JP2014186349A - Grammage detection sensor of recording medium and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve grammage detection accuracy of a grammage detection sensor where an ultrasonic wave transmitting part transmits an ultrasonic wave to a recording medium and an ultrasonic receiving part arranged to face the ultrasonic wave transmitting part detects the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the recording medium.SOLUTION: Length of a guide attached to a grammage detection sensor used for detecting grammage of a recording medium P is set to be integer multiple of one-half wavelength of an ultrasonic wave, so that the recording medium can be stably irradiated with the ultrasonic wave. By transmitting the stable ultrasonic wave, stable calculation output can be obtained regardless of a stop posture of the recording medium and thus grammage detection accuracy of the recording medium P can be improved.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for accurately detecting the basis weight of a recording medium used in an image forming apparatus or the like.

  Some conventional image forming apparatuses such as copying machines and laser printers include a sensor for determining the type of recording medium in the image forming apparatus. A method has been proposed in which the type of recording medium is determined using a sensor, and control is performed so that a transfer condition or a fixing condition is set according to the determination result.

  As a method for determining the type of the recording medium, a method for detecting the thickness of the recording medium based on the amount of light transmitted to the recording medium has been proposed. Moreover, various methods, such as the method of irradiating an ultrasonic wave and detecting a basic weight, are proposed (patent document 1). In particular, in the method using ultrasonic waves, it is necessary to consider a reflected wave in which an ultrasonic wave transmitted from an ultrasonic transmission unit (hereinafter also referred to as a transmission unit) rebounds on a recording medium. In addition, it is necessary to consider the influence of reflected waves in which ultrasonic waves transmitted through the recording medium bounce off at an ultrasonic receiving unit (hereinafter also referred to as a receiving unit). Further, it is necessary to consider the influence of reflected waves from members around the transmission unit and the reception unit such as a conveyance roller and a conveyance guide for conveying the recording medium.

  As a method for reducing the influence of these reflected waves, Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration in which guides are arranged in each of the ultrasonic transmission unit and the ultrasonic reception unit.

JP-A-57-132055 JP 2001-351141 A

  In the configuration in which guides are arranged in the ultrasonic transmission unit and the ultrasonic reception unit as in Patent Document 2, the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission unit and the reflection reflected by the guide before the ultrasonic wave reaches the recording medium. Waves may interfere with each other. Due to such interference, the ultrasonic wave output from the transmission unit may be irradiated to the recording medium in an attenuated or unstable state. In addition, since the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium and the reflected wave reflected by the guide of the receiving unit before the ultrasonic wave reaches the receiving unit interfere with each other, the output of the ultrasonic wave received by the receiving unit is increased. The recording medium may be irradiated in an attenuated or unstable state. If the ultrasonic wave is attenuated or unstable due to such interference, the basis weight detection accuracy may be lowered.

  In addition, in the detection method using ultrasonic waves, in order to receive stable ultrasonic waves, for example, there are cases where ultrasonic waves are irradiated while the recording medium being conveyed is temporarily stopped. However, the conveyance state of the recording medium varies due to various factors such as the type, temperature condition, and humidity condition. If the recording medium is temporarily stopped in this state, for example, the recording medium is bent or tilted, so that the same stopping posture is not always obtained. Therefore, the distance between the transmission unit and the recording medium and the reception unit and the recording medium changes if the stop posture when the recording medium is temporarily stopped is biased toward the transmission unit or the reception unit. If the stop posture of the recording medium is not stable, the influence of the reflected wave between the transmission unit and the recording medium or the reflected wave between the recording medium and the reception unit may increase. As a result, the received ultrasonic waves are attenuated or unstable, and the basis weight detection accuracy may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the situation as described above, so that the recording medium can be irradiated with the ultrasonic waves to be transmitted in a stable state, and the output of the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the recording medium can be stably obtained. By doing this, it aims at improving the basic weight detection accuracy.

  In order to achieve the above object, the basis weight detection sensor of the present invention is a basis weight detection sensor for detecting the basis weight of a recording medium using ultrasonic waves, and is a transmission means for transmitting ultrasonic waves. Receiving means comprising a first vibration member having a receiving section for receiving ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission means and transmitted through the recording medium; and the receiving means transmits ultrasonic waves transmitted through the recording medium. A guide member for guiding to the receiving unit; passing through the center of the receiving unit of the first vibration member and perpendicular to the receiving unit from the surface of the receiving unit to the distal end surface of the guide member The length to the plane including the surface is characterized in that it is approximately n times as long as the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmitting means (n is an integer of 1 or more).

  According to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to stably obtain an ultrasonic output by making it possible to stably irradiate a recording medium with an ultrasonic wave, thereby improving the basis weight detection accuracy. It becomes possible.

1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the specific structure of a basic weight detection sensor The figure which shows the structure of the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the control part of the basic weight detection sensor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows an example of the waveform used with the basic weight detection sensor which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the change of the basic weight of the recording medium P by the presence or absence of the guide member of the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P, and the length of a guide member, and the calculation output. A diagram showing the graph plotted in FIG. 6 as a line graph The figure which shows the change of the relationship of the stop attitude | position of the recording medium P, and a calculation output by the length of the guide member used with the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P Figure showing which range of calculation output can uniquely identify the grammage under certain conditions Diagram showing the relationship between the ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave from the guide when the guide length is one wavelength Diagram showing the relationship between the ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave from the guide when the guide length is 3/4 wavelength The figure which shows the change of the calculation output when the distance between guides used with the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P is fixed, and the position of a recording medium is changed. The figure which shows the structure of the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the stop attitude | position of the recording medium P, and a calculation output when the guide member and conveyance guide used with the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P are united. The figure which shows the relationship between the stop attitude | position of the recording medium P, and a calculation output when changing the distance 42 from the ultrasonic receiving part 40 to the front end surface of a guide. The figure which shows the structure of the basic weight detection sensor of the recording medium P which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the stop attitude | position of the recording medium P, and a calculation output when the guide length is fixed to 1/2 wavelength and the distance 44 between guides is changed. The figure which shows the relationship between the stop attitude | position of the recording medium P, and a calculation output when the guide length is fixed to 1 wavelength and the distance 44 between guides is changed. The figure which showed the path | route of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission part 30, and the path | route of the reflected wave reflected by each member when the distance 44 between guides is set to 3/4 wavelength. The figure which showed the waveform of each path | route of FIG. The figure which showed the path | route of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission part 30, and the reflected wave path | route reflected by each member when the distance 44 between guides was made into 1 wavelength. The figure which showed the waveform of each path | route of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the scope of claims, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an image forming apparatus that employs an intermediate transfer member and includes a plurality of image forming units arranged in parallel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  An image forming apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 includes a paper feed cassette 2 and a paper feed tray 3 that store a recording medium P, and a paper feed roller that picks up and feeds the recording medium P from the paper feed cassette 2 or the paper feed tray 3 to a transport path. 4 and a paper feed roller 4 '. The photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K for yellow, magenta, cyan, and black are provided. Charging rollers 12Y, 12M, 12C, and 12K are provided as primary charging means for the respective colors for uniformly charging the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K to a predetermined potential. Optical units 13Y, 13M, 13C for each color for forming electrostatic latent images by irradiating the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, 11K charged by the primary charging means with laser light corresponding to each color image data. It has 13K. Developing units (also referred to as cartridges) 14Y, 14M, 14C, and 14K for visualizing the electrostatic latent images formed on the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are provided. Developing rollers 15Y, 15M, 15C and 15K are provided for sending the developer in the developing units 14Y, 14M, 14C and 14K to the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C and 11K. An intermediate transfer belt 17 on which images formed on the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are primarily transferred, and primary transfer rollers 16Y, 16M, 16C, and 16K for the respective colors are provided. The transfer roller 18 that drives the intermediate transfer belt 17, the secondary transfer roller 19 for transferring the image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 17 to the recording medium P, and the recording medium P are transferred to the recording medium P while being conveyed. A fixing unit 20 for fusing and fixing the developer image.

