JP2014172039A - Crusher and sheet production facility having crusher integrated therein - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher capable of producing a fine fiber material for forming a sheet from waste wood, a non-wood-based raw material or the like, simply in a short time without using a chemical liquid such as sodium hydroxide.SOLUTION: A crusher capable of satisfying both increase of a crushing treatment amount and a crushing effect can be obtained, by using at least two pairs of crushing means constituted of a stone mill type disk-like grinder, and by narrowing from an upstream gradually each face-to-face distance between grinders.

Description

      The present invention particularly pulverizes wood fragments, pruned branches, plant trunks, bark, waste paper, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, rubber pieces, etc., and then pulverizes them into fine fibers, and then manufactures a sheet incorporating this pulverizer. Regarding equipment.

Although conventionally used wood pulp for papermaking is suitable for mass production and mass consumption, it has the following problems. The first problem is that in the manufacture of pulp, which is usually carried out, sulfur dioxide gas generated in the manufacturing process pollutes the atmosphere because chemicals mainly composed of caustic soda and sodium sulfide are added to the chips and digested. However, the cooking waste liquid and the waste liquid from the paper making process contaminate the water quality. The second problem is deforestation caused by logging. Deforestation is said to be a cause of global warming and has a great impact on weather and ecosystems.
Therefore, in consideration of resource problems and environmental problems, alternative materials that are friendly to the earth using non-wood plant materials such as jute and kenaf are being studied. As alternative materials, many other uses of pruned branches and wood chips as waste materials have been proposed.
Recently, in addition to such proposals for papermaking, attempts have been made to pulverize woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and other raw materials as wastes into sheet products and bulk products.
However, there are still many problems with the technology of pulverizing these raw materials into fine fibers. For example, the pulverization is insufficient and it is difficult to use as a fiber. Or the amount to process is restrict | limited and it is a problem of unsuitable for practical use by a manufacturing cost increase.

In patent document 1, the proposal which improved the conventional stone mill is made. This method is suitable for producing fine grains, but is not suitable for obtaining a fibrous product because of excessive grinding. In Patent Document 2, the target product is a fine powder. When the fiber material is pulverized using these techniques, the product becomes a fine powder and is not suitable for the manufacture of paper products and sheet products by papermaking. The amount of processing is small and it is not suitable for mass processing. Patent Document 3 is excellent in that a pulp-like product can be easily obtained because a kenaf skin is directly inserted between two millstone grinders and pulverized. However, in this method, in order to obtain the required fiber dimensions, it is necessary to limit the input amount of the material to a very small amount and extremely reduce the distance between the surfaces of the stone mortar. In order to increase productivity, it is necessary to widen the face spacing of the stone mortar and greatly increase the amount of raw material input. In this case, pulverization becomes insufficient, so multiple raw materials and intermediate processing materials are placed in the equipment. It was not in a satisfactory state yet, such as the need for repeated charging. In addition, it is technically difficult to increase the area of a stone mortar, and even if a large area mortar can be manufactured, it has been estimated that it will be very expensive.
JP 2006-158997 A JP 2010-89056 A JP 2005-299032 A

In consideration of the above-mentioned present situation, the present invention can be applied to a relatively flexible material, can be made into fine fibers while maintaining the fiber shape, and has a simple operation and a sheet manufacturing facility incorporating the crusher. The purpose was to provide.
The first object of the present invention is a pulverizer for producing a fine fibrous material which does not use a chemical solution such as caustic soda and consequently does not discharge gaseous pollutants and at the same time has no water contamination. The second object is to provide a pulverizer that is highly productive and can reduce product manufacturing costs. A third object is to provide an apparatus suitable for mass processing and easy to automate.

