JP2014181621A - Diffuser for rotary machine and rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a diffuser for a rotary machine capable of controlling a boundary layer in accordance with an operation state, and capable of improving operation efficiency, and to provide a rotary machine with the diffuser.SOLUTION: A diffuser for a rotary machine includes a diffuser body 10 installed at an outlet position of air A in an axial flow compressor 1, a separation restraining flow passage 16 for sucking the air A from an opening 11aA on an inner peripheral surface 11a of an inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10 and blowing out the air A from an opening 12aA on an inner peripheral surface 12a of an outer peripheral wall 12, a dynamic pressure detection device 18 for detecting a dynamic pressure value in an extension direction in the diffuser body 10, and an air-operated valve 27 of a valve part 25 for opening the separation restraining flow passage 16 when a predetermined threshold is set as a boundary and the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection device 18 changes to cross over the boundary.

Description

  The present invention relates to a diffuser provided at a position serving as a fluid outlet in a rotating machine.

  Conventionally, axial and centrifugal compressors and blowers are generally known as rotating machines. These various rotary machines are provided with a diffuser whose inner space increases in diameter toward the downstream side in the fluid flow direction at the outlet portion of the fluid after pressure increase. As a result, the fluid flowing through the diffuser is discharged to the outside after the static pressure is recovered.

  By the way, in this diffuser, the flow of the fluid changes depending on the operating state of the rotating machine. In particular, when the operation state becomes a high load state, a boundary layer develops on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser, and as a result, separation occurs, leading to a decrease in operation efficiency.

  Here, Patent Document 1 discloses a diffuser for a gas turbine. In this diffuser, a part of the fluid in the diffuser is sucked out by an opening formed in the annular wall of the diffuser, thereby controlling the thickness of the boundary layer and improving the diffuser efficiency.

Japanese Patent No. 4035059

  However, the diffuser disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not control the boundary layer according to the operating state of the rotating machine. In a rotating machine, the flow of fluid in the diffuser varies depending on the operating state, so the boundary layer cannot be controlled sufficiently by simply sucking out the fluid uniformly.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and provides a diffuser for a rotating machine that enables boundary layer control according to an operating state and improves operating efficiency, and a rotating machine including the diffuser. For the purpose.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the diffuser of the rotating machine according to the present invention opens to the diffuser body provided at the fluid outlet position in the rotating machine and the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body, and sucks or blows out the fluid from the inner peripheral surface. Among them, a separation suppressing flow path that performs at least one of them, a dynamic pressure detection unit that detects a dynamic pressure value in the extending direction in the diffuser body, and a threshold value that the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection unit is determined in advance , And a valve portion that opens the separation suppressing flow path when changing so as to straddle the boundary.

  When the operating point of the rotating machine approaches the surging state, the secondary flow from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side tends to become stronger in the diffuser main body, and therefore the flow in the diffuser main body is unevenly distributed to the outer peripheral side. Eventually, there is no flow toward the downstream side in the axial direction, which is the extension direction of the diffuser body, on the inner circumference side of the diffuser body, a reverse flow toward the upstream side occurs, and a boundary layer develops on the inner circumference side. The fluid peels and develops to surging. In such a state, the dynamic pressure value in the extending direction in the diffuser body decreases on the inner peripheral side and increases on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, by setting a value corresponding to the dynamic pressure value at which the operating point becomes the surge point as the threshold value, the dynamic pressure value changes from a value larger than the threshold value to a smaller value on the inner peripheral side in the diffuser body. On the other hand, on the outer peripheral side, the dynamic pressure value changes from a value smaller than the threshold value to a larger value. In the rotating machine of the present invention, the separation suppressing flow path is opened by the valve portion based on the dynamic pressure value thus changed, and the fluid is sucked or blown from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body. Will be. That is, based on the dynamic pressure value changed as described above, fluid can be sucked out at the boundary layer position on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser body, and fluid can be accelerated at the boundary layer position.

  In addition, when the dynamic pressure value of the fluid sucked from the separation suppression channel changes so as to cross the boundary, the valve unit opens the separation suppression channel by the dynamic pressure of the fluid. You may have a valve.

  According to such a valve portion, no separate power is required, and the separation suppressing flow path can be opened by the working fluid of the rotating machine. For this reason, the fluid can be automatically sucked and blown out from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body with a simple structure and being usable even in a high temperature environment.

  Furthermore, the valve unit opens the electromagnetic valve by detecting that the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection unit and the electromagnetic valve that can open the separation suppression flow path straddles the boundary. And a control unit.

