JP2014183637A - Power distribution system and current-limiting device - Google Patents

Power distribution system and current-limiting device Download PDF

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JP2014183637A
JP2014183637A JP2013055862A JP2013055862A JP2014183637A JP 2014183637 A JP2014183637 A JP 2014183637A JP 2013055862 A JP2013055862 A JP 2013055862A JP 2013055862 A JP2013055862 A JP 2013055862A JP 2014183637 A JP2014183637 A JP 2014183637A
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power
limiting device
current
distribution system
power distribution
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Takashi Ineji
崇 稲次
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Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
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Priority to JP2013055862A priority Critical patent/JP2014183637A/en
Priority to CN201480016514.4A priority patent/CN105191038A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2014/000915 priority patent/WO2014147959A1/en
Publication of JP2014183637A publication Critical patent/JP2014183637A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/006—Calibration or setting of parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
    • H02H3/105—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions responsive to excess current and fault current to earth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/30—State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Distribution Board (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power distribution system allowing a user or power supplier to easily change the setting of current rating on a current-limiting device by remote control without extra work.SOLUTION: A power distribution system 1 has a distribution panel 3 including a current-limiting device 4 that limits current flowing on an electric circuit. The current-limiting device 4 includes; an overcurrent detection section 46 that detects an overcurrent exceeding a predetermined current rating as a vector sum of the currents flowing on a voltage phase of an electric circuit; a communication section 47 that communicates with a power meter 2; and an arithmetic circuit 45 that changeably sets a predetermined current rating based on a setting signal acquired via the communication section 47. With this arrangement, the current rating of the current-limiting device 4 can be easily changed by remote control requiring no extra work to a user or power supplier.

Description

本発明は、電路を流れる電流を制限する電流制限装置を備える配電システム及びこの配電システムに用いる電流制限装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a power distribution system including a current limiting device that limits a current flowing through an electric circuit, and a current limiting device used in the power distribution system.

従来、住宅用分電盤などに、電力供給会社との契約により、需要家に対して所定以上の電力利用を制限するための電流制限装置（アンペアブレーカ、又はリミッタとも呼ぶ）を設置することがある。従来の住宅用分電盤の構成例を図４に示す。住宅用分電盤１００には、１次側電路に電流制限装置１０１と漏電遮断器１０２とが直列に接続されて配設され、漏電遮断器１０２の負荷側端子に分岐ブレーカ１０３が接続されて配設されている。   Conventionally, it is possible to install a current limiting device (also called an ampere breaker or a limiter) on a residential power distribution board or the like by a contract with a power supply company to limit the use of electric power above a predetermined level for consumers. is there. A configuration example of a conventional residential distribution board is shown in FIG. In the residential distribution board 100, a current limiting device 101 and a leakage breaker 102 are connected in series to the primary side circuit, and a branch breaker 103 is connected to the load side terminal of the leakage breaker 102. It is arranged.

電流制限装置１０１は、図５に示すように、電流検出素子１０１ａと過電流検出部１０１ｂとを備える。この過電流検出部１０１ｂは、演算回路１０１ｃにおいて演算処理を行い、電流検出素子１０１ａで検出される電流値が、電力供給会社との契約容量に合わせた定格電流値（例えば３０Aなど）を超えているか否かを検出する。そして、過電流検出部１０１ｂが定格電流値を超える電流が流れていることを検出すると、演算回路１０１ｃは、リレー１０１ｄの接点を閉じ、信号送出部１０１ｅを介して外部の漏電遮断器１０２に対して遮断信号を送出する。   As illustrated in FIG. 5, the current limiting device 101 includes a current detection element 101a and an overcurrent detection unit 101b. The overcurrent detection unit 101b performs arithmetic processing in the arithmetic circuit 101c, and the current value detected by the current detection element 101a exceeds a rated current value (for example, 30 A) that matches the contracted capacity with the power supply company. Detect whether or not. When the overcurrent detection unit 101b detects that a current exceeding the rated current value is flowing, the arithmetic circuit 101c closes the contact of the relay 101d and connects the external leakage breaker 102 via the signal transmission unit 101e. Send a shutoff signal.

漏電遮断器１０２は、当該遮断信号を受信すると電圧相に設けられた接点装置を動作させて接点を開く遮断動作を行い、負荷側端子への電力供給を遮断する。なお、漏電遮断器１０２も、電圧相に独自の電流検出素子を持ち、この電流検出素子と引き外し装置とを用いて過電流を検出すると遮断動作を行う機能を有している。   When the earth leakage breaker 102 receives the interruption signal, the earth leakage breaker 102 operates the contact device provided in the voltage phase to open the contact, and interrupts the power supply to the load side terminal. The earth leakage breaker 102 also has a unique current detection element in the voltage phase, and has a function of performing an interruption operation when an overcurrent is detected using the current detection element and the trip device.

