JP2014151763A - Vehicle door opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle door opening/closing device which can easily open and close upper and lower doors with a simple structure.SOLUTION: A vehicle door opening/closing device 10 includes an upper door 16 and a lower door 18 which are respectively arranged so as to rotate and open/close in a vertical direction with upper and lower ends as rotation support points with respect to an opening part 14 formed on a vehicle 12. The vehicle door opening/closing device 10 includes a link mechanism 20 which connects the upper door 16 and the lower door 18. The link mechanism 20 interlocks with opening/closing operation of either of the upper or lower doors 16, 18 and makes the other door act in an open state or a closed state. With this structure, the upper and lower doors 16, 18 can be easily opened and closed with a simple structure.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle door opening / closing device, and more particularly to an improvement of an opening / closing mechanism.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a vehicle door opening / closing device having an upper door and a lower door that are arranged to be able to be opened and closed in the vertical direction with respect to an opening formed in the vehicle, with upper and lower ends as rotation fulcrums. .

  Patent Document 1 below describes a vehicle back door opening / closing device having an upper door and a lower door provided to be openable and closable with respect to an opening at the rear of the vehicle. The upper door is provided with a hinge at the upper end, and is pivotably connected to the upper part of the vehicle body via this hinge. The lower door is provided with a hinge at the lower end, and is pivotally connected to the lower part of the vehicle body via this hinge. The door opening and closing device of Patent Document 1 includes a link mechanism that can be opened and closed from either the upper door or the lower door.

JP 2011-5965 A

  In the door opening and closing device of the above-mentioned patent document, the opening and closing operation can be performed from either the upper or lower door. However, when opening and closing both doors, the user must operate both doors, which is troublesome. On the other hand, there is conventionally known a method in which a gas spring or the like is provided between the vehicle main body and the door, and the door is operated to open by the reaction force of the gas spring. However, in order to prevent the door from being deformed by the reaction force of the gas spring applied to the door itself when the door is in the closed state, the rigidity of the door must be reinforced and the vehicle weight increases. There is a problem.

  An object of the present invention is a vehicular door opening / closing device in which an upper door and a lower door are provided with respect to an opening formed in a vehicle. The vehicular door opening / closing device can be easily opened and closed with a simple structure. The object is to provide a door opening and closing device.

  The present invention relates to a vehicular door opening / closing device having an upper door and a lower door, which are arranged to be able to be opened and closed in the vertical direction with respect to an opening formed in the vehicle, with the upper and lower ends as a rotation fulcrum. A link mechanism that connects the door and the lower door, and the link mechanism operates to open or close the other door in conjunction with the opening or closing operation of either the upper or lower door. Features.

  The link mechanism includes a first link arm having one end fixed to the lower door and the other end being a free end, and one end rotatably connected to the free end of the first link arm, and the other end being And a second link arm rotatably connected to the upper door.

  The first link arm is fixed to the lower door so that the free end of the first link arm moves upward when the lower door rotates from the closed state to the open state.

  According to the vehicle door opening and closing device of the present invention, the upper and lower doors can be easily opened and closed with a simple structure.

1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle in a fully closed state of a back door according to the present embodiment. It is a back perspective view of the vehicles in the half open state of the back door concerning this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the vehicle in a fully open state of the back door according to the present embodiment. It is a figure which shows a door opening / closing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the door opening / closing apparatus of a fully closed state. It is a figure which shows the door opening / closing apparatus of a full open state.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a vehicle door opening and closing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As an example, a back door that opens and closes an opening formed at the rear of the vehicle will be described, and the back door opening and closing device will be described. In addition, this invention is applicable not only to the above back doors but the door which opens and closes the opening formed in the side surface of a vehicle, for example.

  First, the vehicle door opening and closing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of the vehicle in a fully closed state of the back door according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of the vehicle in a half-open state of the back door according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle in a fully open state of a back door according to the present embodiment.

  A vehicle door opening / closing device (hereinafter simply referred to as “door opening / closing device”) 10 according to the present embodiment is provided at the rear portion of the vehicle 12 as shown in FIG. An opening 14 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is formed in the rear portion of the vehicle 12. The door opening / closing device 10 includes a door that opens and closes the opening 14. This door is configured in a vertically divided structure including an upper door 16 and a lower door 18. The opening 14 is formed to face the doors 16 and 18 when the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 are fully closed.

  The upper door 16 is provided with a hinge (not shown) extending in the vehicle width direction at the upper end. The upper door 16 is rotatably connected to the upper portion of the vehicle 12, that is, the upper edge 14a of the opening portion 14 through this hinge. On the other hand, the lower door 18 is provided with a hinge (not shown) extending in the vehicle width direction at the lower end. The lower door 18 is rotatably connected to the lower portion of the vehicle 12, that is, the lower edge 14b of the opening 14 via the hinge. Then, the doors 16 and 18 rotate around these hinges, whereby the opening 14 is opened and closed.

  The door opening and closing device 10 of the present embodiment includes a link mechanism 20 that connects the upper door 16 and the lower door 18. The link mechanism 20 operates the other door to an open state or a closed state in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of one of the upper or lower doors 16 and 18.

