JP2004153963A

JP2004153963A - Demand control electric power reception and distribution equipment

Info

Publication number: JP2004153963A
Application number: JP2002318126A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kazuyuki Kobayashi; 和幸小林; Noboru Kanzaki; 昇神崎; Susumu Sato; 佐藤　　進
Original assignee: Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc; Fuji Electric Holdings Ltd
Current assignee: Fuji Electric Co Ltd; Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc
Priority date: 2002-10-31
Filing date: 2002-10-31
Publication date: 2004-05-27

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To meet a customer's request to increase a rated capacity in a collective housing or the like without applying a change to equipment. <P>SOLUTION: The current of a main line 5 is measured by a load monitoring and control device 1, and the result of measurement is compared with the rated capacity of a circuit breaker 3 for main line protection. If the result of measurement is lower than the rated capacity of the circuit breaker, the information is transmitted to a customer's home panel 2 through a communicating means 1a so that the rated capacity of the circuit breaker can be enhanced at the home panel. If the current of the main line is close to the rated capacity of the circuit breaker, the information is transmitted. Then, the capacity of the circuit breaker is controlled to the rated capacity at the home panel. Thus, the rated capacity can be enhanced without cutting off the circuit breaker for main line protection. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、マンション等の集合住宅におけるデマンドコントロール受配電設備に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、マンション等の集合住宅において受配電の機器（ホームパネル・主幹ブレーカ・主幹電線）よりなる配電系統の設置設計に当たっては、主幹電線につながる戸数（Ｋ）とそのホームパネルの定格電流（ＩＫ）と系統内での総合需要率（Ｎ）より、（Ｋ×ＩＫ×Ｎ）の計算式を基に主幹ブレーカ容量と主幹電線の容量を選定する機器配置が行われていた。
施設（主幹ブレーカ容量と主幹電線の太さ）の変更以外の従来技術として、容量アップしたい需要家のホームパネルをピークカット分電盤とし、需要家内の定格容量を上げずに需要家内で容量分配制御を行ってもらい、主幹ブレーカに対する影響を排除する方法がある（例えば、非特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
または、ビルや各家庭等で消費電力が最大設定値を越えた場合に、インバータの出力周波数を低減させて電力需要を平準化する技術（例えば、特許文献１参照）や、親機と複数の子機とを無線でつなぎ、親機で検出する電流が設定値を越えたら、その越えた割合に応じて子機のデマンド処理順序を決める技術（例えば、非特許文献２参照）などが提案されている。
