JP2014149478A - Image display unit and head-mounted display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display unit and a head-mounted display capable of preventing the incidence of light into a movable part when the oscillation of the movable part is stopped.SOLUTION: An image display unit 1 comprises: a light source 3; a light guide part L through which light emitted from the light source 3 passes; a light reflection part 114 which reflects light; a movable part 11 provided with the light reflection part; a light scanner 42 including a movable part driving part 110 which oscillates the movable part 11; a switching part 5 which is provided between the light source 3 of the light guide part L and the light scanner 42 and switches between a passing state where the light is emitted from the light guide part L and a blocking state where no light is emitted from the light guide part L; and a detection part 8 which detects whether or not the movable part 11 oscillates. The switching part 5 switches to the blocking state when the detection part 8 detects that the oscillation of the movable part 11 is stopped.

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display device and a head mounted display.

For example, an image display device that scans light and draws an image on an object, such as a head-mounted display, is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
The image display device described in Patent Literature 1 includes a light source that emits light, and a scanning unit that scans light emitted from the light source two-dimensionally and projects an image on an object. The scanning unit includes a mirror that reflects light and a drive source that swings the mirror. The light emitted from the light source is reflected by a mirror that is swung by a drive source. Thus, the light emitted from the light source is scanned by the scanning unit and projected onto the object as an image.
However, in the image display device described in Patent Document 1, when the mirror is stopped for some reason such as a failure of the scanning unit, when light is emitted from the light source, the light is reflected by the stopped mirror. . In this case, there is a possibility that the light is concentrated and irradiated on one point of the object (for example, the retina).

Special table 2007-537465 gazette

  An object of the present invention is to provide an image display device and a head-mounted display that can prevent light from entering the movable part when the swinging of the movable part is stopped.

Such an object is achieved by the following application examples.
The image display device of this application example includes a light source,
A light guide section through which light emitted from the light source passes;
An optical scanner having a reflection part for reflecting light, a movable part provided with the reflection part, and a drive part for swinging the movable part;
A switching unit that is provided between the light source of the light guide unit and the light scanner, and switches between a passing state in which light is emitted from the light guide unit and a blocking state in which light is not emitted from the light guide unit;
A detection unit that detects whether or not the movable unit is swinging,
The switching unit switches to the shut-off state when the detection unit detects that the swinging of the movable unit is stopped.
Thereby, when the detection unit detects that the swing of the movable unit is stopped, the switching unit can reliably block the light on the light guide unit between the light source and the optical scanner. . Therefore, when the swing of the movable part is stopped, it is possible to reliably prevent light from entering the movable part.

In the image display device according to this application example, it is preferable that the switching unit switches to the passing state when the detection unit detects that the movable unit is swinging.
Thereby, when the movable part is oscillating, light can be reliably incident on the movable part. Therefore, the image is reliably projected onto the object.
In the image display device according to this application example, the detection unit may detect whether or not the movable unit is oscillating when a drive signal for oscillating the movable unit is transmitted to the drive unit. preferable.
As a result, it is possible to detect that the swinging of the movable part is stopped although the drive signal for swinging the movable part is transmitted to the movable part driving part. Therefore, it can be reliably detected that the movable part has stopped for some reason, such as failure.

In the image display device according to the application example, the light guide unit is provided between the first optical fiber provided between the light source and the optical scanner, and between the first optical fiber and the optical scanner. A second optical fiber,
It is preferable that the switching unit is provided between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.
Accordingly, the switching unit can be provided at an arbitrary position in the portion between the light source and the movable unit of the light guide unit, and thus the degree of freedom in design is improved.

In the image display device according to this application example, the switching unit moves on an optical path of light emitted from the first optical fiber between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber when in the shut-off state. In the passing state, it is preferable to have a light shielding plate that retreats from the optical path and a drive source that moves the light shielding plate.
As a result, the switching unit can reliably select the passage / blocking of light with a simple configuration in which the light shielding plate is moved between the blocking state and the passing state.

In the image display device according to the application example, the light guide unit is provided between the first optical fiber provided between the light source and the optical scanner, and between the first optical fiber and the optical scanner. A second optical fiber,
In the switching unit, the passing state in which the light emitted from the first optical fiber enters the second optical fiber, the optical axis of the first optical fiber, and the optical axis of the second optical fiber are shifted, It is preferable to have a drive source for relatively moving the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber in the blocked state where the light emitted from the first optical fiber is not incident on the second optical fiber.
As a result, the switching unit can reliably select the passage / blocking of light with a simple configuration in which the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are relatively moved between the passing state and the blocking state. .

The image display apparatus according to this application example preferably includes a first structure including the light source and the switching unit, and a second structure including the optical scanner and the detection unit.
Thereby, compared with the case where the switching part is built in the 2nd structure, the 2nd structure can be reduced in size.
The image display device according to this application example preferably includes a light receiving element that detects an intensity of light from the light source in the blocked state.
Thereby, the intensity of light can be detected, and therefore white balance can be achieved.

In the image display device according to this application example, the optical scanner includes a frame body portion that surrounds the movable portion, and
A first shaft portion having one end connected to the movable portion, the other end connected to the frame body portion, and supporting the movable portion swingably with respect to the frame body portion around a first axis;
It is preferable that one end is connected to the frame body portion and has a second shaft portion that swingably supports the frame body portion together with the movable portion around a second axis that intersects the first axis.
Thereby, light can be scanned two-dimensionally with one optical scanner. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the image display device as compared with the case where two optical scanners that scan light one-dimensionally are provided.
In the image display device according to this application example, it is preferable that the detection unit includes a first piezoelectric element provided on the first shaft portion and a second piezoelectric element provided on the second shaft portion. .
Thereby, the detection part can detect the electromotive force which arises from a 1st piezoelectric element and a 2nd piezoelectric element with rocking | fluctuation of a movable part.

The head mounted display of this application example includes a light source,
A light guide section through which light emitted from the light source passes;
An optical scanner having a reflection part for reflecting light, a movable part provided with the reflection part, and a drive part for swinging the movable part;
A switching unit that is provided between the light source of the light guide unit and the light scanner, and switches between a passing state in which light is emitted from the light guide unit and a blocking state in which light is not emitted from the light guide unit;
A detection unit that detects whether or not the movable unit is swinging,
Preferably, the switching unit switches to the blocking state when the detection unit detects that the swing of the movable unit is stopped.
Thereby, when the swinging of the movable part is stopped, it is possible to realize a head-mounted display that can reliably block light from entering the movable part.

It is a perspective view which shows 1st Embodiment of an image display apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram of the image display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the image display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the drive signal of the drive signal production | generation part with which the image display apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a top view of the optical scanner with which the image display apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the relay part with which the image display apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control part of embodiment in this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the relay part with which 2nd Embodiment of the image display apparatus of this invention is provided.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an image display device of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an image display apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the image display apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the image display apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a drive signal of a drive signal generation unit included in the image display device illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a plan view of an optical scanner included in the image display device illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. AA line sectional view, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a relay unit provided in the image display apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the upper side in FIGS. 1 and 6 is referred to as “upper”, the lower side is referred to as “lower”, the right side is referred to as “right”, and the left side is referred to as “left”. In FIG. 7, the upper side is called “upper”, the lower side is called “lower”, the right side is called “tip”, and the left side is called “base”.

