JP2014161595A - Dental drill - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dental drill with excellent cutting performance.SOLUTION: A dental drill 1A comprises a nearly-cylindrical cutting part 3 that includes: multiple cutting blades 31 that are arranged away from one another at a front end part 3a; and multiple grooves 32 that individually extend from each vicinity of the cutting blades 31 toward a rear end part 3b. Each of the cutting blades 31 includes an inner blade and an outer blade in sequence. The inner blade is substantially parallel to a rotation axis S or is inclined outward from the rotation axis S in a direction separating from the rear end part 3b on the basis of a vertical surface vertical to the rotation axis S. The outer blade is arranged at an outer position than the inner blade and is inclined outward from the rotation axis S in a direction approaching the rear end part 3b on the basis of the vertical surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dental drill used in a dental implant implantation operation.

Patent Document 1 describes a dental drill that drills a fixture insertion hole in a patient's alveolar bone in a dental implant implantation operation.
However, the conventional dental drill as described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that its cutting edge is difficult to bite into the alveolar bone at the start of cutting and is inferior in machinability.

JP 2012-75696 A

  The subject of this invention is providing the dental drill excellent in machinability.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found a solution means having the following constitution and have completed the present invention.
(1) A substantially cylindrical cutting having a plurality of cutting blades that are located apart from each other at the front end portion, and a plurality of grooves that extend from the vicinity of each of the plurality of cutting blades toward the rear end portion. Each of the plurality of cutting blades has an inner blade and an outer blade in order, and the inner blade is substantially parallel to the rotating shaft or is perpendicular to the rotating shaft as it goes outward from the rotating shaft. The outer blade is inclined outwardly from the rear edge with respect to a vertical surface, and the outer blade is located outward from the inner blade, and is perpendicular to the rotation shaft. A dental drill that is inclined in a direction approaching the rear end with respect to a surface.
(2) The dental drill according to (1), wherein each of the plurality of cutting blades further includes a middle blade connected to each of the inner blade and the outer blade.
(3) The dental drill according to (2), wherein a length of the middle blade is shorter than any of the inner blade and the outer blade.
(4) The plurality of cutting blades have first, second, and third cutting blades in order, and the first, second, and third cutting blades are based on the rotation axis when viewed from the front end. The dental drill according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the dental drill is positioned so as to have a rotational symmetry of 120 °.
(5) The dentistry according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein each of the plurality of grooves extends linearly and is spaced apart from each other over the entire length of the cutting portion. Drill.
(6) Each of the plurality of grooves is rounded up in a state where an end portion located on the rear end portion side is bent in a direction opposite to the rotation direction. A dental drill according to any one of the above.
(7) The cutting portion is located between the cutting blades adjacent to each other among the plurality of cutting blades at the tip portion, and the rear end portion is based on the vertical plane as it goes rearward in the rotation direction. The dental drill according to any one of (1) to (6), further including a plurality of inclined portions that are inclined toward a direction approaching.
(8) The dental drill according to (7), wherein all of the plurality of inclined portions are located apart from each other.
(9) The dental drill according to (7) or (8), wherein each of the plurality of inclined portions has a curved surface shape.
(10) The cutting portion is located between the plurality of cutting blades and the plurality of grooves, and is inclined in a direction approaching the rear end portion with reference to the vertical plane as it goes rearward in the rotation direction. The dental drill according to any one of (1) to (9), further including a plurality of flank faces.
(11) The cutting part further includes a tapered region that is located in the vicinity of the tip part and has an outer diameter that increases toward the rear end part. The dental drill according to any one of the above.
(12) The dental drill according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the cutting portion further includes a guide hole opened around the rotation shaft at the tip portion.

  According to the present invention, the cutting edge can easily bite into the alveolar bone at the start of cutting, and thus has an effect of being excellent in the cutting ability of the alveolar bone.

It is a side view which shows the dental drill which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the dental drill shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing the dental drill shown in FIG. 1. It is a side view which shows the dental drill which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the dental drill shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing the dental drill shown in FIG. 4.

<Dental drill>
(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a dental drill according to a first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “drill”) will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the drill 1 </ b> A of the present embodiment rotates in the rotation direction indicated by the arrow a around the rotation axis S, and is sent in the feed direction indicated by the arrow b, so that the fixture is embedded. A hole is drilled in the patient's alveolar bone. Examples of the constituent material of the drill 1A include titanium alloys and stainless steel (SUS).

  1 A of drills of this embodiment are equipped with the shank part 2 and the cutting part 3 in an order from the base end part side. The shank part 2 is a part attached to a predetermined handpiece. The shank part 2 of this embodiment is located in the base end part of the drill 1A.