【０００４】
【非特許文献１】
「おしらせぷらすばん（ピークカット機能付）」、盤・盤用機器，電設システム’９８−’９９、松下電工（株）１９９８年発行、ｐ．５２２−５２３
【特許文献１】
特開平０８−０７９９７２号公報（第２頁、図１）
【非特許文献２】
「デマンドコントロールシステム」東芝技術公開集、Ｖｏｌ．１６−９、１９９８−２−１９、（株）東芝発行、ｐ．２３−２５
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような系統設計による集合住宅で、受電される需要家が全電化等の要求によりホームパネルの定格容量を上げたいという要望が発生した場合、単純にその需要家の定格容量をアップすると、需要家の電力需要率によっては主幹ブレーカの定格容量に達して主幹ブレーカ遮断を引き起こし、接続されている需要家全体に停電障害を引き起こす。
そのため施設（主幹ブレーカ容量と主幹電線の太さ）の変更なしにその要望に答えることができないといった問題（課題）があった。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような課題を解決するために、
主幹電線上の電流を計測する負荷監視制御装置を備え、
上記負荷監視制御装置は、実測した主幹電流上の電流実測値と主幹ブレーカの定格容量とを比較し、主幹ブレーカの定格容量値に近い閾（しきい）値（ｎ１）以上になった場合は、内蔵の電力線搬送伝送装置より下位定格運転指示を系統に接続されているホームパネル分電盤に伝送指示する。
一方、負荷監視制御装置は、主幹ブレーカの定格容量値より余裕のある閾値（ｎ２）以下になった場合は、付属の電力線搬送伝送装置より上位定格運転指示を系統に接続されているホームパネル分電盤に伝送指示する。
ホームパネル分電盤上にはホームパネルの電流監視回路と電力線搬送伝送装置が備えられており、
上記の負荷監視制御装置より下位定格運転指示を受信した場合は、ホームパネルの電流監視回路によるホームパネルの使用電流値と比較して、その電流値が下位定格値以上である場合は遮断指令をホームパネルの主幹ブレーカに与えて遮断制御を行う。
一方上記負荷監視制御装置より上位定格運転指示を受信した場合は、ホームパネルの電流監視回路によるホームパネルの使用電流値と比較して、その電流値が上位定格値以上である場合は遮断指令を、ホームパネルの主幹ブレーカに与えて遮断制御を行う。
【０００７】
上位定格値における遮断制御を、ホームパネル上の主幹ブレーカを上位定格用の単独ブレーカとし、上位定格以上の過電流領域では伝送指示の有無に関わらずブレーカの単体機能で自己完結で遮断を行い、下位定格値の伝送指示発生時のみ、ホームパネルの電流監視回路よりブレーカに接点入力等で遮断指示を与えるよう、ホームパネルの電流監視回路は単独ブレーカの付属装置とする構成にしてもよい。
上記のように、系統の主幹電線に流れる状況に合わせて、ホームパネル上のブレーカの定格容量を結果として制御するので、需要家の定格容量アップ要求を施設（主幹ブレーカおよび主幹電線）の変更なしに行えることができ、かつ需要家の定格容量アップの影響による主幹電線用ブレーカの遮断といった弊害も防止できる。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１にこの発明のシステム構成図を示し、この発明の適用分野である、集合住宅のイメージ図と、受配電系統の概略図を示す。
図２に、本発明の内部機器構成を示す。負荷監視制御装置１は、通信ユニット１ａと負荷監視制御回路１ｂより構成される。
一方、ホームパネル２はブレーカ２ａと上記ブレーカ２ａの負荷側に接続されホームパネルの電流を監視する電流監視回路２ｃと電力線搬送方式の通信ユニット２ｂと４個の分岐ブレーカ２ｄ１〜２ｄ４とから構成される。需要家の負荷は、この分岐ブレーカ２ｄ１〜２ｄ４にそれぞれ負荷４ａ〜４ｄが接続され、需要家内に電力を供給する。
図８に従来の機器構成を示す。図２と図８とを比較すれば明らかなように、この発明は従来の機器構成に対し、主幹線路５に負荷監視制御装置１とホームパネル上に通信ユニット２ｂと電流監視回路２ｃとを新たに追加したもので、追加工事可能な構成となっている点が特徴である。
【０００９】
図３は負荷監視制御装置の制御動作を示すフローチャート、図４はホームパネルの制御動作を示すフローチャートである。まず、負荷監視制御装置での制御動作について、図２，図３を参照して説明する。
ステップＳＴ１では、主幹線路５の電流Ｉｘを負荷監視制御回路１ｂにて計測する。その結果を現在の伝送指示状態にて以下の２ルートに分ける（ＳＴ２）。なお、電源投入のイニシャル時は「下位定格で伝送指示中」とする。
Ｃａｓｅ１：上位定格伝送指示状態では、