As shown in FIG. 1, the image display apparatus 1 includes a head mounted display (head mounted) including an apparatus main body (first structure) 100, a mounting portion (second structure) 200, and a cable 300. Type image display device).
The signal light (light) emitted from the apparatus main body 100 is projected onto the retina M through the cable 300 and the mounting portion 200 in this order.

As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus main body 100 includes a signal generation unit (light source) 3, a first optical fiber 2 a, a relay unit 400 having a switching unit 5 and a connection member 401, and a control unit 6 (not shown). ) And (built-in). The apparatus main body 100 is used by being stored or mounted in a pocket of a user's clothing.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cable 300 includes a second optical fiber 2b.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the mounting unit 200 includes a frame 201, a lens unit 203 fixed to the frame 201, and a scanning light emitting unit 202 having a lens 500, an optical scanner 42, and a detection unit 8. Has (built-in). The mounting unit 200 is used by being mounted on the user's head.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a portion through which signal light passes between the signal generation unit 3 and the retina M is referred to as a light guide unit (light guide unit) L. The light guide L includes a first optical fiber 2a provided between the signal generator 3 and the optical scanner 42, and a second optical fiber 2b provided between the first optical fiber 2a and the optical scanner 42. have.

Hereinafter, each part of the apparatus main body 100, the cable 300, and the mounting part 200 is demonstrated.
As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the signal generation unit 3 includes a signal light generation unit 31 and a drive signal generation unit 32.
The signal light generation unit 31 generates signal light that is scanned (optically scanned) by the optical scanner 42 of the mounting unit 200.
The signal light generation unit 31 includes a plurality of light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B having different wavelengths, a plurality of drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B, and a light combining unit (combining unit) 313.

The light source (R light source) 311R emits red light, the light source (G light source) 311G emits green light, and the light source (B light source) 311B emits blue light. . By using such three colors of light, a full-color image (video) can be displayed.
Such light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B are not particularly limited. For example, laser diodes and LEDs can be used.
Such light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B are electrically connected to the drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the drive circuit 312R has a function of driving the light source 311R described above, the drive circuit 312G has a function of driving the light source 311G described above, and the drive circuit 312B includes the light source 311B described above. It has the function to drive.
As shown in FIG. 2, the three (three colors) light emitted from the light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B driven by the drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B is incident on the light combining unit 313.

The light combining unit 313 includes a combiner that combines light from a plurality of light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B. By providing the light combining unit 313, the number of optical fibers for transmitting the signal light generated by the signal light generating unit 31 to the scanning light emitting unit 202 can be reduced.
The drive signal generation unit 32 generates a drive signal for driving the optical scanner 42.
The drive signal generation unit 32 includes a drive circuit (first drive circuit) 321 that generates a first drive signal used for scanning in the first direction (horizontal scanning) of the optical scanner 42, and the first of the optical scanner 42. And a driving circuit (second driving circuit) 322 that generates a second driving signal used for scanning (vertical scanning) in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the drive circuit 321 generates a first drive signal V1 (horizontal scanning voltage) that periodically changes in a cycle T1. As shown in FIG. 4B, the drive circuit 322 generates a second drive signal V2 (vertical scanning voltage) that periodically changes at a period T2 different from the period T1.
Note that the first drive signal and the second drive signal will be described in detail later.

Such a drive signal generation unit 32 is electrically connected to the optical scanner 42 of the mounting unit 200 via a signal line (not shown). Accordingly, the drive signals (first drive signal V1 and second drive signal V2) generated by the drive signal generation unit 32 are input to the optical scanner 42.
Such signal light generated by the signal generation unit 3 is incident on the first optical fiber 2a.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the first optical fiber 2a has a long optical fiber bundle 210a in which a plurality of optical fibers are bundled. The outer peripheral surface 212a of the optical fiber bundle 210a is covered with a covering member 211a that protects the optical fiber bundle 210a. The distal end 213a of the first optical fiber 2a is optically connected to the second optical fiber 2b of the cable 300 via the connection member 401 of the relay unit 400.

The control unit 6 is configured by, for example, a microcomputer (CPU), and based on an image signal (video signal), the drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B of the signal light generation unit 31 and the drive circuit of the drive signal generation unit 32 are configured. It has a function to control driving of each part of the image display apparatus 1 such as 321 and 322.
As a result, the signal light generation unit 31 generates signal light modulated according to the image information, and the drive signal generation unit 32 generates a drive signal according to the image information.
The apparatus main body 100 having such a configuration is connected to the mounting unit 200 via the cable 300.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 7, the cable 300 has a long shape, and has a second optical fiber 2 b therein.
The second optical fiber 2b has an optical fiber bundle 210b in which a plurality of optical fibers are bundled. The outer peripheral surface 212b of the optical fiber bundle 210b is covered with a covering member 211b that protects the optical fiber bundle 210b. Further, a connector 21b is provided at the base end portion 213b of the second optical fiber 2b (cable 300). The connector 21b and the base end portion 213b constitute a connector portion 23b. The connector portion 23b is detachably inserted into the apparatus main body 100.
The cable 300 has a conductive wire (not shown), and electrically connects the apparatus main body 100 and the mounting portion 200. Thus, the cable 300 is composed of an optoelectric composite cable. The distal end portion of the cable 300 having such a configuration is connected to the scanning light emitting portion 202 of the mounting portion 200.

Hereinafter, each part of the mounting part 200 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 201 has a shape like a spectacle frame, and is used by being mounted on a user's head. The frame 201 has a function of supporting the scanning light emitting unit 202.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the scanning light emitting unit 202 includes a lens 500, an optical scanner 42, and a detection unit 8. The scanning light emitting unit 202 is connected to the tip of the cable 300. The scanning light emitting unit 202 is provided on the inner side of the frame 201, that is, on a portion facing the user's face when the user wears the scanning light emitting unit 202. Thereby, the signal light (scanning light) emitted from the scanning light emitting unit 202 is directly incident on the eyes of the user and projected onto the retina M as an image.

The lens 500 is provided between the optical scanner 42 on the light guide L and the second optical fiber 2b. The lens 500 is a lens in which the signal light emitted from the second optical fiber 2b is parallel light. The signal light transmitted through the lens 500 enters the optical scanner 42.
The optical scanner 42 scans the signal light from the signal light generation unit 31 two-dimensionally. Scanning light is formed by scanning the signal light with the optical scanner 42.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the optical scanner 42 includes a movable portion 11, a pair of shaft portions 12a and 12b (first shaft portion), a frame body portion 13, and two pairs of shaft portions 14a, 14 b, 14 c, 14 d (second shaft portion), a support portion 15, a permanent magnet 16, and a coil 17.
The movable portion 11 and the pair of shaft portions 12a and 12b constitute a first vibration system that swings (reciprocates) around the Y1 axis (first axis). The movable portion 11, the pair of shaft portions 12a, 12b, the frame portion 13, the pair of shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and the permanent magnet 16 swing around the X1 axis (second axis). A second vibration system that reciprocates is configured.

