JP2014183666A - Power management device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small size power management device and a program for functioning the power management device capable of setting a notification level in several steps to an average demand power in a prescribed period of time to perform a notification operation when an average demand power in a prescribed period of time exceeds a notification level in the respective steps.SOLUTION: An arithmetic processing section 10 calculates a power consumption of an electrical apparatus on the basis of a power source voltage measured by a voltage measurement section 11 and a load current measured by a current measurement unit 12 to calculate an average demand power in a prescribed period from the value of the calculated power consumption. The arithmetic processing section 10 compares a measured value of the average demand power and notification level in the respective steps, and when determining the measured value exceeds the notification level, controls a contact switch 17 to turn ON/OFF a contact 16 to output a contact signal. The arithmetic processing section 10 changes at least any one of the ON/OFF cycle of the contact 16, the duty ratio and the voltage level of the contact signal according to the step of the notification level the measured value of which exceeds.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power management apparatus and a program for realizing the power management apparatus.

  Conventionally, there has been a power consumption monitoring system that includes an outlet adapter that monitors power consumption of an electrical device and an outlet monitor that performs a notification operation when the power consumption of the electrical device exceeds a predetermined value (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The outlet adapter is inserted between the plug outlet and the plug of the electric device, measures the power consumption of the electric device, and wirelessly transmits the measurement result to the outlet monitor. The outlet monitor displays the measured power consumption received from the outlet adapter, and when the measured power consumption exceeds the specified value, the warning light is lit or an alarm sound is generated to reduce the power consumption. Notifies that the predetermined value has been exceeded.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-282164

  In the above power consumption monitoring system, when the measured value of power consumption exceeds a predetermined value, the warning lamp of the outlet monitor is turned on or an alarm sound is output. However, the average demand power for a predetermined period is a predetermined value. There was also a power management device with a contact output that switched on / off when exceeded. A warning light or buzzer is connected to the contact output terminal, and when the average demand power exceeds a predetermined value, the contact is turned on, the warning light turns on or the buzzer sounds, and power consumption is measured. Notifies that the value has exceeded a predetermined value.

  In such a power management apparatus, when a plurality of notification levels are set for the average demand power and a contact signal is output at each notification level, the number of terminals for outputting contact signals increases according to the number of notification levels. It will be. For this reason, there has been a problem that an increase in the number of terminals causes an increase in size of the power management apparatus.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to set a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power for a predetermined period, and the average demand power for a predetermined period is the notification level for each stage. It is to provide a small-sized power management apparatus that performs a notification operation when exceeding the above, and a program for realizing the power management apparatus.

  The power management apparatus of the present invention includes a measurement unit, an average demand power calculation unit, a comparison unit, an output unit, and a notification unit. The measurement unit measures the power consumption of the electrical equipment. The average demand power calculation unit calculates an actual measurement value of the average demand power from the start of the predetermined period to the present based on a value obtained by integrating the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present for each predetermined period. The comparison unit sets a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power, and compares the measured value of the average demand power with the levels of the notification levels at a plurality of levels. When the comparison unit determines that the actual measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification level, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact connected to the output terminal. The notification unit changes at least one of an ON / OFF cycle of the contact, a duty ratio, and a voltage level of the contact signal according to the level of the notification level at which the measured value has exceeded. .

  In this power management apparatus, it is also preferable to perform the following notification operation. The comparison unit compares the maximum power consumption value determined by the contract between the electric power company and the consumer with the power consumption measured by the measurement unit. When the comparison unit determines that the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption value, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact. The notification unit includes a contact ON / OFF cycle, a duty ratio, and a contact signal when the measured value exceeds the notification level and when the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption. At least one of the voltage levels is changed.

  The program of the present invention is a program for causing a computer to operate as a power management apparatus. The power management apparatus includes a measurement unit, an average demand power calculation unit, a comparison unit, an output unit, and a notification unit. The measurement unit measures the power consumption of the electrical equipment. The average demand power calculation unit calculates an actual measurement value of the average demand power from the start of the predetermined period to the present based on a value obtained by integrating the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present for each predetermined period. The comparison unit sets a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power, and compares the measured value of the average demand power with the levels of the notification levels at a plurality of levels. When the comparison unit determines that the actual measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification level, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact connected to the output terminal. The notification unit changes at least one of an ON / OFF cycle of the contact, a duty ratio, and a voltage level of the contact signal according to the level of the notification level at which the measured value has exceeded. .