施設されている主幹ブレーカ容量（ＩＢＫ：予め分かっている既定値で、制御装置内メモリーに記憶されている）とステップＳＴ１で測定した主幹線路５の電流Ｉｘとを比較する。比較の際、閾値変数として０．９を主幹ブレーカ容量に掛けた値と比較する（ＳＴ３）
比較の結果、主幹線路５の電流が上記０．９倍の主幹ブレーカ容量以上の場合、下位定格に変更の伝送指示を通信ユニット（図２の１ａ）より系統に接続されているホームパネル全体に行う（ＳＴ４）。以下、現在の制御状態の記憶として「下位定格伝送指示中」を記憶し（ＳＴ５）、以下ＳＴ１の制御にもどる。
上記、比較の結果、主幹線路の電流が上記０．９倍の主幹ブレーカ容量未満の場合、伝送指示なしにＳＴ１の制御にもどる。
【００１０】
Ｃａｓｅ２：下位定格伝送指示状態では、
施設されている主幹ブレーカ容量（ＩＢＫ：予め分かっている既定値で、制御装置内メモリーに記憶されている）とステップＳＴ１で測定した主幹線路の電流Ｉｘとを比較する。比較の際、閾値変数として０．７を主幹ブレーカ容量に掛けた値と比較する（ＳＴ６）。
比較の結果、主幹線路の電流が上記０．７倍の主幹ブレーカ容量以下の場合、上位定格に変更の伝送指示を通信ユニット１ａより系統に接続されているホームパネル全体に行う（ＳＴ７）。以下、現在の制御状態の記憶として「上位定格伝送指示中」を記憶し（ＳＴ８）、以下ＳＴ１の制御にもどる。
比較の結果、上記以外は伝送指示をせずにＳＴ１の制御にもどる。
上記実施例で、閾値変数を０．９と０．７とすることで定格切り替え判断に幅を持たせ、総合需要率の微小変化ですぐに定格変更を行わない制御構成としている。
【００１１】
図２，図４を参照してホームパネルでの制御手順例について説明する。
ホームパネル２の負荷電流ＩＰｘを電流監視回路２ｃで計測する（ＳＴ１１）。
伝送にて送られてきた最新の定格指示状態（上位定格：ＩＨＩＧＨ，下位定格：ＩＬＯＷ）とによって以下の２通りに制御を分ける（ＳＴ１３）。なお、最新の定格指示状態は付属の通信ユニット２ｂより電流監視回路２ｃに送られている。
Ｃａｓｅ１：定格指示状態が上位定格：ＩＨＩＧＨの場合
電流監視回路２ｃは、ＳＴ１１で計測したホームパネル２の負荷電流が上位定格電流以上の場合（ＳＴ１４）は、遮断制御を行う（ＳＴ１５）。
その制御方法は、ホームパネル上のブレーカ２ａの定格電流が上位定格であれば、この遮断制御はブレーカ単独で行われ、電流監視回路２ｃの機能によらない単独制御とし、電流監視回路２ｃはなんら制御は行わないものとする。ホームパネル上のブレーカ２ａの定格電流が上位定格でなければ、遮断信号をブレーカ２ａに送り、遮断制御をブレーカにて行う。
【００１２】
Ｃａｓｅ２：定格指示状態が下位定格：ＩＬＯＷの場合
電流監視回路２ｃは、ＳＴ１１で計測したホームパネルの負荷電流が下位定格電流以上の場合（ＳＴ１６）は、遮断制御を行う（ＳＴ１７）。
その制御方法は、ホームパネル上のブレーカ２ａに対し遮断信号を送り、遮断制御をブレーカにて行う。遮断信号の入力は通常のブレーカのオプションユニットとして一般的な電圧引きはずし装置などで用いる。
【００１３】
基本的な制御は以上の通りであるが、
伝送の信頼性確保およびホームパネルと負荷監視制御装置間の電源投入時の情報協調処理を行うことは、言うまでもなく必要であるが、ここでは、請求の範囲外であるので記述していない。
図５に本発明の１日の制御変化を主幹線路に流れる電流とともに例示する。
主幹線路に流れる電流（図５のＩｘ参照）は、以下の３タイプの需要家によって構成される。
Ａ：定格アップしている需要家の消費電流（下位定格電流以上で使用中の需要家）Ｂ：定格アップしている需要家の消費電流（下位定格電流未満で使用中の需要家）
Ｃ：定格アップしていない需要家の消費電流
図５の例では、１６時にＩｘは下位定格へ変更指示時の電流（図３でＳＴ３内ＩＢＫ×ｎ１）以上となり、下位定格伝送指示（図３のＳＴ４参照）がなされる。
その結果、図５のＧ：上位定格電流で使用中の需要家は定格変更によってホームパネル上のブレーカ２ａが遮断する。
【００１４】
上記需要家の電流はホームパネル上で遮断されるので（図５のＧ参照）、主幹線路に流れる電流はその分減少するが、「Ｄ：上位定格へ復帰指示時の電流」までは減少しないので、「上位定格へ復帰の伝送」（図３のＳＴ７参照）は発生しない。
上記の「下位定格伝送指示」によって遮断した需要家は、内部の電力負荷を下位定格電流以下まで低減し、ブレーカを再投入し通電を再開することとなる。
その消費電流を図５のＩにて示す。
図５の例では需要家全体の消費が低減し、２０時の時点で「Ｄ：上位定格へ復帰指示時の電流」以下まで減少する。これにより、上位定格へ伝送指示（図３のＳＴ７参照）がなされる。
２０時以降は、Ｇ：上位定格電流で使用中の需要家もＩｘの構成要素として加味される。なお、ホームパネル上では、ガイド表示として上位定格電流での使用が可能中・遮断原因（上位定格で遮断・下位定格で遮断）等がこの発明の構成により可能であることは明確である。