ところで、このような電流制限装置を備える分電盤は大型化するという問題がある。このため、分電盤の小型化を図るために電流制限装置と漏電遮断器とを一体化した電流制限装置及び電流遮断システムが提示されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   By the way, the distribution board provided with such a current limiting device has a problem that it is enlarged. For this reason, in order to reduce the size of the distribution board, a current limiting device and a current interrupting system in which a current limiting device and an earth leakage breaker are integrated have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開２０１１−３０３７７号公報JP 2011-30377 A

しかし、上記従来の分電盤内に配置される電流制限装置は、電力供給会社との契約容量に合わせた固有の定格電流値を持つ専用装置が選定される。例えば、Ａ電力会社と需要家が「従量電灯Ｂ」で契約する場合、１０Ａから６０Ａまで７種類の契約があり、それぞれの契約に応じてアンペア値の異なる電流制限装置が設置される必要がある。従って、分電盤内に電流制限装置が一旦取り付けられた後に契約が変更されると、電力供給者が別の定格電流値を持つ新たな電流制限装置と交換する手間や費用負担が生じている。   However, as the current limiting device disposed in the conventional distribution board, a dedicated device having a specific rated current value that matches the contracted capacity with the power supply company is selected. For example, when the electric power company A and the customer make a contract with “meter-rate lamp B”, there are seven types of contracts from 10A to 60A, and it is necessary to install current limiting devices with different amperage values according to the respective contracts. . Therefore, if the contract is changed after the current limiting device is once installed in the distribution board, there is a trouble and cost burden for the power supplier to replace it with a new current limiting device having a different rated current value. .

また、電力供給者が、需要家の宅外において、専用設定器や図４に示すような電流制限装置１０１に設けられた定格設定つまみ１０１ｆを用いて電流制限装置１０１の定格電流値を変更する場合も想定される。しかしながら、この場合においても、需要家の立ち合いが必要であり、電力供給者側の作業者の作業工数が生じる。   In addition, the power supplier changes the rated current value of the current limiting device 101 using a dedicated setting device or a rating setting knob 101f provided in the current limiting device 101 as shown in FIG. 4 outside the customer's home. Cases are also envisaged. However, even in this case, it is necessary for the customer to be present, and the work man-hours of the worker on the power supplier side are generated.

このように、従来、電流制限装置の定格電流値の変更は、新規の電流制限装置に交換する必要があったり、需要家の立ち合いが必要であったり、電力供給者の作業者の作業工数が必要であるなど、必要以上の手間と費用負担が生じるという問題がある。   Thus, conventionally, the change of the rated current value of the current limiting device has to be replaced with a new current limiting device, needs to be attended by the customer, or the work manpower of the operator of the power supplier There is a problem that it takes more time and costs than necessary.

本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、電流制限装置における定格電流値を、需要家や電力供給者の手間を要することなく、遠隔操作で容易に設定変更できるようにした配電システムを提供することを目的とする。また、この配電システムに用いる電流制限装置を提供することをも目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a power distribution system in which the rated current value in a current limiting device can be easily changed by remote operation without requiring the effort of a consumer or a power supplier. The purpose is to provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a current limiting device for use in this power distribution system.

上記目的を達成するために本発明は、電力供給者と需要家との間の電路に挿入されて電力使用量を計測する電力計器と、当該電力計器からの電路が接続され、需要家内で電力を分配する分電盤と、を備える配電システムであって、前記分電盤内には、電路を流れる電流を制限する電流制限装置が設けられ、当該電流制限装置は、電路の電圧相を流れる電流のベクトル和が所定の定格電流値を超えたことを検出する過電流検出部と、前記電力計器と通信するための通信部と、前記通信部を介して取得した設定信号に基づいて前記所定の定格電流値を変更可能に設定する演算部と、を備えることを特徴とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is connected to a power meter that is inserted in a power circuit between a power supplier and a consumer and measures power consumption, and a power circuit from the power meter is connected. A distribution board comprising: a distribution board that distributes the current distribution board, wherein the distribution board is provided with a current limiting device that limits a current flowing through the electric circuit, and the current limiting device flows through a voltage phase of the electric circuit. An overcurrent detection unit that detects that a vector sum of currents exceeds a predetermined rated current value, a communication unit for communicating with the power meter, and the predetermined signal based on a setting signal acquired via the communication unit And an arithmetic unit for setting the rated current value of the variable current value to be changeable.

この配電システムにおいて、前記電流制限装置は、前記過電流検出部において前記所定の定格電流値を超えたことを検出した時に、外部の遮断器に対して遮断信号を送出する信号送出部をさらに備えることが好ましい。   In this distribution system, the current limiting device further includes a signal sending unit that sends a cut-off signal to an external circuit breaker when the overcurrent detection unit detects that the predetermined rated current value is exceeded. It is preferable.

