capacity of the carrier with respect to the tank capacity of the biological treatment tank (hereinafter, this ratio is referred to as “filling rate”) is about 10 to 50%, particularly 30 to 50%. % Is preferable.
本発明では、好気性生物処理槽内のｐＨを５．５〜６．５に制御する。このために、好気性生物処理槽に塩酸、硫酸などの酸を添加してｐＨ制御しても良いが、原水中に窒素化合物が含まれている場合には硝化によりｐＨが低下するため、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリを添加して調整する。好気性生物処理槽内のｐＨが５．５未満では、好気性生物処理による有機物分解が不十分であり、有機物が残留するおそれがあり、６．５を超えると嫌気性生物処理で残存するアルカリ度を十分に除去し得ない。従って、好気性生物処理槽のｐＨは５．５〜６．５、好ましくは５．８〜６．３程度にｐＨ調整する。 In the present invention, the pH in the aerobic biological treatment tank is controlled to 5.5 to 6.5. For this purpose, the pH may be controlled by adding an acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to the aerobic biological treatment tank. However, when nitrogen compound is contained in the raw water, the pH is lowered by nitrification. Adjust by adding alkali such as sodium oxide or potassium hydroxide. If the pH in the aerobic biological treatment tank is less than 5.5, the organic matter decomposition by the aerobic biological treatment is insufficient, and there is a possibility that the organic matter remains, and if it exceeds 6.5, the alkali remaining in the anaerobic biological treatment The degree cannot be removed sufficiently. Therefore, the pH of the aerobic biological treatment tank is adjusted to about 5.5 to 6.5, preferably about 5.8 to 6.3.
好気性生物処理槽は１槽式でも、多槽式でもよく、また、１槽式で槽内に仕切り壁を設けてもよい。多槽式の場合は最後段の生物処理槽のｐＨが５．５〜６．５、好ましくはｐＨ５．８〜６．３となるように調整する。なお、この場合、前段側の好気性生物処理槽のｐＨは６．５〜８．０程度でよい。 The aerobic biological treatment tank may be a single tank type or a multi-tank type, and a single tank type may be provided with a partition wall in the tank. In the case of a multi-tank type, the pH of the last biological treatment tank is adjusted to 5.5 to 6.5, preferably pH 5.8 to 6.3. In this case, the pH of the aerobic biological treatment tank on the front side may be about 6.5 to 8.0.
［凝集処理］
原水を嫌気的に生物処理した後好気的に生物処理して得られる好気性生物処理水は、後段の固液分離手段で微生物体と高分子有機物質を確実に除去するために、固液分離に先立ち、凝集処理される。好気性生物処理水の凝集処理には、通常の凝集処理装置が用いられる。この凝集処理装置の凝集槽は１槽のみでも良く、２槽以上を多段に設けてもよい。
[Aggregation treatment]
The aerobic biologically treated water obtained by anaerobically biotreating raw water after anaerobic biological treatment is a solid-liquid solution that reliably removes microorganisms and macromolecular organic substances by a solid-liquid separation means at a later stage. Prior to separation, it is agglomerated. A normal flocculation apparatus is used for the flocculation treatment of the aerobic biological treatment water. The aggregation tank of this aggregation processing apparatus may be only one tank or two or more tanks may be provided in multiple stages.
凝集処理に用いる無機凝集剤としては、塩化第二鉄、ポリ硫酸鉄などの鉄系凝集剤、硫酸アルミニウム、塩化アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウム等のアルミニウム系凝集剤が例示できるが、凝集効果の面からは鉄系凝集剤が好ましい。これらの無機凝集剤は、１種を単独で用いても良く、２種以上を併用しても良い。 Examples of the inorganic flocculant used in the agglomeration treatment include iron-based flocculants such as ferric chloride and polyiron sulfate, and aluminum-based flocculants such as aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, and polyaluminum chloride. Is preferably an iron-based flocculant. These inorganic flocculants may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
凝集処理時は、必要に応じてｐＨ調整剤を添加して用いた無機凝集剤に好適なｐＨに調整する。例えば、鉄系凝集剤ではｐＨ５．５以下で反応させることが効果的であり、アルミニウム系凝集剤ではｐＨ５．０以下で反応させた後、ｐＨ６．０以上に調整すると効果的であるため、必要に応じて、塩酸、硫酸等の酸や、水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリを添加してｐＨ調整を行うことが好ましい。 During the flocculation treatment, a pH adjusting agent is added as necessary to adjust the pH to be suitable for the inorganic flocculating agent used. For example, it is effective to react at a pH of 5.5 or less with an iron-based flocculant, and it is effective to adjust the pH to 6.0 or higher after reacting at a pH of 5.0 or less with an aluminum-based flocculant. Accordingly, it is preferable to adjust the pH by adding an acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid or an alkali such as sodium hydroxide.