  According to such a valve unit, the electromagnetic valve is opened by the control unit, so that the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection unit can be electrically acquired and the electromagnetic valve can be opened by the control unit. is there. Accordingly, since the electrical wiring has a high degree of freedom in the installation position, the valve portion can be easily installed.

  Further, the separation suppressing flow channel may blow out from the inner peripheral surface after the fluid is sucked from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body.

  Thus, the fluid sucked from the diffuser main body is blown out again to the diffuser main body, and the fluid is not thrown away outside. Therefore, the energy of the fluid is not wasted and the operation efficiency of the rotating machine is improved.

  Furthermore, the position where the separation suppressing flow path blows out rather than the position where the fluid is sucked may be located on the front side in the extending direction of the diffuser body.

  In the diffuser body, the static pressure is lower on the downstream side than on the front side in the extending direction, that is, on the upstream side in the fluid flow direction. Accordingly, since the blowing position is located on the front side of the fluid suction position, suction and blowing can be automatically performed by the difference in static pressure. Therefore, with a simple structure, fluid can be sucked out at the position of the boundary layer on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser body, and fluid can be accelerated at the position of the boundary layer.

  Further, the dynamic pressure detection unit may detect the dynamic pressure value on a rear side in the extending direction in the diffuser body from a position where the separation suppressing flow channel sucks the fluid.

  By doing so, the boundary layer is sufficiently developed by sucking the fluid based on the dynamic pressure value detected on the rear side in the extending direction in the diffuser body, that is, on the downstream side in the fluid flow direction. The fluid can be sucked in advance at the upstream side of the position where it is to be. For this reason, the development of the boundary layer can be suppressed more reliably, and the operating efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved.

  Furthermore, the diffuser of the rotary machine according to the present invention may further include a pressurizing unit that pressurizes the fluid sucked from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body at a midway position of the separation suppressing flow path.

  Thus, by providing the pressurizing means, the sucked fluid can be blown out at a sufficient flow rate. In addition, fluid can be sucked and blown out wherever the sucking position and the blowing position are arranged. That is, the fluid can be sucked and blown regardless of the difference in static pressure between the fluid sucking position and the blowing position.

  A plurality of the dynamic pressure detectors may be provided so as to detect the dynamic pressure values at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction centering on the extending direction in the diffuser body.

  By providing a plurality of dynamic pressure detectors in this way, it is possible to reliably detect the development of the boundary layer even when a circumferential distribution occurs in the fluid flow. In addition, even if any one of the dynamic pressure detection units does not operate, the detection can be performed by another dynamic pressure detection unit, so that redundancy can be ensured and reliability can be improved.

  Moreover, the said valve | bulb part may further have an aggregation part which aggregates the said dynamic pressure value from the said dynamic pressure detection part provided with one in the said circumferential direction.

  Thus, even when a circumferential distribution occurs in the fluid flow, based on the dynamic pressure value at each position in the circumferential direction, the fluid is sucked in at the circumferential position where the dynamic pressure value is detected. , Ballooning is possible. Furthermore, since there is only one valve part, the number of parts can be reduced, leading to cost reduction.

Furthermore, the valve unit is provided in each of the dynamic pressure detection units provided in a plurality in the circumferential direction,
The separation suppression channel may suck the fluid at a position in the circumferential direction corresponding to the dynamic pressure value from each of the dynamic pressure detectors.

  Even if a circumferential distribution is generated in the flow of the fluid by such a valve portion, the position where the dynamic pressure value is detected is based on the dynamic pressure value at each position in the circumferential direction. Fluid can be sucked at the circumferential position. For this reason, the development of the boundary layer can be suppressed more reliably, and the operating efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved.

  Further, the separation suppressing flow path sucks the fluid from at least one of a plurality of positions in the extending direction in the diffuser body and a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction centering on the extending direction. There may be provided a plurality of aggregation channels that aggregate the fluid sucked from the plurality of separation suppression channels, and one valve unit may be provided and connected to the aggregation channel.

  As described above, by collecting the fluid sucked from a plurality of positions in the extending direction or the circumferential direction, the fluid can be sucked from the plurality of positions by one valve portion. For this reason, it is possible to reliably suppress the development of the boundary layer while reducing the number of parts and reducing the cost, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the rotating machine.

