JP2014163471A - Manufacturing method of slide member and slide member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a slide member that since an interference between a cylindrical outer and a cylindrical inner is not managed with high accuracy, can suppress time and cost for manufacturing the slide member, and provide the slide member.SOLUTION: A manufacturing method of a bearing 40 laminates a bush 20 and a collar 30 in a radial direction by butting and connecting both side end parts of plate-like member 10, 17. The collar 30 is formed by rolling the bush 20, the phases of abutting surfaces 20j, 30j of the bush 20 and collar 30 with respect to the axial core of the bearing 40 are displaced for each of the bush 20 and collar 30 to be laminated with each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding member manufacturing method and a sliding member technique, and more particularly to a technique for manufacturing a sliding member having excellent workability.

  Conventionally, in various machines such as construction machines and automobiles, a sliding member such as a slide bearing has been used in order to enable rotation of a shaft inserted into a housing, and a technique related thereto is also disclosed (for example, (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-333185 A

  According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, a cylindrical sintered material (inner) is press-fitted into an inner peripheral portion of a cylindrical back metal (outer) to constitute a sliding member. According to such a configuration, since it is necessary to manage the tightening margin between the cylindrical outer and inner with high accuracy, it has been a factor that increases the time and cost for manufacturing the sliding member.

  In view of the above situation, the present invention eliminates the need to manage the tightening allowance between the cylindrical outer and inner with high accuracy, and thus suppresses the time and cost required for manufacturing the sliding member. Provided are a manufacturing method of a sliding member and a sliding member that can be performed.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  In other words, in claim 1, a sliding member is formed by overlapping a plurality of cylindrical members formed by abutting and joining both end portions of a plate-like member in the radial direction. The outer cylindrical member is formed so as to involve the inner cylindrical member, and a plurality of phases of the butted surfaces of the cylindrical member with respect to the axis of the sliding member are set. Each cylindrical member is displaced and overlapped.

  In the present invention, the plurality of cylindrical members may be divided into planes that pass through the respective butting surfaces by dividing the sliding members at substantially equal angles and not overlapping each other. The phase of the butting surface in the cylindrical member is deviated.

  In Claim 3, the sliding member is formed by superimposing two cylindrical members formed by abutting and joining both end portions of the plate-like member in the radial direction, thereby forming the sliding member. In the method, the outer cylindrical member is formed so as to enclose the inner cylindrical member, and the planes passing through the respective butting surfaces of the two cylindrical members are orthogonal to each other. The phase of the butting surfaces in the cylindrical member is deviated and overlapped.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical member located on the innermost peripheral side includes a backing metal that is an outer peripheral portion and a lining that is an inner peripheral portion.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the hardness of the cylindrical member is smaller than the hardness of the cylindrical member located on the inner peripheral side.

  In Claim 6, the both-sides edge part of the said cylindrical member is formed in the clinch shape which can mutually be engaged, and the both-sides edge part of the said cylindrical member is joined by engaging the said clinch shape. .

  In Claim 7, the both-sides edge part of the said cylindrical member is joined by welding.

  In Claim 8, it manufactures with the manufacturing method of the sliding member of any one of Claim 1-7.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  According to the manufacturing method of the sliding member and the sliding member according to the present invention, it is not necessary to manage the interference between the cylindrical outer and the inner with high accuracy. Time and cost can be reduced.

The perspective view which showed the sliding member which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which showed the flow in the manufacturing method of the sliding member which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which showed each process which concerns on manufacture of a bush. The figure which showed each process which concerns on manufacture of a sliding member. The figure which showed the end surface of the sliding member which concerns on this embodiment.

First, the manufacturing method of the bearing 40 (refer FIG.1, FIG.4 and FIG.5) which is a sliding member which concerns on 1st embodiment is demonstrated.
The bearing 40, which is a sliding member according to the present embodiment, is a slide bearing that is used to allow a shaft inserted into a housing (not shown) to rotate, and is used by being press-fitted into the housing.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the bearing 40 has a collar 30 that is a cylindrical outer member formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bush 20 that is a cylindrical inner member. 40 are manufactured in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the bush 20 according to the present embodiment is mainly formed by each process of rough bending (step S11), butt forming (step S12), and heat treatment (step S13). On the other hand, the collar 30 mainly inserts the bushing 20 (step S31) and entrains (step S32) after the plate-like member 17 is subjected to each process of clinching (step S21) and rough bending (step S22). The bearing 40 is completed at the same time as the oil-impregnated finish (step S33).