  Next, the operation of the image forming apparatus 1 will be described. First, when an image signal to be printed is input to the image forming apparatus 1, the recording medium P is picked up from the paper feed cassette 2 or the paper feed tray 3 by the paper feed roller 4 or the paper feed roller 4 ′ and sent out to the conveyance path. . In order to synchronize with the image forming operation formed on the intermediate transfer belt 17, the recording medium P is temporarily stopped by the conveying roller 5 and the conveying counter roller 6 and stands by. At this time, as described above in the problem, the distance between the recording medium P and the transmission unit 30 or the distance between the recording medium P and the reception unit 40 may vary. Thereafter, in synchronization with the image forming operation, the recording medium P is conveyed, and the developer image formed on the intermediate transfer belt 17 is transferred to the recording medium P. The developer image transferred to the recording medium P is fixed by a fixing unit 20 such as a fixing roller, and the recording medium P on which the developer image is fixed is discharged to a discharge tray (not shown) by a discharge roller 21 to form an image. End the operation.

  Next, the image forming method formed on the intermediate transfer belt 17 will be described in a little more detail. When an image signal to be printed is input to the image forming apparatus 1, the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are charged to a constant potential by the charging rollers 12Y, 12M, 12C, and 12K. In accordance with the received image signal, the optical units 13Y, 13M, 13C, and 13K expose and scan the surfaces of the charged photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K with a laser beam to form a latent image. In order to visualize the electrostatic latent image, development is performed by the developing devices 14Y, 14M, 14C, and 14K and the developing rollers 15Y, 15M, 15C, and 15K. The electrostatic latent images formed on the surfaces of the photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are developed as single color developer images by the developing units 14Y, 14M, 14C, and 14K. These photosensitive drums 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are in contact with the intermediate transfer belt 17, and rotate in synchronization with the rotation of the intermediate transfer belt 17. The developed single color developer image is sequentially transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 17 by the primary transfer rollers 16Y, 16M, 16C, and 16K, and becomes a multicolor developer image. The multicolor developer image is transferred onto the recording medium P.

  In the image forming apparatus 1 of FIG. 1, the basis weight detection sensor of the recording medium P includes a transmission unit 30 and a reception unit 40 so as to sandwich a conveyance path for conveying the recording medium P in front of the conveyance roller 5 and the conveyance counter roller 6. Has been placed. The basis weight of the recording medium P is detected in a state where the recording medium P is temporarily stopped before the transport roller 5 and the transport counter roller 6. The basis weight here is the mass per unit area of the recording medium, and represents the mass per square meter in (g / m 2).

  The image forming apparatus 1 controls image forming conditions in image formation according to the output result obtained by the basis weight detection sensor. The image forming conditions referred to here are, for example, changing the conveyance speed of the recording medium P, changing the voltage applied to the secondary transfer roller 19 at the time of transfer, or changing the voltage at the time of fixing depending on the paper type of the recording medium P Or change the temperature. Here, the processing as described above is listed as an example of the image forming conditions, but the processing is not limited to this, and any processing may be used as long as it can be controlled using the output result of the basis weight detection sensor.

  In FIG. 2, the structure of the transmission part 30 or the receiving part 40 of a basic weight detection sensor is shown. Reference numeral 50 denotes a vibrating member that transmits or receives ultrasonic waves. When the vibration member 50 vibrates, ultrasonic waves can be transmitted or received. Reference numeral 51 denotes a guide opening size. Reference numeral 52 denotes a distance from the surface of the vibration member 50 to the guide front end surface 55. An equalizer 53 is a member for amplifying ultrasonic waves transmitted or received by the vibration member 50. Even if the equalizer 53 is not provided, it is possible to transmit or receive ultrasonic waves if the vibrating member 50 is provided. In the present embodiment, as an example, an equalizer 53 is provided to amplify and transmit ultrasonic waves. Reference numeral 54 denotes a cylindrical guide surrounding the sensor, and reference numeral 55 denotes a guide tip surface. Here, a plane including the guide tip surface 55, that is, an opening of the guide member is defined as a virtual plane. Reference numeral 56 denotes a support member that supports the vibration member 50, and reference numeral 57 denotes a member that becomes a base portion of the sensor. The vibrating member 50 vibrates while being supported by the support member 56 and generates ultrasonic waves. The vibrating member 50 vibrates while being supported by the support member 56 and generates ultrasonic waves. A line 58 that passes through the center of the vibration member 50 and is perpendicular to the vibration member 50 is a virtual line that does not actually exist in the vibration member 50, and the distance from the surface of the vibration member 50 to the distal end surface 55 of the guide. This is a standard for uniquely determining 52.

  In the present embodiment, the vibration member 50 serving as the transmission unit 30 or the reception unit 40 is installed so as to be horizontal with the guide tip surface 55. A distance 52 from the surface of the vibration member 50 to the guide tip surface 55 is defined as a guide length. This distance 52 is defined as the same distance as the distance on the central axis, virtually setting the central axis in the vertical direction from the center of the circular vibration member 50. In the present embodiment, the central axis and the guide member are horizontal, and the distance on the central axis is defined as the guide length. However, the relationship between the central axis and the guide is not necessarily horizontal as long as the basis weight of the recording medium P can be uniquely detected from the calculation output as described later. Further, the guides 54 may not all have the same length as long as the basis weight of the recording medium P can be uniquely detected from the calculation output.