  On the other hand, the cutting part 3 is a site | part which has a main role in the cutting process of an alveolar bone. The cutting part 3 of the present embodiment is located on one end side of the shank part 2. Moreover, although the cutting part 3 of this embodiment is substantially cylindrical shape and the length from the front-end | tip part 3a to the rear-end part 3b is about 5-20 mm, it is not limited to this.

  And the cutting part 3 of this embodiment is extended toward the rear-end part 3b from the some cutting blade 31 which is located mutually apart in the front-end | tip part 3a, and the vicinity of each of the several cutting blade 31. FIG. A plurality of grooves 32.

  Here, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the plurality of cutting blades 31 has an inner blade 311 and an outer blade 312 in order. The inner blade 311 of the present embodiment is substantially parallel to the rotation axis S. “Substantially parallel” means substantially parallel. Further, the outer blade 312 of the present embodiment is located outward from the inner blade 311. The outer blade 312 of this embodiment is a drill as indicated by an arrow b in a direction approaching the rear end 3b with reference to a vertical surface (not shown) perpendicular to the rotation axis S as it goes outward from the rotation axis S. It is inclined in the direction opposite to the feed direction of 1A. According to these structures, since the cutting blade 31 protrudes moderately in the feed direction of the drill 1A, the cutting blade 31 is easy to bite into the alveolar bone at the start of cutting, and as a result, excellent cutting performance with respect to the alveolar bone is exhibited. It becomes possible.

  In the present embodiment, each of the plurality of cutting blades 31 further includes a middle blade 313 connected to each of the inner blade 311 and the outer blade 312. The middle blade 313 of the present embodiment is configured so that the length thereof is shorter than any of the inner blade 311 and the outer blade 312. In the present embodiment, the inner blade 311, the outer blade 312, and the middle blade 313 are all linear.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of the plurality of cutting blades 31 is three. If demonstrating it concretely, in this embodiment, the some cutting blade 31 has 31 A of 1st cutting blades, the 2nd cutting blade 31B, and the 3rd cutting blade 31C in order along a rotation direction. In the present embodiment, the first to third cutting blades 31A to 31C are positioned so as to be 120 ° rotationally symmetric with respect to the rotation axis S in the front end view. The distal end view means a state in which the drill 1A is viewed from the distal end portion 3a side. According to the configuration described above, the cutting load is evenly applied to each of the first to third cutting blades 31A to 31C, and therefore it is possible to improve the straight-running stability of the drill 1A when cutting the alveolar bone. It becomes. In addition, the number of the some cutting blade 31 is not limited to three, Usually, it can select arbitrarily from the range of about 2-5.

  In this embodiment, the chip | tip produced | generated with the cutting blade 31 mentioned above is a powder form, and consists of a patient's alveolar bone. Therefore, the chip of this embodiment can be reused, for example, by attaching to the outer periphery of the fixture to be embedded to promote bone regeneration. From the viewpoint of the reuse of chips, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, all of the plurality of grooves 32 extend linearly. More specifically, in the present embodiment, all of the plurality of grooves 32 extend substantially parallel to the rotation axis S. In the present embodiment, the plurality of grooves 32 are all located away from each other over the entire length of the cutting portion 3. According to these configurations, the chips generated by the cutting blade 31 can easily flow into the groove 32 and be easily held in the groove 32, and the chips can be easily taken out from the groove 32 after cutting. Is possible. Furthermore, according to the above-described configuration, since the configuration of the groove 32 is simplified, the processing time of the groove 32 can be shortened in the manufacturing process of the drill 1A.

  From the viewpoint of improving these effects, in the present embodiment, the end portion 32b positioned on the rear end portion 3b side of the groove 32 is rounded up in a state of being bent in the direction opposite to the rotational direction. More specifically, in the present embodiment, the end 32b positioned on the rear end 3b side of the groove 32 is cut in a direction away from the rotation axis S in a state where the end 32b is bent toward the opposite side of the rotation direction. It is up.

  In the present embodiment, all of the plurality of grooves 32 are positioned corresponding to the plurality of cutting blades 31. Therefore, the number of the plurality of grooves 32 is the same as the number of the plurality of cutting blades 31. In the present embodiment, as described above, since the number of cutting blades 31 is three, the number of grooves 32 is also three as shown in FIG. And in this embodiment, the 1st-3rd groove | channels 32A-32C are located corresponding to each of the 1st-3rd cutting blade 31A-31C.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cutting portion 3 of the present embodiment has a plurality of slopes positioned between the cutting blades 31 adjacent to each other among the plurality of cutting blades 31 in the distal end portion 3 a. A part 33 is further provided. In the present embodiment, all of the plurality of inclined portions 33 are inclined toward the direction approaching the rear end portion 3b with reference to the above-described vertical plane as it goes rearward in the rotation direction. According to such a configuration, the cutting blade 31 appropriately protrudes in the feed direction of the drill 1 </ b> A, and chips generated by the cutting blade 31 efficiently flow into the groove 32.