  In this program, the comparison unit compares the maximum power consumption value determined by the contract between the electric power company and the consumer with the power consumption measured by the measurement unit, and the power consumption is the maximum power. When the comparison unit determines that the power consumption value has been exceeded, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact, and the notification unit is configured to output the contact value when the measured value exceeds the notification level. And power management for changing at least one of the ON / OFF cycle of the contact, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal when the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption. It is also preferable to operate a computer as the device.

  According to the power management apparatus of the present invention, the comparison unit compares the measured value of the average demand power obtained by the average demand power calculation unit with the levels of the notification levels in a plurality of stages. When the measured value of the average demand power exceeds the notification level, the notification unit sets the contact ON / OFF cycle, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal in accordance with the notification level stage at which the measured value exceeds. At least one of them is changed. Therefore, the consumer can know which level of the measured value of the average demand power exceeds the difference level of the contact signal, and can take measures such as limiting the power consumption. In addition, since it is possible to notify that the measured value of the average demand power has exceeded a plurality of notification levels with a contact signal of one contact, only one set of output terminals is required to output the contact signal. The size of the apparatus can be reduced.

  In addition, according to the program of the present invention, a small power that sets a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power for a predetermined period and performs a notification operation when the average demand power for the predetermined period exceeds the notification level for each stage. A computer can be operated as a management apparatus.

It is a block diagram of the power management apparatus of this embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement same as the above. (A) and (b) are waveform diagrams of contact signals output from the above. (A)-(c) is a wave form diagram of the contact signal output from the same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the other form of a power management apparatus same as the above.

  An embodiment of a power management apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power management apparatus 1. The power management apparatus 1 includes an arithmetic processing unit 10, a voltage measurement unit 11, a current measurement unit 12, an operation unit 13, a data / set value management unit 14, a display unit 15, a contact point 16, and a contact opening / closing unit. 17 and a power supply unit 18.

  The arithmetic processing unit 10 is composed of a microcomputer, and this microcomputer executes a program stored in a ROM (not shown) or the like, whereby each function of the power management apparatus 1 (that is, a measurement unit, an average demand power calculation unit, Functions as a comparison unit, an output unit, and a notification unit) are realized.

  The voltage measurement unit 11 measures the power supply voltage supplied from the commercial power supply 2 and outputs the measurement result to the arithmetic processing unit 10.

  The current measuring unit 12 measures and measures the current (load current) flowing through the electrical device based on the output of the current sensor 3 (for example, a current transformer) that measures the current (load current) supplied to the electrical device. The result is output to the arithmetic processing unit 10.

  The operation unit 13 includes a plurality of operation buttons (not shown), and outputs a signal corresponding to the operation to the arithmetic processing unit 10 when the operation button is operated by the user. For example, the operation unit 13 is used to set a notification level for the average demand power. When the user sets a desired power value as the notification level, the setting content is output to the arithmetic processing unit 10.

  The data / set value management unit 14 includes a card slot (not shown) in which a memory card such as an SD memory card is mounted, for example, and the arithmetic processing unit 10 writes data to the memory card (not shown). Reading of data from the memory card is controlled. The arithmetic processing unit 10 stores, for example, data such as a measured value of power consumption, a value obtained by measuring average demand power for a predetermined period, and a notification level for the maximum demand power in a memory card.

  The display unit 15 is composed of a liquid crystal display, for example. The display content of the display unit 15 is controlled by the arithmetic processing unit 10, and the arithmetic processing unit 10 causes the display unit 15 to display, for example, a measured value of power consumption.

  The contact 16 is connected between the output terminals t1 and t2. For example, an external warning light is connected to the output terminals t1 and t2, and the warning light is turned on when the contact 16 is turned on, and the warning light is turned off when the contact 16 is turned off. A buzzer or the like may be connected to the output terminals t1 and t2. In this case, the buzzer sounds when the contact 16 is turned on, and the buzzer stops when the contact 16 is turned off.

  The contact opening / closing unit 17 turns the contact 16 on or off in accordance with a control signal from the arithmetic processing unit 10.

  The power supply unit 18 converts an AC voltage supplied from the commercial power supply 2 into a DC voltage, and supplies an operating voltage to each circuit included in the power management apparatus 1.