  As shown in FIG. 2, by surrounding the vibration member 50 with the guide 54, directivity can be given to the ultrasonic wave, and the influence of the reflected wave from the peripheral member can be reduced by the guide 54. At this time, as a preferred example in the present embodiment, the guide 54 is disposed so that the base portion 57 of the vibration member 50 and the inner surface of the guide 54 are in contact with each other. However, if the basis weight of the recording medium P can be uniquely detected from the calculation output, the substrate portion 57 of the vibration member 50 and the inner surface of the guide may be arranged so as not to contact each other. The transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 can be configured by the same member using the vibration member 50. For example, the transmitting unit 30 can irradiate ultrasonic waves by vibrating the vibrating member 50 with a piezoelectric element (not shown). In addition, when the irradiated ultrasonic wave reaches the vibration member 50, the receiving unit 40 can vibrate and receive the ultrasonic wave.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the guide 54 is configured using a resin, and can prevent an ultrasonic wave reflected from members around the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40. In the present embodiment, the guide is configured using resin, but the guide may be configured using other materials such as metal as long as the same effects as those of the present embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the basis weight detection sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The configuration of the basis weight detection sensor that detects the basis weight of the recording medium P includes a transmission unit 30 that irradiates the recording medium P with ultrasonic waves and a reception unit 40 that receives the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmission unit 30. Yes. The transmitting unit 30 and the receiving unit 40 shown here are configured using the ultrasonic sensor described in FIG. Further, a guide member 31 (hereinafter referred to as a transmission-side guide member 31) that guides the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmission unit 30 in the direction of the reception unit 40 facing each other is provided. Furthermore, a guide member 41 (hereinafter referred to as a receiving-side guide member 41) that guides the ultrasonic waves that have passed through the recording medium P in the direction of the receiving unit 40 and prevents interference of reflected waves of ultrasonic waves from peripheral members and the like. I have. Further, a transport roller 5 and a transport counter roller 6 that transport the recording medium P, a transport path 60, and a transport guide 61 are provided. The conveyance path 60 includes a conveyance guide 61. The distance from the vibration member 50 of the transmission unit 30 to the guide tip surface is the guide length 32 of the transmission unit, and the distance from the vibration member 50 of the reception unit 40 to the guide tip surface is the guide length 42 of the reception unit. The guide length 32 and the guide length 42 are the same length as the distance 52 from the surface of the vibration member 50 to the guide tip surface 55 in FIG.

  Next, a control method for detecting the basis weight in the image forming apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. FIG. 5 shows the basis weight detection based on (a) the drive signal for vibrating the piezoelectric element, (b) the typical received waveform of the ultrasonic wave, and (c) the received waveform. The waveform of the calculation output for each is shown as an example.

  The basis weight detection sensors are respectively arranged at predetermined positions across the conveyance path 60 and detect the basis weight of the recording medium P conveyed in the conveyance path 60. The ultrasonic transmission unit (transmission unit) 30 and the ultrasonic reception unit (reception unit) 40 shown here are the same as those shown in FIG.

  The basis weight detection method will be specifically described. First, an ultrasonic transmission signal 73 is sent from the CPU 10 to the transmission control unit 70. The transmission control unit 70 includes a drive signal generation unit 71 and an amplifier 72. The ultrasonic transmission signal 73 includes information on timing and frequency for driving the transmission unit 30. A drive signal generation unit 71 in the transmission control unit 70 generates and outputs a drive signal 74 having a specified frequency (for example, 40 kHz) based on the ultrasonic transmission signal 73. The drive signal 74 is shown in FIG. The drive signal 74 is 40 kHz. The piezoelectric element is driven by the drive signal 74 and the vibration member 50 is vibrated to generate ultrasonic waves. The amplifier 72 amplifies the signal level of the drive signal 74 and outputs the amplified drive signal 75 to the transmission unit 30. With this drive signal 75, the transmission unit 30 outputs a 40 kHz ultrasonic wave.

  The receiving unit 40 receives the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium P from the transmitting unit 30 and outputs an ultrasonic reception signal 83 to the calculation unit 80. The received signal 83 is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the reception signal 83 increases the output of the ultrasonic wave as time passes. It can be seen that the output value of the reception signal 83 increases with time. Although the output value of the ultrasonic wave increases with the passage of time, the possibility of being affected by a reflected wave or the like increases with the passage of time. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to receive an ultrasonic wave as soon as possible and obtain an output value sufficient for basis weight detection, the basis weight is detected using a timing value at which a certain output value is obtained. Is going. The timing is time T0 in FIG. The time T0 will be described in detail later. Although not shown, the received waveform becomes stable and shows a constant output when a predetermined time or more elapses.

  The arithmetic unit 80 includes an amplifier 81, a smoothing circuit 82, and a rectifier circuit (not shown). The arithmetic unit 80 amplifies the received signal 83 received by the amplifier 81. The amplified signal 84 is rectified by a rectifier circuit and then integrated by a smoothing circuit 82 to generate an arithmetic output 85. The calculation output 85 is shown in FIG. The calculation output 85 increases in proportion to the output of the reception signal 83. When the output of the calculation output 85 is sufficiently obtained, the calculation output result obtained by the CPU 10 is output, and the basis weight of the recording medium P is determined using the calculation output result. As with the received signal 83, the received waveform becomes stable and shows a constant output after a certain time.

  The CPU 10 starts sampling the waveform after a predetermined time from the timing when the drive signal 75 is output to the transmission unit 30 in the waveform of FIG. After a certain period of time is the time T0 when the calculation output 85 exceeds a preset threshold value of the calculation output 85. The threshold value of the calculation output 85 here can be arbitrarily determined, and may be set to a value lower than the calculation output result of the basis weight. For example, in this embodiment, if the guide length is 1 wavelength and the threshold is 0.5 V, the basis weight corresponding to the calculation output of 0.5 V or more can be determined (see FIG. 6). If it is said conditions of this embodiment, it is possible to discriminate the basic weight of 60-220 g / m <2> of basic weight. In this embodiment, the time T0 is 150 μs. Since this value varies depending on the threshold value of the calculation output described above, it is not limited to 150 μs.

