JP2014193158A - Feed for farmed fish and manufacturing method of the same, and producing apparatus of feed for farmed fish - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide feed for farmed fish, a manufacturing method of the feed, and a producing apparatus of feed for fishes with improved production efficiency in which growth of each individual of seedlings, fry and adult fish is accelerated, and a size of growing individual is also increased while occurrence of abnormal bone formation or disease is suppressed.SOLUTION: As feed for farmed fish, feed including a fish-derived material which belongs to the same genus as farmed fish is selected. Further, as a manufacturing method of feed for farmed fish, a method including a process of vacuum-drying all or a partial portion of fishes that belong to the same genus as the farmed fish to obtain powder of fishes is selected. Furthermore, as an apparatus for producing feed for farmed fish, an apparatus which comprises: a preparation tank 102 which can be tightly sealed and houses all or a partial portion of fishes that belong to the same genus as the farmed fish; and a vacuum pump 110 which communicates with the tank 102 at an upper portion of the tank via a vacuum pipe 108 is selected.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cultured fish feed, a method for producing the same, and an apparatus for producing a cultured fish feed, and more particularly, a cultured fish feed capable of growing a fish individual more efficiently, a method for producing the same, and a fish feed. It relates to a manufacturing apparatus.

  One of the marine resources, fish is now a valuable global resource that supports the food situation around the world. On the other hand, problems such as a decrease in the number of individuals due to overfishing have arisen, and some fish species have a limited number of catches worldwide.

  On the other hand, research and development at the production site of many cultured fish including seedling production and fry growth is thriving. In particular, in the production site of cultured fish, it is necessary to release a large number of individuals in a limited breeding space and perform efficient growth together with their safety.

  One way to increase such efficiency is the growth of seedlings, fry or adults. The production of larger individuals in a short period of time while suppressing the occurrence of malformations (abnormal bone formation) and diseases is a particularly important goal in the aquaculture field. In order to achieve such a goal, much research has been conducted on feeds and feed components to be administered to individual individuals such as seedlings, fry or adult fish.

  As a representative, for example, for tuna cultured fish containing defatted enzyme-treated fish meal as a protein source, polar lipid animal oil or vegetable oil as a lipid source, active starch as a sugar resource, and vitamin C of 200 mg / kg or more Formulated feed has been developed (Patent Document 1). In addition, when cultivating hamachi, thailand, horse mackerel, etc., plant raw materials such as okara were mixed with animal raw materials consisting of fish residue etc. instead of expensive raw food such as sardines, mackerel, ami, thailand, shrimp, etc. Tryptophan or tryptophan derivatives to prevent or suppress cannibalization of cultured aquatic fish using mixed fermented fermented koji molds (Patent Document 2) and to promote growth There is also known an aquatic animal feed containing Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228707.

  However, all of these feeds achieve a certain improvement in the production efficiency of farmed fish, but the effect is still not sufficient. In particular, no feed has been found that can promote growth that can increase the size of each individual in a shorter period of time.

JP 2008-148652 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-12283 JP-A-5-7463

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems. The object of the present invention is to accelerate the growth of each individual seedling, juvenile fish and adult fish while suppressing the occurrence of abnormal bone formation and disease. An object of the present invention is to provide a feed for cultured fish, a method for producing the same, and a fish feed production apparatus with improved production efficiency by improving the size of the individuals themselves.

  The present invention is a feed for cultured fish, and contains a feed derived from a fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish.

  In one embodiment, the fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a vacuum dried powder of the fish.

  In one embodiment, the material derived from the fish which belongs to the same genus as the said cultured fish is contained in the ratio of 5 mass%-100 mass% with respect to the whole mass.

  In one embodiment, the fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is obtained from fresh fish processing residue.

  In one embodiment, the material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a material derived from fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.

  The present invention also relates to a method for producing a feed for cultured fish, comprising a step of drying all or a part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish under vacuum or reduced pressure to obtain a fish powder. Is the way.

  In one embodiment, the water content of the fish powder in the vacuum drying step is 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass based on the mass of the fish powder.

  In one embodiment, the whole or a part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fresh fish processing residue.

  In one embodiment, the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.

  The present invention is also an apparatus for producing a feed for cultured fish, a sealable preparation tank that accommodates all or a part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish, and an upper part of the tank. And a vacuum pump communicating through a vacuum pipe.