この配電システムにおいて、前記信号送出部は、前記演算部からの指令に基づいて、主幹遮断器に遮断信号を送出することが好ましい。   In this power distribution system, it is preferable that the signal sending unit sends a cut-off signal to the main circuit breaker based on a command from the calculation unit.

この配電システムにおいて、前記電流制限装置は、計時部をさらに備え、前記信号送出部は、前記演算部からの指令に基づいて、所定の分岐遮断器に対して優先的に遮断信号を送出し、前記計時部において計時される一定時間経過後においても電流の減少量が不足する場合、主幹遮断器に対して遮断信号を送出することが好ましい。   In this power distribution system, the current limiting device further includes a timing unit, and the signal sending unit sends a cutoff signal preferentially to a predetermined branch breaker based on a command from the calculation unit, In the case where the amount of decrease in current is insufficient even after the lapse of a fixed time measured by the time measuring unit, it is preferable to send a cutoff signal to the main circuit breaker.

この配電システムにおいて、前記遮断器は、リレー装置を内蔵していることが好ましい。   In this power distribution system, the circuit breaker preferably includes a relay device.

この配電システムにおいて、前記通信部は、有線通信、無線通信、又は電力線通信のいずれかを行うことが好ましい。   In this power distribution system, the communication unit preferably performs any one of wired communication, wireless communication, and power line communication.

この配電システムにおいて、前記電流制限装置は、分岐遮断器と同一モジュールとなるように構成されることが好ましい。   In this power distribution system, the current limiting device is preferably configured to be the same module as the branch breaker.

また、本発明は、上記配電システムに用いられる電流制限装置であることを特徴とする。   In addition, the present invention is a current limiting device used in the power distribution system.

本発明に係る配電システムによれば、電流制限装置に備わる通信部が、分電盤外部の電力計器から、所定の定格電流値に設定変更するための設定信号を受信し、当該定格電流値を変更可能に設定される。このため、本発明では、電流制限装置における定格電流値を、需要家や電力供給者の手間を要することなく、遠隔操作で容易に設定変更できる。   According to the power distribution system of the present invention, the communication unit provided in the current limiting device receives a setting signal for changing the setting to a predetermined rated current value from the power meter outside the distribution board, and the rated current value is received. Set to changeable. For this reason, in the present invention, it is possible to easily change the setting of the rated current value in the current limiting device by remote operation without requiring the effort of the customer or the power supplier.

本発明の実施の形態に係る配電システムの全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention. （ａ）同上配電システムに備わる電流制限装置の外観図、（ｂ）前記電流制限装置の機能ブロック図である。(A) It is an external view of the current limiting device with which a power distribution system same as the above is provided, (b) It is a functional block diagram of the said current limiting device. 前記実施の形態の変形例２に係る配電システムの全体構成図である。It is a whole block diagram of the power distribution system which concerns on the modification 2 of the said embodiment. 従来の分電盤の全体構成図である。It is a whole block diagram of the conventional distribution board. 同上分電盤に備わる電流制限装置の機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram of the current limiting device with which the distribution board same as the above is provided.

（実施の形態）
本発明の実施の形態に係る配電システムについて図面を参照して説明する。図１に示すように、配電システム１は、電力計器２及び分電盤３を備える。 (Embodiment)
A power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the power distribution system 1 includes a power meter 2 and a distribution board 3.

電力計器２は、電力供給者Ｓと需要家との間の電路に挿入されて電力使用量を計測する装置であり、需要家への計量課金などのために設置される。この電力計器２は、電力網全体の信頼性・効率性を高めるスマートグリッドと称する技術では、スマートメータとして知られており、例えば、電力供給者Ｓや需要家の需給バランスに応じて需要家の電力使用量を最適化するデマンド・レスポンスなどを実現する際に用いられる。   The power meter 2 is a device that is inserted into an electrical path between the power supplier S and the consumer and measures the amount of power used, and is installed for metering the consumer. The power meter 2 is known as a smart meter in a technology called a smart grid that enhances the reliability and efficiency of the entire power network. It is used to realize demand response that optimizes usage.

電力計器２は、図１に示すように、電力供給者Ｓと広域通信や電力線通信（ＰＬＣ：Power Line Communication）を介して双方向通信で接続されている。電力供給者Ｓは、電力計器２の検針値を遠隔監視でき、電力の不正使用が起きた場合などに速やかに電力供給を遮断できるように制御する遠隔開閉機能を有している。なお、本実施の形態では、電力計器２は電路を直接遮断する機能を有しておらず、過電流が検出されても電路の遮断は分電盤３内の遮断器で安全かつ適切に行われることを前提としている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the power meter 2 is connected to the power supplier S through two-way communication via wide area communication or power line communication (PLC). The electric power supplier S can remotely monitor the meter reading value of the electric power meter 2 and has a remote opening / closing function for controlling the electric power supply so that it can be quickly cut off when the electric power is illegally used. In the present embodiment, the power meter 2 does not have a function of directly interrupting the electric circuit, and even if an overcurrent is detected, the electric circuit is interrupted safely and appropriately by the circuit breaker in the distribution board 3. It is assumed that