  After the time T0, the maximum value during the half cycle of the input frequency is obtained (circle portion of the waveform in FIG. 5c). The basis weight is estimated from the value of this calculation output. 4 and 5 are examples when the configuration and control of the basis weight detection sensor are realized, and the present invention is not limited to this configuration.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows the experimental results of measuring the calculation output of the calculation unit 80 when the paper type (basis weight) of the recording medium P is changed when the guide is used and when the guide is not used. The guide length used is ¼ wavelength, ½ wavelength, ¾ wavelength, and 1 wavelength with respect to the wavelength of the transmitted ultrasonic wave. The horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 6 is the basis weight of the recording medium P, and the vertical axis is the output of the calculation unit 80. In this embodiment, the frequency for driving the transmission unit 30 is 40 kHz. In this embodiment, the frequency is set to 40 kHz, but the frequency is not limited to 40 kHz. For example, when the size or the like of the vibration member 50 or other members of the sensor described in FIG. 2 is changed, the frequency may be changed and set according to the changed configuration.

  FIG. 7 connects the points plotted in the graph of FIG. 6 and shows the relationship between the calculation output and the basis weight at each guide length. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show the same experimental results with only different display methods. From the experimental results of FIG. 6, the case where the guide is used (guide length 1 wavelength) and the case where the guide is not used (guide length 0 wavelength) will be compared. For example, when comparing the calculation output when the basis weight is 105 g / m 2, it is about 2.1 V when the guide length is 1 wavelength and about 1.0 V when the guide length is 0 wavelength. From this result, it can be seen that the calculation output is increased about twice. Also, compare the difference in output value between the basis weights. For example, the difference in calculation output when the basis weight is 105 g / m 2 and the basis weight is 120 g / m 2 is compared. When the guide length is one wavelength, the calculation output when the basis weight is 105 g / m 2 is about 2.1 V, and the calculation output when the basis weight is 120 g / m 2 is about 1.8 V and about 0.3 V. . On the other hand, when the guide length is 0 wavelength (no guide is used), the calculation output when the basis weight is 105 g / m 2 is about 1.0 V, and the calculation output when the basis weight is 120 g / m 2 is about 0.9 V, which is about 0. The output difference is only about 1V. In this way, the output difference of the calculation output between each basis weight is large by using the guide, and even when measuring paper with a large basis weight, when using the guide, the change in output value for each basis weight The amount becomes larger and it becomes easier to specify the basis weight. On the other hand, when the guide is not used, since the amount of change in the output value decreases as the basis weight increases, it is difficult to specify the basis weight. Therefore, the basis weight detection accuracy of the recording medium can be improved by arranging the guide member.

  Thus, it is possible to increase the output by providing the guide. However, when the image forming apparatus 1 performs the operation of detecting the basis weight of the recording medium, the stopping posture of the recording medium P is not always constant due to a change in conditions such as paper quality, temperature, and humidity, and there is some variation. Will occur. As described above, when the stopping posture of the recording medium P varies, the distance between the transmission unit 30 and the recording medium P and between the recording medium P and the receiving unit 40 changes, and thus the output becomes unstable.

  The relationship between the recording medium P and the guide is shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows that the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are changed under the condition that the positions of the guide tip surfaces of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 are fixed, and the stop posture of the recording medium P is changed. This is the result of the experiment. The guide lengths 32 and 42 are defined based on the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, and 0 wavelength (no guide), 1/4 wavelength, 1/2 wavelength, 3 / Four wavelengths and one wavelength were used. The calculation output of the calculation unit 80 was measured using a paper type (basis weight) of the recording medium P of 75 g / m2. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 8 indicates the position of the recording medium P with respect to the transmission unit 30 or the reception unit 40, and the vertical axis indicates the calculation output of the calculation unit 80. The frequency for driving the transmission unit 30 is 40 kHz as in the above experiment. In addition, a state in which the stop posture of the recording medium P was changed by shifting the distances between the recording medium P, the transmission unit 30, and the reception unit 40, and the calculation output was measured in each state. Specifically, the center of the guide tip surface of each of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 is set as a reference position (error 0 mm) of the stop posture of the recording medium, and the time when the position of the recording medium P is shifted to the reception side is added. I have to. When the guide is not used, it can be seen from the experimental results of FIG. 8 that the influence of the variation of the recording medium P is extremely small, and the calculation output of the receiving unit 40 is stably detected. However, the calculation output obtained without using the guide becomes small.

  On the other hand, when the guide is used, it can be seen that the calculated output value increases as the guide length 32 and the guide length 42 are increased. Although the calculation output value becomes large, for example, when the guide length is 3/4 wavelength, there is a large fluctuation in the calculation output, and the fluctuation is about 0.4 V at the maximum. If this is applied to the experimental results of FIG. 7 to determine the basis weight, the range from the basis weight of 75 g / m2 to the basis weight of 105 g / m2 is a candidate for the determination result, and the basis weight is determined to be 75 g / m2. It becomes difficult. However, when the guide length is 1/2 wavelength and 1 wavelength, the fluctuation of the calculation output is stable within 0.2 V, and can be determined as basis weight 75 g / m 2.

  From this experimental result, it is possible to increase the calculation output when the guide is used than when the guide is not used, but it can be confirmed that the output becomes unstable depending on the guide length and the position of the recording medium P. In particular, when the guide lengths 32 and 42 are ½ wavelength or 1 wavelength, it can be seen that the calculation output is stable even if the position of the recording medium P varies. Therefore, the output of the ultrasonic wave is stable by setting the guide length to 1/2 times the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, such as 1/2 wavelength or 1 wavelength (n is an integer of 1 or more, hereinafter expressed as an integer multiple). Therefore, the basis weight detection accuracy can be improved.

  In addition, conditions, such as temperature and humidity for irradiating an ultrasonic wave, are not always constant, but change to some extent. In the present embodiment, the experiment is performed under conditions of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a frequency of 40 kHz. However, in a situation where the basis weight detection is actually performed in the image forming apparatus, it is set by changing various conditions such as temperature and humidity. The guide length may not be the optimum length. That is, ideally, the guide length is optimally an integral multiple of 1/2 of the ultrasonic wavelength. However, since the environmental conditions in which the image forming apparatus is used are not always constant, the speed of the ultrasonic wave changes due to changes in the environmental conditions, and the wavelength changes. For example, if the length of the ultrasonic wave fluctuates even if the length is set to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the ultrasonic wavelength under certain conditions, the set guide length is an integral multiple of 1/2 of the ultrasonic wavelength. It may be out of length. Therefore, in a temperature of 23 ° C. and a frequency of 40 kHz, the experimental results are shown in FIG. 9 in which the guide length is changed little by little from an integral multiple of ½ of the wavelength and the range of the basis weight can be correctly detected. Show. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing experimental results when the guide length 42 on the receiving side is varied from 11 mm to 6.5 mm as an example of basis weight detection. Among the recording media plotted in FIG. 6 above, a paper type having a basis weight of 105 g / m 2 is a recording medium having a first basis weight, and a paper type having a basis weight of 120 g / m 2 is a recording medium having a second basis weight. The basis weight was detected by varying the guide length.