  In one embodiment, in the vacuum pipe, a condenser and an evaporating water recovery tank are provided between the preparation tank and the vacuum pump, and a first vacuum pipe extending from the preparation tank communicates with the condenser. And a second vacuum pipe extending from the condenser communicates with the evaporating water recovery tank, and a third vacuum pipe attached to the upper part of the evaporating water recovery tank and extending from the evaporating water recovery tank is connected to the vacuum pump. By communicating and operating the vacuum pump, the evaporated water generated from the fish in the charging tank is stored in the evaporated water recovery tank via the first vacuum pipe, the condenser and the second vacuum pipe. .

  In a further embodiment, a part of the first vacuum pipe passes through the capacitor provided between the charging tank and the evaporated water recovery tank and passes through the first vacuum pipe in the capacitor. The evaporated water is liquefied by heat exchange with a cooling water pipe arranged in contact with the first vacuum pipe.

  In one embodiment, the evaporating water is produced from the fish in the charging tank at a temperature of 30 ° C to 60 ° C.

  In one embodiment, the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.

  The present invention is also a method for culturing cultured fish, the method comprising feeding the cultured fish with the above feed for cultured fish obtained from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish.

  In one embodiment, the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.

  According to the feed for cultured fish of the present invention, it is possible to accelerate the growth of seedlings, juvenile fish and adult fish, and to significantly increase the size of the growing individual itself, while suppressing abnormal bone formation and the occurrence of diseases. . Further, in the present invention, since components such as proteins of fish used as feed are not denatured and fish oil is not separated, it is more direct while maintaining sufficient nutritional value of the fish. Can be used as feed.

  Furthermore, according to the apparatus for producing aquaculture fish feed of the present invention, a relatively small-scale apparatus configuration can be obtained, and no odor is generated during production. For this reason, for example, it can be attached and installed in a fishery processing factory, and the feed for cultured fish can also be manufactured from the fresh fish processing residue produced in the said fishery processing factory, with the freshness maintained more highly. Thereby, the fresh fish processing residue can be effectively used from the fish processing factory, and the amount of industrial waste discharged from the factory can be reduced. Also, from the viewpoint of production of cultured fish feed, the amount of fish is reduced compared to fresh fish processing residue at each production site (fishery processing factory, etc.), so it is possible to reduce transportation costs, and finally feed for cultured fish The manufacturing cost of itself can be reduced.

It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the manufacturing apparatus of the feed for cultured fish of this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic diagram explaining each structure of the said manufacturing apparatus. When the flounder fry was reared using the flounder-derived feed obtained in Example 1 or the mixed feed composed of the conventional general fish meal obtained in Comparative Example 1 (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2) It is the figure which compared the daily feeding rate of the said flounder fry, (A) is a graph which compares the daily feeding rate of the 1st-20th day in the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, and (B) is a graph comparing the daily feeding rate of the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 on the 21st to 40th days. When the flounder fry was reared using the flounder-derived feed obtained in Example 1 or the mixed feed composed of the conventional general fish meal obtained in Comparative Example 1 (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2) It is the figure which compared the daily weight gain of the said flounder larva, Comprising: (A) is a graph which compares the daily weight gain of the 1st-20th day in the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, and (B) is a graph for comparing the daily weight gain rates of the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 from the 21st day to the 40th day. When the flounder fry was reared using the flounder-derived feed obtained in Example 1 or the mixed feed composed of the conventional general fish meal obtained in Comparative Example 1 (Example 2 and Comparative Example 2) It is the figure which compared the feed conversion efficiency of the said flounder fry, (A) is a graph which compares the feed conversion efficiency of the 1st-20th day in the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, and (B ) Is a graph comparing the daily weight gains of the fry of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 from the 21st day to the 40th day. The average total length of the flounder seedling between the flounder fish meal section (Example 4) fed with the flounder fish meal blended feed obtained in Example 3 and the love lava section (Comparative Example 3) fed with the commercial blended feed is 15 mm. It is a graph showing the difference of the average age until it becomes. Japanese flounder fish meal group fed with flounder fish meal blended feed obtained in Example 3 at the stage when the average length of flounder seedlings reached 15 mm (Example 4), and Lav Lava ward fed with commercial blended feed (Comparative Example 3) ) Is a graph showing the survival rate (%) by the dry tolerance test for 3 minutes, 6 minutes, and 9 minutes for each flounder seedling. A flounder fish meal group (Example 4) fed with a flounder fish meal blended feed obtained in Example 3 between 40 days and 100 days of age and a love lava section fed with a commercial blended feed (Comparative Example 3) It is a graph showing transition of the average full length of each flounder seedling. Each flounder seedling of the flounder fish meal section (Example 4) fed with the flounder fish meal blended feed obtained in Example 3 and the Lav Lava section (Comparative Example 3) fed with the commercially available blended feed at the stage of 100 days of age It is a graph showing the survival rate (%) of.