凝集剤の添加量は、必要な凝集効果が得られるような量であればよく、特に制限はないが、本発明によれば、嫌気性生物処理で残存するアルカリ度を好気性生物処理で高度に除去することができることから、例えば塩化第二鉄等の鉄系凝集剤であれば、ＦｅＣｌ３（３８％）の添加量として、３０〜８０ｐｐｍ（体積）程度と、従来よりも大幅に削減することができ、この結果、凝集処理水の固液分離で発生する汚泥量も大幅に低減することができる。 The amount of the flocculant added is not particularly limited as long as the necessary aggregating effect can be obtained. According to the present invention, the alkalinity remaining in the anaerobic biological treatment can be increased by the aerobic biological treatment. For example, in the case of an iron-based flocculant such as ferric chloride, the addition amount of FeCl 3 (38%) is about 30 to 80 ppm (volume), which is significantly reduced from the conventional case. As a result, the amount of sludge generated by solid-liquid separation of the coagulated treated water can also be greatly reduced.
凝集処理により、生物処理水中の溶解性有機物や懸濁物はフロック化する。この凝集フロックを成長させるために、第１凝集槽で無機凝集剤を添加して、第２凝集槽で高分子凝集剤を添加するようにしても良い。 By the coagulation treatment, soluble organic matter and suspension in the biologically treated water are flocked. In order to grow the coagulation floc, an inorganic coagulant may be added in the first coagulation tank, and a polymer coagulant may be added in the second coagulation tank.
［固液分離］
好気性生物処理水を凝集処理して得られる凝集処理水の固液分離手段としては、沈殿槽、浮上槽、遠心分離機等、特に限定されないが、生物処理水の凝集フロックは浮上分離しやすく、また沈殿槽に比べ、小さい面積の装置で良いことから、特に加圧浮上槽、とりわけ凝集加圧浮上槽がコンパクトで好ましい。また、好気性生物処理水の固液分離には浸漬膜等の膜分離手段を用いても良い。
[Solid-liquid separation]
The solid-liquid separation means of the agglomerated treated water obtained by aggregating the aerobic biologically treated water is not particularly limited, such as a sedimentation tank, a flotation tank, a centrifuge, and the like. In addition, since a device having a smaller area may be used as compared with the settling tank, a pressure levitation tank, particularly a coagulation pressure levitation tank, is compact and preferable. In addition, membrane separation means such as an immersion membrane may be used for solid-liquid separation of aerobic biologically treated water.
［ＲＯ膜分離処理］
固液分離により得られた分離水は、次いでＲＯ膜分離装置で処理することにより、分離水中に残留する溶存有機物と溶存塩類を除去する。
[RO membrane separation treatment]
The separated water obtained by the solid-liquid separation is then treated with an RO membrane separator to remove dissolved organic substances and dissolved salts remaining in the separated water.
このＲＯ膜分離装置の前段には、濾過装置を設けて、水中のＳＳを除去することが好ましい。濾過装置としては、砂、アンスラサイト等の濾材を充填した充填層型濾過装置、精密濾過（ＭＦ）膜、限外濾過（ＵＦ）膜などの膜を用いた膜濾過装置等を用いることができる。 It is preferable to provide a filtration device upstream of the RO membrane separation device to remove SS in the water. As the filtration device, a packed bed type filtration device filled with a filter medium such as sand or anthracite, a membrane filtration device using a membrane such as a microfiltration (MF) membrane, an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane, or the like can be used. .
本発明においては、嫌気性生物処理で残存するアルカリ度を好気性生物処理で高度に除去して凝集処理に必要な凝集剤量を低減することで、固液分離水中の塩類濃度が低減され、ＲＯ膜分離装置の塩類負荷が低減される結果、このＲＯ膜分離装置の透過水量を増大させることができる。 In the present invention, the alkalinity remaining in the anaerobic biological treatment is highly removed by the aerobic biological treatment to reduce the amount of the flocculant necessary for the flocculation treatment, thereby reducing the salt concentration in the solid-liquid separation water, As a result of the salt load of the RO membrane separator being reduced, the amount of permeated water of the RO membrane separator can be increased.