  The method for forming the bush 20 according to the present embodiment will be further described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3 in detail, the bushing 20 is formed by spraying powder (step S01), sintering / rolling (step S02), indentation (step S03), rough bending (step S11), butt molding (step). Each step of S12) is provided. Hereinafter, each process is demonstrated concretely.

  In the powder spraying step (step S01) shown in FIG. 3, first, a back metal 15 that is a plate-like metal member is prepared. For example, an iron-based member is used as the material of the back metal 15. Next, metal powder in which iron powder and copper powder are mainly mixed substantially uniformly is sprayed on the surface 15a of the back metal 15 using a spraying device to form the sprayed layer 11b. Thus, the spreading layer 11b is formed substantially uniformly on the surface of the plate-like back metal 15 to constitute the plate-like pre-sintering member 10b.

  Next, in the sintering / rolling step (step S02) shown in FIG. 3, the pre-sintering member 10b configured in the powder spraying step (step S01) is placed in a sintering furnace and heated with a heater, and the main layer in the spraying layer 11b The sprayed layer 11b is sintered in an atmosphere at a temperature (for example, 800 to 1300 degrees) lower than the melting point of the component iron powder. As a result, the spreading layer 11 b becomes the porous sintered layer 11, and the pre-sintering member 10 b becomes the sintered alloy 10 that is an inner plate member made of the bimetal of the back metal 15 and the sintered layer 11. As will be described later, the sintered alloy 10 is formed as a lining in which the back metal 15 is an outer peripheral portion of the bush 20 and the sintered layer 11 is an inner peripheral portion of the bush 20.

  In the present embodiment, the sintering process is repeated a plurality of times, and at the same time, by performing a rolling process in which the sintered alloy 10 is rolled with a roller during the sintering process, the plate thickness of the sintered alloy 10 is reduced. . Further, in the present embodiment, the sintered alloy 10 is formed by the continuous sintering method, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which it is formed by another method such as a single body sintering method.

  Next, in the indent forming step (step S03) shown in FIG. 3, the sintered alloy 10 is pressed by a pressing machine (not shown), so that the surface of the sintered alloy 10 on the side of the sintered layer 11 (the lining of the bush 20). A large number of indents 10a, which are depressions, are formed on the inner peripheral surface. The indent 10a in the present embodiment is formed as a large number of spherical depressions, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which grooves are processed instead of the indent 10a.

  Next, in the rough bending process (step S11) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sintered alloy 10 in which the indent 10a is formed in the indent forming process (step S03) is not shown so that the sintered layer 11 is on the inside. Bending is performed by winding with a bending machine or the like to form a bending member 10C having a semi-cylindrical central portion. The inner surface (the surface on which the indent 10a is formed) of the bending member 10C formed by this rough bending process becomes the inner peripheral surface of the lining in the bush 20.

Next, in the butt-forming process (step S12) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the central portion (semi-cylindrical portion) of the bending member 10C is set on the side of the upper die 51s which is a semi-cylindrical fixed die. . Then, the lower mold 51m, which is also a semi-cylindrical movable mold, is brought close to the end of the bending member 10C as indicated by an arrow U1 shown in FIG. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, both end portions of the bending member 10C, which is an inner plate-like member, are abutted by being deformed along the semi-cylindrical surface of the lower die 51m, thereby forming the bush 20 which is an inner member. It is. At this time, a surface formed by abutting both end portions of the bending member 10 </ b> C is defined as a butting surface 20 j of the bush 20. A plane P1 passing through the abutting surface 20j passes through the axis of the bearing 40 (see FIG. 5).
At this stage, there may be a slight gap at the butted portion of the bush 20. That is, the bush 20 only needs to be formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the butt portion need not be completely joined.