  Furthermore, the diffuser of the rotary machine according to the present invention includes a pressure ratio detection unit that detects a pressure ratio between an inlet pressure of a boosting unit that takes in the fluid and boosts the pressure, and an outlet pressure of the boosting unit, and the pressure ratio detection unit. And a flow rate control unit that controls the flow rate of the fluid in the separation suppressing flow path based on the detection signal.

  By controlling the flow rate of the fluid in the separation suppression flow path based on such a pressure ratio, the suction amount and the blowout amount can be changed according to the degree of development of the boundary layer that varies depending on the operating state of the rotating machine. It becomes possible. Therefore, the development of the boundary layer can be suppressed more effectively, and the operating efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved. Here, the pressure used as the pressure ratio means the total pressure obtained by adding the dynamic pressure and the static pressure.

  In addition, the rotating machine according to the present invention includes a booster that takes in fluid and boosts the pressure, and the diffuser that is provided downstream of the booster in the flow direction of the fluid and discharges the boosted fluid. It is characterized by providing.

  According to such a rotating machine, by providing the diffuser, the valve portion is opened based on the dynamic pressure value changed in the diffuser body, and the separation suppressing flow path is opened. Then, by releasing the separation suppressing channel, the fluid is sucked or blown out from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body. Therefore, the fluid can be sucked out at the boundary layer position on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser body, and the fluid can be accelerated at the boundary layer position.

  According to the diffuser and the rotating machine of the present invention, boundary layer control according to the operation state can be performed based on the dynamic pressure value inside the diffuser body, and the operation efficiency can be improved by improving the diffuser efficiency.

It is a whole sectional view of the axial flow compressor concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view expanding and showing a diffuser about the axial flow compressor concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the 1st modification of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the 2nd modification of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the 3rd modification of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the 4th modification of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the 5th modification of 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a diffuser regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which expands and shows a valve part regarding the axial flow compressor which concerns on the modification of 2nd embodiment of this invention.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, an axial flow compressor 1 (rotary machine) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The axial flow compressor 1 is applied to, for example, a gas turbine or the like, and increases the pressure of the air A by circulating the air A along the axis O of the axial flow compressor 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the axial compressor 1 includes a casing 2 and a rotary shaft 3 supported so as to be covered with the casing 2. In addition, the axial flow compressor 1 is provided in the casing 2 and provided in the rotating shaft 3 with a plurality of stages of stationary blade rows 4 arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 3. The plurality of stages of moving blade arrays 5 arranged alternately with the stationary blade arrays 4 in the direction of the direction A, and provided downstream of the plurality of stages of stationary blade arrays 4 and 5 in the flow direction of the air A The diffuser 6 is provided.

  The casing 2 has a cylindrical shape centered on the axis O and extends in the direction of the axis O.

  The rotary shaft 3 has a cylindrical shape centered on the axis O and extends in the direction of the axis O. The rotary shaft 3 is covered from the outside in the radial direction of the axis O by the casing 2 and is connected to the casing 2 by a bearing (not shown). It is supported by the casing 2 so as to be relatively rotatable.

  A plurality of stages of stationary blade rows 4 are blade members fixed to the casing 2 so as to protrude radially inward from the casing 2 toward the rotating shaft 3 and arranged at intervals in the direction of the axis O. . Each stationary blade row 4 is composed of a plurality of stationary blades 4a provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis O.

  The plurality of blade rows 5 are blade members fixed to the rotary shaft 3 so as to protrude radially outward from the rotary shaft 3 toward the casing 2 and arranged at intervals in the direction of the axis O. is there. In addition, the blade rows 5 are arranged one by one between the adjacent stationary blade rows 4, whereby the stationary blade rows 4 and the moving blade rows 5 are alternately arranged in the direction of the axis O. Yes. Each of the blade rows 5 is composed of a plurality of blades 5 a provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis O.

  A space in which the plurality of stages of stationary blade rows 4 and moving blade rows 5 are arranged serves as a flow path FC for air A, and air A taken in from an intake port (not shown) Is circulated while passing through the stationary blade row 4 and the moving blade row 5 from the upstream to the downstream along the axis O, whereby the air A is pressurized. That is, the stator blade row 4 and the rotor blade row 5 constitute a boosting unit.

Next, the diffuser 6 will be described.
The diffuser 6 is provided on the downstream side of the stationary blade row 4 located on the most downstream side, that is, the last stationary blade row 4. Then, the diffuser body 10 that defines the annular space therein, the separation suppressing flow path 16 connected to the diffuser body 10, the valve portion 25 provided in the separation suppressing flow path 16, and the movement inside the diffuser body 10 And a dynamic pressure detecting device 18 (dynamic pressure detecting unit) for detecting a pressure value.