      A pulverizer according to the present invention includes a cylindrical body having two inlets having an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet and having two upstream and downstream inner diameters different from or equal to each other, and a rotating shaft arranged in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body And a motor as a drive source is provided at one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end is supported by a support. On the upstream side of the rotating shaft, a spiral notch or a spiral blade is installed, and has a function of transferring the raw material introduced from the inlet to the downstream side by the rotation of the rotating shaft. On the other hand, on the downstream side of the rotating shaft, a grinding means comprising a combination of a disc-shaped millstone grinder that can be fixed to the rotating shaft and a donut-shaped millstone grinder in which the rotating shaft passes through the center and the periphery is fixed to the cylinder. However, at least 2 sets, preferably 3 sets or more are arranged. The distance between the surfaces of the two stone mill grinders of the most downstream grinding means is 200 μm or less, and the distance between the surfaces of the two stone mill grinders of the grinding means located upstream of the grinding means is the downstream downstream grinding. It is characterized by being equal to or larger than the distance between the surfaces of the stone mill grinder of the means. Since this pulverizer can transfer the raw material in a large amount and quantitatively, and the biting of the raw material into the pulverizing means has been improved, the pulverization can also be carried out quantitatively in a large amount.

      The present invention has several advantages. The first advantage is that by using a stone-milled disc-shaped grinder, the raw material can be refined only in the presence of a small amount of water, and not only wood but also jute, kenaf, etc. without using chemicals such as caustic soda. Non-wood raw materials, waste wood, woven fabrics or non-woven fabrics can be made into fine fibers. The second advantage is that the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged, so that one end of the rotating shaft can be held by the motor and the other end can be held by the support, and there is no shaft shake expected in the vertical arrangement, and stable operation is possible. Secured. The third advantage is that a stable raw material supply can be achieved by providing a spiral structure on the rotary shaft on the upstream side of the pulverizer. The fourth advantage is that a small stone-milled disc-shaped grinder that is easily available can be used, and it is easy to install it in multiple stages, thereby increasing the throughput. The fifth advantage is that a plurality of millstone grinders can be arranged, so that each crushing means is arranged in order from the upstream side where the distance between the millstone grinder surfaces is large to the downstream side where the distance between the millstones is small. Can be emphasized that the processing amount has been significantly improved and the processing amount has been greatly improved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention. The raw material that has been made into chips is introduced from the raw material introduction port 5 in accordance with the arrow 11, and is transferred to the downstream side by the spiral blade 7 along the rotation of the rotary shaft 3 in the upstream side cylindrical body 1. Next, it is pulverized by a pulverization means comprising a disc-shaped stone mortar grinder 8 fixed to the rotating shaft and a donut-shaped stone mortar grinder 8 ′ fixed to the cylinder 2. Specifically, it is discharged from the outlet 6 according to the arrow 12. The crushing means in the uppermost stream is separately provided with water supply means, and a constant amount of water is supplied continuously or intermittently.
In the present invention, at least two sets of pulverizing means are used, and the inter-surface distance between the two stone mill type grinders constituting the upstream pulverizing means is made larger than that on the downstream side, thereby greatly improving the biting of the raw material. It is a feature. One of the stone mill type grinders can be fixed on the rotary shaft 3 by the fixing means 10, and the other stone mill type grinder is fixed to the cylinder 2. The adjustment of the distance between the two surfaces can be performed either when fixing to the rotating shaft or when fixing to the cylinder.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the raw material biting when the inter-surface distance between the stone mill grinders is different. Although a concave groove is provided on the surface of the stone mortar grinder to facilitate biting, biting is not always easy when the distance between the surfaces is small. In the present invention, a plurality of pulverizing means having different inter-surface distances are arranged in series, thereby realizing the biting corresponding to the sizes of the original raw material and the pulverized intermediate material, and increasing the throughput.
According to the pulverizing means of the present invention, a fine fiber is obtained in which the raw material biting action, tearing action, beating action, and rubbing action, including the presence of grooves on the stone mill grinder, act delicately and effectively. be able to.
The raw materials to be pulverized to fine fibers in the present invention are waste wood, wood raw materials such as cut pruned branches, banana and pineapple stems and leaves, non-wood raw materials such as jute, kenaf or turf, discarded synthetics It can be selected from a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric made of fibers or natural fibers, and is not particularly limited as long as it is fibrous.
The raw material to be pulverized may be chipped to a size that does not hinder the operation in accordance with the size of the pulverizer, and the size and shape can be arbitrarily selected within the range.