  From the viewpoint of improving these effects, in the present embodiment, the plurality of inclined portions 33 are all located away from each other. In the present embodiment, all of the plurality of inclined portions 33 are curved. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of inclined portions 33 are such that the end portion 33 a located on the rear side in the rotational direction is located on the rear end portion 3 b side with respect to the middle blade 313. doing.

  The cutting part 3 of the present embodiment further has a plurality of flank surfaces 34 positioned between the plurality of cutting blades 31 and the plurality of grooves 32. Each of the plurality of flank surfaces 34 is a part having a role of reducing cutting resistance by avoiding contact with the alveolar bone. In the present embodiment, all of the plurality of flank surfaces 34 are inclined toward the direction approaching the rear end portion 3b with reference to the above-described vertical surface as it goes rearward in the rotational direction. Therefore, the flank 34 of this embodiment is planar.

  In addition, the flank 34 mentioned above can also be comprised in a curved surface shape as needed. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the end 32 a located on the tip 3 a side of the groove 32 is continuous with the corresponding cutting edge 31 via the flank 34. According to such a configuration, the chips generated by the cutting blade 31 flow into the corresponding groove 32 through the flank 34.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the area | region where the groove | channel 32 does not exist among the outer periphery of the cutting part 3 exists as the land 35, and the outer diameter of the cutting part 3 is maintained with the magnitude | size before forming the groove | channel 32. Has been. That is, the land 35 of the present embodiment is a portion corresponding to the outer periphery of the cutting part 3 in a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the rotation axis S. And the cutting part 3 of this embodiment further has the taper area | region 36 which is located in the vicinity of the front-end | tip part 3a, and becomes large as the outer diameter of the cutting part 3 mentioned above goes to the rear-end part 3b. According to such a configuration, the cutting resistance at the start of cutting can be reduced, and the shape of the embedding hole can be made to correspond to the shape of a general fixture having a tapered outer periphery.

  Moreover, the cutting part 3 of this embodiment further has a guide hole 37 that is opened around the rotation axis S at the tip part 3a. According to such a configuration, since a predetermined guide is inserted into the guide hole 37 and the embedding hole can be drilled in the alveolar bone along the guide, accurate drilling is possible.

  In addition, a stopper (not shown) can be attached to the drill 1A of the present embodiment described above in order to control the cutting depth. The configuration of the stopper is not particularly limited as long as the cutting depth can be controlled. The stopper may be formed integrally with the drill 1A, or may be formed of a separate member and attached to the drill 1A. The attachment position of the stopper is usually the rear end portion 3b of the cutting portion 3 or the vicinity thereof.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a drill according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, the same components as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 described above may be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4-6, in this embodiment, the structure of the inner blade 311 differs from 1st Embodiment mentioned above. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, in the drill 1 </ b> B of the present embodiment, as the inner blade 311 moves outward from the rotation axis S, the rear end 3 b starts from the vertical surface described above. It inclines toward the direction which leaves | separates, ie, the feed direction of the drill 1B shown by the arrow b. Even with such a configuration, since the cutting blade 31 protrudes appropriately in the feed direction of the drill 1B, the cutting blade 31 can easily bite into the alveolar bone at the start of cutting, and as a result, excellent cutting performance with respect to the alveolar bone is exhibited. It becomes possible.

  In this embodiment, among the inner blade 311, the outer blade 312, and the middle blade 313, the outer blade 312 and the middle blade 313 are linear as in the first embodiment described above, but the inner blade 311 It has a curved shape convex toward the end 3b.

Moreover, the cutting part 3 of this embodiment does not have the guide hole 37 mentioned above. The cutting part 3 of this embodiment is located around the rotation axis S in the tip part 3a, and further includes a hollow part 38 that is recessed with respect to the reference plane described above.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the drill 1A according to the first embodiment described above, the description thereof is omitted.

<Dental implant implantation surgery>
Next, a dental implant implantation operation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking as an example the case of using the drill 1A described above.

  In the dental implant implantation operation of the present embodiment, first, the drill 1A described above is rotated about the rotation axis S in the rotation direction indicated by the arrow a.