  The diffuser body 10 is fixed to the casing 2, and an inner circumferential wall 11 and an outer circumferential wall 12 define an annular space centered on the axis O, and in the direction of the axis O of the annular space as it goes downstream. The cross-sectional area that is orthogonal is large. Then, the air A pressurized through the flow path FC is introduced into the annular space and discharged to the outside.

In the present embodiment, the separation suppressing flow path 16 connects the opening 11aA formed on the inner peripheral surface 11a of the inner peripheral wall 11 and the opening 12aA formed on the inner peripheral surface 12a of the outer peripheral wall 12 so that the inside of the diffuser body 10 The air A is circulated between the opening 11aA of the inner peripheral wall 11 and the opening 12aA of the outer peripheral wall 12. The separation suppressing flow channel 16 connects the opening 11aA and the opening 12aA via the inside of the strut 13 that connects the inner peripheral wall 11 and the outer peripheral wall 12 in the diffuser body 10.
Note that the opening 12aA may be formed in the inner peripheral wall 11 as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. In this case, the separation suppressing flow path 16 connects the two openings 11aA and 12aA on the inner peripheral wall.

In this embodiment, the opening 12aA of the outer peripheral wall 12 is located on the upstream side of the axis O with respect to the opening 11aA of the inner peripheral wall 11. That is, the opening 12aA is located on the front side in the extending direction of the diffuser body 10 rather than the opening 11aA.
Here, the front side in the extending direction of the diffuser body 10 means the upstream side in the flow direction along the axis O of the air A. Therefore, when the rotating machine is a centrifugal type in which the extending direction of the diffuser body is directed in the radial direction of the rotation axis, the front side in the extending direction means the radially inner side of the diffuser body.

  The dynamic pressure detection device 18 includes a total pressure pipe 19 projecting from the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10 into the diffuser body 10 and a through hole 15 formed through the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10. Yes.

  The total pressure pipe 19 is a tubular member that opens inside the diffuser body 10 and detects the total pressure value on the inner peripheral side inside the diffuser body 10.

The through hole 15 detects a static pressure value on the inner peripheral side inside the diffuser body 10.
In this way, the dynamic pressure detection device 18 detects the dynamic pressure value in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10 based on the difference between the total pressure value in the total pressure pipe 19 and the static pressure value in the through hole 15. It has become a thing.

  In this embodiment, the inner peripheral wall is located at a position upstream of the position where the total pressure pipe 19 is provided in the direction of the axis O and at the same position in the circumferential direction of the axis O as the position where the opening of the total pressure pipe 19 is disposed. A through-hole 15 is formed in 11.

  The valve unit 25 is connected to the total pressure pipe 19 and the through hole 15, and includes a working pipe 26 through which air A can flow, a total pressure value detected by the total pressure pipe 19, and a static pressure value detected by the through hole 15. When the dynamic pressure value as the difference becomes smaller than a predetermined threshold value, the air-operated valve 27 (fluid-actuated valve) that is operated by the dynamic pressure is provided.

  Further, the air actuated valve 27 is provided in the middle position of the separation suppressing flow path 16, and when operated by the dynamic pressure of the air A described above, the separation suppressing flow path 16 is opened, and the opening 11aA and the opening 12aA. And the air A can be circulated.

  Here, the predetermined threshold as the dynamic pressure at which the air operated valve 27 operates corresponds to the dynamic pressure value at which the boundary layer develops in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10 and the operating point becomes the surge point. Such a dynamic pressure value is a value acquired and set in advance by measurement or analysis with an actual machine.

  In such an axial flow compressor 1, when the operating point of the axial flow compressor 1 approaches a surging state, the inner peripheral surface 11 a of the inner peripheral wall 11 is directed to the inner peripheral surface 12 a of the outer peripheral wall 12 in the diffuser body 10. Secondary flow becomes stronger. For this reason, the flow in the diffuser body 10 is unevenly distributed to the outer peripheral side. Eventually, there is no flow toward the downstream in the direction of the axis O on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser body 10, and a reverse flow toward the upstream side is generated. A boundary layer develops in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 11 a of the inner peripheral wall 11 and air A peels off and develops to surging.