【００１５】
以上、ホームパネル上のブレーカ制御について説明したが、この発明は工場設備やビル設備における分電盤を制御する場合にも用いることが可能である。また、上記ではホームパネル上の主幹ブレーカの容量制御について説明したが、この発明はホームパネル上の電流制限器およびブレーカの制御に適用するようにしても良い。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】
本発明の効果について、図６を参照して説明する。
図６に、受配電系統の主幹ブレーカ容量と主幹電線の電線容量設計例を示す。本実施例では、主幹電線に接続の需要家数を５０戸・各需要家の契約電流を２０Ａ・総合需要率（５０戸の需要家が契約電流の総合平均で何％使用するか）を５０％とし、主幹ブレーカと主幹電線の容量の基本設計を示してある。
主幹ブレーカおよび主幹電線の容量（ＩＡ）は以下の式で算出する

これにより本例では、主幹ブレーカ容量を６００Ａ・主幹電線は６００Ａ以上の電線容量のものを用いる。
【００１７】
次に、系統内の複数の需要家が、全電化等で定格電流を５０Ａに定格アップしたい要求があった場合の、定格アップ可能戸数の算出目安を以下に記述する。
系統の基本設計の総合需要率（上記例では５０％）に対して現実的に使用される総合需要率ｎを調査する。
その結果として、
図６内の表に総合需要率ｎ毎の定格アップ可能戸数を示す。算出式は以下の通りである。

図６内の表に総合需要率２０％、３０％、４０％の場合を示してある。
【００１８】
以上のことから、上記系統内で３３戸の需要家を、２０Ａから５０Ａに定格アップした場合、この発明を適用しない場合は総合需要率が３０％以上になると主幹ブレーカが遮断し、需要家が全停電を引き起こす
これに対し、この発明によれば仮に需要率が上がったとしても総合需要率が３０％を越えると、定格アップした需要家は２０Ａに自動的に定格変更されるため、仮に定格アップした需要家が２０Ａを越える消費状況の場合はその需要家の遮断発生にとどまり、主幹ブレーカの遮断にまでは至らないので、需要家全体の全停電を引き起こすことはない。
なお、図７は主幹ブレーカ容量，各需要家の契約電流等が上記とは異なる場合の例を示し、基本的に図６と同様である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の形態を示すシステム構成図
【図２】図１に示す負荷監視制御装置とホームパネルの詳細構成図
【図３】負荷監視制御装置の制御動作を説明するフローチャート
【図４】ホームパネルの制御動作を説明するフローチャート
【図５】この発明による制御例の説明図（需要率と経時変化と制御の説明図）
【図６】この発明による効果説明図
【図７】主幹ブレーカ容量，各需要家の契約電流等が図６とは異なる場合のこの発明による効果説明図
【図８】従来の機器構成図
【符号の説明】
１…負荷監視制御装置、１ａ，２ｂ…通信ユニット、１ｂ…負荷監視制御回路、２…ホームパネル、２ａ…ブレーカ、２ｃ…電流監視回路、２ｄ１〜２ｄ４…分岐ブレーカ、３…主幹ブレーカ、４ａ〜４ｄ…負荷、５…主幹線路。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a demand control power receiving and distribution facility in an apartment house such as an apartment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an installation design of a distribution system including power receiving and distribution devices (home panel, main breaker, main power line) in an apartment house or the like, the number of homes connected to the main power line (K) and the rated current of the home panel (IK). From the total demand rate (N) in the system, the equipment arrangement for selecting the capacity of the main breaker and the capacity of the main electric wire based on the calculation formula of (K × IK × N) has been performed.
