JP2014167306A - Belt type non-stage transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulley split type non-stage transmission which has eliminated slipping between unit pulleys and a belt.SOLUTION: A driving pulley and a driven pulley are divided into a number of unit pulleys 5 and 6 respectively. Each of the unit pulleys 5 and 6 are movement adjustable individually by a unit actuator such as electric motors 18 and 21 and the like. The unit pulleys 5 and 6 are movement adjustable in a state where a belt 7 is not in contact, and the movement amount of the unit pulleys 5 and 6 can be adjusted in such a manner that an outer diameter of the pulley changes gradually. By making the unit actuator 21 mobile, outward movement of the unit pulley 6 can be assisted by utilizing a centrifugal force of the unit actuator 21.

Description

  The present invention relates to a belt type continuously variable transmission used in a vehicle or the like.

  V-belts are generally used for belt-type continuously variable transmissions, and the belt winding diameters of the main and driven pulleys can be changed by changing the distance between a pair of disks constituting the main and driven pulleys. It is adjusting. However, the method using this V-belt has a problem that slip is likely to occur because power is transmitted to the pulley on the inclined surface of the belt, and that it is difficult to deform the belt following the adjustment of the distance between the disks. was there.

  Therefore, it is considered that the outer diameter of the entire pulley is changed by dividing the pulley into a large number of unit pulleys arranged in the circumferential direction and moving each unit pulley in the radial direction. Discloses that the unit pulleys are moved simultaneously by disposing disks on both sides of the group of unit pulleys and guiding the movement of the unit pulleys with inclined guide holes provided in the disks. Yes.

JP 59-26653 A

  Now, when the pulley is divided into a plurality of unit pulleys, the distance between adjacent unit pulleys is changed by moving each unit pulley in the radial direction. However, in Patent Document 1, the unit pulleys move simultaneously in synchronism. For this reason, slippage occurs between the belt and the unit pulley as the unit pulley moves, and there is a problem that the durability of the belt is poor.

  Since each unit pulley moves at the same time, the unit pulley must be moved against the pressing force of the belt when increasing the rotation radius of the unit pulley. Not only is it necessary, but there is also a concern about a decrease in durability of the member.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and aims to improve quality such as excellent durability and operability in a belt type continuously variable transmission in which a pulley is divided into a number of unit pulleys. .

  The present invention has various spreads, and typical examples are specified in claims 1 to 5. Among these, the invention of claim 1 comprises a plurality of driven unit pulleys arranged in the circumferential direction of the driven pulley provided on the driven shaft, while a plurality of driven pulleys arranged on the driven shaft are also arranged in the circumferential direction. In a configuration in which a unit pulley is configured and a belt is wound around the group of main driving unit pulleys and the group of driven unit pulleys, a main driving unit actuator that individually adjusts the rotation radius of each main driving unit pulley is provided in each main driving unit pulley. Correspondingly, a driven unit actuator for individually adjusting the rotation radius of each driven unit pulley is provided corresponding to each driven unit pulley.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the shifting in a state where the main drive shaft is rotating is performed by adjusting the rotation radius of the unit pulley that is not in contact with the belt. . That is, although the unit pulley is rotating, the movement is adjusted before the belt contacts, and the movement is stopped when the belt is in contact.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the shift in a state where the rotation of the main drive shaft is stopped is performed by moving the unit pulley while the tension of the belt is reduced. Is set to

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the main driving unit actuator is disposed so as not to move, and the main driving unit pulley is moved and adjusted by driving the main driving unit actuator, while the driven unit The unit pulley and the driven unit actuator are integrated, and when the driven unit actuator is driven, the driven unit actuator and the driven unit pulley move together in the radial direction. The term “integration” here means that they move together.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the resonance caused by the belt intermittently hitting each unit pulley is prevented by slightly shifting the rotation radius of each unit pulley. Is set.

  In the present invention, since each unit pulley can be moved individually, it is possible to shift the movement timing of each unit pulley so that slippage with the belt does not occur, thereby improving the durability of the belt. In addition, it is possible to reduce the burden on each member and improve its durability. In addition, since the belt can be prevented from slipping, the power transmission is smooth.

  By adopting the constructions of claims 2 and 3, slipping between the unit pulley and the belt can be accurately prevented, and the unit pulley can be moved with a light force. Can be improved.

  If the structure of Claim 4 is employ | adopted, since the centrifugal force of a driven unit actuator acts so that the outward movement of a driven pulley may be assisted, for example, the vehicle changed the shift lever to LOW for the uphill driving | running | working When shifting down so that the rotation ratio of the driven pulley to the driven pulley becomes small as in the case, even if a large load is applied to the driven unit pulley, the outward movement of the driven unit pulley can be performed with a light force. It can be done lightly. Therefore, it is excellent in operability and smoothness during downshifting.