(Food for cultured fish)
First, the cultured fish feed of the present invention will be described.

  As used herein, the term “cultured fish” includes both saltwater and freshwater fish and requires artificial growth that belongs to all stages of growth from seedlings to fry and fry to adults. Says all the fish that are said to be. Farmed fish also includes any of those edible and ornamental for humans, livestock, poultry, pets.

  Such cultured fish is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fish with high market value and ornamental fish such as tropical fish. More specific examples include yellowtail, amberjack, flounder, tuna, red sea bream, tiger pufferfish, sea bream, flounder, horse mackerel, mackerel, sardines, kisses, sea bream, salmon, trout, sweetfish, carp, yamame, crucian carp Or goldfish.

  In the present invention, in order to obtain a target cultured fish feed, a material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is contained.

  Here, “fish belonging to the same genus as cultured fish” refers to fish belonging to the same genus as taxonomic to which the cultured fish belongs, that is, fish belonging to the same taxonomy, eye and genus. Say. For example, when an amberjack is selected as a cultured fish, the same material derived from a fish belonging to the genus Periwinkle, which is the same as the amberjack, is employed for the cultured fish feed of the present invention. As another example, the flounder of the flounder family is used in the culture of flounder, and the genus of the sea bream family is used in the cultivation of red sea bream.

  By actively using fish belonging to the same genus as such cultured fish, the cultured fish feed of the present invention can significantly improve the growth of the target cultured fish. In the present invention, the “fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish” is preferably a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish. For example, when cultivating amberjack, it is preferable to be a periwinkle genus Amberaceae, when cultivating a flounder, preferably a flatfish flounder flounder, and when cultivating red sea bream, It is preferable to be a family red sea bream.

  Thus, in the present invention, fish-derived materials belonging to at least the same genus as the cultured fish are fed to the cultured fish. Usually, such feeding is also called “cannibalism”, but it does not create a strange situation in nature. Rather, “cannibalism” is a current situation that can be frequently observed in nature, particularly in the early stages of fish (seedling or juvenile stage). Regardless of fish, cannibalism is particularly common in underwater ecosystems. For example, up to 90% of organisms are thought to be involved in cannibalism somewhere in the life cycle. Since “cannibalism” eats individuals composed of almost the same ingredients as themselves, it can be considered the most efficient in terms of growth from the point of view of nutrition.

  In the conventional aquaculture site, various ideas have been made to increase production efficiency. In particular, “cannibalism” has been considered to be the most actively avoided matter because it reduces the number of individual fish. In order to avoid this, it has been thought that it is important to maintain a sufficient number of cultured fish by supplying sufficient or sometimes excessive feed.

  On the other hand, if the measures against cannibalism are not taken sufficiently, the number of individuals will be reduced, but occasionally there will be a particularly high degree of growth among the cultured fish (i.e. It is known that an apparently large) individual appears. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as “Tobi”, is particularly seen in individuals who have a strong appetite and eat well.

  In the present invention, by actively increasing the chances of cannibalism through the feed, and actively taking in the same components as the body components of the cultured fish itself, this “tobi” will be increased among the individual cultured fish. That's it. On the other hand, as in the past, it is possible to avoid cannibalism between farmed fish and achieve an improvement in overall production efficiency.

  In the present invention, the fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the above-mentioned cultured fish is obtained by removing the vacuum-dried powder of the fish, water containing fish solve (soluble component) and fish oil (fish oil) in advance by heating. It may be any fish meal. From the viewpoint that components closer to the in-vivo components of the cultured fish itself are included, it is preferable to use a vacuum-dried powder of the fish as the material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish. The vacuum-dried powder is a powder that can be produced from fish, for example, by removing only predetermined moisture (evaporated water) as described later.