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。
なお、以下の実施例及び比較例において、好気性生物処理槽のｐＨ調整及び凝集処理時のｐＨ調整は、好気性生物処理槽又は凝集処理される好気性生物処理水に水酸化ナトリウム又は塩酸を添加することにより行った。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the pH adjustment of the aerobic biological treatment tank and the pH adjustment during the agglomeration treatment are performed by adding sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid to the aerobic biological treatment tank or the aerobic biological treatment water to be agglomerated. This was done by adding.
［実施例１］
下記水質の液晶工場の有機性排水を原水として、１．６Ｌ／ｄの処理水量で処理を行った。
＜原水水質＞
ｐＨ：１０
ＴＯＣ：１００ｍｇ／Ｌ
Ｔ−Ｎ：２０ｍｇ−Ｎ／Ｌ
ＰＯ４−Ｐ：０．５ｍｇ−Ｐ／Ｌ
（その他微量金属、ミネラルを栄養剤として添加）
[Example 1]
Using the organic wastewater of the following water quality liquid crystal factory as raw water, treatment was performed with a treated water amount of 1.6 L / d.
<Raw water quality>
pH: 10
TOC: 100 mg / L
TN: 20 mg-N / L
PO 4 -P: 0.5 mg-P / L
(Additional trace metals and minerals as nutrients)
原水をまず、下記仕様の嫌気性生物処理槽に上向流で通水した後、下記仕様の好気性生物処理槽に通水した。
＜嫌気性生物処理槽＞
槽容量：４Ｌ（直径１０ｃｍ×高さ５０ｃｍの円筒状）
温度：３０℃
ビール工場排水処理施設の嫌気グラニュールを種汚泥として０．８Ｌ、ポリプロピレン製円筒状担体（φ３ｍｍ×５ｍｍ）を１．６Ｌ投入し、２ヶ月馴養したもの
＜好気性生物処理槽＞
槽容量：４Ｌ
ポリウレタンスポンジ（３ｍｍ角）を４０％の充填率で添加し、ビール工場排水処理施設の活性汚泥（ＭＬＳＳ約６，０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）を種汚泥として投入して３週間馴養したもの
ｐＨ５．８〜６．０
The raw water was first passed through an anaerobic biological treatment tank with the following specifications, and then passed through an aerobic biological treatment tank with the following specifications.
<Anaerobic biological treatment tank>
Tank capacity: 4L (cylindrical shape with diameter 10cm x height 50cm)
Temperature: 30 ° C
Anaerobic granules from a beer factory wastewater treatment facility were used as seed sludge, 0.8L, polypropylene cylindrical carrier (φ3mm × 5mm) 1.6L, and acclimatized for 2 months <aerobic biological treatment tank>
Tank capacity: 4L
Polyurethane sponge (3 mm square) was added at a filling rate of 40%, and activated sludge (MLSS about 6,000 mg / L) from a brewery wastewater treatment facility was added as seed sludge, and it was acclimatized for 3 weeks. PH 5.8-6 .0
好気性生物処理槽の処理水に３８重量％塩化第二鉄（ＦｅＣｌ３）水溶液をＦｅＣｌ３（３８％）添加量として表１，２に示す量添加し、ｐＨを５．５に調整して凝集処理し、３０分静置して沈降分離した後の上澄み液について、ＭＦＦ値を調べた。また、この上澄み液を孔径０．４５μｍの濾紙で濾過した後の濾過水についてＴＯＣ濃度を測定した。
これらの結果を表１，２に示す。
The 38 wt% ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) aqueous solution was added to the treated water in the aerobic biological treatment tank as shown in Tables 1 and 2 as FeCl 3 (38%) addition amount, and the pH was adjusted to 5.5. The MFF value was investigated about the supernatant liquid after aggregating, leaving still for 30 minutes, and carrying out sedimentation separation. Further, the TOC concentration of the filtrate after the supernatant was filtered through a filter paper having a pore diameter of 0.45 μm was measured.
These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
［比較例１］
実施例１において、好気性生物処理槽のｐＨを６．８〜７．０に調整したこと以外は同様に行って、ＭＦＦ値及びＴＯＣ濃度を調べ、結果を表１，２に示した。
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, it carried out similarly except having adjusted pH of the aerobic biological treatment tank to 6.8-7.0, MFF value and TOC density | concentration were investigated, and the result was shown to Table 1,2.
［比較例２］
実施例１において、好気性生物処理槽のｐＨを４．８〜５．０に調整したこと以外は同様に行って、ＭＦＦ値及びＴＯＣ濃度を調べ、結果を表１，２に示した。
[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, it carried out similarly except having adjusted pH of the aerobic biological treatment tank to 4.8-5.0, the MFF value and the TOC density | concentration were investigated, and the result was shown to Table 1,2.