  Next, the operation of the power management apparatus 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  Each time a predetermined measurement cycle elapses, the voltage measurement unit 11 measures a power supply voltage, and the current measurement unit 12 measures a current (load current) flowing through the electrical device (step S1). The arithmetic processing unit 10 calculates the instantaneous power consumption from the power supply voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit 11 and the load current measured by the current measuring unit 12 and calculates the power consumption calculation result to the data / set value management unit 14. Are sequentially stored (step S2). When calculating the power consumption, the arithmetic processing unit 10 integrates the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present every predetermined period (every 30 minutes from every hour), and the elapsed time from the start of the predetermined period The average demand power W1 in a predetermined period is obtained by dividing the integrated value by (Step S3).

  Here, in a contract between an electric power company and a consumer, the largest maximum demand power among the maximum demand powers in the past 11 months from the current month is set as the contract power, and the electricity rate is determined based on this contract power. The maximum demand power (so-called demand value) refers to the maximum average demand power in the month among the average demand power obtained in units of 30 minutes. Therefore, the arithmetic processing unit 10 calculates the average demand power in units of 30 minutes, and calculates the average demand power for 30 minutes from 0 to 30 minutes per hour and 30 minutes from 30 to 60 minutes per hour. .

  In the power supply and demand contract as described above, when the maximum demand power for the current month exceeds the contract power, the electricity price increases, so the customer tries to keep the maximum demand power for the current month below the contract power. Therefore, the customer sets, for example, two notification levels WL1 and WL2 for the average demand power, one notification level WL1 is set to, for example, 90% of the contract power, and the other notification level WL2 is contracted. The power value is set (WL1 <WL2).

  When the arithmetic processing unit 10 obtains the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power in the process of step S3, it compares the level of the actual measured value W1 with the notification level WL1 (step S4).

  If the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power is equal to or lower than the notification level WL1 (No in step S4), the arithmetic processing unit 10 returns to step S1 without performing the notification operation and waits until the next measurement cycle comes.

  If the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL1 (Yes in Step S4), the arithmetic processing unit 10 compares the measured value W1 of the average demand power with the level of the notification level WL2 (Step S5). . If the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power is equal to or lower than the notification level WL2 (No in step S5), the arithmetic processing unit 10 outputs a first notification signal to the contact opening / closing unit 17 (step S6), and then proceeds to step S1. Return. When the first notification signal is input from the arithmetic processing unit 10, the contact opening / closing unit 17 turns on / off the contact 16 with, for example, the output pattern shown in FIG. On / off is repeated periodically with 5 seconds and an off period of 30 seconds.

  On the other hand, if the actual measured value W1 of the average power demand exceeds the notification level WL2 (Yes in step S5), the arithmetic processing unit 10 outputs a second notification signal to the contact opening / closing unit 17 (step S7), Return to step S1. When the second notification signal is input from the arithmetic processing unit 10, the contact opening / closing unit 17 turns on / off the contact 16 according to the output pattern shown in FIG. 3B, for example. On / off is repeated periodically with 5 seconds and an off period of 5 seconds.

  As described above, when the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL1 and becomes equal to or less than the notification level WL2, the arithmetic processing unit 10 turns the contact 16 on / off with the output pattern of FIG. When the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL2, the arithmetic processing unit 10 turns on / off the contact 16 with the output pattern of FIG. 3B, exceeds the notification level WL1, and exceeds the notification level WL2. Compared to the following cases, the on-time is not changed and the on / off cycle is shortened.

  For example, when a warning lamp is connected to the output terminals t1 and t2, when the measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds 90% of the contract power, the warning lamp is turned on / off at a cycle of 5 seconds and turned off for 30 seconds. repeat. By flashing the warning lamp, the consumer can recognize that the average demand power exceeds 90% of the contract power, and can take action to suppress the average demand power. On the other hand, when the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the contract power, the warning lamp is turned on / off repeatedly for a period of 5 seconds and 5 seconds. Compared with the case where the actual measurement value W1 of the average demand power is less than or equal to the contract power, the blinking cycle is shortened, so that the consumer can recognize that the average demand power exceeds the contract power from the difference in the blink pattern, and the average The operation | movement which suppresses power demand can be performed urgently.

  In the present embodiment, the cycle at which the contact 16 is turned on / off is changed depending on whether the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL1 or exceeds the notification level WL2. The on / off duty ratio may be changed in the same manner. Moreover, you may change both a period and a duty ratio with the case where the actual value W1 of average demand power exceeds the notification level WL1, and the case where it exceeds the notification level WL2. The voltage level when the contact 16 is on or off may be changed depending on whether the actual measured value W1 of the average power demand exceeds the notification level WL1 or exceeds the notification level WL2. It is only necessary to change at least one of the on / off cycle, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although the arithmetic processing part 10 calculates | requires power consumption based on the power supply voltage which the voltage measurement part 11 measured, and the load current which the current measurement part 12 measured, it shows in FIG. As described above, the average demand power may be obtained based on the result of integrating the amount of power by the external power integrator 4.