  Here, a method for obtaining a theoretically optimum guide length will be described first. The wavelength of an ultrasonic wave is calculated | required from the sound speed and frequency of an ultrasonic wave. Assuming that the speed of sound of ultrasonic waves is v, the frequency is f, and the wavelength is λ, a relationship of v = fλ is established between them. Further, the sound speed of the ultrasonic wave depends on the temperature of the medium. The medium used here is air, and the relationship of v = 331.5 + 0.61t is established between the sound speed in the air and the temperature t of the air.

When this is applied to the conditions under which the experiment of the present embodiment was performed, the frequency is 40 kHz and the temperature is 23 ° C., so that the optimum guide length can be obtained from this.
v = 331.5 + (0.61 × 23) = 345.53 (m / s)
λ = v / f = 345.53 / 40 = 8.663825 (mm)
Therefore, the optimum length can be obtained with a guide length of ½ × 8.68325 × n (n is an integer of 1 or more). However, as described above, v and λ in this relational expression change due to changes in environmental conditions such as temperature, so the guide length set under a certain condition deviates from an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. May end up. Under the conditions of this embodiment, 8.5 mm is set as an approximate value as the guide length closest to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the ultrasonic wavelength. 9 is obtained by changing the guide length from 6.5 mm to 11 mm around the 8.5 mm.

  In FIG. 9, whether the basis weight of 105 g / m 2 and the basis weight of 120 g / m 2 can be determined when the guide length is changed from 8.5 mm by 0.5 mm is described. First, the case where the guide length is 8.5 mm will be described. When a recording medium having a basis weight of 105 g / m 2 is detected, the calculation output falls between 1.98 V and 2.03 V, and when a recording medium having a basis weight of 120 g / m 2 is detected, 1.79 V to 1.85 V The calculation output is within the interval. From this, it can be seen that the calculation output ranges of the two basis weights to be distinguished do not overlap, and the basis weight can be uniquely determined according to the calculation output. At this time, for example, an average value of the minimum value 1.98V of the calculation output when the basis weight is determined to be 105 g / m2 and the maximum value 1.85V of the calculation output when the basis weight is 120 g / m2. Take it to 1.915V. Similarly, it is possible to obtain a threshold value between each basis weight not shown, and to determine the basis weight depending on which threshold the calculation output belongs to.

  As described above, in order to obtain the threshold value, it is a condition that the ranges of the calculation outputs of the two basis weights to be compared do not overlap. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that the guide length satisfying such conditions is between 7.5 mm and 9.5 mm. That is, it can be seen that, under the conditions of the present embodiment in which the temperature is 23 ° C. and the frequency is 40 kHz, the basis weight can be uniquely detected when the guide length is from 8.5 mm to ± 1 mm. . Therefore, it can be seen that the guide length is preferably set to n times the half of the ultrasonic wavelength (n is an integer of 1 or more). However, this is only an example in the present embodiment, and the appropriate guide length range changes, for example, when the environmental conditions change or the accuracy conditions for obtaining the basis weight set in advance change.

  Next, the reason why a stable output result can be obtained by setting the guide length to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the ultrasonic wavelength will be described with reference to FIGS. The reason why the obtained calculation output is stable is that the vibration of the ultrasonic wave propagating in the guide member and the vibration of the air in the guide member having the opening end shape resonate. When the ultrasonic wave generated from the transmitter 30 and the vibration of the air in the guide member resonate, the interference of the sound wave in the guide becomes extremely small. When the guide length changes, the frequency of the reflected wave changes, and when the guide length is an integral multiple of 1/2 the ultrasonic wavelength, a reflected wave that resonates with the vibration of the air in the guide is generated. To do.

  First, the case where the guide length is one wavelength (about 8.5 mm) with a frequency of 40 kHz will be described. FIG. 10 shows that the frequency of the reflected wave caused by the vibration of the guide member is 40 kHz. In FIG. 10A, the waveform of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit 30 is shown by a solid line, and the waveform of a reflected wave reflected from the guide member is shown by a dotted line. FIG. 10B shows the waveform of the combined wave of the ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave. Since the phase of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmitter 30 and the reflected wave from the guide are the same, it can be seen that the synthesized sound wave is amplified and stable.

  Next, the case where the guide length is 3/4 wavelength (about 6.3 mm) with a frequency of 40 kHz will be described. FIG. 11 shows that the frequency of the reflected wave caused by the vibration of the guide member is 53 kHz. In FIG. 11A, the waveform of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission unit 30 is shown by the solid line, and the waveform of the reflected wave reflected from the guide member is shown by the dotted line. FIG. 11B shows a waveform of a sound wave obtained by synthesizing the previous ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave. Since the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmitter 30 is 40 kHz and the reflected wave reflected from the guide is 53 kHz, the two waves are out of phase. Therefore, it can be seen that the output of the synthesized sound wave waveform of FIG. 11B is not stable because interference between the ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave has occurred.

  Thus, by setting the guide length to an integral multiple of ½ of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the phase of the ultrasonic wave and the reflected wave from the guide coincide with each other, and a stable output ultrasonic wave can be obtained.

  From the above results, it is possible to stabilize the output of the ultrasonic wave by setting the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 for reception to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transmission unit 30. Therefore, the basis weight detection accuracy can be improved. Note that the basis length detection accuracy can be improved if the guide length is a length within a predetermined range from an integral multiple of 1/2 the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, which is an ideal length. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the length within the predetermined range is accurate if the guide length is set so as to be within the predetermined range so that the calculation results of the recording media having different basis weights do not overlap. The basis weight can be specified.

  In the present embodiment, the detection operation of the basis weight detection sensor of the recording medium P is performed in a state where the recording medium P is stopped. However, the recording medium P is not limited to the stopped state, and the recording medium P is conveyed. It is also possible to detect inside. When detection is performed during conveyance, it is expected that the variation in the conveyance state of the recording medium P will increase. For example, it is possible to maintain detection accuracy by, for example, performing multiple detections or decreasing the conveyance speed. It is.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the guide member is disposed in the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 has been described. However, the guide member is disposed only in the reception unit 40 without arranging the guide member in the transmission unit 30. Also good. If at least the guide member is arranged in the receiving unit 40, the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium P can be guided to the receiving unit 40 in a stable state.

(Second Embodiment)
Since the configuration of the second embodiment can be implemented by the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 described in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted here. In the present embodiment, the experiment is performed with the temperature set to 23 ° C., and the guide length 32 on the transmission side is an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transmission unit 30. Similarly, the guide length 42 on the reception side is an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transmission unit 30.