分電盤３は、電力計器２からの電路が接続され、電力供給者Ｓから供給される電力を需要家内で分配する機能を有しており、本実施の形態では、電流制限装置４、漏電遮断器５、及び分岐ブレーカ６を備えている。分電盤３の１次側電路には、電流制限装置４と漏電遮断器５とが直接接続されて配設され、漏電遮断器５の負荷側端子に分岐ブレーカ６が接続されて配設されている。電流制限装置４の電源側端子には、１次側電路の単相３線式などの電源側電線が接続される。電流制限装置４と漏電遮断器５との間は、電流制限装置４の負荷側端子と漏電遮断器５の電源側端子とが１次側電路の電線によって接続されている。   The distribution board 3 is connected to the electric circuit from the power meter 2 and has a function of distributing the electric power supplied from the electric power supplier S within the consumer. In the present embodiment, the current limiting device 4, the electric leakage A circuit breaker 5 and a branch breaker 6 are provided. A current limiter 4 and a leakage breaker 5 are directly connected to the primary circuit of the distribution board 3 and a branch breaker 6 is connected to the load side terminal of the leakage breaker 5. ing. The power supply side terminal of the current limiting device 4 is connected to a power supply side electric wire such as a single-phase three-wire system of the primary side electric circuit. Between the current limiting device 4 and the earth leakage breaker 5, the load side terminal of the current limiting device 4 and the power source side terminal of the earth leakage breaker 5 are connected by the electric wire of the primary side electric circuit.

ここで、電流制限装置４と漏電遮断器５とが主幹遮断器を構成している。なお、図１に示す電流制限装置４における「４０Ａ」、漏電遮断器５における「５０Ａ」は、それぞれ遮断動作を行う定格電流値の例を示したものである。   Here, the current limiting device 4 and the earth leakage circuit breaker 5 constitute a main circuit breaker. Note that “40A” in the current limiting device 4 shown in FIG. 1 and “50A” in the leakage breaker 5 show examples of rated current values at which the breaking operation is performed.

電流制限装置４は、電路に流れる電流を制限するために、所定の上限値としての定格電流値を超える電流が流れていることを検出するものである。この電流制限装置４は、例えば、電力供給会社との契約等に基づき、所定以上の電力利用を制限するために設けられる。電流制限装置４は、定格電流値を超える電流を検出した場合に、遮断信号（引き外し信号などとも言う）を、信号線７を介して外部の漏電遮断器５に対して出力する。また、電流制限装置４は、他の信号線（図示せず）を介して特定の分岐ブレーカ６に対して遮断信号を出力することもできる。   The current limiting device 4 detects that a current exceeding a rated current value as a predetermined upper limit value flows in order to limit the current flowing in the electric circuit. The current limiting device 4 is provided to limit the use of power above a predetermined level based on, for example, a contract with a power supply company. When the current limiting device 4 detects a current exceeding the rated current value, the current limiting device 4 outputs a cutoff signal (also referred to as a trip signal) to the external leakage breaker 5 via the signal line 7. Moreover, the current limiting device 4 can also output a cut-off signal to a specific branch breaker 6 via another signal line (not shown).

漏電遮断器５は、電流検出素子と引き外し装置とを備え、電路において所定以上の漏電電流を検出した場合に引き外し装置を動作させて遮断動作（トリップ動作など）を行う。また、漏電遮断器５は、電流制限装置４によって定格電流値を超える電流が検出されて遮断信号が出力され、外部端子がこの遮断信号を受信した場合に、引き外し装置を動作させて遮断動作を行い、負荷側端子への電力供給を遮断する。   The earth leakage breaker 5 includes a current detection element and a tripping device, and when a leakage current exceeding a predetermined value is detected in the electric circuit, the tripping device is operated to perform a breaking operation (such as a trip operation). The earth leakage circuit breaker 5 operates when the trip device is operated when the current limiting device 4 detects a current exceeding the rated current value and outputs a breaking signal, and the external terminal receives this breaking signal. To cut off the power supply to the load side terminal.

分岐ブレーカ６は、複数の引き外し装置が並列に配置されて構成され、複数に分岐された分岐回路の各電路の導通、遮断動作を行う。なお、図示してはいないが、各分岐回路には照明器具やパソコンのほか、空調機器やＩＨ機器などの様々な負荷が接続されている。   The branch breaker 6 is configured by arranging a plurality of tripping devices in parallel, and conducts and cuts off each electric circuit of the branch circuit branched into a plurality. Although not shown, each branch circuit is connected to various loads such as a lighting device and a personal computer, as well as an air conditioner and an IH device.