  Furthermore, the site | part of the fish which belongs to the same genus as the said cultured fish is not specifically limited, Either the whole site | part (for example, whole fish) or the one part site | part (for example, fillet) may be sufficient. Specifically, fresh fish processing residue which is the residue of the said cultured fish discharged | emitted from a fish processing factory is mentioned, for example. Specific examples of fresh fish processing residues include the head, sea bream (tail including tail fin), internal organs, skin, bone, body that is not particularly necessary for fish processing, and combinations thereof.

  In the feed for cultured fish of the present invention, the ratio of the material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is preferably 5% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass to 95% by mass, with respect to the total mass. It is contained in. By satisfying such a content, the aquaculture fish that has ingested the aquaculture fish feed of the present invention has an increased production efficiency and can be expected to increase further.

  The feed for cultured fish of the present invention may contain other components usually used in the aquaculture industry in general, in addition to fish-derived materials belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish. Examples of such other ingredients include all nutritional ingredients necessary for the growth of farmed fish, such as feed organisms such as rotifers, artemia, and copepods; flours such as soy flour and rice flour; Lipid content; fish-based feed such as fish meal, willow powder, and raw minced fish; Known binders; various vitamin sources; various mineral sources; various protein sources, amino acids; prebiotic components such as fructooligosaccharides, lactose, oligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, etc., but are not necessarily limited thereto. . When a plurality of feed elements are used, the constituent ratio of each element can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art within a range that does not impair the effects of the fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish.

(Method for producing feed for cultured fish)
The feed for cultured fish of this invention is manufactured as follows, for example.

  First, all or a part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is dried under vacuum or reduced pressure.

  As described above, examples of the whole or a part of the raw material used include fresh fish processing residues that are residues of the cultured fish discharged from the fish processing factory. Specific examples of fresh fish processing residues include the head, sea bream (tail including tail fin), internal organs, skin, bone, body that is not particularly necessary for fish processing, and combinations thereof.

  In drying under vacuum or reduced pressure (hereinafter referred to as drying such as vacuum), it is preferable not to apply heat to the raw materials used for fish as much as possible. This is to avoid denaturation and decomposition of proteins and the like contained in the used raw material, and to prevent component changes in the used raw material as much as possible. Examples of temperatures that can be set in the drying such as vacuum are not necessarily limited, but are, for example, 30 ° C to 60 ° C, preferably 35 ° C to 45 ° C.

  The time required for drying such as vacuum also varies depending on the amount of the raw material used for the fish and the kind of the part, and is not necessarily limited. For example, it is 2 hours to 24 hours, preferably 2 hours to 12 hours.

  The negative pressure applied to drying such as vacuum also varies depending on the amount of the raw material used for the fish and the type of the part, and is not necessarily limited, but is, for example, -97 KPa to -82 KPa, preferably -97 KPa to -92 KPa. .

  The drying such as vacuum is performed, for example, in a stage where the raw material of the fish itself is cut into a predetermined size in advance and minced as necessary. Further, while drying such as vacuum is performed, it is preferably performed with stirring so that water (evaporated water) is uniformly removed from the raw material used for the fish.

  Fish powder is produced by drying under vacuum. The water content of the fish powder obtained through drying such as vacuum is preferably 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass to 8% by mass based on the mass of the fish powder. is there. By reducing the water content to such a level, the feed for cultured fish of the present invention can be prevented from decaying and can be stored for a longer period of time.

  The obtained fish powder may be added with the above-mentioned other components as necessary, and when added, they are appropriately stirred.

  Thereafter, if necessary, molding may be performed into an arbitrary shape such as a pellet.

  In this way, the feed for cultured fish of the present invention can be produced.

(Production equipment for cultured fish feed)
Next, an apparatus for producing cultured fish feed according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a production apparatus for cultured fish feed according to the present invention, and is a schematic diagram for explaining each configuration of the production apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus 100 for producing cultured fish feed according to the present invention includes a sealable preparation tank 102 that accommodates all or part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish, and the tank. And a vacuum pump 110 communicating with each other via vacuum pipes 104, 106, and 108.