  The optical scanner 42 includes the signal superimposing unit 18 (see FIG. 6), and the permanent magnet 16, the coil 17, the signal superimposing unit 18, and the drive signal generating unit 32 include the first vibration system and the first vibration system described above. The movable part drive part (drive part) 110 which drives 2 vibration systems is comprised. The movable part drive unit 110 has a function of swinging the movable part 11 so as to scan the signal light and project it onto the retina M based on a signal from the drive signal generation unit 32.

Hereinafter, each part of the optical scanner 42 will be described in detail sequentially.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the movable portion 11 includes a base 111 and a light reflection plate 113 fixed to the base 111 via a spacer 112.
A light reflecting portion 114 that reflects light is provided on the upper surface (one surface) of the light reflecting plate 113.

The light reflecting plate 113 is spaced apart from the shaft portions 12a and 12b in the thickness direction, and is provided so as to overlap the shaft portions 12a and 12b in plan view.
Therefore, the area of the plate surface of the light reflecting plate 113 can be increased while shortening the distance between the shaft portion 12a and the shaft portion 12b. In addition, since the distance between the shaft portion 12a and the shaft portion 12b can be shortened, the size of the frame body portion 13 can be reduced. Furthermore, since the size of the frame body portion 13 can be reduced, the distance between the shaft portions 14a and 14b and the shaft portions 14c and 14d can be shortened.

For this reason, even if the area of the plate surface of the light reflecting plate 113 is increased, the optical scanner 42 can be downsized. In other words, the size of the optical scanner 42 with respect to the area of the light reflecting portion 114 can be reduced.
The light reflecting plate 113 is formed so as to cover the entire shaft portions 12a and 12b in plan view. In other words, each of the shaft portions 12a and 12b is located on the inner side with respect to the outer periphery of the light reflecting plate 113 in plan view. Thereby, the area of the plate | board surface of the light reflection board 113 becomes large, As a result, the area of the light reflection part 114 can be enlarged. Further, it is possible to prevent unnecessary light from being reflected by the shaft portions 12a and 12b and becoming stray light.

  The light reflecting plate 113 is formed so as to cover the entire frame body portion 13 in plan view. In other words, the frame body portion 13 is located on the inner side with respect to the outer periphery of the light reflection plate 113 in plan view. Thereby, the area of the plate | board surface of the light reflection board 113 becomes large, As a result, the area of the light reflection part 114 can be enlarged. Further, it is possible to prevent unnecessary light from being reflected by the frame body portion 13 and becoming stray light.

Furthermore, the light reflecting plate 113 is formed so as to cover the entire shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d in plan view. In other words, each of the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d is located inside the outer periphery of the light reflecting plate 113 in plan view. Thereby, the area of the plate | board surface of the light reflection board 113 becomes large, As a result, the area of the light reflection part 114 can be enlarged. Further, it is possible to prevent unnecessary light from being reflected by the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d and becoming stray light.
In the present embodiment, the light reflecting plate 113 has a circular shape in plan view. In addition, the planar view shape of the light reflection plate 113 is not limited to this, and may be a polygon such as an ellipse or a rectangle.

As shown in FIG. 6, a hard layer 115 is provided on the lower surface (the other surface) of such a light reflecting plate 113.
The hard layer 115 is made of a material harder than the constituent material of the light reflecting plate 113 main body. Thereby, the rigidity of the light reflecting plate 113 can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to prevent or suppress the bending when the light reflecting plate 113 swings. Further, the thickness of the light reflecting plate 113 can be reduced, and the moment of inertia when the light reflecting plate 113 swings around the X1 axis and the Y1 axis can be suppressed.

The constituent material of the hard layer 115 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material harder than the constituent material of the light reflecting plate 113 main body. For example, diamond, carbon nitride film, crystal, sapphire, lithium tantalate Although potassium niobate can be used, it is particularly preferable to use diamond.
The thickness (average) of the hard layer 115 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 10 μm, and more preferably about 1 to 5 μm.

Moreover, the hard layer 115 may be comprised by the single layer, and may be comprised by the laminated body of several layers. The hard layer 115 is provided as necessary, and can be omitted.
The hard layer 115 can be formed by, for example, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) such as plasma CVD, thermal CVD, or laser CVD, dry plating such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, or ion plating, electrolytic plating, or immersion plating. Further, wet plating methods such as electroless plating, thermal spraying, and joining of sheet-like members can be used.

In addition, the lower surface of the light reflecting plate 113 is fixed to the base 111 via a spacer 112. Thereby, the light reflecting plate 113 can be swung around the Y1 axis while preventing contact with the shaft portions 12a and 12b, the frame body portion 13 and the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d.
In addition, each of the base portions 111 is located on the inner side with respect to the outer periphery of the light reflecting plate 113 in plan view. That is, the area of the surface (plate surface) where the light reflecting portion 114 of the light reflecting plate 113 is provided is larger than the area of the surface where the spacer 112 of the base 111 is fixed. The area of the base 111 in plan view is preferably as small as possible if the base 111 can support the light reflecting plate 113 via the spacer 112. Thereby, the distance between the shaft part 12a and the shaft part 12b can be reduced while increasing the area of the plate surface of the light reflecting plate 113.

As shown in FIG. 5, the frame body portion 13 has a frame shape and is provided so as to surround the base portion 111 of the movable portion 11 described above. In other words, the base 111 of the movable portion 11 is provided inside the frame body portion 13 having a frame shape.
And the frame part 13 is supported by the support part 15 via axial part 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d. Further, the base 111 of the movable portion 11 is supported by the frame body portion 13 through the shaft portions 12a and 12b.

Further, the frame body portion 13 has a length in the direction along the Y1 axis that is longer than a length in the direction along the X1 axis. That is, when the length of the frame body portion 13 in the direction along the Y1 axis is a and the length of the frame body portion 13 in the direction along the X1 axis is b, the relationship a> b is satisfied. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the length of the optical scanner 42 in the direction along the X1 axis while securing the length necessary for the shaft portions 12a and 12b.
Moreover, the frame part 13 has comprised the shape along the external shape of the structure which consists of the base 111 of the movable part 11, and one pair of axial parts 12a and 12b by planar view. As a result, the frame body portion 13 can be reduced in size while allowing the vibration of the first vibration system constituted by the movable portion 11 and the pair of shaft portions 12a and 12b, that is, the swing of the movable portion 11 around the Y1 axis. Can be achieved.

The shaft portions 12a, 12b and the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d can be elastically deformed, respectively.
The shaft portions 12 a and 12 b have one end connected to the movable portion 11 and the other end connected to the frame body portion 13. The shaft portions 12a and 12b support the movable portion 11 so as to be swingable with respect to the frame body portion 13 around the Y1 axis (first axis).

The shaft portions 14 a, 14 b, 14 c, and 14 d have one end connected to the support portion 15 and the other end connected to the frame body portion 13. Further, the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d support the frame body portion 13 together with the movable portion 11 so as to be swingable around the X1 axis (second axis) orthogonal to the Y1 axis.
The shaft portions 12 a and 12 b are disposed so as to face each other via the base portion 111 of the movable portion 11. Each of the shaft portions 12a and 12b has a longitudinal shape extending in the direction along the Y1 axis. Each of the shaft portions 12 a and 12 b has one end connected to the base 111 and the other end connected to the frame body 13. In addition, the shaft portions 12a and 12b are arranged so that the central axis coincides with the Y1 axis.