As a conventional technology other than changing the facilities (main breaker capacity and main wire thickness), the home panel of the customer who wants to increase the capacity is a peak cut distribution board, and the capacity is distributed within the customer without increasing the rated capacity within the customer There is a method in which control is performed to eliminate the influence on the main breaker (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
[0003]
Alternatively, when the power consumption exceeds a maximum set value in a building, a home, or the like, a technology for reducing the output frequency of the inverter to level power demand (for example, see Patent Document 1), When the current detected by the master exceeds a set value by wirelessly connecting the slave to a slave, a technique for determining a demand processing order of the slave according to a ratio exceeding the set value (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2) has been proposed. ing.
[0004]
[Non-patent document 1]
"Oshirase Plusan (with peak cut function)", panel / panel equipment, electrical installation system '98 -'99, issued by Matsushita Electric Works, 1998, p. 522-523
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-08-079972 (page 2, FIG. 1)
[Non-patent document 2]
"Demand Control System," Toshiba Technical Publications, Vol. 16-9, 1998-2-19, published by Toshiba Corporation, p. 23-25
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a multi-family housing with such a system design, if a customer receiving power receives a request to increase the rated capacity of the home panel due to a request for full electrification, simply increasing the rated capacity of the customer will result in a demand increase. Depending on the power demand rate of the house, the rated capacity of the main breaker is reached, causing the main breaker to shut off, causing a power failure to the entire connected customer.
Therefore, there was a problem (problem) that the request could not be answered without changing the facilities (main breaker capacity and main wire thickness).
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such issues,
Equipped with a load monitoring and control device that measures the current on the main line,
The load monitoring and control device compares the measured current value on the measured main current with the rated capacity of the main breaker, and when the current exceeds a threshold value (n1) close to the rated capacity value of the main breaker. Then, a lower rated operation instruction is transmitted from the built-in power line carrier transmission device to a home panel distribution board connected to the system.
On the other hand, when the load monitoring control device falls below the threshold value (n2) that is more than the rated capacity value of the main breaker, the load monitoring and control device sends a higher rated operation instruction from the attached power line carrier transmission device to the home panel connected to the system. Instruct the board to transmit.
On the home panel distribution board, a current monitoring circuit of the home panel and a power line carrier transmission device are provided,
When the lower rated operation instruction is received from the load monitoring and control device described above, the current monitoring circuit of the home panel compares the current value with the used current value of the home panel. Shut-off control is given to the main breaker of the home panel.
On the other hand, when the higher rated operation instruction is received from the load monitoring control device, the current monitoring circuit of the home panel compares the current value with the used current value of the home panel. To the main breaker of the home panel to perform cutoff control.