  In FIG. 1, the charging tank 102 is made of, for example, a material having excellent heat conductivity, and the upper or lower lid 124 that can be opened and closed is opened to place all or part of the fish 120 in the tank 102. Can be charged. The charging tank 102 is also provided with a stirring blade 128 inside, and the blade 128 can be rotated as necessary during the production of feed to produce more uniform feed. In addition, in the preparation, all or part of the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is put into the preparation tank 102, the vacuum pump 110 is not operated, and the upper lid 124 of the preparation tank 102 is lightly closed, While being open, low-pressure steam is flowed to the jacket 126 provided on the outer periphery of the charging tank 102 under atmospheric pressure, and the contents in the charging tank 102 are boiled and disinfected at, for example, 80 ° C. for 5 minutes or 60 ° C. for 30 minutes Thus, the contents can be sterilized.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention, a part of the first vacuum pipe 104 extending from the preparation tank 102 passes through the condenser 130 provided between the preparation tank 102 and the evaporated water recovery tank 132. pass. In the condenser 130, a cooling pipe 112 is disposed close to the first vacuum pipe 104, and the cooling pipe 112 communicates with the cooling unit 134. The capacitor 130 is connected to the evaporated water recovery tank 132 via the second vacuum pipe 106.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the evaporating water recovery tank 132 is connected to the vacuum pump 110 via the third vacuum pipe 108. The third vacuum pipe 108 is provided at a position separated from the evaporated water recovery tank 132 from the evaporated water stored in the evaporated water recovery tank 132 (for example, an upper portion of the evaporated water recovery tank 132). .

  Here, the upper lid 124 of the preparation tank 120 is closed and sealed, and the vacuum pump 100 is operated, whereby the inside of the evaporated water recovery tank 132 is brought into a vacuum state via the third vacuum pipe 108. Along with this, the second vacuum pipe 106, the first vacuum pipe 104, and the charging tank 102 are also in a vacuum state. In this state, for example, when steam is introduced into a jacket 126 provided on the outer periphery of the charging tank 102, the thermal energy of the steam is thermally transferred to the charging tank 102, and the moisture in the charging tank 102 is low. Can evaporate. Thereafter, the evaporated vapor (evaporated water) normally passes through the first vacuum pipe 104 in the form of gas (vapor), but when entering the condenser 130, heat is generated by the cooling medium circulated from the cooling unit 134 through the cooling pipe 112. It is rapidly cooled and liquefied by exchange. As a result, the liquefied evaporated water passes through the second vacuum pipe 106 and is stored in the evaporated water recovery tank 132.

  In the present invention, the cooling medium circulated through the cooling unit 134 and the cooling pipe 112 is preferably cooling water. The set temperature of the cooling water is set to be 5 ° C. or more lower than the evaporation temperature, for example, 20 ° C. to 30 ° C. The amount of cooling water varies depending on the amount of so-called evaporation. The manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention can vacuum dry all or part of the fish 120 inside the charging tank 102 while keeping the inside of the preparation tank 102 at an extremely low temperature (for example, 30 ° C. to 60 ° C.). As a result, while keeping the denaturation and decomposition of the protein constituting the whole or part of the part 120 of the fish as a material, that is, retaining all or part of the part of the part of the fish except the water as much as possible. The feed for cultured fish can be manufactured as it is.

  The apparatus for producing feed for cultured fish of the present invention can have a relatively small-scale apparatus configuration. For this reason, for example, it can be attached and installed in a fishery processing factory, and the feed for cultured fish can also be manufactured from the fresh fish processing residue produced in the said fishery processing factory, with the freshness maintained more highly.

(Culture method of cultured fish)
In the present invention, feeding is performed by appropriately spraying the cultured fish feed in the aquaculture fish tank. Feeding conditions such as feeding interval and feeding amount vary depending on the type of the cultured fish, the growth stage, etc., and thus can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art. Other aquaculture conditions (for example, water temperature, individual density) can also be appropriately set by those skilled in the art.

  The cultured fish thus obtained is observed to increase the number of cultured fish compared to the case of using a conventional feed such as a mixed feed, and cannibalism between the cultured fish in the aquarium is also avoided. The As a result, aquaculture production can be improved.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, this invention is not limited by these Examples.