  Next, in the heat treatment step (step S13) shown in FIG. 2, the bush 20 is cured by performing heat treatment such as quenching and tempering on the bush 20. By this treatment, the hardness of each of the backing metal 15 and the sintered layer 11 is improved (for example, the backing metal 15 has a Vickers hardness of 100 to 400, the sintered layer 11 has a Vickers hardness of 300 to 800), and the strength of the bush 20 is improved. .

  Next, the method for forming the collar 30 according to the present embodiment will be further described with reference to FIG. In detail, as shown in FIG. 4, the collar 30 is subjected to clinching cutting (step S21) and rough bending (step S22) on the plate-like member 17, and then the bush 20 is inserted (step S31). It is formed by each step of (Step S32). Hereinafter, each process is demonstrated concretely.

  In the clinching cutting step (step S21) shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the long plate member 16 which is a steel plate is punched with a clinching die 61 as shown by an arrow P in FIG. In this embodiment, the hardness of the long plate member 16 is smaller than the hardness of the bush 20 that is the inner member. Both end portions of the plate-like member 17 are formed in a clinch shape that can be engaged with each other. Specifically, an engagement convex portion 17a that is an engagement portion is formed in a substantially circular shape at one end portion (right end portion in FIG. 4) of the plate-like member 17, and the other end portion of the plate-like member 17 (FIG. 4). An engagement recess 17b, which is an engaged portion, is formed in a substantially circular shape on the same level as the engagement projection 17a. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the long plate member 16 is punched in order with the clinch mold 61 in which the shapes of the engaging convex portion 17 a and the engaging concave portion 17 b are formed, whereby the plate-like member 17 having a clinch shape at both ends. Is formed.

  Next, in the rough bending process (step S22) shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the plate-like member 17 formed in the clinching cutting process (step S21) is wound by a bending machine or the like (not shown) to perform the bending process. Forms a semi-cylindrical bending member 17C. At this time, the curvature radius of the inner peripheral surface of the bending member 17 </ b> C is formed to be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the curvature radius of the outer peripheral surface of the bush 20. The outer surface of the bending member 17 </ b> C formed by this rough bending process becomes the outer peripheral surface of the collar 30, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 40.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the bush 20 as the inner member is inserted inside the bending member 17C (step S31). 2 and 4, in the winding forming step (step S32), the central portion (semi-cylindrical portion) of the bending member 17C and the bush 20 are placed on the upper die 52s side which is a semi-cylindrical fixed die. set. Then, the lower mold 52m, which is also a semi-cylindrical movable mold, is brought close to the end of the bending member 17C as indicated by an arrow U2 shown in FIG. Thus, as shown in FIG. 4, the clinch shape is engaged so that the bush 20 is wound by deforming both side ends of the bending member 17C, which is a plate-like member, along the semi-cylindrical surface of the lower mold 52m. . Specifically, both end portions of the bending member 17C, which is a plate-like member, are joined by causing the engaging convex portion 17a to enter and engage with the engaging concave portion 17b. At this time, the surfaces formed by abutting both end portions of the bending member 17C (specifically, the surfaces excluding the engaging convex portion 17a and the engaging concave portion 17b of both end surfaces of the bending member 17C are in contact with each other. The surface formed in this manner is a butted surface 30j of the collar 30. A plane P2 passing through the abutting surface 30j passes through the axis of the bearing 40 (see FIG. 5). In this way, the bearing 40 having the outer peripheral surface of the collar 30 as the outer member is formed.