Each of the shaft portions 12a and 12b is torsionally deformed as the movable portion 11 swings around the Y1 axis.
The shaft portions 14a and 14b and the shaft portions 14c and 14d are arranged so as to face each other with the frame body portion 13 interposed therebetween. The shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d each have a longitudinal shape that extends in a direction along the X1 axis. Each of the shaft portions 14 a, 14 b, 14 c, and 14 d has one end connected to the frame body portion 13 and the other end connected to the support portion 15. The shaft portions 14a and 14b are disposed so as to face each other via the X1 axis. Similarly, the shaft portions 14c and 14d are disposed so as to face each other via the X1 axis.

In such shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d, the shaft portions 14a and 14b and the shaft portions 14c and 14d as a whole are twisted and deformed as the frame body portion 13 swings around the X1 axis.
As described above, the movable portion 11 can be swung around the Y1 axis, and the frame body portion 13 can be swung around the X1 axis, so that the movable portion 11 can be swung around the X1 axis and the Y1 axis which are orthogonal to each other. It can be swung (reciprocating) around the axis.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the shaft portion 12a is provided with a piezoelectric element (first piezoelectric element) 81, and the shaft portion 14a is provided with a piezoelectric element (second piezoelectric element) 82. . Each of the piezoelectric elements 81 and 82 functions as an angle detection sensor such as a strain sensor. The piezoelectric elements 81 and 82 can detect the angle information of the optical scanner 42, more specifically, the respective swing angles of the movable portion 11 around the X1 axis and the Y1 axis. The detection result is input to the control unit 6 via the cable 300 by the detection unit 83. The control unit 6 synchronizes the swing of the movable unit 11 and the emission of the signal light from the optical signal generation unit 3 based on the detection result of the swing angle of the movable unit 11 transmitted from the detection unit 83 (see FIG. 3).

In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric elements 81 and 82 and the detection unit 83 also function as the detection unit 8 that detects whether or not the movable unit 11 is swinging.
The shapes of the shaft portions 12a, 12b and the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d are not limited to those described above. You may do it.

The base portion 111, the shaft portions 12a and 12b, the frame body portion 13, the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d, and the support portion 15 as described above are integrally formed.
In the present embodiment, the base 111, the shaft portions 12a and 12b, the frame body portion 13, the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d, and the support portion 15 are composed of the first Si layer (device layer) and the SiO ₂ layer (box Layer) and a second Si layer (handle layer) are formed by etching the SOI substrate. Thereby, the vibration characteristics of the first vibration system and the second vibration system can be made excellent. Further, since the SOI substrate can be finely processed by etching, the base portion 111, the shaft portions 12a and 12b, the frame body portion 13, the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d and the support portion 15 are formed using the SOI substrate. By forming, the dimensional accuracy can be improved, and the optical scanner 42 can be downsized.

  The base 111, the shafts 12a and 12b, and the shafts 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d are each configured by a first Si layer of an SOI substrate. Thereby, the elasticity of shaft part 12a, 12b and shaft part 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d can be made excellent. Further, it is possible to prevent the base 111 from coming into contact with the frame body portion 13 when rotating around the Y1 axis.

Further, the frame body portion 13 and the support portion 15, respectively, a first Si layer of the SOI substrate, and a stack of the SiO ₂ layer and the second Si layer. Thereby, the rigidity of the frame part 13 and the support part 15 can be made excellent. Further, the SiO ₂ layer and the second Si layer of the frame body portion 13 have not only a function as a rib that increases the rigidity of the frame body portion 13 but also a function of preventing the movable portion 11 from contacting the permanent magnet 16. Have.

Further, the upper surface of the support portion 15 is preferably subjected to an antireflection treatment. Thereby, it can prevent that the unnecessary light irradiated to the support part 15 turns into a stray light.
The antireflection treatment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include formation of an antireflection film (dielectric multilayer film), roughening treatment, and black treatment.
Note that the above-described constituent materials and forming methods of the base portion 111, the shaft portions 12a and 12b, and the shaft portions 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the spacer 112 and the light reflecting plate 113 are also formed by etching the SOI substrate. The spacer 112 is composed of a laminate composed of the SiO ₂ layer and the second Si layer of the SOI substrate. The light reflecting plate 113 is composed of a first Si layer of an SOI substrate.
Thus, by forming the spacer 112 and the light reflecting plate 113 using the SOI substrate, the spacer 112 and the light reflecting plate 113 joined to each other can be manufactured easily and with high accuracy.

Such a spacer 112 is bonded to the base 111 by a bonding material (not shown) such as an adhesive or a brazing material.
The permanent magnet 16 is joined to the lower surface (the surface opposite to the light reflecting plate 113) of the frame body 13 described above.
Although it does not specifically limit as a joining method of the permanent magnet 16 and the frame part 13, For example, the joining method using an adhesive agent can be used.

The permanent magnet 16 is magnetized in a direction inclined with respect to the X1 axis and the Y1 axis in plan view.
In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 16 has a longitudinal shape (bar shape) extending in a direction inclined with respect to the X1 axis and the Y1 axis. The permanent magnet 16 is magnetized in the longitudinal direction. That is, the permanent magnet 16 is magnetized so that one end is an S pole and the other end is an N pole.

Further, the permanent magnet 16 is provided so as to be symmetric about the intersection of the X1 axis and the Y1 axis in plan view.
In this embodiment, the case where the number of one permanent magnet is installed in the frame body portion 13 will be described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, two permanent magnets are installed in the frame body portion 13. Also good. In this case, for example, two long permanent magnets may be installed on the frame body portion 13 so as to face each other via the base portion 111 in a plan view and to be parallel to each other.

The inclination angle θ in the magnetization direction (extending direction) of the permanent magnet 16 with respect to the X1 axis is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 ° or more and 60 ° or less, and more preferably 45 ° or more and 60 ° or less. 45 ° is more preferable. By providing the permanent magnet 16 in this way, the movable portion 11 can be smoothly and reliably rotated around the X1 axis.
As such a permanent magnet 16, for example, a neodymium magnet, a ferrite magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, an alnico magnet, a bond magnet, or the like can be suitably used. Such a permanent magnet 16 is obtained by magnetizing a hard magnetic material, and is formed, for example, by magnetizing a hard magnetic material before magnetization in the frame body portion 13. This is because if the permanent magnet 16 that has already been magnetized is to be installed in the frame portion 13, the permanent magnet 16 may not be installed at a desired position due to the influence of the magnetic field of the outside or other components.

A coil 17 is provided immediately below the permanent magnet 16. That is, the coil 17 is provided so as to face the lower surface of the frame body portion 13. Thereby, the magnetic field generated from the coil 17 can be applied to the permanent magnet 16 efficiently. Thereby, power saving and size reduction of the optical scanner 42 can be achieved.
Such a coil 17 is electrically connected to the signal superimposing unit 18 (see FIG. 6).
Then, when a voltage is applied to the coil 17 by the signal superimposing unit 18, a magnetic field having a magnetic flux orthogonal to the X1 axis and the Y1 axis is generated from the coil 17.
The signal superimposing unit 18 includes an adder (not shown) that superimposes the first drive signal V 1 and the second drive signal V 2 described above, and applies the superimposed voltage to the coil 17.