表１，２より次のことが分かる。
実施例１では、ＦｅＣｌ３３０ｍｇ／Ｌの添加で、ＭＦＦ値１．１、ＴＯＣ１．５ｍｇ／Ｌといずれも低い値になり、ＲＯ膜に供給するのに良好な水質が得られた。一方、比較例１では、ＴＯＣは実施例と大差なかったが、ＭＦＦ値はＦｅＣｌ３を７５ｍｇ／Ｌまで添加しないと１．１まで低下しなかった。これは、好気性生物処理水に残存するアルカリ度によってＦｅＣｌ３が消費され、３０ｍｇ／Ｌでは凝集が不充分になったことによると考えられる。また、比較例２では、ＦｅＣｌ３１００ｍｇ／Ｌの添加でもＴＯＣが５ｍｇ／Ｌ程度残留しており、凝集により低減されなかった。これは、好気性生物処理槽のｐＨが低く、有機物除去が不充分となり、液晶工場排水に含まれる低分子有機物が残留していることによると考えられる。
Tables 1 and 2 show the following.
In Example 1, the addition of FeCl 3 30 mg / L resulted in a low MFF value of 1.1 and a TOC of 1.5 mg / L, both of which were good for supplying to the RO membrane. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the TOC was not significantly different from that in the Example, but the MFF value was not lowered to 1.1 unless FeCl 3 was added to 75 mg / L. This is presumably because FeCl 3 was consumed by the alkalinity remaining in the aerobic biologically treated water, and aggregation was insufficient at 30 mg / L. Further, in Comparative Example 2, even when FeCl 3 100 mg / L was added, TOC remained about 5 mg / L and was not reduced by aggregation. This is presumably because the pH of the aerobic biological treatment tank is low, organic matter removal becomes insufficient, and low molecular organic substances contained in the liquid crystal factory effluent remain.
１ 嫌気性生物処理槽
２ 好気性生物処理槽
３ 凝集槽
４ 固液分離槽
５ ＲＯ膜分離装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anaerobic biological treatment tank 2 Aerobic biological treatment tank 3 Coagulation tank 4 Solid-liquid separation tank 5 RO membrane separation apparatus
Claims (2)
該好気性生物処理工程が、ｐＨ５．５〜６．５の条件下に、担体に付着した好気性微生物により一過式で処理する工程であることを特徴とする有機性排水の処理方法。 Anaerobic biological treatment process for anaerobically biologically treating organic waste water, aerobic biological treatment process for aerobically biologically treating anaerobic biological treated water flowing out from the anaerobic biological treatment process, and the aerobic organism A solid-liquid separation step of adding a flocculant to the aerobic biologically treated water flowing out from the treatment step and aggregating the solid and then separating the solid, and a reverse osmosis membrane separation step of treating the separated water separated in the solid-liquid separation step In an organic wastewater treatment method having
A method for treating organic wastewater, wherein the aerobic biological treatment step is a step of treating the aerobic organisms transiently with aerobic microorganisms attached to a carrier under conditions of pH 5.5 to 6.5.
該嫌気性生物処理手段から流出する嫌気性生物処理水を好気的に生物処理する好気性生物処理手段と、
該好気性生物処理手段から流出する好気性生物処理水に凝集剤を添加する凝集剤添加手段と、
該凝集剤が添加された水を固液分離する固液分離手段と、
該固液分離手段で分離された分離水を処理する逆浸透膜分離手段とを有する有機性排水の処理装置において、
該好気性生物処理手段は、ｐＨ５．５〜６．５の条件下に、担体に付着した好気性微生物により一過式で処理する手段であることを特徴とする有機性排水の処理装置。 Anaerobic biological treatment means for anaerobically biologically treating organic wastewater;
An aerobic biological treatment means for aerobically biologically treating the anaerobic biological treatment water flowing out of the anaerobic biological treatment means;
A flocculant addition means for adding a flocculant to the aerobic biological treatment water flowing out from the aerobic biological treatment means;
Solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of the water to which the flocculant is added;
In an apparatus for treating organic wastewater having reverse osmosis membrane separation means for treating separated water separated by the solid-liquid separation means,
The aerobic biological treatment means is an organic wastewater treatment apparatus characterized in that it is a means of transient treatment with aerobic microorganisms attached to a carrier under the condition of pH 5.5 to 6.5.
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