  If the pulley is divided into a large number, there is a possibility that the belt will resonate because it hits each unit pulley intermittently. However, if the configuration of claim 5 is adopted, the contact condition of the belt with respect to the unit pulley will change slightly. Can prevent resonance. Such control is one of the features of the present invention.

It is a front view of a 1st embodiment. (A) is a sectional view taken along line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB in (A), and (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC in (A). (A) is the figure of the state which reduced the diameter of the driven part in 1st Embodiment, (B) is BB sectional drawing of (A), (C) is CC sectional drawing of (B). . (A) is the figure which looked at 2nd Embodiment from the axial direction, (B) is BB sectional drawing of (A). It is sectional drawing of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of a control aspect.

(1). First Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment shown in FIGS. The continuously variable transmission has a main driving shaft 1 and a driven shaft 2 arranged in parallel, and a main driving base 3 and a driven base 4 are fixed to the main driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft 2, respectively ( The shafts 1 and 2 and the bases 3 and 4 may be integrated.

  A large number of main driving unit pulleys 5 arranged in the circumferential direction are attached to the main driving base 3, and the plurality of main driving unit pulleys 5 constitute a driven pulley. On the other hand, a large number of driven unit pulleys 6 arranged in the circumferential direction are also attached to the driven base 4, and the driven pulleys are constituted by the large number of driven unit pulleys 6. In this embodiment, the main driving unit pulley 5 and the driven unit pulley 6 are divided into eight pieces, but it goes without saying that other numbers may be used.

  Although not shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2A, the main driving unit pulley 5 includes left and right flanges 5 a that hold the belt 7 so as not to be laterally displaced. In this respect, the driven unit pulley 6 is the same, and therefore, reference numeral 6a is also shown in FIG.

  2A, guide discs 8 are disposed on both the left and right sides of the group of unit pulleys 5 and 6, and the unit pulleys are disposed in guide slot holes 9 provided radially on the guide disc 8. As shown in FIG. The left and right guide protrusions 10 projecting from 5 and 6 may be fitted. In this case, the unit pulleys 5 and 6 are not necessarily provided with the flanges 5a and 6a. The guide disk 8 is fixed to the main driving shaft 1 or the main driving pulley 3 (may be integrated).

  The driven base 3 has a radially branched form corresponding to the driven unit pulley 5, and a main driving rod 11 is attached to each branch portion of the driven base 3 so as to be movable in the radial direction. Is provided with a main driving unit pulley 5. The main drive unit pulley 5 and the main drive rod 11 may be configured separately and integrated by screwing, welding, or the like, or may be manufactured as an integral structure from the beginning.

  The main driving unit pulley 5 protrudes from the main driving rod 11 on both sides in the circumferential direction. When the rotation radius of each main driving unit pulley 5 is minimized, only a very small gap is opened between the adjacent main driving unit pulleys 5. Is set. The radius of curvature of the outer periphery of the main driving unit pulley 5 is set so that the center of curvature coincides with the rotational axis in the most contracted state, but may be set to another radius of curvature.

  The main rod 11 has a screw shaft with a male thread formed on the outer periphery. A square block 13 is fixed to the end of the main rod 11 opposite to the main unit pulley 5 as a detent means. The block 13 is slidably fitted in a rectangular guide hole 14 provided in the main drive base 3. Spline fitting or the like can also be employed as the detent means. A detent means different from the main rod 11 may be provided. Further, the main driving unit pulley 5 may be stopped by other means.

  Then, a nut 15 into which the main drive rod 11 is screwed is fitted into a recess provided at the outer peripheral end of the main drive base 3 so as to be freely rotatable. The nut 15 is held so as not to be detached by retaining means such as a snap ring 16. Accordingly, when the nut 15 rotates, the main driving rod 11 moves in the axial direction (the direction of radial rotation of the main driving shaft 1), whereby the rotation radius of the main driving unit pulley 5 changes.

  The outer periphery of the nut 15 is a spur gear 17, while the main drive electric motor 18 fixed to the main drive base 3 is provided with a worm gear 19, and the worm gear 19 is engaged with the spur gear 17 on the outer periphery of the nut 15. . Needless to say, the rotation axis of the worm gear 19 and the axis of the main drive rod 11 are orthogonal to each other.

  The main drive electric motor 18 is an example of a main drive unit actuator, and each main drive electric motor 18 can be independently moved and adjusted independently by driving each main drive electric motor 18 individually. The electric motor 18 is fed with a brush (not shown) fixed to the main shaft. There are as many brush contacts (electrodes) as the number of the main drive electric motors 18.

  Next, the driven unit will be described. In the main drive portion, the main drive electric motor 18 is fixed to the main drive base 3, but in the follower portion, a drive electric motor 21 as an example of a drive unit actuator is fixed to the drive unit pulley 6 as clearly shown in FIG. Yes. The driven portion also has a driven rod 22 as a screw shaft. The driven rod 22 is screwed into the female screw hole of the driven base 4.