Here, the first drive signal V1 and the second drive signal V2 will be described in detail.
As described above, the drive circuit 321 generates the first drive signal V1 (horizontal scanning voltage) that periodically changes at the cycle T1, as shown in FIG. That is, the drive circuit 321 generates the first drive signal V1 having the first frequency (1 / T1).
The first drive signal V1 has a waveform like a sine wave. Thereby, the optical scanner 42 can perform main scanning of light effectively. Note that the waveform of the first drive signal V1 is not limited to this.

The first frequency (1 / T1) is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for horizontal scanning, but is preferably 10 to 40 kHz.
In the present embodiment, the first frequency is set to be equal to the torsional resonance frequency (f1) of the first vibration system (torsional vibration system) composed of the movable portion 11 and the pair of shaft portions 12a and 12b. ing. That is, the first vibration system is designed (manufactured) so that its torsional resonance frequency f1 is a frequency suitable for horizontal scanning. Thereby, the rotation angle of the movable part 11 around the Y1 axis can be increased.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the drive circuit 322 generates a second drive signal V2 (vertical scanning voltage) that periodically changes at a period T2 different from the period T1. That is, the drive circuit 322 generates the second drive signal V2 having the second frequency (1 / T2).
The second drive signal V2 has a sawtooth waveform. Therefore, the optical scanner 42 can effectively perform vertical scanning (sub-scanning) of light. Note that the waveform of the second drive signal V2 is not limited to this.

  The second frequency (1 / T2) is not particularly limited as long as it is different from the first frequency (1 / T1) and is suitable for vertical scanning, but is preferably 30 to 80 Hz (about 60 Hz). . As described above, the frequency of the second drive signal V2 is set to about 60 Hz, and the frequency of the first drive signal V1 is set to 10 to 40 kHz as described above, so that the movable part has a frequency suitable for drawing on the display. 11 can be rotated around each of two axes (X1 axis and Y1 axis) orthogonal to each other. However, the combination of the frequency of the first drive signal V1 and the frequency of the second drive signal V2 is not particularly limited as long as the movable portion 11 can be rotated about the X1 axis and the Y1 axis.

In the present embodiment, the frequency of the second drive signal V <b> 2 is the movable portion 11, the pair of shaft portions 12 a and 12 b, the frame body portion 13, the two pairs of shaft portions 14 a, 14 b, 14 c and 14 d, and the permanent magnet 16. The frequency is adjusted to be different from the torsional resonance frequency (resonance frequency) of the configured second vibration system (torsional vibration system).
The frequency (second frequency) of the second drive signal V2 is preferably smaller than the frequency (first frequency) of the first drive signal V1. That is, the period T2 is preferably longer than the period T1. Thereby, the movable part 11 can be rotated at the second frequency around the X1 axis while rotating the movable part 11 at the first frequency around the Y1 axis more reliably and smoothly.

  Further, when the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibration system is f1 [Hz] and the torsional resonance frequency of the second vibration system is f2 [Hz], f1 and f2 satisfy the relationship of f2 <f1. Is preferable, and it is more preferable to satisfy the relationship of f1 ≧ 10f2. Thereby, the movable part 11 can be rotated more smoothly around the X1 axis at the frequency of the second drive signal V2 while being rotated more smoothly around the Y1 axis. On the other hand, when f1 ≦ f2, the vibration of the first vibration system may occur due to the second frequency.

  Next, a method for driving the optical scanner 42 will be described. In the present embodiment, as described above, the frequency of the first drive signal V1 is set equal to the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibration system, and the frequency of the second drive signal V2 is the second frequency. Is set to a value different from the torsional resonance frequency of the vibration system and lower than the frequency of the first drive signal V1 (for example, the frequency of the first drive signal V1 is 15 kHz, the second drive The frequency of the signal V2 is set to 60 Hz).

  For example, the first drive signal V1 as shown in FIG. 4A and the second drive signal V2 as shown in FIG. 4B are superimposed by the signal superimposing unit 18, and the superimposed voltage is coiled. 17 is applied. As a result, the first drive signal V <b> 1 tries to attract one end (N pole) of the permanent magnet 16 to the coil 17 and the other end (S pole) of the permanent magnet 16 from the coil 17. Magnetic field (this magnetic field is referred to as “magnetic field A1”) and one end (N pole) of the permanent magnet 16 are separated from the coil 17 and the other end (S pole) of the permanent magnet 16 is connected to the coil 17. The magnetic field to be attracted (this magnetic field is referred to as “magnetic field A2”) is switched alternately.

  Here, as described above, the permanent magnet 16 is arranged so that each end (magnetic pole) is located in two regions divided by the Y1 axis. That is, in the plan view of FIG. 6, the north pole of the permanent magnet 16 is located on one side of the Y1 axis, and the south pole of the permanent magnet 16 is located on the other side. Therefore, by alternately switching between the magnetic field A1 and the magnetic field A2, vibration having a torsional vibration component around the Y1 axis is excited in the frame body portion 13, and the shaft portions 12a and 12b are twisted and deformed along with the vibration. Meanwhile, the movable portion 11 rotates around the Y1 axis at the frequency of the first drive signal V1.

  The frequency of the first drive signal V1 is equal to the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibration system. Therefore, the movable part 11 can be efficiently rotated around the Y1 axis by the first drive signal V1. That is, even if the vibration having the above-described torsional vibration component around the Y1 axis of the frame body portion 13 is small, the rotation angle of the movable portion 11 around the Y1 axis associated with the vibration can be increased.

  On the other hand, one end (N pole) of the permanent magnet 16 tries to be attracted to the coil 17 and the other end (S pole) of the permanent magnet 16 tries to be separated from the coil 17 by the second drive signal V2. A magnetic field (this magnetic field is referred to as “magnetic field B1”) and one end (N pole) of the permanent magnet 16 are separated from the coil 17, and the other end (S pole) of the permanent magnet 16 is attracted to the coil 17. The intended magnetic field (this magnetic field is referred to as "magnetic field B2") is switched alternately.

Here, as described above, the permanent magnet 16 is arranged so that each end (magnetic pole) is located in two regions divided by the X1 axis. That is, in the plan view of FIG. 6, the N pole of the permanent magnet 16 is located on one side of the X1 axis and the S pole of the permanent magnet 16 is located on the other side. Therefore, by alternately switching between the magnetic field B1 and the magnetic field B2, the frame part 13 and the movable part 11 together with the second drive signal V2 while twisting and deforming the shaft parts 14a and 14b and the shaft parts 14c and 14d, respectively. It rotates around the X1 axis at a frequency of.
Further, the frequency of the second drive signal V2 is set to be extremely lower than the frequency of the first drive signal V1. The torsional resonance frequency of the second vibration system is designed to be lower than the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibration system. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the movable part 11 from rotating around the Y1 axis at the frequency of the second drive signal V2.

