JP2014152537A - Quick heat roof snow melting heater panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy saving heater panel laid on an existing iron plate roof.SOLUTION: A quick heat snow melting heater panel uses carbon steel in which an electrical conduction heating element has a property decreased in resistance temperature coefficient and increased in current value according to rise in heating temperature and which has a carbon content of 0.01%-0.2%. The heater panel is laid on an inclined roof surface between seams of an existing sheet metal roof with the inclined direction as a longitudinal direction, has fixing means for holding and fixing snow sliding prevention means and a seam part on an upper surface, and controls an input time and an overcurrent electrically.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shape and structure of a snow melting heater for a roof and a control method.

  Conventional roof snow melting systems are mainly used for roof heaters that melt under ice roofs and icicles that are stored under the roofing material and cause leakage at the eaves. For roof heaters that have not been installed, the roof material (long iron plate) is cut or rolled up, and after laying the roof heater, the roof material (long iron plate) is put back again. It was made.

  The following is a disclosure of the prior art. In JP-A-9-88255, a sheet heating element carbon film is fixed to the back surface of a newly-installed metal roof material, and electric input is sequentially transferred to the next sheet heating element alone at a slight interval, or In addition, it is disclosed that snow melting is performed using a carbon film (butyl-based black smoke rubber sheet) that can increase or decrease the calorific value by changing the input voltage on the secondary side.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-240264 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-336415 disclose a heater fixing bracket as a snow melting device for a roof and a construction method thereof.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-324219 discloses that stainless steel is used for the heating element.

JP-A-9-88255 JP 2008-240264 A JP 2006-336415 A JP 2006-324219 A

  In the case of a roof heater, the roof sheet metal cutting processing of the eaves and the trace when the sheet metal is rolled up deteriorates over time, resulting in a tear of metal fatigue, which causes troubles such as leakage and rain leakage. Even if the heater is installed only at the eaves, the roofing material above the heat source is made of metal, so when electricity is turned off, the melted snow water is caught on the cold iron plate and freezes, and even if electricity is re-input, there is an air layer between the ice and the iron plate part. As a result, the snow melting effect is lost, so there is a disadvantage that electricity is not cut off and the initial cost is too high. In addition, when installing the snow melting heater on the entire roof, the roofing material had to be replaced and fixed on the back, and the equipment cost was in addition to the heater installation cost. In addition, it required a lot of electricity and lacked the ease of general distribution.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-88255 of Patent Document 1 discloses an input system that uses a sheet heating element and melts snow while sequentially transferring electric input to the next sheet heating element alone at a slight interval. There is a hassle to increase or decrease the input voltage by adjusting the primary side voltage to the resistance value of the heating element (butyl black rubber sheet) with a transformer, and the snow load on the roof surface affects the resistance value of this heating element The heat generation temperature was uneven.
Regarding fixing of the heater, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-240264 of Patent Document 2 is a fixing in which a panel pressing arm that is long in the inclination direction is arranged on the collar part and the collar part is sandwiched by two sandwiching pieces. A method is disclosed. In this invention, the planar heater installed in the eaves part of the roof is laid on the fence, and there is no adhesion in the height difference (15 mm) between the flat part of the iron plate and the saddle part, and there is a fear of flying due to gusts or the like. there were. The reverse U-shaped configuration that is sandwiched from above by the bolts of the fixtures that are clamped by the heel is easy in construction but is not a structure that allows bolts to be inserted into the holes. I was worried about the certainty.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-336415 of Patent Document 3 discloses an embodiment in which a plurality of electric heating boards are configured to be folded and fixed to the engagement holes with hooks, wire ropes, or the like. Moreover, the snow melting surface of most electric heating boards so far has only been configured to transmit snow melting heat. It has been assumed that most snow melting heater surfaces have a snow melting function. For this reason, a general configuration has been made as an increase in the cost of simply strengthening the snow stopper in a separate frame for the snow slide when it becomes snowmelt water at the time of heat generation. There was no idea to prevent (falling snow).
Finally, in claim 4 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-324219 of Patent Document 4, “a method of manufacturing a floor heating seat heater, wherein the heating element sheet is a stainless steel sheet” is disclosed. In the present invention, the heating element covered with the laminate is a concept as a “highly corrosion-resistant” stainless steel sheet. In paragraph 0030, “the width dimension W1 and the adjacent interval D1 of the female die 21a are finally formed. It is determined from the total resistance value of the meandering heating element 2 ”, which is an idea that emphasizes only corrosion resistance using stainless steel as a heating element as a resistance element. It is not an invention competing with the idea base described in claim 1.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a panel shape in which a linear or belt-like conductive heating element is reciprocated on a surface and the upper and lower surfaces are insulated and molded with FRP, and the conductive heating element increases the heating temperature. In accordance with the carbon steel having 0.01% to 0.2% of carbon having the property that the temperature coefficient of resistance decreases and the current value increases accordingly, primary control is performed with an input time of 15 to 100 seconds, A fast-heated roof snow melting heater panel is characterized by performing secondary control to limit the intended overcurrent.
In addition, it is installed on the inclined roof surface between the fences of the conventional sheet metal roof with the inclination direction as the longitudinal direction, and has a snow sliding prevention means on the upper surface of the heater panel for preventing snow from sliding down. It is preferable to provide a rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel characterized by having fixing means for fixing the heater panel by sandwiching the portion.