次に、電流制限装置４の内部構成に関して図２を参照して説明する。電流制限装置４は、電流検出素子４４、演算回路４５、過電流検出部４６、通信部４７、出力用リレー４８、電源回路４９、信号出力端子５０、信号線５１、遮断信号送出部５２、表示部５３、及び計時部５４を備えている。   Next, the internal configuration of the current limiting device 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The current limiting device 4 includes a current detection element 44, an arithmetic circuit 45, an overcurrent detection unit 46, a communication unit 47, an output relay 48, a power circuit 49, a signal output terminal 50, a signal line 51, a cutoff signal transmission unit 52, a display. A unit 53 and a time measuring unit 54 are provided.

電流制限装置４は、絶縁材料からなる器体により構成される。この電流制限装置４は、電圧相（Ｌ１相）、電圧相（Ｌ２相）、中性相を持つ三相の電路に対応して、電路に対して直列接続するための２つの端子部として、電源側端子４１ａ，４１ｂ，４１ｃ及び負荷側端子４２ａ，４２ｂ，４２ｃが設けられている。これらの電源側端子４１ａ，４１ｂ，４１ｃと負荷側端子４２ａ，４２ｂ，４２ｃとは、相別に設けられた導体４３ａ，４３ｂ，４３ｃにより電気的に接続されている。電圧相（Ｌ１相及びＬ２相）に接続される導体４３ａ，４３ｂのそれぞれには、電路の電圧相別の電流を検知する電流検知部として、各導体を流れる電流を検出する変流器（ＣＴ）等からなる電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂが設けられている。   The current limiting device 4 is configured by a container made of an insulating material. This current limiting device 4 corresponds to a three-phase electric circuit having a voltage phase (L1 phase), a voltage phase (L2 phase), and a neutral phase, as two terminal portions for connecting in series to the electric circuit, Power supply side terminals 41a, 41b, 41c and load side terminals 42a, 42b, 42c are provided. These power supply side terminals 41a, 41b, 41c and the load side terminals 42a, 42b, 42c are electrically connected by conductors 43a, 43b, 43c provided separately. Each of the conductors 43a and 43b connected to the voltage phase (L1 phase and L2 phase) has a current detector (CT) that detects a current flowing through each conductor as a current detection unit that detects a current for each voltage phase of the electric circuit. ) Etc., current detection elements 44a and 44b are provided.

電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂは、演算処理部としての演算回路４５に接続され、電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂの出力信号が演算回路４５に入力されて演算処理される。演算回路４５は、電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂの出力を用いて比較演算を行い、電圧相に接続される２つの導体４３ａ，４３ｂを流れる電流の合計（ベクトル和）が所定の上限値（定格電流値）を超えたことを検出する。過電流検出部４６は、これらの電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂ及び演算回路４５が電磁力に基づくメカニカルな動作により過電流を検出する。   The current detection elements 44a and 44b are connected to an arithmetic circuit 45 serving as an arithmetic processing unit, and output signals from the current detection elements 44a and 44b are input to the arithmetic circuit 45 for arithmetic processing. The arithmetic circuit 45 performs a comparison operation using the outputs of the current detection elements 44a and 44b, and the sum (vector sum) of the currents flowing through the two conductors 43a and 43b connected to the voltage phase is a predetermined upper limit value (rated current). ) Is exceeded. In the overcurrent detection unit 46, the current detection elements 44a and 44b and the arithmetic circuit 45 detect an overcurrent by a mechanical operation based on an electromagnetic force.

通信部４７は、外部に設置された電力計器２と通信する機能を有し、電力計器２から取得された設定信号に基づいて、演算回路４５において過電流を算出する際に閾値となる定格電流値Ｉthを変更可能に設定する上限値設定部としての機能を有する。 The communication unit 47 has a function of communicating with the power meter 2 installed outside, and based on the setting signal acquired from the power meter 2, a rated current that becomes a threshold when calculating the overcurrent in the arithmetic circuit 45 It has a function as an upper limit value setting unit that sets the value I th changeably.

電力計器２と通信部４７との間の通信には、有線通信、近距離無線通信（ZigBee（商標）など）、電力線を流れる電気信号に情報信号を重ねて高速通信を実現する電力線通信（ＰＬＣ）などが挙げられる。通信部４７は、通信環境に最適の通信手段を選択することで、通信接続性能を向上することができ、また、特別な装置部材が必要なく、安価に電力計器２と電流制限装置４との間の双方向通信を実現する。   Communication between the power meter 2 and the communication unit 47 includes wired communication, short-range wireless communication (such as ZigBee (trademark)), and power line communication (PLC) that realizes high-speed communication by superimposing an information signal on an electric signal flowing through the power line. ) And the like. The communication unit 47 can improve communication connection performance by selecting a communication means that is optimal for the communication environment, and does not require a special device member, so that the power meter 2 and the current limiting device 4 can be inexpensively connected. Two-way communication between the two.