(Example 1: Production of flounder fish meal feed derived from flounder (1))
In preparing the feed, in order to make the energy content of the feed the same, first, the composition of the raw materials shown in Table 1 was determined so that the crude protein content and the crude lipid content were the same. Next, various raw materials mainly composed of Japanese flounder fish meal shown in Table 1 were mixed and granulated by adding water. Then, the fish meal feed for Japanese flounder was obtained by drying at 60 degreeC for 3 hours using a ventilation dryer.

  The crude protein content of the obtained flounder fish meal feed was 49.6% by mass based on the dry mass, and the crude lipid content was 15.7% by mass based on the dry mass. The general component had a water content of about 5% by mass and the remaining amount was ash.

(Comparative Example 1: Production of fish meal feed for flounder derived from general fish meal (2))
A flatfish fish meal feed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that general fish meal was mainly used instead of flounder fish meal and the contents of the raw materials shown in Table 1 were adopted for the others.

  The crude protein content of the obtained flounder fish meal feed was 49.6% by mass, based on the dry mass, and the crude lipid content was 15.6% by mass, based on the dry mass, as in Example 1. . The general component had a water content of about 5% by mass and the remaining amount was ash.

(Example 2 and Comparative Example 2: Effect of Formula Feed on Flounder Fry (1))
Flounder flounder was prepared, and 33 fish were housed as a test group and 32 fishes as a control group at the start of familiar breeding.

  The first 10 days are set as the acclimatized breeding period, and once a day, the fry fish in the test area is fed the flounder fish meal feed produced in Example 1 with a feeding schedule of 9:30 to 10:00 am (Example 2), fry fish in the control ward was fed the flounder fish meal feed produced in Comparative Example 1 (Comparative Example 2). In each feeding, the protein content and the energy amount were adjusted to be the same in the test group and the target group. After the habituation breeding period, the number of accommodated fish in the test group and the control group was adjusted to 25 on the starting day of the experiment.

  The same feeding schedule as above was maintained after the experiment start date. At the stage of 10 days after the start of the experiment (11th day), the total length and total body weight of the fry were measured, and 10 specimens for body component analysis were collected and stored frozen.

  The regular breeding period (1st day) was started after the above familiar breeding period (11th day). First of all, the first day to the 20th day (corresponding to the 11th day to the 30th day from the start of the habituation breeding) are prepared in Example 1 or Comparative Example 1 for the test and control fry in the same feeding schedule as above. Each feed was fed. At the stage of 20 days after the start of this experiment (31st day from the start of habituation breeding), the total length and the total body weight of the fry were measured in the same manner as described above, and 10 body component analysis specimens were collected and frozen. saved.

  Further, on the 21st to 40th days (corresponding to the 31st to 50th days from the start of the habituation breeding), it was produced in Example 1 or Comparative Example 1 for the test and control larvae according to the same feeding schedule as above. Each feed was fed. At the stage of 40 days after the start of this experiment (the 51st day from the start of familiar breeding), the total length and the total body weight of the fry are measured in the same manner as described above, and 10 body component analysis specimens are collected and frozen. saved.

The daily feeding rate, the daily weight gain rate, and the feed conversion efficiency of the first day to the 20th day and the 21st day to the 40th day were calculated from the following formulas:
Daily feeding rate f = F / {t (W ₀ + W _t ) / 2}
Daily weight gain r = (W _t − W ₀ ) / {t (W ₀ + W _t ) / 2}
Feed conversion efficiency FCR = f / r
(Where F is the total food intake, W ₀ is the total weight at the start of the rearing test, t is the rearing period (days), and W _t is the total weight at the end of the rearing test) . The obtained results are shown in FIGS.

  As shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. 2, both the daily feeding rate from day 1 to day 20 and the daily feeding rate from day 21 to day 40 are the feed of Comparative Example 1. The fry (Example 2) fed the feed of Example 1 was slightly lower compared to the fry fed (Comparative Example 2), but there was no substantial difference. Recognize. Rather, this difference is considered to be a difference in palatability of Japanese flounder larvae, considering the previous adaptation.