[0007]
The main circuit breaker on the home panel is used as a single breaker for the upper rating, and in the overcurrent region higher than the higher rating, the self-contained shutoff is performed by the single function of the breaker, regardless of the transmission instruction. The current monitoring circuit of the home panel may be configured as an auxiliary device of the single breaker so that the current monitoring circuit of the home panel gives a break instruction by contact input or the like from the current monitoring circuit of the home panel only when the transmission instruction of the lower rated value is generated.
As described above, since the rated capacity of the breaker on the home panel is controlled as a result in accordance with the situation flowing through the main power line of the system, the demand for increasing the rated capacity of the customer is not changed in the facilities (main power breaker and main power line). In addition, it is possible to prevent an adverse effect such as interruption of the main wire breaker due to an increase in the rated capacity of the customer.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a system configuration diagram of the present invention, and shows an image diagram of an apartment house, which is an application field of the present invention, and a schematic diagram of a power receiving and distribution system.
FIG. 2 shows the internal device configuration of the present invention. The load monitoring and control device 1 includes a communication unit 1a and a load monitoring and control circuit 1b.
On the other hand, the home panel 2 includes a breaker 2a, a current monitoring circuit 2c connected to the load side of the breaker 2a for monitoring the current of the home panel, a communication unit 2b of a power line carrier system, and four branch breakers 2d1-2d4. You. Loads 4a to 4d are connected to the branch breakers 2d1 to 2d4, respectively, to supply power to the customers.
FIG. 8 shows a conventional device configuration. As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 2 and FIG. 8, the present invention is different from the conventional device configuration in that a load monitoring and control device 1 is provided on the main trunk line 5 and a communication unit 2b and a current monitoring circuit 2c are provided on the home panel. The feature is that it can be added to the construction.
[0009]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the load monitoring control device, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the home panel. First, the control operation of the load monitoring control device will be described with reference to FIGS.
In step ST1, the current Ix of the main trunk line 5 is measured by the load monitoring control circuit 1b. The result is divided into the following two routes in the current transmission instruction state (ST2). Note that at the time of initial power-on, “transmission is being instructed at the lower rating”.
Case1: In the upper rated transmission instruction state,
The installed main breaker capacity (IBK: a predetermined value known in advance and stored in the memory in the control device) is compared with the current Ix of the main line 5 measured in step ST1. At the time of comparison, the threshold variable is compared with a value obtained by multiplying 0.9 by the master breaker capacity (ST3).
As a result of the comparison, when the current of the main line 5 is equal to or larger than the 0.9 times the main breaker capacity, a transmission instruction to change to the lower rating is sent from the communication unit (1a in FIG. 2) to the entire home panel connected to the system. Perform (ST4). Hereinafter, "lower-rated transmission instructed" is stored as the current control state (ST5), and the control returns to ST1.
As a result of the comparison, when the current of the main line is less than the 0.9 times the main breaker capacity, the control returns to ST1 without a transmission instruction.
[0010]
Case 2: In the lower rated transmission instruction state,
The installed main breaker capacity (IBK: a predetermined value known in advance and stored in the memory in the control device) is compared with the main line current Ix measured in step ST1. At the time of comparison, the threshold value is compared with a value obtained by multiplying 0.7 as the threshold variable by the master breaker capacity (ST6).
As a result of the comparison, if the current of the main line is equal to or less than the 0.7 times the main breaker capacity, a transmission instruction to change to the higher rating is issued from the communication unit 1a to the entire home panel connected to the system (ST7). Hereinafter, "higher rated transmission instructing" is stored as the storage of the current control state (ST8), and the control returns to ST1.
As a result of the comparison, other than the above, control returns to ST1 without giving a transmission instruction.
In the above-described embodiment, the threshold variable is set to 0.9 and 0.7 to give a range to the rating switching determination, and the control configuration is such that the rating change is not immediately performed due to a small change in the overall demand rate.
[0011]
An example of a control procedure on the home panel will be described with reference to FIGS.
The current monitoring circuit 2c measures the load current IPx of the home panel 2 (ST11).