Further, a plurality of the snow-sliding prevention means are provided on the upper surface of the heater panel from one of the width ends to the other width end in the longitudinal direction, or from the width end toward the center of the width (the center of the width end and the width end). It is preferable to provide a rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel characterized by having linear protrusions inclined at an appropriate angle including perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Further, it is preferable that the snow sliding prevention means is a rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel in which an uneven surface is formed by spraying silica sand on the upper surface of the FRP.
In addition, the center of the width in the longitudinal direction (width edge and the center of the width edge) is fitted to the convex shape (ant hook) in the center of the longitudinal direction, which is intermediate between the ridges and ridges of the conventional sheet metal roof. It is preferable to provide a rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel provided with a linear concave groove portion that can be mounted.

In addition, the fixing means includes an L-shaped metal fitting that is fixed with one side of an L-shape sandwiching the flange, and the other side pressing and fixing the heater panel from above. A snow melting heater panel is preferred.
In addition, the fixing means is a storage device in which one side of the L-shape is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion, and the other side stores the upper or lower corner end in the longitudinal direction of the heater panel or stores and fixes both ends. It is preferable to provide a rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel characterized by comprising:

The material including the conductive heating element of the present invention preferably has excellent properties such as FRP, such as insulation, heat resistance, heat insulation, weather resistance, and heat storage, between the heating element and the heating element. It is preferable that the upper and lower FRP materials are in close contact with the non-heating portion.

According to the present invention, the amount of snowfall during the non-heat generation time of one circuit and the snowmelt latent heat energy during the snowmelt time can be accommodated, so that power can be saved. Moreover, since the heater panel is installed in the longitudinal direction of the roof sheet metal, the snow melting area is expanded because the snow is melted while controlling each circuit even during non-snowfall. Moreover, since it is FRP production specification that can be specialized in the roof shape, the roof material is not damaged because it does not cut the roof material or raise the sheet metal. In addition, the construction is simple because it is mounted on the roof and fixed. In addition, maintenance such as roof painting is easy because it is fixed to the roof with dedicated metal fittings that are easy to attach and detach. In addition, if a sloped protrusion is provided on the top surface of the panel, synthetic force will act on the snow, and if unevenness is provided by blowing silica sand, etc., resistance to snow slide will occur and the snow stopper will not be strengthened. There is no worry of falling snow.

It is explanatory drawing of the panel board | substrate of the heater panel of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the laying state of the heater panel of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the laying state of the heater panel of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the fixing bracket of the heater panel of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the fixing bracket of the heater panel of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which laid the heater panel of this invention in the building. It is fixing metal explanatory drawing of the heater panel up-and-down angle of this invention. It is fixing metal explanatory drawing of the heater panel up-and-down angle of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the control method of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, the basic structure of the roof heater of this invention is shown. A linear or belt-like heating element is reciprocated on the surface of a resin substrate 11 such as FRP, and is integrally covered with FRP from above. 1A shows a state in which the linear heating element 12 is reciprocated with respect to the substrate 11, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. Indicates that it is covered and insulated by FRP. (C) shows a state in which the belt-like heating element 13 is reciprocated on the substrate 11, and (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of (c). Indicates that The structure of the inlet and outlet of the linear heating element 12 and the belt-like heating element 13 is an end part that is spot welded or resin-bonded with a single lead wire, and is electrically insulated and connected to a COM wire in a single-sided connection. Connected to the circuit.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The temperature coefficient of resistance of stainless steel (× 10 ^-6 / ° C) decreases with increasing heat generation temperature and increases the current value. Therefore, the temperature rises indefinitely, and this characteristic is usually unsuitable as a heating element. . The present invention changes the way of thinking and tries to use this feature in reverse.