  As shown in (A) of FIG. 3, the daily weight increase rate from the first day to the twentieth day is greatly different between the fry fed with the feed of Example 1 and the fry fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1. Was not seen. On the other hand, the daily weight increase rate from the 21st day to the 40th day is about 1.6 times that of the fry fed with the feed of Example 1 and greatly surpassing that of the fry fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1. I understand ((B) of FIG. 3). As a result, in addition to the fact that the fry fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1 showed a higher value in the feeding rate shown in FIG. It can be seen that the weight gain of fry is significantly improved by using 1 feed for a long time.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the feed conversion efficiency on the first day to the 20th day is higher in the fry fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1 than the fry fed with the feed of Example 1. Was showing. On the other hand, in the feed conversion efficiency on the 21st to 40th days, the result of the fry fed with the feed of Example 1 exceeds the result of the fry fed with the feed of Comparative Example 1 by about 2.3 times. Results were obtained ((B) of FIG. 4). This shows that the feed obtained in Example 1 exhibits extremely high feed conversion efficiency in the breeding of Japanese flounder fry.

(Example 3: Production of flounder fish meal feed derived from flounder (2))
To contrast with the commercially available mixed feed “Love Lava” (manufactured by Hayashi and Sangyo Co., Ltd.) described later, except that flounder fish meal was used instead of the fish meal used for the mixed feed by entrusting to Hayashi Kane Sangyo Co., Ltd. A flounder fish meal blended feed was obtained using the same raw material components as the commercially available blended feed "Love Lava".

(Example 4 and Comparative Example 3: Effect of Formula Feed on Flounder Fry (2))
Flounder fertilized eggs were obtained from Maru Asui Co., Ltd., and stored in ^three polyethylene black circular tanks (1 m ³ ) so that the number of hatched larvae was 20,000 each. The day of hatching was set to 0 days of age, and thereafter the ages were aged every day.

  The worm rotifer (Rotifer, L-type Obama strain) continuously cultured using desan chlorella (Daesang Corporation) as a feed is fortified with INVE's Seleo-S-Presso, which is 0 to 12 days old. Feeding flounder seedlings hatched until age. From the age of 14 days, Artemia nauplii (Artemia) fortified with S-Presso (INVE) was fed together.

  From the time when the average length of the flounder seeds in the aquarium reached 11 mm (25 days old) to 100 days of age, instead of feeding the above rotifer and artemia, one aquarium fish powder for flounder produced in Example 3 was used. The blended feed was fed (Example), and the other aquarium was fed with a commercial blended feed “Love Lava” (manufactured by Hayashi and Sangyo Co., Ltd.). Feeding of each mixed feed was performed once every hour from 7 am to 6 pm throughout the entire period.

  The difference in average age until the average length of the flounder seedlings reaches 15 mm is shown in FIG. 5 for each of the flounder fish meal group (Example 4) and the Lav Lava group (Comparative Example 3).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the average age of the flounder fish meal group (Example 4) fed with the flounder fish meal blended feed obtained in Example 3 when reaching an average total length of 15 mm is the Lav Lava District (Comparative Example 3). It is shortened compared with the average age of), and it can be seen that flounder seedlings grew in a shorter period of time.

  At the stage where the average total length of the flounder seeds was 15 mm, 20 flounder seeds were picked up from the black circular aquarium, and the stress resistance was measured. Specifically, the pickled flounder seeds were randomly scooped from the rearing tank using a goldfish net, 20 fish per group, and exposed to the air for 3 minutes, 6 minutes, or 9 minutes for each group. A dry resistance test was conducted. Then, each flatfish seedling of each group was housed in a 1 L glass beaker adjusted to the same water temperature as that of the breeding water tank using a water bath. The dead fish was removed while measuring the death time, and the number of surviving animals after 24 hours was counted. The percentage of the 20 fish used in the test for the number of surviving fish after 24 hours was calculated. The percentage was used as an index of stress tolerance.

  As shown in FIG. 6, although no significant difference was found in the resistance to drying for 3 minutes and 9 minutes between the flounder fish meal group (Example 4) and the Lav Lava group (Comparative Example 3), it was 6 minutes. As for the resistance to drying, the survival rate was higher in the flounder fish meal section (Example 4). From this, it can be seen that the flounder fish meal mixed feed produced in Example 3 improves the stress tolerance of the flounder seedlings to be fed.