  In such a state, the dynamic pressure value in the diffuser main body 10 decreases on the inner peripheral side, increases on the outer peripheral side, and the dynamic pressure value on the inner peripheral side in the diffuser main body 10 decreases from a value larger than a threshold value. It changes to. That is, in the present embodiment, the dynamic pressure value in the diffuser body 10 changes with the threshold value as a boundary so as to be smaller than the threshold value across the boundary.

  In the present embodiment, the air actuation valve 27 is operated based on the dynamic pressure value thus changed, and the separation suppression channel 16 is opened, so that the separation suppression channel is generated before or when surging occurs. 16, the opening 11aA and the opening 12aA communicate with each other.

  Here, in the separation suppressing channel 16, the opening 12 a A of the outer peripheral wall 12 is positioned on the upstream side than the opening 11 a A of the inner peripheral wall 11, and the inner space of the diffuser body 10 is more downstream than the upstream side. The side is in a lower static pressure state. For this reason, when a static pressure difference is generated between the position of the opening 11aA and the position of the opening 12aA, the air A of the diffuser body 10 is automatically sucked from the opening 11aA, and the sucked air A is sucked from the opening 112aA. It becomes possible to blow out automatically by the differential pressure.

  Accordingly, the air A is sucked out at the position of the boundary layer developed on the inner peripheral side of the diffuser main body 10 with a simple structure, and the air A toward the inner peripheral side is increased by increasing the flow rate of the air A on the outer peripheral side. To increase the speed of the air A at the boundary layer position.

  Further, since the air operating valve 27 is used as the valve portion 25, the separation suppression flow channel 16 can be opened by using the air A as the working fluid of the axial compressor 1 as it is without requiring any separate power. Is possible. For this reason, the air-operated valve 27 can be used without problems even with a simple structure and even in a high temperature environment, and the air A is sucked from the diffuser body 10 and can be automatically blown out into the diffuser body 10. .

  Further, the air A sucked from the diffuser body 10 is blown out again to the diffuser body 10, so that the air A that has been pressurized through the stationary blade row 4 and the moving blade row 5 is not discarded. Therefore, the energy of the pressurized air A is not wasted, leading to an improvement in operating efficiency.

  According to the axial flow compressor 1 of the present embodiment, the air A at the boundary layer position is sucked out based on the dynamic pressure value inside the diffuser body 10, and the speed of the air A at the boundary layer position can be increased. Therefore, boundary layer control according to the operation state can be performed, and the operation efficiency can be improved by improving the diffuser efficiency.

  Here, in the above description, the dynamic pressure value is detected at the position on the inner peripheral side. For example, the dynamic pressure value is detected at the position on the outer peripheral side, and based on this, the release prevention flow path 16 is opened. You may go. Here, on the outer peripheral side of the diffuser body 10, when the operating point approaches the surging occurrence state, the dynamic pressure value changes from a value smaller than the threshold value to a larger value, contrary to the inner peripheral side. For this reason, in the air operated valve 27, it is necessary to open the separation suppressing flow path 16 when the difference between the total pressure value from the total pressure pipe 19 and the static pressure value from the through hole 15 becomes small.

Further, for example, the air A sucked from the diffuser body 10 may be discharged to the outside, or the air A separately taken from the outside of the diffuser 6 may be blown into the diffuser body 10.
Further, only one of the air A and the air may be blown out. Further, the suction position and the blowing position may be the same position in the circumferential direction or may be different positions.

  Further, the total pressure pipe 19 and the through hole 15 in the dynamic pressure detecting device 18 are provided downstream of the opening 11aA on the inner peripheral wall 11 side (or the opening 12aA on the outer peripheral wall 12 side), and the dynamic pressure value is measured at this position. It may be detected. That is, the dynamic pressure value is detected on the rear side in the extending direction in the diffuser body 10 from the position where the separation suppressing flow path 16 sucks the air A.

  In this case, the air AA is sucked in based on the dynamic pressure value detected on the downstream side in the diffuser body 10, so that the air A is preliminarily upstream from the position where the boundary layer is sufficiently developed. Therefore, the development of the boundary layer can be more reliably suppressed, and the operating efficiency of the rotating machine can be improved.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, you may further provide the compression apparatus 31 (pressurization means) which pressurizes the air A inhaled from the diffuser main body 10 in the middle position of the peeling suppression flow path 16. Various known compressors can be used for the compression device 31.
In FIG. 3, the compression device 31 is provided at a position on the air blowout side of the air A from the air actuated valve 27, that is, between the air actuated valve 27 and the opening 12 a A portion of the outer peripheral wall 12. It may be provided between the operating valve 27 and the opening 11aA portion of the inner peripheral wall 11.