The control is divided into the following two types according to the latest rating instruction state (upper rating: IHIGH, lower rating: ILOW) sent by transmission (ST13). The latest rating instruction state is sent from the attached communication unit 2b to the current monitoring circuit 2c.
Case 1: When the rated instruction state is higher-level rating: IHIGH When the load current of the home panel 2 measured in ST11 is equal to or higher than the higher-level rated current (ST14), the current monitoring circuit 2c performs cutoff control (ST15).
The control method is such that if the rated current of the breaker 2a on the home panel is a higher rating, this cutoff control is performed by the breaker alone and independent control not depending on the function of the current monitoring circuit 2c. No control is performed. If the rated current of the breaker 2a on the home panel is not the upper rating, a break signal is sent to the breaker 2a, and the break control is performed by the breaker.
[0012]
Case 2: When the rating instruction state is lower rating: ILOW When the load current of the home panel measured in ST11 is equal to or more than the lower rated current (ST16), the current monitoring circuit 2c performs cutoff control (ST17).
In the control method, a break signal is sent to the breaker 2a on the home panel, and the break control is performed by the breaker. The input of the cutoff signal is used in a general voltage trip device as an optional unit of a normal breaker.
[0013]
The basic control is as described above,
It is, of course, necessary to ensure the reliability of transmission and perform information coordination processing between the home panel and the load monitoring and control device when the power is turned on, but it is not described here because it is outside the scope of the claims.
FIG. 5 exemplifies the control change of the present invention in one day together with the current flowing through the main trunk line.
The current flowing through the main line (see Ix in FIG. 5) is constituted by the following three types of consumers.
A: Current consumption of the customer whose rating has been increased (customer in use at or above the lower rated current) B: Current consumption of the customer whose rating has been increased (the customer who is using the current below the lower rated current)
C: Consumption current of the customer whose rating is not increased In the example of FIG. 5, at 16:00, Ix becomes equal to or more than the current at the time of the instruction to change to the lower rating (IBK × n1 in ST3 in FIG. 3), and the lower rated transmission instruction (FIG. ST4) is performed.
As a result, in FIG. 5G, the consumer using the upper rated current breaks the breaker 2a on the home panel due to the rating change.
[0014]
Since the current of the customer is cut off on the home panel (see G in FIG. 5), the current flowing through the main line decreases correspondingly, but does not decrease until "D: current at the time of instructing return to the higher rating". Therefore, “transmission of return to the upper rating” (see ST7 in FIG. 3) does not occur.
The customer interrupted by the “lower rated transmission instruction” reduces the internal power load to the lower rated current or less, re-energizes the breaker, and resumes power supply.
The current consumption is indicated by I in FIG.
In the example of FIG. 5, the consumption of the entire customer decreases, and at 20:00, the consumption decreases to “D: current at the time of instructing the return to the higher rating” or less. As a result, a transmission instruction (see ST7 in FIG. 3) is issued to the upper rating.
After 20:00, G: a customer in use at the higher rated current is also considered as a component of Ix. It should be noted that, on the home panel, it is clear that the present invention can be used as a guide display to enable use at the higher rated current and to determine the cause of interruption / interruption (interruption at the upper rating / interruption at the lower rating).
[0015]
Although the breaker control on the home panel has been described above, the present invention can also be used for controlling a distribution board in factory equipment or building equipment. In the above description, the control of the capacity of the main breaker on the home panel has been described. However, the present invention may be applied to the control of the current limiter and the breaker on the home panel.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
The effect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 shows a main breaker capacity of a power distribution system and an example of a wire capacity design of a main wire. In the present embodiment, the number of consumers connected to the main power line is 50 units, the contract current of each customer is 20 A, and the total demand rate (how many 50 consumers use the total average of the contract current) is 50. % And the basic design of the capacity of the main breaker and the main cable is shown.
The capacity (IA) of the main breaker and main line is calculated by the following formula.

Accordingly, in this example, a main breaker capacity of 600 A and a main electric wire having a wire capacity of 600 A or more are used.