演算回路４５は、通信部４７において設定された定格電流値Ｉthに基づいて、漏電遮断器５に対する遮断信号を送出する。すなわち、演算回路４５は、電流検出素子４４ａ，４４ｂより出力される検出電流値Ｉ1，Ｉ2を演算処理により合計し、全ての電路の検出電流値の合計と定格電流値Ｉthとを比較して、検出電流値が定格電流値Ｉthを超えるかどうかを判断する。具体的には、演算回路４５は、Ｉ1＋Ｉ2＞Ｉthとなった場合に、出力用リレー４８を動作させる駆動信号を出力する。 The arithmetic circuit 45 sends an interruption signal to the earth leakage breaker 5 based on the rated current value I th set in the communication unit 47. That is, the arithmetic circuit 45 sums the detected current values I 1 and I 2 output from the current detecting elements 44a and 44b by arithmetic processing, and compares the sum of the detected current values of all the electric paths with the rated current value I th. and, the detected current value to determine whether more than the rated current value I th. Specifically, the arithmetic circuit 45 outputs a drive signal for operating the output relay 48 when I 1 + I 2 > I th .

出力用リレー４８は、演算回路４５からの駆動信号に基づき、接点をオンして信号を信号出力端子５０へ出力する。出力用リレー４８の接点が閉じてオンすると、電源回路４９からの電圧が信号出力端子５０に印加され、信号出力端子５０から遮断信号として信号線５１に出力される。本実施の形態において、遮断信号を送出するための出力用リレー４８は複数設けられ、漏電遮断器５及び任意の分岐ブレーカ６を制御することができる。なお、これら出力用リレー４８、電源回路４９、信号出力端子５０、及び信号線５１によって遮断信号送出部５２が構成される。   Based on the drive signal from the arithmetic circuit 45, the output relay 48 turns on the contact and outputs a signal to the signal output terminal 50. When the contact of the output relay 48 is closed and turned on, the voltage from the power supply circuit 49 is applied to the signal output terminal 50 and is output from the signal output terminal 50 to the signal line 51 as a cutoff signal. In the present embodiment, a plurality of output relays 48 for sending a cut-off signal are provided, and the leakage breaker 5 and any branch breaker 6 can be controlled. The output relay 48, the power supply circuit 49, the signal output terminal 50, and the signal line 51 constitute a cutoff signal transmission unit 52.

電源回路４９は、入力端が導体４３ａ，４３ｂ，４３ｃに接続されており、電路からの電源供給を受けて所定の電源電圧を演算回路４５及び出力用リレー４８に供給する。   The power supply circuit 49 has an input terminal connected to the conductors 43a, 43b, and 43c, and receives a power supply from the electric circuit to supply a predetermined power supply voltage to the arithmetic circuit 45 and the output relay 48.

表示部５３は、電流制限装置４の操作面に設けられたＬＥＤ等の発光素子、表示灯などから構成される。表示部５３は、通信部４７において電力計器２からの定格電流値の設定信号を受信した場合や、演算回路４５の演算処理結果により過電流を検出して遮断信号を出力した場合に、図２（ａ）に示すような発光表示を行う。演算回路４５は、出力用リレー４８に駆動信号を出力すると同時に、表示部５３に表示信号として電源を供給し、表示部５３を発光させる。このことで使用者に対して電流制限装置４の動作を通知することができる。   The display unit 53 includes a light emitting element such as an LED provided on the operation surface of the current limiting device 4, a display lamp, and the like. When the communication unit 47 receives the setting signal of the rated current value from the power meter 2 or when the display unit 53 detects an overcurrent based on the calculation processing result of the calculation circuit 45 and outputs a cutoff signal, FIG. A light emitting display as shown in FIG. The arithmetic circuit 45 outputs a drive signal to the output relay 48 and simultaneously supplies power as a display signal to the display unit 53 to cause the display unit 53 to emit light. Thus, the operation of the current limiting device 4 can be notified to the user.

計時部５４は、ＣＰＵからのクロック数などに基づく計時機能を有している。遮断信号送出部５２は、演算回路４５からの制御に基づいて、例えばエアコンなど消費電力の大きい負荷が接続された特定の分岐ブレーカ６に対して遮断信号を優先的に送出する機能を有する。次に、遮断信号送出部５２は、計時部５４において計時された一定時間の経過後においても電流の減少量が不足している場合、演算回路４５からの制御に基づいて、主幹遮断器である漏電遮断器５の遮断制御を行う。このように、電流制限装置４は、特定の分岐ブレーカ６を先に遮断し、一定の時間経過後に漏電遮断器５の遮断を行うことができる。このため、分岐ブレーカ６の遮断のみで定格電流値を下回るようになる場合には主幹遮断器を遮断する必要性がなくなり、全停電になるといった需要家の不便を回避できる。   The timer 54 has a timer function based on the number of clocks from the CPU. Based on the control from the arithmetic circuit 45, the shut-off signal sending unit 52 has a function of preferentially sending a shut-off signal to a specific branch breaker 6 connected to a load with high power consumption such as an air conditioner. Next, the interruption signal sending unit 52 is a main circuit breaker based on the control from the arithmetic circuit 45 when the amount of decrease in current is insufficient even after the lapse of a fixed time counted by the timing unit 54. The interruption control of the earth leakage breaker 5 is performed. In this way, the current limiting device 4 can shut off the leakage breaker 5 after a certain time has elapsed by shutting off the specific branch breaker 6 first. For this reason, when it becomes less than a rated current value only by the interruption | blocking of the branch breaker 6, the necessity of interrupting | blocking a main circuit breaker is lose | eliminated, and the inconvenience of consumers, such as becoming a total power failure, can be avoided.