  By providing such a compression device 31 separately, the sucked air A can be blown out at a sufficient flow rate. Further, air A can be sucked and blown out wherever the sucking position and the blowing position are arranged. Specifically, when the opening 12aA serving as the blowing position is arranged downstream of the opening 11aA serving as the suction position in the direction of the axis O, the air A is automatically generated by the above-described differential pressure of the static pressure. Can't inhale or blow out. However, by pressurizing the air A by the compression device 31, the air A at the boundary layer is sucked regardless of the positional relationship between the opening 11aA and the opening 12aA regardless of the magnitude of the differential pressure between the static pressures. The speed is increased and the development of the boundary layer can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the total pressure pipe 19 and the through hole 15 in the dynamic pressure detecting device 18 detect dynamic pressure values at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction centering on the extending direction in the diffuser body 10. Also good. That is, a plurality may be provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis O. Further, each dynamic pressure detecting device 18 may be provided with one valve portion 25.

  In such a case, it is possible to detect the dynamic pressure value in parallel at different positions in the circumferential direction of the axis O, suck out the air A at the boundary layer position, and increase the speed of the air A at the boundary layer position. It becomes. Therefore, even in the case where the circumferential distribution is generated in the flow of the air A in the diffuser body 10, the boundary layer can be controlled in accordance with the state of the air A at each position in the circumferential direction. . For this reason, the development of the boundary layer can be suppressed more reliably, and further operational efficiency can be improved. In addition, the plurality of dynamic pressure detection devices 18 block the total pressure pipe 19 and the opening 11aA of the through hole 15 in one dynamic pressure detection device 18 so that the dynamic pressure value cannot be detected. Even if it is a case, since the dynamic pressure value can be detected by the other dynamic pressure detection device 18, redundancy can be secured and reliability can be improved.

  In the case where a plurality of the dynamic pressure detection devices 18 are provided in the circumferential direction, only one air operation valve 27 may be provided as shown in FIG. In this case, the working pipes 26 connected to each of the plurality of dynamic pressure detection devices 18 are connected and communicated with each other by a manifold 41 (aggregation unit), and the plurality of dynamic pressure detection devices 18 and one are connected via the manifold 41. An air operated valve 27 is connected. As a result, the dynamic pressure value of the air A at different positions in the circumferential direction can be detected, and the number of air actuated valves 27 can be reduced, leading to cost reduction. The blowing position may be one as shown in FIG. 5, or may be a plurality of positions in the direction of the axis O or the circumferential direction, for example.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of openings 11aA are formed in the inner peripheral wall 11 (or outer peripheral wall 12) of the diffuser body 10 at intervals in the direction of the axis O and in the circumferential direction. 11aA may be connected to the separation suppressing flow path 16 one by one. That is, a plurality of peeling suppression channels 16 may be provided.
Further, the plurality of separation suppression channels 16 are connected to each other by a manifold 51 (aggregation channel), and are connected to an air operating valve 27 provided with only one through the manifold 51. Yes. Note that a plurality of openings 11aA and 12aA may be formed only in the direction of the axis O, or a plurality of openings may be formed only in the circumferential direction.

  In such a case, the air A sucked from a plurality of positions in the direction of the axis O or the circumferential direction is aggregated by the manifold 51, so that the air A is sucked from a plurality of positions and blown out by one valve portion 25. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, leading to cost reduction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the axial flow compressor 1 is configured such that the pressure ratio between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the air A in the pressure increasing unit (the stationary blade row 4 and the moving blade row 5) that takes in the air A and raises the pressure. A pressure ratio detection device 62 (pressure ratio detection unit) may be provided. Furthermore, a flow rate control valve 61 (flow rate control unit) that controls the flow rate of the air A in the separation suppressing flow channel 16 based on a detection signal from the pressure ratio detection device 62 may be provided.
Here, the pressure used as the pressure ratio means the total pressure obtained by adding the dynamic pressure and the static pressure.
For example, a valve device similar to the electromagnetic valve 77 can be applied to the flow control valve 61, and the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure are acquired by a pressure gauge (not shown).