  FIG. 4 shows the experimental results of detecting the calculation output when the distance between the guide tip surfaces of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 is fixed to 5 mm and the stop posture of the recording medium P is changed under the above conditions. 12 shows. Since the detection conditions are the same as the configuration of FIG. 8 described in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted here. When the output result of FIG. 12 is seen, when the position of the recording medium P is within ± 2 mm from the reference position that is the center between the guide tip surfaces of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40, the output of the output due to the stop posture of the recording medium P is shown. It can be seen that the fluctuation is small. That is, if the stop posture of the recording medium P can be transported within ± 80% from the reference position that is the center between the guide tip surfaces of the transmitter 30 and the receiver 40, the influence of the stop posture of the recording medium P is small. A stable calculation output can be obtained.

  From the above results, the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are set to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the transmission unit 30. Further, the recording medium P is conveyed within ± 80% from the center between the guide tip surfaces of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40. Then, since a stable calculation output can be obtained, the basis weight detection accuracy can be improved.

  For example, the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 are arranged in the straight line portion of the conveyance path of the image forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 because the straight line portion conveys the recording medium more than the curved portion of the conveyance path. This is because it is difficult to be affected by variations in time and variations in stop posture. That is, the straight portion is more likely to be within ± 80% from the center between the guide tip surfaces of the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 and the stable calculation output is obtained compared to the curve portion. be able to.

(Third embodiment)
The configuration of the third embodiment is shown in FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The third embodiment includes a transmission unit 30 that irradiates the recording medium P with ultrasonic waves and a reception unit 40 that receives the ultrasonic waves emitted from the transmission unit 30. Furthermore, a conveyance path 60 for conveying the recording medium P and a conveyance guide 61 are provided. Further, a transmission side guide member 31 that is in close contact with the conveyance guide 61 and a reception side guide member 41 that is in close contact with the conveyance guide 61 are provided. Further, a transport roller 5 and a transport counter roller 6 that transport the recording medium P are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the opening dimensions 33 and 43 that are the widths of the opening portions of the transmission side guide member 31 and the reception side guide member 41 are the widths of the opening portions through which the ultrasonic waves of the conveyance guide 61 that conveys the recording medium P pass. It is made equal to a certain opening size 62, 63. Further, the leading ends of the guide members 31 and 41 are in close contact with the conveyance guide 61. Thereby, the transmission side guide member 31, the reception side guide member 41, and the conveyance guide 61 are connected. As described with reference to FIG. 2, the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are the lengths from the vibration member 50 to the guide tip surface 55, and the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission unit 30. The length is an integral multiple of 1/2.

  In FIG. 14, the transmission-side guide length 32 and the reception-side guide length 42 are fixed to a half wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the transmission-side guide member 31 and the reception-side guide member 41 are brought into close contact with the transport guide 61, and the recording medium The experimental result which detected the calculation output when changing the stop attitude | position of P is shown. The transmission-side guide member 31 and the reception-side guide member 41 are in close contact with the conveyance guide 61 that conveys the recording medium P, and the opening dimensions 33 and 43 that are the width of the opening are the width of the opening of the conveyance guide 61. It is equal to a certain opening size 62, 63. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence of the reflected wave from the surrounding members on the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit 30 to the reception unit 40. Therefore, a stable calculation output with little influence of reflected waves from the surrounding members can be obtained, and the basis weight detection accuracy can be improved.

(Fourth embodiment)
Since the configuration of the fourth embodiment can be implemented with the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 described in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted here for the same configuration. The difference from the first embodiment is that the guide length 32 on the transmission side is variable and the guide length 42 on the reception side is fixed to one wavelength of the transmitted ultrasonic wave.

  FIG. 15 shows an experimental result of detecting a change in calculation output under such conditions. Since the detection conditions are the same as those in the configuration of FIG. 8, a description thereof is omitted here. From the experimental results of FIG. 15, when the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are set to the same one wavelength, the influence of the reflected wave due to the stop posture of the recording medium P is small and the calculation output is most stable. I understand that. Even when the guide length 32 on the transmission side is set to a length that is an integral multiple of ½ of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the influence of the reflected wave due to the stop posture of the recording medium P is small, and the calculation output is stable. I understand that. On the other hand, when the guide length 32 on the transmission side is set to a value other than an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the calculation output varies due to the influence of the reflected wave due to the stop posture of the recording medium P and is not stable. I understand.

  From this result, if the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are set to an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the lengths of the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are obtained. Even if they are different, stable calculation output can be obtained, and the basis weight detection accuracy can be improved.

  In this embodiment, the transmission-side guide length 32 is changed to various lengths, and the reception-side guide length 42 is fixed to detect the calculation output. However, the transmission-side guide length 32 is fixed, The calculation output may be detected by changing the guide length 42 on the receiving side to various lengths. Further, the calculation output may be detected by changing both the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side.

  In addition, the effect in this embodiment can be acquired by making both the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side an integral multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. Further, in the present embodiment, the experiment was performed under the condition that both the transmission unit 30 and the reception unit 40 have a guide. However, the transmission unit 30 does not necessarily have a guide, and only the reception unit 40 has a guide. However, it is possible to obtain the effects of the present embodiment.

(Fifth embodiment)
The configuration of the fifth embodiment is shown in FIG. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are fixed to ½ wavelength or one wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show the experimental results of detecting the calculation output by changing the distance between the guide front end surface of the transmission side and the guide front end surface of the reception side as the inter-guide distance 44. Since the detection conditions are the same as those in the configuration of FIG. 8, a description thereof is omitted here.

  In FIG. 17, the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are fixed to ½ wavelength, the distance 44 between the guides is changed to a plurality of conditions, and the recording medium P at each distance 44 between the guides is changed. The experimental result which detected the calculation output when changing a stop posture is shown. The condition of the guide distance 44 is ¼ wavelength, ½ wavelength, ¾ wavelength, and 1 wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. When the inter-guide distance 44 is 1/2 wavelength and 1 wavelength, the change in the calculation output is not large and stable, but when the inter-guide distance 44 is 1/4 wavelength and 3/4 wavelength, It can be seen that a stable calculation output is obtained with little influence of the reflected wave due to the stop posture of the recording medium P.

  In FIG. 18, the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are fixed to one wavelength, the guide distance 44 is changed to a plurality of conditions, and the recording medium P is stopped at each guide distance 44 in each condition. The experimental result which detected the calculation output when changing is shown is shown. The condition of the guide distance 44 is ¼ wavelength, ½ wavelength, ¾ wavelength, and 1 wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. Similarly to the case where the guide length 32 on the transmission side and the guide length 42 on the reception side are fixed to ½ wavelength as described above, when the inter-guide distance 44 is ¼ wavelength and ¾ wavelength, the recording medium P It can be seen that the influence of the reflected wave due to the stop posture is small and the calculation output is stable. That is, it is possible to obtain the distance between guides 44 = λ / 4 × m (m is an odd number of 1 or more).