以上のように、本実施の形態に係る配電システム１では、電力計器２から通信部４７が受信した設定信号に応じて電流制限装置４の定格電流値を容易に設定変更できる。このため、電流制限装置４の定格電流値の契約変更時においても、当該定格電流値を、需要家の敷地外から、電力供給者Ｓの作業者の作業工数や、需要家の立ち合いなしで容易に遠隔制御できる。また、電流制限装置４は、複数の定格電流値を変更可能に設定できるため、電流制限装置４の定格電流値の契約変更時においても、別の新たな電流制限装置４と交換する必要がなくなり、管理費用の低減が図れる。   As described above, in the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, the rated current value of the current limiting device 4 can be easily changed according to the setting signal received by the communication unit 47 from the power meter 2. For this reason, even when the contract of the rated current value of the current limiting device 4 is changed, the rated current value can be easily obtained from outside the customer's premises without the work man-hours of the operator of the power supplier S and the customer's participation. Can be remotely controlled. Moreover, since the current limiting device 4 can be set so that a plurality of rated current values can be changed, even when the contract of the rated current value of the current limiting device 4 is changed, there is no need to replace it with another new current limiting device 4. Management costs can be reduced.

（変形例１）
本実施の形態の変形例１について説明する。本変形例１では、遮断機能を有する漏電遮断器５及び分岐ブレーカ６がリレー装置を有している。このリレー装置の機構により、過電流が検出されて漏電遮断器５及び分岐ブレーカ６の何れかの回路が遮断された場合においても、一旦負荷電流を低減させた後に、電流制限装置４から送信する指令信号によって、回路を復帰することができる。従って、本変形例１では、上記実施の形態の効果に加えて、さらに、需要家の手間を省くことができる。なお、リレー装置を用いて電流を復帰されるタイミングに関しては、需要家に対する影響が少なくなる所定のアルゴリズム（特開２０１０−１４８１６５号公報など参照）を用いれば良い。 (Modification 1)
A first modification of the present embodiment will be described. In the first modification, the earth leakage breaker 5 and the branch breaker 6 having a breaking function have a relay device. Even when one of the circuit breaker 5 and the branch breaker 6 is cut off by detecting the overcurrent by the mechanism of the relay device, the load current is once reduced and then transmitted from the current limiting device 4. The circuit can be restored by the command signal. Therefore, in the first modification, in addition to the effects of the above-described embodiment, it is possible to further save the labor of the customer. It should be noted that a predetermined algorithm (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-148165 or the like) that reduces the influence on the consumer may be used for the timing of returning the current using the relay device.

（変形例２）
本実施の形態の変形例２について、図３を参照して説明する。本変形例２では、図３に示すように、電流制限装置４は、分岐ブレーカ６と同一モジュールとなるように構成される。この構成により、本変形例２では、分岐ブレーカ６を設置する位置に電流制限装置４を配置固定することができ、特別な固定部材を用意することなく配電システム１を構成でき、安価となる。また、分電盤３内の電流制限装置４を設置するためのスペースを省略できるため、より一層の小型化を図ることができる。 (Modification 2)
A second modification of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the second modification, the current limiting device 4 is configured to be the same module as the branch breaker 6 as shown in FIG. With this configuration, in the second modification, the current limiting device 4 can be arranged and fixed at the position where the branch breaker 6 is installed, and the power distribution system 1 can be configured without preparing a special fixing member, which is inexpensive. Moreover, since the space for installing the current limiting device 4 in the distribution board 3 can be omitted, further downsizing can be achieved.

なお、本発明は、上記実施の形態の構成に限られず、発明の趣旨を変更しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。例えば、電流制限装置４が電路遮断部を有し、過電流検出部４６において定格電流値を超える過電流が検出された場合に、電流制限装置４が自身の特定電路を引き外して電路遮断を行うことも考えられる。   The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, when the current limiting device 4 has a circuit breaker, and the overcurrent detection unit 46 detects an overcurrent exceeding the rated current value, the current limiter 4 disconnects its specific circuit and interrupts the circuit. It is possible to do it.