  Next, the drill 1A is fed in the feed direction indicated by the arrow b, the plurality of cutting blades 31 of the rotating drill 1A are brought into contact with the patient's alveolar bone, and the fixture embedding hole is formed in the patient's alveolar bone. Perforate. For the reason described above, the drill 1A is easy to bite into the alveolar bone when the cutting blade 31 starts cutting, and therefore, it is possible to drill an embedding hole with excellent processing accuracy.

  Next, the drill 1A is pulled out from the embedding hole, and the alveolar bone and the drill 1A are relatively separated from each other. Then, the fixture is embedded in the drilled insertion hole, and after the fixation of the fixture to the jawbone is completed, a structural component is attached to the rear end portion of the fixture to form a dental implant, and the treatment is completed.

  Through the above procedure, a dental implant implantation operation using the drill 1A of the present embodiment can be performed. In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated taking the case of using the drill 1A as an example, also about the drill 1B mentioned above, a dental implant implantation operation can be performed in the procedure similar to the drill 1A.

  As mentioned above, although some embodiment which concerns on this invention was illustrated, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It cannot be overemphasized that it can be made arbitrary, unless it deviates from the summary of this invention. .

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the inner blade 311 and the outer blade 312 are connected to each other via the middle blade 313, but instead, the inner blade 311 and the outer blade 312 are connected via the middle blade 313. It can be connected directly without

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, all of the plurality of grooves 32 extend linearly. However, instead of this, the plurality of grooves 32 are configured to extend, for example, in a spiral shape depending on the case or the like. can do.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the area | region where the groove | channel 32 does not exist among the outer periphery of the cutting part 3 exists as the land 35, it replaces with this and the area | region where the groove | channel 32 does not exist is cut edge. Can be.

1A, 1B Dental drill 2 Shank part 3 Cutting part 3a Front end part 3b Rear end part 31 Cutting blade 311 Inner blade 312 Outer blade 313 Middle blade 31A First cutting blade 31B Second cutting blade 31C Third cutting blade 32 Groove 32a End Part 32b End part 32A First groove 32B Second groove 32C Third groove 33 Inclined part 33a End part 34 Relief surface 35 Land 36 Tapered area 37 Guide hole 38 Recessed part S Rotating shaft a Rotating direction b Feeding direction

Claims (12)

A plurality of cutting blades that are located apart from each other at the tip;
A plurality of grooves extending from the vicinity of each of the plurality of cutting blades toward the rear end, and a substantially cylindrical cutting portion having
Each of the plurality of cutting blades has an inner blade and an outer blade in order,
The inner blade is substantially parallel to the rotation axis, or is inclined toward the direction away from the rear end portion with reference to a vertical plane perpendicular to the rotation axis as going outward from the rotation axis,
The outer blade is located outward from the inner blade and is inclined toward the direction approaching the rear end portion with reference to the vertical plane as it goes outward from the rotating shaft. Dental drill.   The dental drill according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of cutting blades further includes a middle blade connected to each of the inner blade and the outer blade.   The dental drill according to claim 2, wherein the length of the middle blade is shorter than the length of either the inner blade or the outer blade. The plurality of cutting blades have first, second and third cutting blades in order,
The first, second, and third cutting edges are positioned so as to be 120 ° rotationally symmetric with respect to the rotation axis in a front end view. Dental drill.   The dental drill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein all of the plurality of grooves extend linearly and are spaced apart from each other over the entire length of the cutting portion.   6. The plurality of grooves according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of grooves is rounded up in a state where an end portion located on the rear end portion side is bent toward a direction opposite to a rotation direction. Dental drill.   The cutting portion is located between the cutting blades adjacent to each other among the plurality of cutting blades at the tip portion, and approaches the rear end portion with reference to the vertical plane as it goes rearward in the rotation direction. The dental drill according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a plurality of inclined portions inclined toward the center.   The dental drill according to claim 7, wherein all of the plurality of inclined portions are located away from each other.   The dental drill according to claim 7 or 8, wherein each of the plurality of inclined portions has a curved surface shape.   The cutting portion is located between the plurality of cutting blades and the plurality of grooves, and is inclined in a direction approaching the rear end portion with reference to the vertical plane as it goes rearward in the rotation direction. The dental drill according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of flank surfaces.   The said cutting part is located in the vicinity of the said front-end | tip part, and further has a taper area | region where the outer diameter of the said cutting part becomes large as it goes to the said rear-end part. Dental drill.   The dental drill according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the cutting portion further includes a guide hole opened around the rotation shaft at the tip portion.

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