JP2014156776A - Dust scattering suppression method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust scattering suppression method that can enclose a work object with "foamy matter" and exert the effect of suppressing scattering of dust and the like, while enabling immediate removal of the "foamy matter" when necessary.SOLUTION: A dust scattering suppression method for suppressing scattering of dust from a work object 60 of civil engineering work, construction work, and demolition work includes an enclosure step of enclosing the work object 60 with foamy matter 50, a work step of performing work for the work object 60, and a removal step of partially or wholly removing the foamy matter 50 by water.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust scattering suppression method capable of suppressing generation of dust and the like during civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work.

  Civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work often generate dust or the like due to the nature of the work. In particular, the generation of dust or the like is unavoidable in the demolition work (all or a part) of a building. If measures against dust are neglected, the dust will scatter to the surroundings, causing discomfort to the residents living in the vicinity of the site, and possibly causing health damage. Therefore, various ideas have been made to suppress the generation of dust and the like accompanying the work.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of demolishing a building by filling the inside of the demolished building with “viscosity bubbles generated with a surfactant and air” when working on a work machine. ing. If “bubbles” are used as in Patent Document 1, the amount of “bubbles” remains for a certain period of time and remains there, so that the amount of water is small (for example, on a weight basis) compared to the case where water is scattered. Effective suppression of scattering of dust and the like is possible.

JP-A-8-284438

  According to the method described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to effectively suppress the generation of dust and the like by surely filling the “bubbles”.

  However, the work may be difficult due to the presence of “bubbles”. For example, if only a part of a building is to be demolished, after clearly grasping the “parts to be demolished” and “parts that should not be demolished”, only the “parts to be demolished” are accurately demolished. There is a need to. In such a case, if a large amount of “bubbles” are present on the surface of the work object to be disassembled, the determination is unavoidably difficult. At the same time, although "bubbles" vary in degree, they continue to exist as "bubbles" for a certain period of time (this is exactly the advantage of using "bubbles"), and the bubbles disappear and are at a sufficient level If we waited for the visible light to reach the point, it becomes a problem from the viewpoint of work efficiency.

  However, on the other hand, in order to effectively prevent dust and the like from scattering, it is desirable that a certain amount of “bubbles” exist, and the two are in a trade-off relationship.

  Therefore, the present invention breaks such a trade-off relationship, surrounds the work object with “foam”, and exerts the effect of suppressing scattering of dust etc., and immediately removes this “foam” when necessary. An object of the present invention is to provide a dust scattering suppression method that can be removed.

  The present invention relates to a dust scattering suppression method for suppressing dust scattering from a work object for civil engineering work, construction work, or dismantling work, an enclosing step of surrounding the work object with a foam, and the work object The above-described problems are solved by including an operation process for performing an operation on an object and a removal process for partially or entirely removing the foam with a fluid.

  That is, when performing an operation in which generation of dust or the like is predicted, the work object is surrounded in advance (or concurrently with the operation) with a foam. Therefore, scattering of dust and the like due to work can be effectively suppressed. And a fluid (for example, water, air, etc.) is ejected and the foam which surrounds the work target object is removed partially or entirely. For example, when only a specific part of a building is dismantled, the position and the like can be easily reconfirmed during the work.

  At this time, when the fluid is water, the foam can be removed quickly and completely. In addition, the amount of water used is sufficient for the removal of foam, so damage on the site due to the use of water (for example, earth and sand will flow out together with water, or the area around the site will be flooded) ) Will not reach a problem level.

  In addition, when the fluid is air, since the foam can be removed without using water at all, the merit of using the foam to suppress dust scattering (for example, the amount of water used can be drastically reduced, It is possible to make the best use of the site without being submerged.

  In addition, it is more effective to provide a foaming outlet for ejecting the foam and a fluid discharge outlet for ejecting the fluid in a working unit that performs work while approaching or contacting the work object in the work machine. . Thereby, it becomes possible to spout a foam and fluid (water, air, etc.) with respect to a work target simultaneously with work. In particular, if foam is supplied to the work object in parallel with the work, a more complete effect of suppressing scattering of dust and the like can be exhibited.

  By applying the present invention, it is possible to immediately remove the “foam” when necessary while enclosing the work object with the “foam” to exert the dust scattering suppression effect.

Schematic overall configuration diagram of a work machine to which the present invention is applied Enlarged view around the working section in FIG. Schematic configuration diagram showing a first example of a bubble generation mechanism Schematic configuration diagram showing a second example of the bubble generation mechanism Schematic configuration diagram when foam generation mechanism is applied in the boom and arm Schematic configuration diagram showing the dismantling work status

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of a work machine to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view around the working unit in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a first example of a bubble generation mechanism. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second example of the bubble generating mechanism. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram when a bubble generating mechanism is applied in the arm and the boom.

<Configuration of work machine>
A work machine 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is, for example, a work machine used for a building demolition work. More specifically, it is a so-called “crusher” in which the attachment (working unit) at the tip of the arm of the power shovel is replaced from a bucket to a crusher.