１ 配電システム
２ 電力計器
３ 分電盤
４ 電流制限装置
４１ａ，４１ｂ，４１ｃ 電源側端子
４２ａ，４２ｂ，４２ｃ 負荷側端子
４３ａ，４３ｂ，４３ｃ 導体
４４，４４ａ，４４ｂ 電流検出素子
４５ 演算回路（演算部）
４６ 過電流検出部
４７ 通信部
４８ 出力用リレー
４９ 電源回路
５０ 信号出力端子
５１ 信号線
５２ 遮断信号送出部（信号送出部）
５３ 表示部
５４ 計時部
５ 漏電遮断器（主幹遮断器）
６ 分岐ブレーカ（分岐遮断器）
７ 信号線
Ｓ 電力供給者 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power distribution system 2 Power meter 3 Distribution board 4 Current limiter 41a, 41b, 41c Power supply side terminal 42a, 42b, 42c Load side terminal 43a, 43b, 43c Conductor 44, 44a, 44b Current detection element 45 Calculation circuit (calculation part) )
46 Overcurrent detection unit 47 Communication unit 48 Output relay 49 Power supply circuit 50 Signal output terminal 51 Signal line 52 Cut off signal transmission unit (signal transmission unit)
53 Display unit 54 Timekeeping unit 5 Earth leakage breaker (main circuit breaker)
6 Branch breaker (branch breaker)
7 Signal line S Electric power supplier

Claims (8)

電力供給者と需要家との間の電路に挿入されて電力使用量を計測する電力計器と、当該電力計器からの電路が接続され、需要家内で電力を分配する分電盤と、を備える配電システムであって、
前記分電盤内には、電路を流れる電流を制限する電流制限装置が設けられ、
当該電流制限装置は、電路の電圧相を流れる電流のベクトル和が所定の定格電流値を超えたことを検出する過電流検出部と、前記電力計器と通信するための通信部と、前記通信部を介して取得した設定信号に基づいて前記所定の定格電流値を変更可能に設定する演算部と、を備えることを特徴とする配電システム。 A power distribution device that includes a power meter that is inserted into a power circuit between a power supplier and a consumer to measure power usage, and a distribution board that is connected to the power circuit from the power meter and distributes power within the consumer. A system,
In the distribution board, a current limiting device for limiting the current flowing through the electric circuit is provided,
The current limiting device includes an overcurrent detection unit that detects that a vector sum of currents flowing through a voltage phase of an electric circuit exceeds a predetermined rated current value, a communication unit for communicating with the power meter, and the communication unit A power distribution system comprising: an arithmetic unit configured to set the predetermined rated current value so as to be changeable based on a setting signal acquired via the power distribution system. 前記電流制限装置は、前記過電流検出部において前記所定の定格電流値を超えたことを検出した時に、外部の遮断器に対して遮断信号を送出する信号送出部をさらに備える、ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の配電システム。   The current limiting device further includes a signal sending unit that sends a cut-off signal to an external circuit breaker when the overcurrent detection unit detects that the predetermined rated current value is exceeded. The power distribution system according to claim 1. 前記信号送出部は、前記演算部からの指令に基づいて、主幹遮断器に遮断信号を送出する、ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の配電システム。   The power distribution system according to claim 2, wherein the signal sending unit sends a cut-off signal to the main circuit breaker based on a command from the calculation unit. 前記電流制限装置は、計時部をさらに備え、
前記信号送出部は、前記演算部からの指令に基づいて、所定の分岐遮断器に対して優先的に遮断信号を送出し、前記計時部において計時される一定時間経過後においても電流の減少量が不足する場合、主幹遮断器に対して遮断信号を送出する、ことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載の配電システム。 The current limiting device further includes a timer unit,
The signal sending unit sends a cut-off signal preferentially to a predetermined branch circuit breaker based on a command from the calculation unit, and the amount of decrease in current even after a lapse of a fixed time measured by the time measuring unit. 4. The power distribution system according to claim 2, wherein when the shortage is insufficient, a cut-off signal is sent to the main circuit breaker. 前記遮断器は、リレー装置を内蔵していることを特徴とする請求項２乃至４のいずれか一項に記載の配電システム。   The power distribution system according to claim 2, wherein the circuit breaker has a built-in relay device. 前記通信部は、有線通信、無線通信、又は電力線通信のいずれかを行う、ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれか一項に記載の配電システム。   The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit performs one of wired communication, wireless communication, and power line communication. 前記電流制限装置は、分岐遮断器と同一モジュールとなるように構成される、ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至６のいずれか一項に記載の配電システム。   The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the current limiting device is configured to be the same module as the branch circuit breaker. 前記請求項１乃至７のいずれか一項に記載の配電システムに用いられる、ことを特徴とする電流制限装置。   A current limiting device used in the power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
JP2013055862A 2013-03-19 2013-03-19 Power distribution system and current-limiting device Pending JP2014183637A (en)

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