According to the optical scanner 42 as described above, the movable part 11 including the light reflecting part 114 that reflects light can be swung around two axes orthogonal to each other, so that the optical scanner 42 can be downsized. In addition, the weight can be reduced.
The signal light (scanning light) scanned by such an optical scanner 42 is projected on the retina M as an image.

In the conventional image display device, when the swing of the movable part is stopped for some reason, such as a failure of the optical scanner, if the signal light is emitted from the signal generation part, the signal light is transmitted by the stopped movable part. Reflected. In this case, there is a possibility that the light is concentrated and irradiated on one point of the object (for example, the retina M).
However, such a problem can be prevented in the image display device 1 of the present embodiment. In order to realize this, the image display device 1 of the present embodiment includes a relay unit 400.

As shown in FIG. 7, the relay unit 400 of the image display apparatus 1 includes a connection member 401 that connects the first optical fiber 2 a and the second optical fiber 2 b, and a switching unit 5 that selects whether signal light passes or is blocked. have. Hereinafter, each unit of the relay unit 400 (switching unit 5) will be described.
The connecting member 401 has a block shape, and has a lumen 402 that penetrates from the distal end to the proximal end, and a recess 403 that opens downward. The lumen 402 and the recess 403 communicate with each other. Further, below-described concave portion 403 is provided with a switching portion 5 to be described later for selecting whether signal light passes or is blocked.

  The lumen portion 402 is disposed closer to the proximal end side than the first lumen portion 405 into which the first optical fiber 2a is inserted, and a second portion into which the connector portion 23b is inserted. And a lumen portion 406. In addition, a stepped portion 407 having an inner diameter sharply expanded is formed in the middle of the second lumen 406. When the connector part 23b contacts the step part 407, insertion of the connector part 23b from the step part 407 to the base end side is regulated.

In the inserted state in which the connector portion 23b is inserted into the second lumen 406, the distal end surface 22a of the first optical fiber 2a and the proximal end surface 22b of the second optical fiber 2b are opposed to each other and are held apart. . Therefore, the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2a enters the second optical fiber 2b.
Further, in the first optical fiber 2a and the second optical fiber 2b, the tip end portion 213a and the base end portion 213b are retracted from the recess 403, respectively. Thereby, damage of the front end surface 21a and the base end surface 22b accompanying the movement of the light-shielding plate 51 described later can be prevented.

The recess 403 is provided between the first lumen portion 405 and the second lumen portion 406, and is a portion into which a light shielding plate 51 described later is inserted from below. The upper surface (bottom surface) 404 of the recess 403 is in contact with the light shielding plate 51 and restricts the movement of the light shielding plate 51 above the upper surface 404.
The depth of the recess 403 is set so that the lumen 402 is positioned in the middle of the depth direction. That is, the upper surface 404 is located above the position of the lumen portion 402 in FIG. Thereby, when the light shielding plate 51 is in contact with the upper surface 404, the light guide portion L can be reliably blocked.

The material constituting the connection member 401 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various ceramics, carbon materials, glass, or composite materials thereof. Specific examples thereof include Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Ti ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ , Y ₂ O ₃ , oxide ceramics such as barium titanate and strontium titanate, AlN, Si ₃ N _4. , TiN, BN, ZrN, HfN, VN, TaN, NbN, CrN, Cr ₂ N, and other nitride ceramics, graphite, SiC, ZrC, Al ₄ C ₃ , CaC ₂ , WC, TiC, HfC, VC, TaC And carbide ceramics such as NbC, boride ceramics such as ZrB ₂ , MoB, and TiB ₂ , or composite ceramics obtained by arbitrarily combining two or more of these.

The switching unit 5 is provided in the middle of the light guide unit L between the signal generation unit 3 and the optical scanner 42, that is, between the first optical fiber 2a and the second optical fiber 2b. As a result, the switching unit 5 can be provided at a position where the switching unit 5 is relatively easy to be installed in an arbitrary position between the signal generation unit 3 and the optical scanner 42, and thus the degree of freedom in design is improved. To do.
The switching unit 5 includes a light shielding plate 51 that blocks light and a drive source 54 that moves the light shielding plate 51.

  The light shielding plate 51 is composed of a plate member that blocks light. The light shielding plate 51 is provided so as to be movable in the recess 403 of the connection member 401. The width W1 of the light shielding plate 51 is thinner than the width W2 of the recess 403 (length along the longitudinal direction of the light guide portion L). Thereby, damage to the surface of the light shielding plate 51 due to the movement of the light shielding plate 51 can be prevented, and a light receiving element 53 described later can be provided on the base end surface 510 of the light shielding plate 51.

The material constituting the light shielding plate 51 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that is substantially opaque to signal light, and examples thereof include various ceramics, carbon materials, glass, and composite materials thereof. Specific examples thereof include Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Ti ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ , Y ₂ O ₃ , oxide ceramics such as barium titanate and strontium titanate, AlN, Si ₃ N _4. , TiN, BN, ZrN, HfN, VN, TaN, NbN, CrN, Cr ₂ N, and other nitride ceramics, graphite, SiC, ZrC, Al ₄ C ₃ , CaC ₂ , WC, TiC, HfC, VC, TaC And carbide ceramics such as NbC, boride ceramics such as ZrB ₂ , MoB, and TiB ₂ , or composite ceramics obtained by arbitrarily combining two or more of these.
Such a light shielding plate 51 has a state where light is blocked on the light guide L by the drive source 54 (hereinafter, this state is referred to as “blocking state”) and a state where the light is retracted from the light guide L (hereinafter this state). Are referred to as “passing state”).

As shown in FIG. 3, the drive source 54 includes a solenoid 540 and a solenoid drive circuit 541 that drives the solenoid 540.
The solenoid 540 is provided below the opening of the recess 403. The solenoid 540 has a rod-shaped solenoid rod 52 that moves in the vertical direction, and moves the light shielding plate 51 via the solenoid rod 52.

  Further, the solenoid 540 has a coil spring 55 that biases the light shielding plate 51 toward the upper side in FIG. The coil spring 55 is wound around the solenoid rod 52, and both ends thereof are in contact with the light shielding plate 51 and the solenoid 540, respectively. In this state, the coil spring 55 is contracted and urges the light shielding plate 51 upward. Thereby, even when the drive source 54 breaks down, the light shielding plate 51 is cut off by the biasing force of the coil spring 55.

As shown in FIG. 3, the solenoid drive circuit 541 is electrically connected to the control unit 6. The solenoid drive circuit 541 drives the solenoid 540 based on a signal from the control unit 6. Specifically, when a current in a predetermined direction is passed through the solenoid drive circuit 541, the light shielding plate 51 moves downward and enters a passing state (see FIG. 7A). On the other hand, when the energization to the solenoid drive circuit 541 is stopped, the light shielding plate 51 is pushed upward by the coil spring 55 to be in a cut-off state (see FIG. 7B).
Such a switching unit 5 is housed in the apparatus main body 100 as described above. Thereby, compared with the case where switching part 5 was built in mounting part 200, size reduction of mounting part 200 can be attained, and, therefore, the burden at the time of a user wearing mounting part 200 can be reduced. it can.