  The work machine 1 includes two endless tracks 3 on the lower side of the main body 2, and the endless track 3 can freely move the entire work machine 1. Further, the main body 2 can freely turn about 360 ° with respect to the endless track 3. The boom 4 extends from the main body 2, an arm 5 connected to the boom 4, and a working unit (attachment) 10 provided at the tip of the arm 5. The working unit 10 according to the present embodiment is a “crusher” that can grip a work target such as a building or crush the gripped work target with pressure. Further, the boom 4 can be rotated with the connecting portion with the main body 2 as a fulcrum, the arm 5 can be rotated with the connecting portion with the boom 4 as a fulcrum, and the working portion 10 can open and close the blade edge (mouth). Is possible. The work machine 1 is provided with a boarding section (not shown) on which a worker rides and is driven by the operation of the worker.

  A base part of the working unit 10 provided at the tip of the arm 5 (a connecting part between the working unit 10 and the arm 5) includes a foam ejection nozzle (foaming port) 12 and a water ejection nozzle (fluid ejection port) 14. Two nozzles are installed. Literally, it is possible to eject a foam-like substance (a liquid in which a gas such as air is rounded) at a predetermined timing. On the other hand, water can be ejected from the water ejection nozzle 14 at a predetermined timing. In FIG. 2, the state is exaggerated conceptually for ease of understanding, but may not necessarily match a specific configuration in an actual work machine. For example, in FIG. 2, the tip of each nozzle is configured to protrude, but a configuration that does not protrude so as not to interfere with work may be employed. Moreover, although it is set as the structure by which the foam ejection nozzle 12 and the water ejection nozzle 14 are each arrange | positioned one each, it is not a thing of the meaning limited to such a structure.

  Moreover, the said working machine 1 is equipped with the foam generation mechanism 30 for generating the foam-like substance 50 ejected from the foam ejection nozzle 12 (refer FIG. 3). Here, a foam generation chamber 32 in which a stock solution 40 as a raw material of the foam 50 is sealed, an inflow pipe 36 through which air can flow into the foam generation chamber 32 from the outside, and a foam generated in the foam generation chamber 32. An outflow pipe 38 for guiding the object 50 to the outside is provided. The inflow pipe 36 is arranged such that its tip is immersed in the stock solution 40. In addition, a pump mechanism (not shown) such as a compressor is connected to the inflow pipe 36 so that a predetermined amount of air can flow into the bubble generating chamber 32 through the inflow pipe 36 at a predetermined timing. ing. That is, when air flows into the bubble generation chamber 32 via the inflow pipe 36, the air stirs the stock solution 40, and the foam 50 is generated in the bubble generation chamber 32 by the stirring operation. The foam 50 generated in the foam generation chamber 32 is guided to the outside (the foam ejection nozzle 12) through the outflow pipe 38.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a configuration may be adopted in which a foam storage chamber 34 that temporarily stores the foam 50 generated in the foam generation chamber 32 is provided. Here, the foam generation chamber 32 and the foam storage chamber 34 are connected by an intermediate pipe 37. In addition, an outflow pipe 38 is connected to the foam storage chamber 34 so that the foam 50 can be guided to the outside (the foam ejection nozzle 12). Thus, by providing the foam storage chamber 34 and always storing a certain amount of the foam 50, it is possible to quickly eject the foam 50 at a timing when the operator wants to eject the foam 50. It becomes.

  For example, it is also possible to employ a configuration in which the bubble generating mechanism 30 is disposed inside the boom 4 and / or the arm 5 of the work machine 1. Originally, the boom 4 and the arm 5 are often provided with a space in order to ensure strength while suppressing weight. Using the space, it is possible to arrange the bubble generation chamber 32 and / or the bubble storage chamber 34 in the bubble generation mechanism 30 described above. Conceptually, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a foam generation chamber 32 is provided in the boom 4, while a foam storage chamber 34 is provided in the arm 5. Although not shown here, the bubble generation chamber 32 and the bubble storage chamber 34 are connected by an intermediate pipe. These constitute a “foaming mechanism”.

  With such a configuration, the foam generation chamber 32 and the foam storage chamber 34, that is, the foam generation mechanism 30 can be configured using the space that originally existed. There is no need to change the size or the like of the work machine 1. Further, since the bubble generation mechanism 30 is located at a position close to the position of the working unit 10 (that is, the position of the bubble ejection nozzle 12), it is possible to quickly release the generated foam 50 when necessary.

  The water ejection nozzle 14 is connected to a water storage tank (not shown) in which water is stored, and is further connected to a compressor (not shown) to supply a predetermined amount of water at a predetermined timing. It is possible to eject from the ejection nozzle 14. These constitute a “fluid discharge mechanism”.

<Operation of work machine>
As shown in FIG. 6, the work machine 1 according to the present invention, for example, in performing a dismantling work of a building, ejects the foam 50 from the foam ejection nozzle 12 to the work object 60 in advance. The foam 50 is attached to the surface of the object 60. After that, the work unit 60 disassembles (breaks, crushes, etc.) the work object 60. Although dust and the like are inherently generated by this dismantling operation, since the work object 60 is surrounded by the foam 50 as described above, scattering of dust and the like is suppressed. Since the foam has a large surface area, dust and the like can be adsorbed effectively, so that generation of dust can be effectively suppressed. In addition, dust and the like during work can be effectively prevented by the foam, so that the operator's dust mask and protective glasses are no longer necessary or simple.