  Next, each of the flounder seedlings of the flounder fish meal and the love lava ward having an average total length of 15 mm was housed in two 300 L dilite tanks installed outdoors, and the breeding was continued until the age of 100 days. Continued. Twenty flatfish seedlings were periodically taken out from 40 days to 100 days of age, the total length was measured, and the average total length was calculated. The obtained results are shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the average total length of the flounder fish meal (Example 4) exceeds the average total length of the Lav Lava (Comparative Example 3), and the flounder obtained in Example 3 at all the ages taken out. It can be seen that the fish meal blended feed has an effect of accelerating the growth of Japanese flounder seedlings than the commercially available blended feed.

  At the age of 100 days, the number of surviving flounder seedlings in the flounder fish meal area (Example 4) and the Lav Lava area (Comparative Example 3) in each dilite tank was counted, and the number of flounder seeds contained in the dilite tank was counted. The survival rate (%) relative to was calculated. The obtained result is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the survival rate (%) of Japanese flounder seedlings when reaching the age of 100 days was not found to be large between the Japanese flounder fish meal (Example 4) and the Lav Lava (Comparative Example 3). I understand that.

  According to the present invention, there is no abnormality in bone formation or occurrence of disease, the growth of seedlings, juveniles and adults can be accelerated, and the size of the growing individuals themselves can be remarkably improved. Since the feed for cultured fish of the present invention can be produced through a relatively small-scale apparatus, it can be installed and installed in a fishery processing factory, for example. However, it is also possible to produce feed for cultured fish while maintaining a high level. Thereby, the fresh fish processing residue can be effectively used from the fish processing factory, and the amount of industrial waste discharged from the factory can be reduced. In addition, from the viewpoint of production of feed for cultured fish, the amount can be reduced from the fresh fish processing residue at each production site (fishery processing factory, etc.), so that the transportation cost can be reduced, and finally for cultured fish. The production cost of the feed itself can also be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Production apparatus for cultured fish feed 102 Charging tank 104 First vacuum pipe 106 Second vacuum pipe 108 Third vacuum pipe 110 Vacuum pump 112 Cooling water pipe 124 Upper lid 126 Jacket 128 Stirring blade 130 Capacitor 132 Evaporating water recovery tank 134 Cooling unit

Claims (16)

  A feed for cultured fish, comprising a fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish.   The feed for cultured fish according to claim 1, wherein the fish-derived material belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a vacuum-dried powder of the fish.   The feed for cultured fish according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is contained at a ratio of 5% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass.   The feed for cultured fish according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is obtained from a fresh fish processing residue.   The feed for cultured fish according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material derived from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a material derived from fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.   A method for producing a feed for cultured fish, comprising a step of drying all or part of a fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish under vacuum or reduced pressure to obtain a fish powder.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the water content of the fish powder body in the vacuum drying step is 0.5 mass% to 10 mass% based on the mass of the fish powder body.   The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein all or part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fresh fish processing residue.   The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish. An apparatus for producing aquaculture fish feed,
A sealable preparation tank that accommodates all or part of fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish;
A vacuum pump communicating with the upper part of the tank via a vacuum pipe.   In the vacuum pipe, a condenser and an evaporating water recovery tank are provided between the charging tank and the vacuum pump, and a first vacuum pipe extending from the charging tank communicates with and extends from the capacitor. A second vacuum pipe communicates with the evaporative water recovery tank, and a third vacuum pipe attached to the top of the evaporative water recovery tank and extending from the evaporative water recovery tank communicates with the vacuum pump, and the vacuum The evaporated water generated from the fish in the charging tank is stored in the evaporated water recovery tank through the first vacuum pipe, the condenser, and the second vacuum pipe by operating a pump. Equipment.   A part of the first vacuum pipe passes through the condenser provided between the charging tank and the evaporated water recovery tank, and the evaporated water passing through the first vacuum pipe in the condenser is, The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the apparatus is liquefied by heat exchange with a cooling water pipe disposed in contact with the first vacuum pipe.   The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the generation of the evaporating water from the fish is performed at a temperature of 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. in the charging tank.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.   A method for culturing cultured fish, the method comprising feeding the cultured fish with the feed for cultured fish according to any one of claims 1 to 5 obtained from fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish. .   The method according to claim 15, wherein the fish belonging to the same genus as the cultured fish is a fish belonging to the same species as the cultured fish.

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