As shown in FIG. 7, a light receiving element 53 that detects the intensity of the signal light from the signal generation unit 3 is provided on the surface facing the distal end surface 22 a of the first optical fiber 2 a of the light shielding plate 51, that is, the proximal end surface 510. It has been. The light receiving element 53 is disposed so as to be positioned on the light guide portion L in a blocked state. Thereby, the light receiving element 53 can receive the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2a in the blocked state.
The light receiving element 53 is electrically connected to the control unit 6, and a signal including information on the intensity of the signal light detected by the light receiving element 53 is transmitted to the control unit 6. Thereby, white balance can be taken.

Further, since the light receiving element 53 is provided on the light shielding plate 51, it is possible to omit providing a member for arranging the light receiving element 53 separately. Therefore, it contributes to downsizing of the image display device 1.
Such a light receiving element 53 is not particularly limited, but, for example, a photodiode can be used.

Next, the operation of the image display device 1 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, first, the control unit 6 drives the drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B, respectively. The light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B are driven by driving circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B, and emit red light, green light, and blue light, respectively. The three colors of light emitted from the light sources 311R, 311G, and 311B are combined by the light combining unit 313 and incident on the first optical fiber 2a.
As shown in FIG. 7B, the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2 a is incident on the light receiving element 53 provided on the light shielding plate 51. The light receiving element 53 detects the intensity of the signal light from the signal generating unit 3 and transmits a detection result signal to the control unit 6. Based on the detection result, the control unit 6 adjusts the drive of the drive circuits 312R, 312G, and 312B.

  Next, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the control unit 6 drives the drive signal generation unit 32 and transmits the first drive signal V <b> 1 and the second drive signal V <b> 2 to the signal superimposing unit 18 of the movable unit drive unit 110. To do. Thereby, the movable part 11 swings. The electromotive force generated from the first piezoelectric element 81 and the second piezoelectric element 82 due to the swing is detected by the detection unit 83. A signal including the detection result is transmitted from the detection unit 83 to the control unit 6. That is, the detection unit 8 detects whether or not the movable unit 11 is swinging, and transmits a signal including the detection result to the control unit 6.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, when it is detected in step S101 that the movable portion 11 is swinging, the control portion 6 causes the solenoid drive circuit so that the switching portion 5 selects the passage of the signal light. 541 is driven (step S103). At this time, as shown in FIG. 7A, the solenoid 540 moves the light shielding plate 51 downward against the urging force of the coil spring 55. As a result, the light shielding plate 51 is in a retracted state retracted from the light guide portion L. In this retracted state, the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2a passes through the recess 403, and the signal light enters the second optical fiber 2b. That is, the first optical fiber 2a and the second optical fiber 2b are optically connected. The signal light emitted from the second optical fiber 2 b enters the movable part 11 through the lens 500. Thereby, the signal light is scanned by the optical scanner 42 and projected onto the retina M as an image.

Here, although the first drive signal V1 and the second drive signal V2 are transmitted to the optical scanner 42, the swinging of the movable part 11 is stopped for some reason, such as a failure of the optical scanner. The case will be described.
In this case, the detection unit 8 detects that the swing of the movable unit 11 has stopped for some reason such as a failure, and transmits a signal including the detection result to the control unit 6.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when it is detected in step S101 that the swinging of the movable part 11 is stopped, the control part 6 causes the solenoid drive circuit to select the blocking of the signal light by the switching part 5. 541 is driven (step S102). At this time, the solenoid 540 moves the light shielding plate 51 to the upper side in FIG. The light shielding plate 51 abuts on the upper surface 404 of the concave portion 403 and is restricted from moving upward from the upper surface 404. Thereby, the light-shielding plate 51 will be in the interruption | blocking state. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2a from entering the second optical fiber 2b. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent signal light from entering the movable portion 11.

Further, for example, even when the detection unit 8 detects that the swing of the movable unit 11 is stopped, even if the operation of the switching unit 5 is stopped for some reason such as a failure, the coil spring 55 Due to the urging force, the light shielding plate 51 comes into contact with the upper surface 404 and enters a blocking state. Thereby, the incidence of signal light on the movable portion 11 can be more reliably prevented.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the switching unit 5 can reliably select the passage / blocking of light with a simple configuration in which the light shielding plate 51 is moved between the blocking state and the passing state.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reliably prevent light from entering the movable portion 11 while the swinging of the movable portion 11 is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent light from entering the retina M with the movable portion 11 stopped. Therefore, it is possible to provide an image display device with high safety.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the image display device will be described.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a relay unit provided in the second embodiment of the image display device of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the second embodiment of the image display device of the present invention will be described with reference to this figure, but the description will focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the configuration of the relay unit (switching unit) is different.
In the lumen 402 of the connection member 401 according to the present embodiment, the first lumen 405 into which the first optical fiber 2a is inserted and the second optical fiber 2b are inserted into the lumen 402 more than the first lumen 405. It has the 2nd lumen | bore part 406 with a large internal diameter.

A concave portion 413 is formed at the base end portion of the upper inner wall surface (upper surface) 409 facing the second lumen portion 406. The concave portion 413 has a contact surface 411 on the bottom of which the light shielding portion 416 described later contacts.
In addition, an attachment plate 414 that stably holds the second optical fiber 2 b is provided on the inner wall surface 409 via three coil springs 415.

The attachment plate 414 is in contact with the second optical fiber 2b on the lower surface thereof and stably holds the posture. In addition, a light shielding portion 416 is provided at the base end portion of the top surface of the attachment plate 414 so as to stand vertically from the portion. The light shielding portion 416 is formed of a plate member, and a light receiving element 53 is provided on the front end surface thereof.
The coil spring 415 biases the attachment plate 414 toward the lower side. The total urging force of the three coil springs 415 is larger than the urging force of the coil spring 55.

A lower inner wall surface (lower surface) 410 facing the second lumen portion 406 is provided with a through hole 412 that penetrates in the vertical direction and into which the solenoid rod 52 of the switching unit 5 is inserted.
The switching unit 5 according to this embodiment includes an operation plate 417 and a drive source 54. The upper surface of the operation plate 417 is in contact with the second optical fiber 2b. The lower surface of the operation plate 417 is connected to the solenoid 540 via the solenoid rod 52 inserted into the through hole 412.
The second optical fiber 2b is stably sandwiched between the attachment plate 414 and the operation plate 417.

Hereinafter, the operation of the switching unit 5 of the present embodiment will be described.
When the switching unit 5 selects the passage of the signal light, the solenoid 540 moves the operation plate 417 upward against the urging force of the coil spring 415 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the upper surface of the light shielding part 416 is in contact with the contact surface 411 of the recess 413, and the movement upward from the contact surface 411 is restricted. At this time, the optical axis of the first optical fiber 2a coincides with the optical axis of the second optical fiber 2b, so that the light passes from the first optical fiber 2a to the second optical fiber 2b. That is, the first optical fiber 2a and the second optical fiber 2b are optically connected.