  Next, in the oil impregnation / finishing step (step S33) shown in FIG. 2, the bearing 40 is impregnated with an oil component made of high viscosity lubricating oil using an oil impregnation machine. In the oil impregnation step, the high-viscosity lubricating oil is heated to lower the viscosity, and the bearing 40 is immersed in the lubricating oil and left in a vacuum atmosphere. As a result, the air in the pores of the bearing 40 is sucked out of the pores, while the low-viscosity lubricating oil is sucked into the pores of the bearing 40. When the bearing 40 that has sucked the lubricating oil is taken out into the air and allowed to cool to room temperature, the low-viscosity lubricating oil returns to the original high-viscosity lubricating oil in the pores of the bearing 40 and loses fluidity. As a result, the high-viscosity lubricating oil can be retained in the pores of the bearing 40.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the bearing 40 is manufactured, the cylindrical sintered material (inner) is not press-fitted into the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical back metal (outer), but the inner member (bush 20) is not pressed. The outer member (collar 30) is wound around the periphery. Thereby, since it is not necessary to manage the interference between the cylindrical inner member and the outer member with high accuracy, it is possible to reduce the time and cost for manufacturing the sliding member. In addition, although the bearing 40 according to the present embodiment is configured with two layers of the bush 20 and the collar 30, it may be configured with three or more layers including other members inside. That is, the member located at the outermost peripheral portion is a plate-like member, and both end portions thereof are butted and joined.

  In the manufacturing method of the bearing 40 that is the sliding member according to the present embodiment, when the bush 20 that is the inner member is formed, the bending member 10C is pressed in the vertical direction by the upper die 51s and the lower die 51m. Yes. For this reason, the bush 20 is flattened in the vertical direction (X1 direction shown in FIG. 3 and hereinafter referred to as “flat direction X1”) (the diameter in the vertical direction is smaller than the diameter in the horizontal direction), and the end The shape of the part may be elliptical.

  Further, when the collar 30 as the outer member is molded, the bending member 17C is configured to be pressed in the vertical direction by the upper mold 52s and the lower mold 52m. For this reason, the collar 30 is flattened in the vertical direction (X2 direction shown in FIG. 4; hereinafter referred to as “flattened direction X2”) (the diameter in the vertical direction is smaller than the diameter in the horizontal direction), and the end The shape of the part may be elliptical.

  In this embodiment, in order to prevent the bush 20 and the collar 30 from being flattened as described above and the roundness of the end portion of the bearing 40 to be reduced, as shown in FIG. The bush 20 and the collar 30 are superposed by shifting the phase of the butted surfaces 20j and 30j of the bush 20 and the collar 30.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, when the center portion (semi-cylindrical portion) of the bending member 17 </ b> C and the bush 20 are set on the upper mold 52 s in the butt molding step (step S <b> 32), the bush 20 is pivoted. It is inserted into the bending member 17C while being rotated around the center (in the present embodiment, rotated about 90 degrees). Thereby, since the butting surface 20j of the bush 20 and the butting surface 30j of the collar 30 are located on different planes, the directions of the flat direction X1 and the flat direction X2 can be made different. That is, by configuring as described above, the deformation of the bush 20 (flattening in the X1 direction) and the deformation of the collar 30 (flattening in the X2 direction) can be offset, so that the end of the bearing 40 has an elliptical shape. Therefore, the roundness of the bearing 40 is ensured. This prevents the bearing 40 from being deformed and the strength from being lowered.

  In the present embodiment, the butting surfaces 20j and 30b of the bush 20 and the collar 30 are divided so that the planes P1 and P2 passing through the butting surfaces 20j and 30j of the bush 20 and the collar 30 divide the bearing 40 at substantially equal angles. The phase of 30j is deviated. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the bearings 40 are divided by about 90 degrees by the planes P1 and P2 by making the planes P1 and P2 orthogonal. With this configuration, the deformation of the bush 20 (flattening in the X1 direction) and the deformation of the collar 30 (flattening in the X2 direction) can be offset more efficiently.

  In this embodiment, in order to form the bearing 40 by superimposing the two cylindrical members of the bush 20 and the collar 30, the planes P1 and P2 are orthogonal to each other. However, there are two cylindrical members. If there are more, the angle between the planes will be different. That is, when there are more than two cylindrical members, the planes passing through the butting surfaces of the respective cylindrical members are arranged at positions where the bearings 40 are divided at substantially equal angles and do not overlap each other. Just do it. For example, when the number of cylindrical members is three, the planes that pass through the butting surfaces of the cylindrical members may be configured to intersect every about 60 degrees. When the number of cylindrical members is four, What is necessary is just to comprise so that the plane which passes along the butt | matching surface of a cylindrical member may cross | intersect every about 45 degree | times.