  The exothermic material of the present invention is a linear or belt-like heating element made of stainless steel mainly composed of 0.01% (semi-extra low carbon steel) to 0.2% (low carbon steel). , Which is reciprocated on the surface, which is an unsuitable defect as a conductive heating element, utilizing the characteristic of the property that the resistance temperature coefficient decreases and the current value increases in accordance with the rise of the heating temperature It has been made. The above range is desirable for the carbon content of stainless steel exhibiting the above characteristics.

For the control method of the heater material with the property of increasing the current value of the present invention, the input time is controlled (primary control) in the range of 15 seconds to 100 seconds with the single wattage of the heater panel. When intentionally continuing to input to a single panel beyond the specified time, inevitably taking into account the overcurrent that occurs when the current is amplified (with the knowledge that overcurrent occurs) Control (secondary control) for limiting the overcurrent is performed. If the energizing time is less than 15 seconds, the required melting latent heat cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 100 seconds, the heating will be excessive, and the return time (return time) of switching each panel will become longer, resulting in improved snow melting efficiency. Deteriorate.
Furthermore, if each heater panel is provided with a sensor for detecting an abnormal temperature on the surface of the heater panel, heat generation can be controlled more safely.

  The heater panel according to the present invention has a panel shape in which the upper and lower surfaces are insulated and molded with a resin such as FRP. As shown in FIG. 2, the inclined direction is inclined on the inclined roof surface between the flanges 21 and 21 of the conventional sheet metal roof. As a longitudinal direction, it is placed over the existing sheet metal (tin 20). Formed so as to cover from the top to the center of the widthwise end and the widthwise end with respect to the longitudinal direction, the ridge of the conventional sheet metal roof and the intermediate ridge (ant hook) 22 which is the convex shape portion of the longitudinal center of the ridge The recessed groove portion 25 is provided. Since it comprises in this way, when laying a panel, it has the form which can be completely closely_fit | fitted to the existing roof sheet metal without the trouble of avoiding an intermediate hook.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the surface characteristics of the heater panel are the center of the width (from the width end to the center of the width end and the width end) from the width end to the other width end or from the width end on the upper surface. A plurality of linear protrusions 23 (23a, 23b) inclined at an appropriate angle including perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and adjacent snow slides collide due to the inclination of the protrusions. It is characterized by a composition that creates a composite force and resists snowfall. 2 shows a case where there is an intermediate hook (ant hook) 22 (that is, a panel having a groove portion 25), and FIG. 3 shows a case where there is no intermediate hook (ant hook) 22 (ie, a panel where there is no groove portion 25). Is shown. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the protrusions 23a and 23b are inclined in the direction from the opposite flange 21 side to the intermediate flange 22 side. If there is an intermediate ridge, the direction of inclination is not particular. FIG. 3 shows a case where the protrusion 33 (33a, 33b) of the heater panel 16 is inclined toward the width center portion 16c 馳 21 side when there is no recess groove.

As a method for fixing the heater panel of the present invention, one side of the L-shape is fixed by holding a collar portion by a fixing means, and the other side is provided with an L-shaped metal fitting that presses and fixes the panel.
FIG. 4 shows a fixing method of the heater panel according to the present invention in the case where there is an intermediate rod 22. The panel laid between the adjacent ridges 21 and 21 has a concave groove portion 25 in the middle between the left flat surface portion 15a and the right flat surface portion 15b, and is laid by inserting the concave groove portion 25 into the intermediate ridge 22 Is fixed with a metal fitting to be described later.