  Next, the reason why a stable output result can be obtained by setting the inter-guide distance 44 to m times a quarter wavelength (hereinafter referred to as an odd multiple) is shown in FIGS. 19, 20, 21, and 22. I will explain.

  FIGS. 19A and 19B show the propagation paths of the ultrasonic wave generated from the transmitter 30 and the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave reflected by the recording medium P. FIG. Paths 91 and 101 are paths of ultrasonic waves directly propagating from the transmission unit 30 to the recording medium P. Paths 92 and 102 reflect the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission unit 30 by the recording medium P and are transmitted again by the transmission unit 30. This is an ultrasonic path that propagates to the recording medium P after being reflected. Paths 93 and 103 are paths of ultrasonic waves that propagate from the transmission unit 30 to the recording medium P, pass through the recording medium P, are reflected by the receiving unit 40, and then propagate again to the recording medium P. When the guide length is ½ wavelength and the inter-guide distance 44 is 3/4 wavelength, FIG. 19A shows an intermediate point (hereinafter referred to as “the recording medium P”) from the guide tip surface on the transmission side to the guide tip surface on the reception side. , The center between the sensors.) FIG. 19B shows the case where the recording medium P is stopped while being shifted from the center between the sensors toward the transmitting side.

  First, ultrasonic interference in the state of FIG. For the ultrasonic wave of the path 91, the path difference from the path 92 is 7/4 wavelength because the distance from the guide tip surface to the recording medium P is 3/8 wavelength and the guide length is 1/2 wavelength. I know that there is. Similarly, with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 91, the path difference from the path 93 is 7/4 wavelength. That is, the ultrasonic waves of the path 92 and the path 93 are delayed by 7/4 wavelength with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 91. The ultrasonic wave of each path in the recording medium P at this time is as shown in FIG. Considering the synthesized wave of each ultrasonic wave, it can be seen that the ultrasonic waves of the path 92 and the path 93 have the same phase, but the 1/4 wavelength phase is shifted from the ultrasonic wave generated from the transmitter 30. Although the ultrasonic waves of the path 92 and the path 93 are shifted by ¼ wavelength with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 91, the ultrasonic waves of the path 92 and the path 93 are reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission unit 30. Therefore, the sound wave is attenuated more than the sound wave in the path 91. Therefore, although the phase is shifted, it can be said that the shift width is within an allowable range for obtaining a stable calculation output.

  Next, ultrasonic interference in the state of FIG. 19B will be described. FIG. 19B shows a stop posture in which the recording medium P is stopped by shifting to the transmission side by 1/8 wavelength from the center between the sensors. Since the path difference with the path 102 is 3/2 wavelengths with respect to the ultrasound of the path 101, the ultrasound of the path 102 is delayed by 3/2 wavelengths with respect to the ultrasound of the path 101. Further, the path difference from the path 103 with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 101 is two wavelengths, and similarly, the ultrasonic wave of the path 103 is delayed by two wavelengths with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 101. The ultrasonic waves of the respective paths in the recording medium P at this time are as shown in FIG. Considering the synthesized wave of each ultrasonic wave, it can be seen that the ultrasonic waves of the path 101 and the path 102 have the same phase, but the ultrasonic wave of the path 103 has an opposite phase. Although the ultrasonic waves of the path 103 are in opposite phases, the ultrasonic waves of the path 102 and the path 103 are reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmission unit 30 and are therefore attenuated more than the ultrasonic waves of the path 101. Therefore, it can be seen that the ultrasonic wave of the path 102 and the ultrasonic wave of the path 103 substantially cancel each other, and the synthesized wave is stabilized. Although not shown, when the ultrasonic waves of the path 101 and the path 103 have the same phase, the ultrasonic waves of the path 102 are in opposite phases, so the ultrasonic waves of the path 102 and the ultrasonic waves of the path 103 cancel each other out. It can be seen that the synthesized wave is stable.

  Next, the state of ultrasonic waves in each path when the distance between guides is one wavelength will be described with reference to FIGS. First, ultrasonic interference in the state of FIG. 21A, when the recording medium P is in the stop posture where it stops at the center between the sensors, the path difference between the path 112 and the path 112 with respect to the ultrasound of the path 111 is from the guide tip surface to the recording medium P. Since the distance is ½ wavelength and the guide length is ½ wavelength, it can be seen that it is one wavelength. Similarly, with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 111, the path difference from the path 113 is also one wavelength. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22A, since the ultrasonic waves of all paths overlap with each other in the same phase, the output of the synthesized wave becomes the largest.

  Next, ultrasonic interference in the state of FIG. FIG. 21B shows a case where the recording medium P is in a stopped posture where the recording medium P is stopped on the transmission side by a quarter wavelength from the center between the sensors. The difference between the ultrasonic wave of the path 121 and the path 122 is that the distance from the guide tip surface on the transmission side to the recording medium P is 1/4 wavelength and the guide length is 1/2 wavelength. Since there are two wavelengths, the ultrasonic wave of the path 122 is delayed by 3/2 wavelengths with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 121. Further, the difference between the sound wave of the path 121 and the path 123 is that the distance from the guide end surface on the receiving side to the recording medium P is 3/4 wavelength and the guide length is 1/2 wavelength. / 2 wavelength, and the ultrasonic wave of the path 123 is delayed by 5/2 wavelengths with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 121. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22B, the ultrasonic wave of the path 121 and the ultrasonic wave of the path 123 overlap with each other in the opposite phase with respect to the ultrasonic wave of the path 121, so that the output of the synthesized wave becomes the smallest.