  With such a simple structure of the link mechanism 20, when the user opens the lower door 18, the upper door 16 is also opened, and when the user opens the upper door 16, the lower door 18 is also opened. Can save the trouble of opening both doors 16 and 18. When the user closes the lower door 18, the upper door 16 is also closed. When the user closes the upper door 16, the lower door 18 is also closed, and the user closes both the doors 16 and 18. Save time and effort. The opening operation of the lower door 18 is performed from the half-open state to the fully-open state by the weight of the lower door 18 without depending on the user's hand. That is, during this period, the user can save time and effort to open the lower door 18. Further, by providing the link mechanism 20, it is possible to omit the gas spring that has been conventionally used to assist the opening operation of the door that opens upward, and thus the rigidity of the upper door 16 can be reduced. As a result, the vehicle weight can be reduced.

  Next, a specific configuration of the link mechanism 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the door opening / closing device, FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the door opening / closing device in a fully closed state, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the door opening / closing device in a fully opened state.

  The link mechanism 20 connects the upper door 16 and the lower door 18. In addition, the link mechanism 20 is connected to both ends of the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 in the vehicle width direction in pairs or one respectively. That is, the link mechanism 20 is connected to both sides of the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 in pairs or one of them. For example, the link mechanism 20 includes a portion between the rotation fulcrum 16a of the upper door 16 and the end 16b of the upper door 16 on the lower door 18 side, a rotation fulcrum 18a of the lower door 18, and an upper portion of the lower door 18. The portion connecting the end 18b on the door 16 side is connected. In addition, this invention is not limited to this structure, If the link mechanism 20 connects the upper door 16 and the lower door 18, it can be set as another connection structure.

  The link mechanism 20 includes a first link arm 22 and a second link arm 24. One end 22 a of the first link arm 22 is fixed to the lower door 18. On the other hand, the other end 22 b of the first link arm is a free end and is connected to the second link arm 24.

  One end 24a of the second link arm 24 is rotatably connected to the other end 22b of the first link arm. Specifically, one end 24 a of the second link arm 24 is rotatably supported by the other end 22 b of the first link arm 22 via a support pin 26. On the other hand, the other end 24b of the second link arm 24 is rotatably connected to the upper door 16. As described above, the other end 24 b is a portion between the pivot point 16 a of the upper door 16 and the end portion 16 b of the upper door 16 on the lower door 18 side, and is provided on the side portion of the upper door 16. The support shaft 28 is rotatably supported.

  The first link arm 22 is fixed to the lower door 18 so that when the lower door 18 rotates from the closed state to the open state, the other end 22b of the first link arm 22 moves upward. The upward rotational torque of the other end 22 b of the first link arm 22 is converted into a moving motion of the upper door 16 in the opening direction (upward) via the second link arm 24.

  The other end 22b of the first link arm 22 and the one end 24a of the second link arm 24 are connected to the other end 24b of the second link arm 24 and the rotation fulcrum 18a of the lower door 18 during the opening / closing operation of the lower door 18. The other end 24b of the second link arm 24 is located on the vehicle front side from the connecting line, and the rotation fulcrum 16a of the upper door 16, the other end 22b of the first link arm 22 and the second link arm 24 during the opening / closing operation of the lower door 18. It is preferable that the link arm 24 is positioned on the vehicle rear side with respect to the line connecting the one end 24a of the link arm 24. With this configuration, the opening / closing operation can be performed smoothly, and the opening / closing operation can be performed from either the lower door 18 or the upper door 16.

  Next, the operation of the door opening / closing device 10 will be described. First, the operation from the fully closed state to the fully open state of the door will be described. The user opens the lower door 18. From the middle of the opening operation, the lower door 18 rotates in the opening direction by its own weight. In conjunction with this operation, the upper door 16 rotates in the opening direction via the link mechanism 20. Thereby, the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 are fully opened.

  The operation from the fully open state to the fully closed state of the door will be described. The user performs a closing operation of the lower door 18. In conjunction with the rotation of the lower door 18 in the closing direction, the upper door 16 is rotated in the closing direction via the link mechanism 20. As a result, the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 are fully closed. Note that the user can close both the doors 16 and 18 not by closing the lower door 18 but also by closing the upper 16 door.

  According to the door opening and closing device 10 of the present embodiment, since one of the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 can be opened and closed, the other door can be opened and closed in conjunction with this operation. This saves time and effort. In particular, in the opening operation, both the upper and lower doors 16 and 18 can be automatically fully opened by the dead weight of the lower door 18, so that the efficiency of the opening operation is greatly improved. Further, by providing the link mechanism 20, it is possible to omit a conventionally used gas spring, so that it is possible to simplify the door rigidity and reduce the vehicle weight.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle door opening / closing device, 12 Vehicle, 14 Opening part, 16 Upper door, 18 Lower door, 20 Link mechanism, 22 1st link arm, 24 2nd link arm, 26 Support pin, 28 Support shaft.

Claims (3)

In a vehicle door opening and closing device having an upper door and a lower door arranged to be capable of opening and closing in the vertical direction with the upper and lower ends as rotation fulcrums with respect to an opening formed in the vehicle,
It has a link mechanism that connects the upper door and the lower door,
The link mechanism is operated to open or close the other door in conjunction with the opening or closing operation of either the upper or lower door,
A door opening and closing device for a vehicle. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1,
The link mechanism is
A first link arm having one end fixed to the lower door and the other end being a free end;
A second link arm having one end pivotally connected to the free end of the first link arm and the other end pivotally connected to the upper door;
A door opening and closing device for a vehicle. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 2,
The first link arm is fixed to the lower door so that the free end of the first link arm moves upward when the lower door rotates from the closed state to the open state.
A door opening and closing device for a vehicle.

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