  And as shown in FIG.3 (C), the front-end | tip of the driven rod 22 and the main axis | shaft 23 of the driven electric motor 21 are connected with connection tools 24, such as a coupling. The driven electric motor 21 is provided with a pair of stopper rods 25 for preventing rotation, and the stopper rods 25 are slidably fitted in stopper holes provided in the driven base 4. The stopper bar 25 is not shown in FIG.

  The attitudes of the driven electric motor 21 and the driven unit pulley 6 are held by the stopper rod 25. When the driven electric motor 21 is driven, the driven rod 22 rotates, and the driven electric motor 21 and the driven unit pulley 6 are driven by the driven shaft 2. Move together in the radial direction (radial direction). The pair of stopper bars 25 are arranged so as to be shifted back and forth in the state of FIG. This is to prevent the stopper rods 25 of the adjacent driven electric motors 21 from interfering with each other.

  A brush for power feeding is also provided on the driven shaft, and electric power is supplied to the driven electric motor 21 by a cable. In order to allow the driven electric motor 21 to move, the power cable has a slight slack. 2A, when the main drive base 3 is provided with an electric clamp 26 that holds the main drive rod 11 and the main drive unit pulley 5 has moved completely outward or inward. It is also possible to lock the position of the main driving unit pulley 5 by gripping the main driving rod 11 with the clamp 26. This also applies to the driven part.

(2). Second Embodiment Although the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 shows only the main driving portion, the driven portion has the same structure. In this embodiment, support discs 27 are arranged on both the left and right sides of the group of main driving unit pulleys 5, and the support discs 27 are provided in radial guide slots 28 corresponding to the main driving unit pulleys 5. The block 6b provided on the main driving unit pulley 5 is provided with guide protrusions 29 and 30 which are slidably fitted into the guide slot 28. The support disk 27 is fixed to the main drive shaft 1 or the main drive base 3.

  Then, the protrusion length of one guide protrusion 29 is lengthened, and the main driving rod 11 as a screw shaft is screwed into this guide protrusion 29, and one end (base end) of the main driving rod 31 is rotatable to the main driving base 3. The other end of the main drive rod 11 is connected to the main shaft of the main drive electric motor 18 fixed to the outer surface of one support disk 27. In this embodiment, the main rod 11 rotates but does not move in the axial direction. Accordingly, when the main driving electric motor 18 is driven, the main driving unit pulley 5 moves in the radial direction of the main driving shaft 1 by the rotation of the main driving rod 11.

  In this second embodiment, the rod 11 is rotationally driven to move the unit pulley 5, but the support disk 27 is fixed to the unit pulley 5 and the gear provided on the main shaft of the electric motor 18 is supported by the support disk 27. It is also possible to move the electric motor 18 and the unit pulley 5 together by meshing with the rack provided in.

(3). Third Embodiment In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, hydraulic pressure is used as the driving means. That is, taking the main driving part as an example, a group of cylinders 33 is fixed to the main driving shaft 1, pistons 34 are slidably fitted into the respective cylinders 33, and piston rods 35 are fixed to the respective pistons 34. The main driving unit pulley 5 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 35.

  The piston 34 is urged in the backward direction by a spring 36 built in the cylinder 33, and the piston 34 moves forward when pressure oil is fed from an oil feed port 37 provided at the base end of the cylinder 33. When oil returns from the oil feed port 38, the piston 34 is retracted by the spring 36.

  The main shaft 1 has an oil hole 38 communicating with the oil feed port 37 of the cylinder 33, and one end of the oil hole 38 opens to the outer periphery of the main shaft 1. An annular groove 39 communicating with the opening 38a is formed. The oil hole 38 opens to the end surface of the main drive shaft 1, but the opening is closed with a plug.

  Further, the main shaft 1 is fitted with a bush 40 so as to cover the opening 38 a and the annular groove 39, and the bush 40 has a hole 41 communicating with the opening 38 a of the oil hole 38. A hydraulic passage 42 is connected to a hole 41 of the bush 40. The hydraulic passage 42 is provided with an electric motor drive type flow control valve 43 and a solenoid valve 44 for turning the flow ON / OFF. The oil holes 38 and the like are arranged corresponding to the respective cylinders 33. The annular groove 39 may be formed in the bush 40, or may be formed in both the main drive shaft 1 and the bush 40.