  As described above, when the distance between the guides is not set to an odd multiple of the quarter wavelength, the output of the combined wave may be the maximum value or the minimum value depending on the position of the recording medium P. A calculation output that is largely unstable and unstable will be obtained. However, when the distance between guides 44 is an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength, ultrasonic waves having different phases are irradiated for each path depending on the position of the recording medium P. However, such a large fluctuation that all the reflected waves have the same phase or all the reflected waves have the opposite phase with respect to the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the transmission unit 30 does not occur. Therefore, a stable calculation output with little fluctuation can be obtained. That is, when the guide length is an integral multiple of ½ wavelength and the distance between guides is an odd multiple of ¼ wavelength, the output variation due to the stop posture of the recording medium P is small and a stable output result is obtained. Thus, the basis weight detection accuracy of the recording medium P can be improved. The condition described above is an example, and the same result can be obtained if the inter-guide distance 44 is set to m times the quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (m is an odd number of 1 or more).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 Ultrasonic transmission part 31 Guide member which guides the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission part 30 to the direction of the reception part 40 32 Guide length of the transmission part 40 Ultrasonic reception part 41 The ultrasonic wave which permeate | transmitted the recording medium P of the reception part 40 Guide member that guides in direction 42 Guide length of receiver 60 Transport path 61 Transport guide P Recording medium

Claims (15)

A basis weight detection sensor for detecting the basis weight of a recording medium using ultrasonic waves,
A transmission means for transmitting ultrasonic waves;
A receiving means comprising a first vibrating member having a receiving section for receiving an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmitting means and transmitted through the recording medium;
The receiving means has a guide member for guiding the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium to the receiving unit,
The length from the surface of the receiving unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the receiving unit of the first vibrating member and perpendicular to the receiving unit is transmitted from the transmitting unit. A basis weight detection sensor having a length of n times (n is an integer of 1 or more) approximately half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. The transmission means includes a second vibration member having a transmission unit for transmitting ultrasonic waves,
A guide member for guiding ultrasonic waves to be transmitted to the receiving unit;
The length from the surface of the transmission unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the transmission unit of the second vibration member and perpendicular to the transmission unit is transmitted from the transmission unit. 2. The basis weight detection sensor according to claim 1, wherein the basis weight detection sensor has a length of n times (n is an integer of 1 or more) approximately half of a wavelength of ultrasonic waves to be generated.   The length of n times the half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave means that the ultrasonic wave output range transmitted through the recording medium of the first basis weight and received by the receiving unit is equal to the second basis weight. The basis weight according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the basis weight is set so as not to overlap with an output range of ultrasonic waves transmitted through a recording medium and received by the receiving unit. Detection sensor. The basis weight detection sensor according to claim 3, wherein the first basis weight is 105 g / m ² , and the second basis weight is 120 g / m ² .   The distance between the guides from the front end surface of the guide member of the transmission unit to the front end surface of the guide member of the reception unit is approximately m times the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit (m is 1 or more). 4. The basis weight detection sensor according to claim 2, wherein the basis weight is a distance of an odd number). A basis weight detection sensor for detecting the basis weight of a recording medium using ultrasonic waves,
A transmission means for transmitting ultrasonic waves;
A receiving means comprising a first vibrating member having a receiving section for receiving an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmitting means and transmitted through the recording medium;
The receiving means has a guide member for guiding the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium to the receiving unit,
The length from the surface of the receiving unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the receiving unit of the first vibrating member and perpendicular to the receiving unit is the first basis weight. The ultrasonic output range transmitted through the recording medium and received by the receiving unit does not overlap the ultrasonic output range transmitted through the second basis weight recording medium and received by the receiving unit. A basis weight detection sensor characterized by having a length set as described above. The transmission means includes a second vibration member having a transmission unit for transmitting ultrasonic waves,
A guide member for guiding ultrasonic waves to be transmitted to the receiving unit;
The length from the surface of the transmission unit to the surface including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the transmission unit of the second vibration member and perpendicular to the transmission unit is the first basis weight. The ultrasonic output range transmitted through the recording medium and received by the receiving unit does not overlap the ultrasonic output range transmitted through the second basis weight recording medium and received by the receiving unit. The basis weight detection sensor according to claim 6, wherein the basis weight is set as described above. An image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium,
An image forming means for forming an image;
A transmission means for transmitting ultrasonic waves;
A receiving means comprising a first vibrating member having a receiving section for receiving an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmitting means and transmitted through the recording medium;
Control means for controlling image forming conditions of the image forming means according to the ultrasonic wave received by the receiving section;
The receiving means has a guide member for guiding the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium to the receiving unit,
The length from the surface of the receiving unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the receiving unit of the first vibrating member and perpendicular to the receiving unit is transmitted from the transmitting unit. An image forming apparatus having a length approximately n times as long as a half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave (n is an integer of 1 or more). The transmission means includes a second vibration member having a transmission unit for transmitting ultrasonic waves,
A guide member for guiding ultrasonic waves to be transmitted to the receiving unit;
The length from the surface of the transmission unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the transmission unit of the second vibration member and perpendicular to the transmission unit is transmitted from the transmission unit. The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the image forming apparatus has a length that is approximately n times as long as a half of a wavelength of the ultrasonic wave to be generated (n is an integer of 1 or more). An image forming apparatus that detects the basis weight of the recording medium according to an output result of the receiving unit,
The length of n times the half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave means that the ultrasonic wave output range transmitted through the recording medium of the first basis weight and received by the receiving unit is equal to the second basis weight. 10. The image formation according to claim 8, wherein the length is set so as not to overlap an output range of ultrasonic waves transmitted through a recording medium and received by the receiving unit. 11. apparatus. The image forming apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the first basis weight is 105 g / m ² , and the second basis weight is 120 g / m ² .   A conveyance guide for conveying the recording medium, and the conveyance guide is provided with an opening for receiving the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit by the reception unit; The image forming apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the leading end of the sheet and the opening of the conveyance guide are brought into close contact with each other.   The distance between the guides from the front end surface of the guide member of the transmission unit to the front end surface of the guide member of the reception unit is approximately m times the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmission unit (m is 1 or more). The image forming apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the distance is an odd number). An image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium,
An image forming means for forming an image;
A transmission means for transmitting ultrasonic waves;
A receiving means comprising a first vibrating member having a receiving section for receiving an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the transmitting means and transmitted through the recording medium;
Control means for controlling image forming conditions of the image forming means according to the output result of the receiving means;
The receiving means has a guide member for guiding the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the recording medium to the receiving unit,
The length from the surface of the receiving unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the receiving unit of the first vibrating member and perpendicular to the receiving unit is the first basis weight. The ultrasonic output range transmitted through the recording medium and received by the receiving unit does not overlap the ultrasonic output range transmitted through the second basis weight recording medium and received by the receiving unit. An image forming apparatus having a length set as described above. The transmission means includes a second vibration member having a transmission unit for transmitting ultrasonic waves,
A guide member for guiding ultrasonic waves to be transmitted to the receiving unit;
The length from the surface of the transmitting unit to the plane including the distal end surface of the guide member in a line passing through the center of the transmitting unit of the second vibrating member and perpendicular to the transmitting unit is the first basis weight. An ultrasonic output range transmitted through the recording medium and received by the receiving unit and an ultrasonic output range transmitted through the second basis weight recording medium and received by the receiving unit. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the length is set so as not to overlap.

Images