  On the other hand, when the switching unit 5 selects the blocking of the signal light, the solenoid 540 moves the operation plate 417 downward against the biasing force of the coil spring 55 as shown in FIG. 9B. As a result, the operation plate 417 abuts on the lower surface 410 of the second lumen 406, and movement of the operation plate 417 below the lower surface 410 is restricted. At this time, the optical axis of the first optical fiber 2a and the optical axis of the second optical fiber 2b are shifted from each other, and the light enters the second optical fiber 2b from the first optical fiber 2a. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the signal light emitted from the first optical fiber 2a from entering the second optical fiber 2b. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent signal light from entering the movable portion 11.

Further, as described above, the total urging force of the three coil springs 415 is larger than the urging force of the coil spring 55. Thereby, for example, even when the detection unit 8 detects that the swinging of the movable unit 11 is stopped, even if the operation of the switching unit 5 is stopped for some reason such as failure, the operation plate 417 is brought into contact with the lower surface 410 of the second lumen portion 406 by the biasing force of the coil spring 415 and is in a cut-off state. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the signal light from entering the movable portion 11.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the switching unit has a simple configuration in which the first optical fiber 2a and the second optical fiber 2b are moved relative to each other between the connected state and the blocked state, thereby allowing light to pass / block. Can be selected reliably.

The image display device of the present invention has been described above with reference to the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each unit constituting the image display device can have any configuration that can exhibit the same function. Can be substituted. Moreover, arbitrary components may be added.
Further, the image display device of the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above embodiments.

In each embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a head-mounted display has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to, for example, a head-up display.
Moreover, although the photosynthesis part of each embodiment is comprised with the combiner, it is not limited to this in this invention, You may be comprised with the dichroic mirror etc.

In each embodiment, a solenoid and a solenoid drive circuit are used as a drive source. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any drive source that moves a moving body may be used.
In addition, the switching unit of each embodiment is configured with a mechanical shutter that mechanically blocks signal light, but is not limited to this in the present invention, and is configured with an electronic shutter that electrically blocks signal light. May be.

Further, the switching unit of each embodiment moves the light shielding plate between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, or moves the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber relatively to move the light. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical fiber may be configured to be selected to pass or block light by bending and deforming the optical fiber to a predetermined curvature or more.
In addition, the light emitting unit of each embodiment is installed in a frame that has the shape of a spectacle frame, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the light emitting unit may be directly attached to a hat or the user's skin. Good.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Image display apparatus 2a ... 1st optical fiber 21a ... End surface 2b ... 2nd optical fiber 21b ... Connector 22a ... End surface 22b ... Base end surface 23b ... Connector part 210a, 210b ... Optical fiber Bundles 211a, 211b ... Cover members 212a, 212b ... Outer peripheral surface 213a ... Tip end 213b ... Base end 3 ... Signal generator (light source) 31 ... Signal light generator 311B, 311G, 311R ... Light source 312B, 312G, 312R... Drive circuit 313... Light combiner 32... Drive signal generator 321... Drive circuit (first drive circuit) 322... Drive circuit (second drive circuit) 42. 5 …… Switching unit 51 …… Light-shielding plate 510 …… Base end face 52 …… Solenoid rod 53 …… Light receiving element 54… Driving source 55... Coil spring 540. Solenoid 541. Solenoid driving circuit 6... Control unit 8... Detection unit 81 .. Piezoelectric element (first piezoelectric element) 82. 83 …… Detection part 11 …… Moving part 110 …… Moving part driving part 111 …… Base part 112 …… Spacer 113 …… Light reflecting plate 114 …… Light reflecting part 115 …… Hard layer 12a, 12b …… Shaft part ( First shaft portion) 13... Frame body portions 14 a, 14 b, 14 c and 14 d... Shaft portion (second shaft portion) 15... Support portion 16... Permanent magnet 17. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Main body 200 ... Mounting part 201 ... Frame 202 ... Scanning light emission part 203 ... Lens part 300 ... Cable 400 ... Relay part 401 ... Connection member 402 ... Lumen part Reference numeral 403... Recessed portion 404 .. Upper surface (bottom surface) 405... First lumen portion 406... Second lumen portion 407 .. Step portion 409 .. Inner wall surface (upper surface) 410. 411 …… Abutting surface 412 …… Through hole 413 …… Concavity 414 …… Bad plate 415 …… Coil spring 416 …… Light-shielding portion 417 …… Operation plate 500 …… Lens L …… Light guiding portion W1, W2 …… Width T1, T2: Period V1: First drive signal V2: Second drive signal θ: Tilt angle M: Retina (eyes)

Claims (11)

A light source;
A light guide section through which light emitted from the light source passes;
An optical scanner having a reflection part for reflecting light, a movable part provided with the reflection part, and a drive part for swinging the movable part;
A switching unit that is provided between the light source of the light guide unit and the light scanner, and switches between a passing state in which light is emitted from the light guide unit and a blocking state in which light is not emitted from the light guide unit;
A detection unit that detects whether or not the movable unit is swinging,
The switching unit switches to the shut-off state when the detection unit detects that the swing of the movable unit is stopped.   The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit switches to the passing state when the detection unit detects that the movable unit is swinging.   The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects whether or not the movable unit is oscillating when a drive signal for oscillating the movable unit is transmitted to the drive unit. . The light guide unit includes a first optical fiber provided between the light source and the optical scanner, and a second optical fiber provided between the first optical fiber and the optical scanner,
4. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit is provided between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber. 5.   The switching unit moves on the optical path of the light emitted from the first optical fiber between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber when in the blocking state, and when in the passing state, The image display apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising: a light shielding plate that retreats from the optical path; and a drive source that moves the light shielding plate. The light guide unit includes a first optical fiber provided between the light source and the optical scanner, and a second optical fiber provided between the first optical fiber and the optical scanner,
In the switching unit, the passing state in which the light emitted from the first optical fiber enters the second optical fiber, the optical axis of the first optical fiber, and the optical axis of the second optical fiber are shifted, 2. A drive source for relatively moving the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber in the blocked state where the light emitted from the first optical fiber is not incident on the second optical fiber. 4. The image display device according to any one of items 3.   The image display device according to claim 1, further comprising: a first structure including the light source and the switching unit; and a second structure including the optical scanner and the detection unit. .   The image display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a light receiving element that detects an intensity of light from the light source in the blocked state. The optical scanner includes a frame body portion that surrounds the movable portion;
A first shaft portion having one end connected to the movable portion, the other end connected to the frame body portion, and supporting the movable portion swingably with respect to the frame body portion around a first axis;
9. A second shaft portion having one end connected to the frame body portion and supporting the frame body portion swingably together with the movable portion about a second axis intersecting the first axis. The image display device according to any one of the above.   The image display device according to claim 9, wherein the detection unit includes a first piezoelectric element provided on the first shaft portion and a second piezoelectric element provided on the second shaft portion. A light source;
A light guide section through which light emitted from the light source passes;
An optical scanner having a reflection part for reflecting light, a movable part provided with the reflection part, and a drive part for swinging the movable part;
A switching unit that is provided between the light source of the light guide unit and the light scanner, and switches between a passing state in which light is emitted from the light guide unit and a blocking state in which light is not emitted from the light guide unit;
A detection unit that detects whether or not the movable unit is swinging,
The switching unit switches to the blocking state when the detection unit detects that the swinging of the movable unit is stopped.

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