  The power management apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 5 includes a pulse measurement unit 19 that counts pulse signals output from the power integrator 4 in place of the voltage measurement unit 11 and the current measurement unit 12 described above. The power integrator 4 measures and integrates the amount of power consumed by the electrical equipment, and outputs one pulse signal each time the integrated value increases by a certain amount. The pulse measuring unit 19 counts the number of pulse signals output from the power integrator 4 from the start of the predetermined period to the present every predetermined period. The arithmetic processing unit 10 integrates the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present time for each predetermined period based on the measurement result of the pulse measurement unit 19, and calculates the integrated value by the elapsed time from the start of the predetermined period. By dividing, the average demand power W1 in a predetermined period is obtained. In addition, since it is the same as that of the power management apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 except the measuring method of power consumption, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to a common component and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, the power management apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes the measurement unit, the average demand power calculation unit, the comparison unit, the output unit, and the notification unit. The measuring unit (comprising the arithmetic processing unit 10, the voltage measuring unit 11, and the current measuring unit 12) measures the power consumption of the electric device. The average demand power calculation unit (comprising the arithmetic processing unit 10) calculates the average demand power from the start of the predetermined period to the present based on the value obtained by integrating the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present every predetermined period. The actual measurement value of is calculated. The comparison unit (comprising the arithmetic processing unit 10) sets a plurality of stages of notification levels for the average demand power, and compares the measured value of the average demand power with the levels of the plurality of stages of notification levels. When the comparison unit (arithmetic processing unit 10) determines that the measured power consumption value exceeds the notification level, the output unit (comprising the arithmetic processing unit 10 and the contact opening / closing unit 17) is connected to the output terminals t1 and t2. The contact signal is output by turning on / off 16. Then, the notification unit (comprising the arithmetic processing unit 10) has at least one of the on / off cycle of the contact 16, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal according to the level of the notification level at which the measured value has exceeded. Either one is changed.

  The comparison unit (arithmetic processing unit 10) compares the measured value of the average demand power with the level of the notification level at a plurality of stages. When the measured value of the average demand power exceeds the notification level, the notification unit (calculation processing unit 10) determines the ON / OFF cycle of the contact 16 and the duty ratio according to the level of the notification level at which the measured value exceeds. In addition, since at least one of the voltage levels of the contact signal is changed, the contact signal of one contact 16 indicates that the measured value of the average demand power has exceeded each of the notification levels in a plurality of stages. Can be notified. Therefore, the fact that the actual measured value of the average demand power exceeds each of the notification levels in a plurality of stages can be notified by one contact 16, and only one set of output terminals for outputting the contact signal is required. 1 can be miniaturized.

  In the power management apparatus 1, it is also preferable to perform the following notification operation. The comparison unit (arithmetic processing unit 10) compares the level of the maximum used power value determined by the contract between the electric power company and the consumer with the measured value of the average demand power. When the comparison unit (calculation processing unit 10) determines that the measured power consumption value exceeds the maximum power consumption value, the output unit (calculation processing unit 10) outputs a contact signal by turning the contact 16 on / off. Here, the notification unit (arithmetic processing unit 10) turns the contact 16 on / off when the measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification level and when the measured value of power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption. At least one of the period, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal is changed.

  For example, a case will be described in which the arithmetic processing unit 10 compares the maximum power consumption value WL3 (WL3> WL2> WL1) with the measured power consumption value in addition to the above-described two notification levels WL1 and WL2. If the measured value of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL1 and not more than the notification level WL2, that is, if it exceeds 90% of the contract power and is not more than the contract power, the arithmetic processing unit 10 is shown in FIG. Thus, the contact 16 of the output unit 16 is periodically turned on / off with an on period of 5 seconds and an off period of 30 seconds. When the actual measured value of the average demand power exceeds the notification level WL2, that is, the contract power is exceeded, the arithmetic processing unit 10 connects the contact 16 of the output unit 16 to the ON period 5 as shown in FIG. Second, the off period is periodically turned on / off at 10 seconds. When the measured value of the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption value WL3, the arithmetic processing unit 10 connects the contact 16 of the output unit 16 to the ON period of 5 seconds and the OFF period of 5 as shown in FIG. Turn on / off periodically in seconds.