  In the present embodiment, the bush 20 includes a backing metal 15 that is an outer peripheral portion and a sintered layer 11 that is a lining of the inner peripheral portion. And before the formation process of the color | collar 30, the indent formation process which forms the indent 10a which is many dents in the internal peripheral surface of lining (sintered layer 11) is provided. Thereby, when using the bearing 40, lubricating oil can be hold | maintained with the indent 10a formed in the internal peripheral surface, and slidability can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the collar 30 that is the outer member has a hardness that is smaller than the hardness of the bush 20 located on the inner peripheral side. As a result, the hardness of the outer member on the winding side is reduced, so that the moldability is improved when the collar 30 is formed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the both-sides edge part of the plate-shaped member 17 is formed in the clinch shape which can be mutually engaged. And in the formation process of the collar | collar 30, the both ends of the plate-shaped member 17 (bending member 17C) are joined by the butt | matching surface 30j by engaging a clinch shape. As a result, the clinch shape can be engaged at the same time as the collar 30 is formed, and the number of steps can be reduced as compared with a configuration in which the collar 30 is separately joined. In addition, it is also possible to employ a configuration in which both side ends are joined by welding or the like without forming a clinch shape on the plate-like member in the formation process of the collar 30.

  Further, when forming the bush 20 that is the inner member, in the butt-forming process (step S12), both end portions of the bending member 10C that is the inner plate-like member are joined at the butt surface 20j by clinch or welding. It is also possible to adopt a configuration.

Further, in the present embodiment, a heat treatment step for heat treating the bush 20 is provided before the collar 30 formation step. Thereby, the hardness of the bush 20 (back metal 15 and the sintered layer 11) can be improved.
Further, even when there is a gap between the ends of the bush 20 that is the inner member in the butt-forming process (step S12), the gap can be closed in the outer member wrap-up process (step S32). Is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sintered alloy 11 Sintered layer 15 Back metal 17 Plate-shaped member 17C Bending member 20 Bush 20j Abutting surface (bush)
30 color 30j butt surface (color)
40 Bearing

Claims (8)

A sliding member manufacturing method for forming a sliding member by overlapping a plurality of cylindrical members formed by abutting and joining both end portions of a plate-like member in the radial direction,
The outer cylindrical member is formed so as to involve the inner cylindrical member,
The phase of the abutting surface of the cylindrical member with respect to the axis of the sliding member is deviated and superimposed for each of the plurality of cylindrical members.
The manufacturing method of the sliding member characterized by the above-mentioned. The butt in the plurality of cylindrical members is such that planes passing through the butt surfaces of the plurality of cylindrical members divide the sliding member at a substantially equal angle and do not overlap each other. Deviate the phase of the surface,
The manufacturing method of the sliding member of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. A sliding member manufacturing method for forming a sliding member by superimposing two cylindrical members formed by abutting and joining both end portions of a plate-shaped member in a radial direction,
The outer cylindrical member is formed so as to involve the inner cylindrical member,
The phase of the butting surfaces in the cylindrical member is deviated and overlapped so that the planes passing through the butting surfaces in the two cylindrical members are orthogonal to each other,
The manufacturing method of the sliding member characterized by the above-mentioned. The cylindrical member located on the innermost side includes a back metal that is an outer peripheral part and a lining that is an inner peripheral part.
The manufacturing method of the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The hardness of the cylindrical member is smaller than the hardness of the cylindrical member located on the inner peripheral side,
The method for manufacturing a sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sliding member is manufactured as described above. Both side ends of the cylindrical member are formed in a clinch shape that can be engaged with each other,
By joining the clinch shape, the both end portions of the cylindrical member are joined.
The manufacturing method of the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein Joining both ends of the cylindrical member by welding;
The manufacturing method of the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein It manufactured with the manufacturing method of the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A sliding member characterized by that.

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