[0017]
Next, when a plurality of customers in the system have a request to increase the rated current to 50 A due to full electrification or the like, the calculation guideline of the number of units whose rating can be increased will be described below.
The total demand rate n that is actually used for the total demand rate (50% in the above example) of the basic design of the system is investigated.
As a result,
The table in FIG. 6 shows the number of units whose rating can be increased for each total demand rate n. The calculation formula is as follows.

The table in FIG. 6 shows the cases of the total demand rates of 20%, 30%, and 40%.
[0018]
From the above, if 33 customers in the above system are upgraded from 20A to 50A, if the present invention is not applied, when the total demand rate becomes 30% or more, the main breaker will shut off, In contrast to this, according to the present invention, even if the demand rate rises, if the total demand rate exceeds 30%, the customer whose rating has been increased is automatically changed to 20A, so that the rated power is automatically changed to 20A. In the case where the increased customer consumes more than 20A, only the interruption of the customer occurs, and the interruption of the main breaker does not occur, so that the entire customer does not experience a blackout.
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the main breaker capacity, the contract current of each customer, and the like are different from those described above, and is basically the same as FIG.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of a load monitoring control device and a home panel shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating control operations of the load monitoring control device. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a control operation of a home panel.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the effect according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the effect according to the present invention when the main breaker capacity, the contract current of each customer, and the like are different from those in FIG. 6 FIG. Description]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Load monitoring control apparatus, 1a, 2b ... Communication unit, 1b ... Load monitoring control circuit, 2 ... Home panel, 2a ... Breaker, 2c ... Current monitoring circuit, 2d1-2d4 ... Branch breaker, 3 ... Main breaker, 4a- 4d: Load, 5: Main line.

Claims

Measuring means for measuring the load current on the main power distribution line constituting the power distribution system of an apartment house, etc., operation control means for comparing the rated capacity of the breaker for main power line protection and the measurement result by the measuring means, and the comparison result A load monitoring and control device comprising transmission means for transmitting the contents to a home panel distributed by the trunk line; a communication means for receiving a comparison result transmitted from the load monitoring and control device; and a monitor for monitoring a load current of a customer. And a control means for comparing the load current of the customer measured by the monitoring means with the comparison result information of the load monitoring and control device received by the communication means and transmitting a cutoff signal to the breaker of the customer. A demand control power receiving and distribution facility comprising a panel.

The load monitoring and control device is configured such that, when an actually measured current value on the main trunk line is equal to or higher than a threshold value close to the rated capacity of the main breaker, the lower rated operation instruction is connected to the system by an attached transmission unit. While the transmission instruction is issued to the home panel, if the rated capacity of the main breaker becomes equal to or less than the threshold value, the transmission instruction of the higher rated operation is transmitted to the home panel connected to the system by the attached transmission means,
When the home panel receives the lower rated operation instruction from the load monitoring controller, the home panel compares the measurement result with the monitoring unit that monitors the load current of the customer, and when the current value is equal to or more than the lower rated value, While the shutdown command is given to the main breaker of the home panel to perform the shutdown control, when a higher rated operation instruction is received from the load monitoring and control device, the measurement is compared with the measurement result of the monitoring means for monitoring the load current of the consumer. 2. The demand control power receiving and distribution equipment according to claim 1, wherein when the current value is equal to or higher than the upper rated value, a shutoff command is given to a main breaker of the home panel to perform shutoff control.

The main breaker on the home panel is a single breaker having a function of independently shutting off at the time of a higher rating, the monitoring means and the control means for monitoring the load current of the consumer are attached to the single breaker, and the control means is a lower breaker. When the rated operation instruction is received, compared with the measurement result by the monitoring means for monitoring the load current of the customer, if the current value is equal to or more than the lower rated value, give a shutdown command to the main breaker of the home panel, 3. The demand control power receiving and distribution equipment according to claim 2, wherein the overload at the time of the upper rating is interrupted by a single breaker.