      Wood chips having a length of 1 to 2 cm were used, and the resultant was introduced together with circulating water into a pulverizer in which the distance between the surfaces of the disk-shaped grinders was 5 mm. The coarsely pulverized product that passed through the pulverizer was about 100 kg per hour.

      Grinding was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inter-surface distance between the disc-shaped grinders was 200 μm. Although the particle size of the pulverized material per hour became fine, the passing amount was 6 kg per hour. The results compared with Example 1 are shown in Table 1.

      Three sets of pulverizing means according to the pulverizer of the present invention were used, and the distance between the grinders constituting the pulverizing means was 5 mm, 2 mm, and 200 μm from the upstream side, respectively, and wood chips having a length of 1 to 2 cm were added thereto. Added and crushed. The pulverized material that passed through the pulverizer was about 90 kg per hour.

      Grinding was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the distance between the surfaces of the grinders was set to 200 μm. The passing amount of the pulverized material per hour was 6 kg per hour. The results compared with Example 1 are shown in Table 1.

  It is a cross-sectional schematic explanatory drawing of one Example of the grinder in this invention.

      The pulverizer according to the present invention and the sheet manufacturing equipment incorporating the pulverizer are, for example, a plant that contributes to the recycling of clothing waste, industrial waste, wood waste, waste rubber, etc., and the reduction of carbon dioxide such as bark, pruned branches, or kenaf. Etc. can be expected for effective use.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upstream side cylinder 2 Downstream side cylinder 3 Rotating shaft 4 Motor 5 Raw material inlet 6 Crushed material outlet 7 Spiral blade 8 Disc-shaped stone mill grinder fixed to rotating shaft 8 'Donut shape fixed to cylinder Stone mill type grinder 9 Rotating shaft support 10 Stone mill type grinder fixing means 11 Raw material flow 12 Ground material flow 13 Water inlet 14 Stirring blade 15 Suspension of ground material and water

It is a cross-sectional schematic explanatory drawing of one Example of the grinder in this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing process in this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the grinder clearance distance in this invention, and the ease of the biting of the solid to grind | pulverize.

Claims (8)

It is composed of an upstream cylinder, a downstream cylinder, and a rotary shaft arranged in the longitudinal direction. A spiral groove or a spiral blade is installed on the upstream rotary shaft, and the downstream cylinder is fixed to the rotary shaft. At least two sets of pulverizing means composed of a mortar-type grinder and a mortar-type grinder fixed to a cylinder are arranged, and the raw material is continuously pulverized by the pulverizing means arranged from the upstream side. Stone mill type crusher. The distance between the surfaces of the stone mill grinder constituting the most downstream grinding means is 200 μm or less, and the distance between the faces of the stone mill grinder constituting the upstream grinding means is equal to that of the adjacent downstream grinding means. 2. The mill pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the mill is larger. Crushing means in the upstream region where the inter-surface distance between stone mill type grinders constituting the pulverizing device is 2 mm to 10 mm, crushing means in the intermediate region where the inter-surface distance is 1 mm to 5 mm, and the downstream region where the inter-surface distance is 200 μm or less 3. A mortar-type pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein at least one set of the pulverizing means is disposed. One of the stone mill type grinders constituting the crushing means is a disc-shaped grinder fixed to the rotating shaft, and the other is a donut type grinder having the rotating shaft passing through the central portion fixed to the cylinder. The mortar-type pulverizer according to claim 1, 2, and 3. The millstone grinder according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein the millstone grinder is removable and the distance between the surfaces can be adjusted. The mortar-type pulverizer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the raw material is a woven or non-woven fabric made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber. 6. The mill pulverizer as set forth in claim 1, wherein the raw material is turf. Claim 1 is a sheet manufacturing facility including a fine fiberizing step for pulverizing a raw material, a dispersing step for suspending in water, a step for making a sheet-like product, and a drying step. A sheet manufacturing facility comprising the pulverization method and the pulverizer according to any one of items 1 to 5.