FIG. 5 shows a panel fixing bracket. As shown in the drawing, bolts 53 are inserted and fixed in holes on one side (surface) of the pair of left and right L-shaped holding brackets with the holding tool 52 of the flange 21, and the heater panel is formed with the L-shaped other piece 51. Press to fix. When a panel is laid only on one side of the ridge so as to appear at the edge of the roof, the ridge 21 is sandwiched and fixed by one L-type sandwiching bracket and a sandwiching bracket piece.
FIG. 5 shows the case of the flat panel 16, but in the case of FIG. 4, the panel flat portions 15 a and 15 b have a function of pressing and fixing the panel by the flat portion of the L-shaped bracket.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a metal fitting that is fixed using a corner portion of the panel. The case where the triangular case 55 which accommodates the upper and lower corners of the panel is shown is shown. The triangular case 55 is fixed with a bolt 53 or the like with an L-shaped metal fitting 52 holding the collar 21 therebetween.
The L-shaped one side (surface) side is fixed by holding the collar portion by a fixing means, and the other side (surface) side is provided with a storage device for storing and fixing the upper or lower corner end of the panel. It is ensured to ensure that there is no deviation.

  In FIG. 7, the example which provided the fall prevention tool 56 which supports the heater panel 15 on the lower side is shown. The fall prevention tool 56 is fixed by a bolt 53 with an L-shaped metal fitting 52 sandwiching the flange 21 interposed therebetween.

In FIG. 8, the laying state of the panel of this invention to the building 61 is shown. The figure shows the case of 9 circuits. The input time in each circuit is 60 seconds, and each circuit has a heater panel laid at a distance of 455 mm in width, and 2 sheets each with a depth of 1 m. There is one circuit.
Selection of snowmelt can be selected in snowfall conditions such as daily snowmelt input time of 3 hours or 5 hours, intermittent 2-hour power off, 1-hour power-on 8 hours a day. In the snow melting control system, when 18 heater panels are energized and controlled for 60 seconds as 2 circuits each, the time to return to the first circuit and generate heat is 9 minutes later.

  FIG. 9 shows a control method. The power supply AC200V is connected to the COM line, which is the common line of each heater connected to each circuit, via the earth leakage breaker AC200V / 10A. On the other hand, the earth leakage breaker is converted to a transformer AC5V that operates the CPU. Is connected to the internal switch. In this example, 1 circuit to 9 circuits. Each relay is energized for 60 seconds and returned to 1 circuit when 9 circuits are completed. There are three types of daily heat generation settings: 3 hours, 5 hours, 2 hours cut, 1 hour input.

  As a further control method of the present invention, primary control in which the heat generation time is input in seconds by thinking of the rapid heat characteristics of the heat generating material in reverse, and secondary control of the breaker that prevents the intended overcurrent. However, taking into account when the COU has run out of control, a temperature sensor used as a normal control for general heaters is fixed to each heater panel to detect it, and the safe heat generation temperature of the heater panel It is desirable to be managed.

Next, the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with respect to the effect of energy-saving control of cutting for 2 hours and inputting for 1 hour, and the heat insulating property and heat storage property of the mold material of the panel heater.
The freezing temperature of snowmelt water increases most around -3 to -7, and even below this temperature, freezing does not increase beyond the temperature range indicated above. This temperature range is also the temperature range where snow falls, and in rare cases, there is a very sparkling fine ice snowfall phenomenon called diamond dust when it is colder and clear and there is no wind. In other words, snow becomes heavy and snowfall is less at too cold temperatures. In such a temperature range, the time when the snowmelt water begins to freeze is around 2 hours. Therefore, compared to the metal (long iron plate) that reacts and cools in response to the outside temperature when frozen, such as a roof heater, the heat insulation property of FRP has a margin in freezing time against negative temperatures, Furthermore, it becomes a heat storage effect and the snow melting effect is sustained.

Here, the roof heater as a typical example of the snow melting heater and the power consumption of the present invention will be shown and the effect (energy saving) will be described in detail.
As the area of a general roof heater, the length of a 40 cm eave is 8.2 m and its m ² is 3.2 m ² . The power consumption is 1.148 kw (140 w / m), and the electricity consumption for one month is calculated.
1.148kw x 24 hours x 30 days = 826.56kw
Basic power consumption is 1 kw. The heater panel for the rapid heating roof snow melting according to the present invention has a width of 1 m, an eave length of 8.2 m, and an m ² of 8.2 m ² . Power consumption is 1.7 kW.
Calculate the electricity consumption for one month.
1.7kw x 8 hours (2 hours cut 1 hour input) x 30 days = 408kw
Basic power consumption is 2 kw. Therefore, the amount of electricity is 49.36% with a snow melting area 2.5 times that of the current roof heater.