  In such a case, by controlling the flow rate of the air A in the separation suppressing flow path 16 based on the pressure ratio, the suction is performed according to the degree of development of the boundary layer that varies depending on the operating state of the axial compressor 1. The amount and the amount of blowout can be changed. Therefore, the development of the boundary layer can be suppressed more effectively, and the operation efficiency can be improved.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, an axial flow compressor 71 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
In this embodiment, the valve part 75 differs from 1st embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the valve unit 75 includes an electromagnetic valve 77 provided in the separation suppressing flow path 16 and a control device 76 (control unit) that opens the electromagnetic valve 77.

  The control device 76 is electrically connected to the dynamic pressure detection device 18, and the dynamic pressure that is the difference between the total pressure value from the total pressure pipe 19 of the dynamic pressure detection device 18 and the static pressure value from the through hole 15. The value is detected, and it is detected that the dynamic pressure value has exceeded the threshold value, and the electromagnetic valve 77 is operated. Specifically, the control device 76 includes a pressure gauge that converts the total pressure value and the static pressure value from the dynamic pressure detection device 18 into an electric signal, and an amplifier that amplifies the electric signal from the pressure gauge. .

  The electromagnetic valve 77 is electrically connected to the control device 76 and opens the separation suppressing flow path 16 by an output signal from the control device 76.

  According to the axial flow compressor 71 of the present embodiment, since the electromagnetic valve 77 is opened by the control device 76, the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection device 18 is acquired by electric wiring, and the control device 76. It is possible to open the solenoid valve 77. Therefore, since the electrical wiring has a higher degree of freedom in the installation position than in the case where the working pipe 26 and the like are installed as in the first embodiment, the valve section is provided even when there is a restriction on the installation space of the valve section 75. 75 can be easily installed, air A can be sucked in and accelerated at the boundary layer position, and the operation efficiency can be improved by improving the diffuser efficiency.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, a solenoid valve operating mechanism 81 may be used instead of the control device 76. Specifically, the electromagnetic valve operating mechanism 81 includes a plate-like member 83 provided through the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser main body 10 and a position extending through the inner peripheral wall 11 in the circumferential direction of the axis O. The shaft portion 82 extends along the axis and rotates the plate-like member 83 in the direction of the axis O.

  Further, in the electromagnetic valve operating mechanism 81, a contact portion 85 protruding toward the electromagnetic valve 77 is formed on the plate-like member 83 at a position facing the electromagnetic valve 77 so as to start the opening operation of the electromagnetic valve 77. ing. The electromagnetic valve 77 is provided with a switch 84 that starts operation when the contact portion 85 comes into contact therewith.

  In the electromagnetic valve operating mechanism 81, when the dynamic pressure value in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall 11 of the diffuser body 10 is equal to or less than the threshold value, the electromagnetic valve 77 is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the axis O, and the contact portion 85 is Are separated from each other (two-dot chain line in FIG. 9). Here, when the dynamic pressure value becomes smaller than the threshold value, the electromagnetic valve 77 is rotated by the dynamic pressure of the air A around the shaft portion 82 and the contact portion 85 contacts the switch 84 so that the solenoid valve 77 is turned on. Start operation.

  By using such an electromagnetic valve operating mechanism 81, not only the control device 76 but also the dynamic pressure detecting device 18 is not required, so that the number of parts can be reduced, and the opening control of the electromagnetic valve 77 is mechanically performed. Therefore, the structure becomes simple and the reliability is improved.

  Such a solenoid valve operating mechanism 81 may be provided on the outer peripheral wall 12 of the diffuser body 10, and in this case, when the dynamic pressure value of the air A becomes larger than the threshold value, contrary to the case of FIG. It is necessary to install the solenoid valve operating mechanism 81 so that the contact portion 85 contacts the switch 84 of the solenoid valve 77.

  Note that the modification of the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7 can also be applied to the second embodiment.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, some design changes can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the axial flow compressors 1 and 71 have been described as an example of the rotating machine. However, for example, a centrifugal compressor may be used, and a blower or the like may be used instead of the compressor. Configuration can be applied.