  As described above, the on / off cycle of the contact 16 is changed between the actual measured value of the average demand power exceeding the notification levels WL1 and WL2 and the measured power consumption value exceeding the maximum used power value WL3. Since the average demand power exceeds any one of the notification levels in a plurality of stages and the measured value of power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption, the contact signal of one contact 16 is used to distinguish and notify. Can do. Therefore, it is possible to notify at one contact 16 that the measured value of average demand power has exceeded any of a plurality of notification levels and that the measured value of power consumption has exceeded the maximum power consumption, and a contact signal is output. Therefore, since the number of output terminals (output terminals t1 and t2) for this is only one set, the power management apparatus 1 can be downsized.

  In the present embodiment, the contact 16 is turned on / off when the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification levels WL1 and WL2 and when the measured power consumption value exceeds the maximum power consumption value WL3. Although the period is changed, the on / off duty ratio may be changed with the same period. Further, both the cycle and the duty ratio are changed when the actual measured value W1 of the average power demand exceeds the notification levels WL1 and WL2 and when the measured power consumption value exceeds the maximum power consumption value WL3. Also good. Further, the voltage level when the contact 16 is on or off when the actual measured value W1 of the average demand power exceeds the notification levels WL1 and WL2 and when the measured power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption value WL3. Or at least one of the ON / OFF cycle of the contact 16, the duty ratio, and the voltage level of the contact signal may be changed.

  Here, when the measured value of power consumption exceeds the maximum used power value WL3, the off period is shorter and the on / off cycle is shorter than when the measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification levels WL1 and WL2. Since it is shorter, it can be easily determined that the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption, and the consumer can be acted to reduce the power consumption.

1 power management device 10 arithmetic processing unit (measurement unit, average power calculation unit, comparison unit, output unit, notification unit)
11 Voltage measurement unit (measurement unit)
12 Current measurement unit (measurement unit)
16 contact points 17 contact opening / closing part (output part)
19 Pulse measurement unit (power measurement unit)
t1, t2 output terminals

Claims (4)

A measurement unit for measuring the power consumption of the electrical equipment;
An average demand power calculation unit that calculates an actual measurement value of average demand power from the start of the predetermined period to the present based on a value obtained by integrating the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present for each predetermined period;
A comparison unit that sets a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power, and compares the measured values of the average demand power with the notification levels of a plurality of steps, respectively.
When the comparison unit determines that the measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification level, an output unit that outputs a contact signal by turning on / off a contact connected to the output terminal;
A notification unit that changes at least one of an ON / OFF cycle of the contact, a duty ratio, and a voltage level of the contact signal according to a step of the notification level at which the actual measurement value has exceeded. A power management apparatus comprising: The comparison unit compares the maximum power consumption value determined by a contract between an electric power company and a consumer with the power consumption measured by the measurement unit,
When the comparison unit determines that the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption value, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact,
The notification unit includes a contact ON / OFF cycle, a duty ratio, and a contact signal when the measured value exceeds the notification level and when the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption. The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the voltage levels is changed. Computer
A measurement unit for measuring the power consumption of the electrical equipment;
An average demand power calculation unit that calculates an actual measurement value of average demand power from the start of the predetermined period to the present based on a value obtained by integrating the power consumption from the start of the predetermined period to the present for each predetermined period;
A comparison unit that sets a plurality of notification levels for the average demand power, and compares the measured values of the average demand power with the notification levels of a plurality of steps, respectively.
When the comparison unit determines that the measured value of average demand power exceeds the notification level, an output unit that outputs a contact signal by turning on / off a contact connected to the output terminal;
A notification unit that changes at least one of an ON / OFF cycle of the contact, a duty ratio, and a voltage level of the contact signal according to a step of the notification level at which the actual measurement value has exceeded. Power management device with
Program to operate as. The program according to claim 3,
The comparison unit compares the maximum power consumption value determined by a contract between an electric power company and a consumer with the power consumption measured by the measurement unit,
When the comparison unit determines that the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption value, the output unit outputs a contact signal by turning on / off the contact,
The notification unit includes a contact ON / OFF cycle, a duty ratio, and a contact signal when the measured value exceeds the notification level and when the power consumption exceeds the maximum power consumption. A power management device that changes at least one of the voltage levels of
As a program to operate the computer.

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