Next, the snow melting energy capability will be described in detail. (This is a theoretical calculation of snow melting using the theoretical values in which the lower surface of the heater is insulated and the heat of snow melting is directed toward snow with lower temperatures.)
It takes 9 minutes (18 馳 2) because snowmelt input for 1 minute for each circuit for snowfall of 200 mm in 8 hours.
The amount of snow in the circuit of the non-heating part that can be placed on the 0.9m input) is 0.4166 mm (200 mm ÷ 480 minutes) × 9
The minute is 3.75 mm.
The formula for calculating the thermal energy required for the amount of snowfall is:
0.45 m × 2 m × 0.004166 m × snow density 80 kg / m ³ = 0.2999 kg. The necessary heat for melting snow is 1 kg = 80 kcal / kg and 23.996 kcal / kg.
The fast-heated roof snow melting heater panel of the present invention has 0.45 m × 2 m (1 m × 2) = 1.7 kw, 1.7 joules per second, and 102 k joules for 60 seconds, and kcal conversion is 4.19. When divided, the latent heat of snow melting per minute is 24.344 kcal. Therefore, it exceeds the snowmelt latent heat (23.996 kcal / kg) required for falling snow. Furthermore, there is a method of using a snowfall sensor together, and snow does not continue to fall every day, and even when the amount of snowfall is exceeded, it is possible to cope with the snow melting time on a non-snowfall day. Also, visual operation that always reduces the snow load is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heater panel of a linear heating element 2 Heater panel of a belt-shaped heating element 11 Substrate 12 Linear heating element 13 Band-shaped heating element 15 (15a, 15b) Panel flat surface portion (ant-hanging specification)
16 Panel plane (vertical flat type)
20 Iron plate
21 馳 22 Intermediate ridge 23 (23a, 23b) Protrusion 33 (33a, 33b) Protrusion 25 Recessed groove 51 L-shaped bracket 52 L-shaped pinching bracket 55 Triangular case 56 Fall prevention device 61 Building 62 Roof 63 Circuit

Claims (7)

  A linear or belt-like conductive heating element is reciprocated on the surface, and the upper and lower surfaces are insulation-molded with FRP. The conductive heating element has a resistance temperature coefficient that decreases as the heating temperature increases, and the current value Is a carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.01% to 0.2% that has the property of increasing the primary control, and performs the primary control with an input time of 15 to 100 seconds to limit the intended overcurrent. A fast-heated roof snow melting heater panel, characterized by   It is installed on the sloping roof surface between the reeds of the conventional sheet metal roof with the slant direction as the longitudinal direction, and has a means for preventing snow sliding on the upper surface, and also has fixing means for sandwiching and fixing the reeds. The rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel according to claim 1, wherein   The snow-sliding prevention means has an appropriate angle on the upper surface, including one perpendicular to the longitudinal direction from one of the width ends to the other width end, or from the width end to the center of the width. 3. The rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel according to claim 2, further comprising a linear projecting portion which is inclined.   The quick-heated roof snow-melting heater panel according to claim 2, wherein the snow-sliding prevention means has an uneven surface formed by spraying silica sand on the upper surface.   A straight concave groove that can be fitted in and attached to the convex shape (ant hook) of the central portion in the longitudinal direction, which is the middle of the ridges and ridges of the conventional sheet metal roof, in the central portion of the width in the longitudinal direction 5. The rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel according to claim 2, further comprising:   The said fixing means is provided with the L-shaped metal fitting which hold | suppresses and fixes the said heater panel, and the other side is clamped and fixed to the L-shaped one side. The quick-heated roof snowmelt heater panel according to any one of   The fixing means is provided with a storage device in which one side of the L-shape is fixed by sandwiching the flange portion, and the other side stores and fixes the upper or lower corner of the heater panel. The rapid heating roof snow melting heater panel according to any one of claims 2 to 6.

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