  Moreover, the axial flow compressor 1 of the first embodiment, the modification of the first embodiment described in FIGS. 3 to 7, the axial flow compressor 71 of the second embodiment, and the second embodiment described in FIG. About a modification, you may combine suitably.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Axial compressor (rotary machine) 2 ... Casing 3 ... Rotating shaft 4 ... Stator blade row 4a ... Stator blade 5 ... Rotor blade row 5a ... Rotor blade 6 ... Diffuser 10 ... Diffuser body 11 ... Inner peripheral wall 11a ... Inner circumference Surface 11aA ... Opening 12 ... Outer peripheral wall 12a ... Inner peripheral surface 12aA ... Opening 13 ... Strut 15 ... Through hole 16 ... Peeling suppression flow path 18 ... Dynamic pressure detecting device (dynamic pressure detecting portion) 19 ... Total pressure pipe 25 ... Valve portion 26 ... Operating piping 27 ... Air actuated valve (fluid actuated valve) A ... Air (fluid) O ... Axis FC ... Flow path 31 ... Compression device (pressurizing means) 41 ... Manifold (aggregating part) 51 ... Manifold (aggregating channel) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 61 ... Flow control valve (flow control part) 62 ... Pressure ratio detection apparatus (pressure ratio detection part) 71 ... Axial flow compressor 75 ... Valve part 76 ... Control apparatus (control part) 77 ... Electromagnetic valve 81 ... Electromagnetic valve operating mechanism2 ... shaft portion 83 ... plate-like member 84 ... Switch 85 ... contact portion

Claims (13)

A diffuser body provided at a fluid outlet position in the rotating machine;
An opening on the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body, and a separation suppressing flow path for performing at least one of the suction or blowing of the fluid from the inner peripheral surface;
A dynamic pressure detector for detecting a dynamic pressure value in the extending direction in the diffuser body;
A valve portion that opens the separation suppression channel when the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detection unit changes across the boundary with a predetermined threshold as a boundary;
A diffuser for a rotating machine comprising:   The valve portion includes a fluid operated valve that opens the separation suppression channel by the dynamic pressure of the fluid when the dynamic pressure value of the fluid sucked from the separation suppression channel changes so as to cross the boundary. The diffuser for a rotary machine according to claim 1, comprising: The valve unit is an electromagnetic valve capable of opening the separation suppressing flow path;
A controller that detects that the dynamic pressure value detected by the dynamic pressure detector has changed so as to cross the boundary, and opens the solenoid valve;
The diffuser for a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein   The rotation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the separation suppressing flow channel blows out the fluid from the inner peripheral surface after sucking the fluid from the inner peripheral surface of the diffuser body. Mechanical diffuser.   5. The diffuser for a rotary machine according to claim 4, wherein the separation suppressing flow path is located at a front side in the extending direction of the diffuser main body at a position where the fluid is blown out rather than a position where the fluid is sucked. .   The said dynamic pressure detection part detects the said dynamic pressure value in the back side of the extension direction in the said diffuser main body rather than the position where the said peeling suppression flow path sucks the said fluid. The diffuser of a rotary machine as described in any one of these.   The pressurization means which pressurizes the said fluid sucked from the said internal peripheral surface of the said diffuser main body in the middle position of the said peeling suppression flow path is further provided, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Rotating machine diffuser.   The said dynamic pressure detection part is provided with two or more so that the said dynamic pressure value may be detected in the several position of the circumferential direction centering on the said extension direction in the said diffuser main body. The diffuser of a rotary machine as described in any one of 1 to 7.   The rotating machine according to claim 8, wherein the valve unit further includes an aggregation unit that is provided with a single unit and aggregates the dynamic pressure values from the plurality of dynamic pressure detection units provided in the circumferential direction. Diffuser. The valve unit is provided in each of the dynamic pressure detection units provided in the circumferential direction.
The rotary machine according to claim 8, wherein the separation suppressing flow channel sucks the fluid at a position in the circumferential direction corresponding to the dynamic pressure value from each of the dynamic pressure detection units. Diffuser. The separation suppressing flow path includes a plurality of the suction flow paths so as to suck the fluid from at least one of a plurality of positions in the extending direction in the diffuser body and a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction centering on the extending direction. Provided,
Further comprising an aggregation channel for aggregating the fluid sucked from the plurality of separation suppression channels,
The said valve | bulb part is provided with one, and is connected to the said aggregation flow path, The diffuser of the rotary machine as described in any one of Claim 1 to 7 characterized by the above-mentioned. A pressure ratio detection unit that detects a pressure ratio between an inlet pressure of a boosting unit that takes in the fluid and boosts the pressure, and an outlet pressure of the boosting unit;
A flow rate control unit that controls the flow rate of the fluid in the separation suppressing flow path based on a detection signal from the pressure ratio detection unit;
The diffuser for a rotary machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: A pressurizing unit that takes in the fluid and pressurizes,
The diffuser according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the diffuser is provided on a downstream side of the fluid with respect to the boosting unit and discharges the pressurized fluid.
A rotating machine comprising:

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