  In this embodiment, the bush 40 is fixed, but oil can be sent to the cylinder 33 via the hydraulic passage 42 even if the main drive shaft 1 is rotating. For this reason, pressure oil can be sent to advance the piston 34, or the oil can be returned to move the piston 34 backward by the spring 36. For this reason, each main driving unit pulley 5 can be moved individually by an arbitrary amount. Further, when the electromagnetic solenoid 43 is turned on and the flow path is blocked, the oil flow to the cylinder 33 is blocked and the position of the main driving unit pulley 5 is fixed. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the electromagnetic solenoid 43 constitutes a locking means.

(4) Summary Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can be embodied in various ways other than the above, and various control modes can be adopted in the above embodiments. . This point will be described next. The continuously variable transmission is controlled by control means. In the case of being mounted on a vehicle internal combustion engine, the control means may be incorporated in the ECU.

  As a control mode, as shown in FIG. 6, the unit pulleys 5 and 6 that are not in contact with the belt 7 can be moved when shifting by moving the unit pulleys 5 and 6. In this case, if the movement dimension is increased in order from the one located in the front in the rotation direction to the rear, the shift can be smoothly performed. That is, by gradually performing the outer diameter of the pulley composed of the group of unit pulleys 4 and 5 in order from the unit pulleys 5 and 6 that are not in contact with the belt 7, the shift can be smoothly performed.

  Further, when shifting is performed in a state where the shafts 1 and 2 are not rotating, the unit pulleys 5 and 6 may be moved while the belt 7 is not loaded. That is, shifting is performed by retreating one of the group of main driving unit pulleys 5 and the driven unit pulley 6 and projecting the other, but by setting the retreating rate slightly higher than the projecting rate, It is possible to change the speed when the unit pulleys 5 and 6 are not loaded, and to eliminate slippage between the unit pulleys 5 and 6 and the belt 7.

  When resonance occurs due to the fact that the pulley is divided, for example, the resonance point is shifted by slightly changing one or a plurality of projecting dimensions of each main driving unit pulley 5 with respect to the other. , And so on. This shifting may be performed by only one of the group of the main driving unit pulleys 5 and the group of the driven unit pulleys 6, or may be performed by only one of them.

  Now, when the driven unit pulley 6 is moved outward so that the rotational speed of the driven shaft 2 is reduced, the load of the belt 7 acts on the driven unit pulley 6 greatly. Therefore, the driven unit pulley 6 must move outward so as to push the belt 7 against the tension, and thus requires a large force. In this regard, in the first embodiment, since the centrifugal force of the driven electric motor 21 assists the driven unit pulley 6 to move outward, the downshift can be easily performed with a light force.

  When noise that cuts the wind from the unit pulleys 5 and 6 is generated, the interval W (see FIG. 1) between the adjacent unit pulleys 5 and 6 is not uniform and slightly different, This can be dealt with by slightly varying the dimensions E1 and E2 in which 6 protrudes in the circumferential direction from the axis of the rods 11 and 22.

  If the locking means is provided as in the first embodiment or the third embodiment, the transmission rate can be kept constant while the unit actuator is stopped, so that the transmission ratio can be prevented from changing due to vibration or the like. Further, in the case of the hydraulic type as in the third embodiment, since the transmission ratio can be made constant with the hydraulic pressure cut, there is an advantage that the driving energy of the hydraulic pump can be suppressed and the fuel efficiency can be improved.

  The present invention can be actually embodied in a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle or the like. Therefore, it can be used industrially.

1 Drive shaft 2 Drive shaft 3, 4 Base 5 Drive unit pulley 6 Drive unit pulley 7 Belt 11, 22 Rod (screw shaft)
15 Nut 17 Spur Gear 18, 21 Electric Motor as an Example of Unit Actuator 19 Worm Gear

Claims (5)

The main driving pulley provided on the main shaft is composed of a large number of main driving unit pulleys arranged in the circumferential direction, while the driven pulley provided on the driven shaft is also composed of a large number of driven unit pulleys arranged in the circumferential direction. The belt is wound around a group of pulleys and a group of driven unit pulleys,
A main driving unit actuator that individually adjusts the rotation radius of each of the main driving unit pulleys is provided corresponding to each main driving unit pulley. Provided for each unit pulley,
Belt type continuously variable transmission. Shifting in a state where the main drive shaft is rotating is performed by adjusting a rotation radius of a unit pulley that is not in contact with the belt.
The belt-type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1. Shifting in a state where the main drive shaft stops rotating is set to be performed by moving the unit pulley in a state where the tension of the belt is reduced.
The belt-type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 or 2. The main drive unit actuator is disposed so as not to move, and the main drive unit pulley is moved and adjusted by driving the main drive unit actuator,
The driven unit pulley and the driven unit actuator are integrated, and when the driven unit actuator is driven, the driven unit actuator and the driven unit pulley move together in the radial direction.
The belt type continuously variable transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Resonance due to the belt intermittently hitting each unit pulley is set to be prevented by slightly shifting the rotation radius of each unit pulley.
The belt-type continuously variable transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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