  On the other hand, most of the foam is a gas (air) contained in the volume, and has a large volume when it is foamed, but it remains as a little liquid when defoaming. A large amount of water does not remain compared to “water discharge for suppression”.

  Further, when it is desired to remove the foam 50 temporarily, a predetermined amount of water can be ejected from the water ejection nozzle 14 and the foam 50 can be removed. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the water ejection nozzle 14 is provided in the working unit 10 that can be freely moved by the boom 4 and the arm 5, water can be ejected while driving the boom 4 and the arm 5. The foam 50 at a desired position can be easily removed. That is, there is no need to wait for the foam 50 to disappear with the passage of time, and the disassembly work can be performed efficiently.

  At the same time, it is very effective for the safety of workers. For example, it is possible for another worker to remove the foam by discharging water to the work target with a hose or the like when necessary. However, if such an operation is to be performed, it must be performed in the vicinity of the work machine. If an operator is arranged in the vicinity of the work machine, there is an unavoidable risk of a contact accident between the work machine and the worker. However, if the present invention is applied, water can be ejected from the work machine 1 itself, so that it is not necessary to separately arrange an operator in the vicinity of the work machine 1 and the danger can be fundamentally eliminated. ing.

  On the other hand, even when the foam 50 is removed by ejecting water, the dust once captured by the foam 50 is not scattered. Further, since the fluid to be ejected is “water”, the foam 50 can be removed quickly and completely. Moreover, since the amount of water used is sufficient for the removal of the foam 50, damage to the site caused by the use of water (for example, earth and sand will flow out to the outside along with water, or the surrounding area will be submerged. Will not reach the level of concern. Therefore, simple on-site processing after work is sufficient.

  In this embodiment, water is ejected from the water ejection nozzle 14 in order to remove the foam 50. For example, the foam 50 may be removed by ejecting air. . If it is removal by air, the foam 50 can be removed without using any water (moisture), so the merit of using the foam 50 to suppress dust scattering (for example, drastically reducing the amount of water used) Can be used as it is.

  In addition, after removing the foam 50, it is of course possible to eject the foam 50 again if necessary.

  If the present invention is applied in this way, when performing an operation in which generation of dust or the like is predicted, the object 50 is supplied by supplying the foam 50 from the bubble ejection nozzle 12 in advance (or simultaneously with the operation). Can be surrounded. Therefore, scattering of dust and the like due to work can be effectively suppressed. At the same time, when it is desired to temporarily remove the foam 50, water is supplied from the water jet nozzle 14 to partially (or in some cases, entirely) the foam 50 surrounding the work object. ) Can be removed. For example, when only a specific part of a building is dismantled, the position and the like can be easily reconfirmed during the work.

  The configuration of the bubble generating mechanism 30 described above is merely an example, and any configuration may be used as long as the foam 50 can be generated. As described above, the foam may be produced in advance and the foam may be ejected. On the other hand, when the stock solution that is the raw material of the foam is ejected from the foam ejection nozzle, the foam is simultaneously ejected. The configuration may be changed to a shape.

  In the above description, a so-called “crusher” is described as an example of the work machine, but the application of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the same effect can be obtained when applied to a pile driver, pile remover, bulldozer, tractor excavator, power shovel, backhoe, drag line, clam shell, crawler drill, earth drill, crane, road cutter, breaker, etc. Can do. In short, the present invention can be widely applied to work machines that perform work that may generate dust in civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work.

  The present invention is particularly suitable for dismantling work, repair work and the like of fixed structures.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Work machine 2 ... Main body 3 ... Endless track 4 ... Boom 5 ... Arm 10 ... Working part 12 ... Bubble ejection nozzle (foam outlet)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 ... Water ejection nozzle 30 ... Foam generation mechanism 32 ... Foam generation chamber 34 ... Foam storage chamber 36 ... Inflow pipe 37 ... Intermediate pipe 38 ... Outflow pipe 40 ... Stock solution 50 ... Foam 60 ... Work object

Claims (5)

A dust scattering suppression method for suppressing dust scattering from work objects of civil engineering work, construction work, and dismantling work,
An enclosing step of enclosing the work object with foam;
A work process for working on the work object;
A removal step of removing the foam partly or entirely with a fluid;
A method for suppressing dust scattering, comprising: In claim 1,
The dust scattering control method, wherein the surrounding process and the removing process are performed by a work machine that performs the work process. In claim 2,
The dust outlet characterized in that the foaming outlet for ejecting the foam and the fluid discharge outlet for ejecting the fluid are provided in a working unit that works by approaching or contacting the work object in the work machine. Splash suppression method. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The said fluid is water. The dust scattering suppression method characterized by the above-mentioned. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The said fluid is air. The dust scattering suppression method characterized by the above-mentioned.