JP2014141178A - Shared vehicle management system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shared vehicle management system that incurs only a small load at the time of adding a new user and has the number of vehicles, which is usable by each of users, independent of the storage capacity of handheld equipment.SOLUTION: A shared vehicle management system 100 includes: industrial vehicles 10 including a forklift; IC cards 20 serving as handheld units (electronic keys) distributed to respective users; and a management terminal 30 installed in a control room in a factory. Unique vehicle identification information 18 is assigned to each of the industrial vehicles 10, and usable vehicle information 21 of a fixed length containing plural pieces of vehicle identification information 18 is stored in each of the IC cards 20 owned by each of the users. Each of the users can use the industrial vehicles 10 which are assigned the respective pieces of vehicle identification information 18 contained in the usable vehicle information 21 stored in the IC card 20 owned by the user himself/herself.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shared vehicle management system in which each vehicle is used by a plurality of users.

  In recent years, a technique called smart entry that authenticates a user by performing communication between a portable device (electronic key) possessed by the user and a vehicle and unlocks a door lock or starts an engine has become widespread. . When such a technique is adopted in a management system for a shared vehicle such as an industrial vehicle used in a factory, it is necessary to construct a management system so that each vehicle can be used by a plurality of users.

  Patent Document 1 stores unique identification information in each portable device possessed by each user and registers a plurality of identification information of users who can use the vehicle on the vehicle side. The invention that can be used (hereinafter referred to as “first invention”) is described.

  Further, in the same Patent Document 1, each vehicle is stored with unique identification information, and each vehicle is registered by registering a plurality of vehicle identification information that can be used by the user in a portable device possessed by each user. An invention that can be used by a plurality of users (hereinafter, “second invention”) is also described.

JP 2005-254975 A

  However, in the first invention, when a new user is added, the user's identification information must be additionally registered in all vehicles to which the use permission is given to the user. Therefore, there is a problem that the burden when adding a new user is large.

  In addition, in the second invention, when adding a new user, it is only necessary to collectively register the identification information of all the vehicles that are permitted to be used for the portable device possessed by the user. The burden of doing this is relatively small. However, there is a problem that the number of vehicles that can be used by each user depends on the storage capacity of the portable device.

  The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and the shared vehicle has a small burden when adding a new user and the number of vehicles that can be used by each user does not depend on the storage capacity of the portable device. The purpose is to provide a management system.

  In order to solve the above problems, a shared vehicle management system according to the present invention includes a portable device that stores first fixed length information including a plurality of vehicle identification information uniquely assigned to each vehicle, and a certain vehicle. Authentication means for checking whether or not the assigned vehicle identification information is included in the first fixed length information stored in the portable device, the authentication means including the vehicle identification information as the first fixed length information. If it is included, the vehicle is put into a usable state.

  The vehicle identification information may include information on the organization to which the vehicle belongs and the group in the organization.

  The portable device further stores the second fixed length information including the vehicle setting information, and the authentication unit determines the vehicle according to the vehicle setting information included in the second fixed length information when making the vehicle usable. You may change the setting.

  The authentication unit may rewrite the vehicle setting information included in the second fixed length information stored in the portable device based on the setting of the vehicle at the end of use of the vehicle.

  The first and second fixed length information may be stored in the portable device in an encrypted state.

  You may further provide the management means which manages the 1st, 2nd fixed length information memorize | stored in the portable device centrally.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a shared vehicle management system in which the burden when adding a new user is small and the number of vehicles that can be used by each user does not depend on the storage capacity of the portable device.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the shared vehicle management system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the data structure of the shared vehicle management system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of the user authentication process in the shared vehicle management system 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the data structure of the shared vehicle management system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the usable vehicle information which concerns on the modification 1 of this invention, and its usage method.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on an example in which the present invention is applied to an industrial vehicle management system used in a factory.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A shared vehicle management system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a shared vehicle management system 100 is an industrial vehicle management system used in a factory, and includes an industrial vehicle 10 such as a forklift, and a portable device (electronic device) distributed to each user. IC card 20 as a key) and a management terminal 30 installed in a management room in the factory. Although only one industrial vehicle 10 and one IC card 20 are shown in FIG. 1, there are actually a plurality of industrial vehicles 10 and a plurality of IC cards 20, which are managed by one. Managed by the terminal 30. Each industrial vehicle 10 is assigned unique vehicle identification information 18.

  Hereinafter, the configurations of the industrial vehicle 10, the IC card 20, and the management terminal 30 will be described in order.

(Composition of industrial vehicles)
First, the configuration of the industrial vehicle 10 will be described. The industrial vehicle 10 includes an IC card reader / writer 12, an authentication unit 13, and electronic control units (ECU) 14 to 16, which are connected by a bus (BUS) 17.

  The nonvolatile memory (EEPROM) 11 of the authentication unit 13 stores vehicle identification information 18 assigned to the own vehicle, and the ECUs 14 to 16 described later include vehicle setting information including various settings of the own vehicle. 19 is stored. Initial values of these pieces of information are written by the dedicated writing terminal 40 when the vehicle is introduced. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle identification information 18 is composed of 16-bit data, and the organization such as a company or organization to which the vehicle belongs is specified by the “organization ID” of the upper 8 bits. The “group ID” of the group identifies the group within the organization, and the “individual ID” of the lower 4 bits identifies the individual vehicle within the group.

  Further, the vehicle setting information 19 is composed of four items of “setting change”, “upper limit speed”, “traveling ability”, and “loading ability”. The “setting change” item indicates whether or not the driver can change the upper limit speed of the vehicle, the driving ability such as acceleration, and the cargo handling capacity such as the cargo handling speed. Take one of the values. Further, the item “upper speed” takes a value in the range of 5 km / h to 15 km / h, and the items “traveling ability” and “loading ability” take values in five levels from level 1 to level 5, respectively. . The values of these items are distributed and stored in the ECUs 14 to 16 according to functions.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the IC card reader / writer 12 performs non-contact wireless communication with the IC card 20, and stores information stored in an encrypted state in the IC card 20 described below. Read and transmit to the authentication unit 13.

  The authentication unit 13 is mainly composed of a microcomputer and an EEPROM 11. The authentication unit 13 decodes information of the IC card 20 read by the IC card reader / writer 12, and an IC card based on the information and the information of the EEPROM 11. The user who possesses 20 authenticates whether or not the vehicle can be driven.

  The ECUs 14 to 16 control the door lock state of the vehicle, the operation of the engine, and the like by transmitting various control signals to the door lock mechanism and engine of the vehicle (not shown). At this time, the ECUs 14 to 16 set the vehicle speed, acceleration performance, and other cargo handling capabilities such as the vehicle handling speed and the cargo handling speed to a predetermined value or less according to each item of the vehicle setting information 19 specified and stored from the authentication unit 13. Restrict.

(Configuration of IC card)
Next, the configuration of the IC card 20 will be described. The IC card 20 is a non-contact type IC card based on wireless communication standards such as Felica and NFC, and includes usable vehicle information 21 including a plurality of vehicle identification information 18 of the industrial vehicle 10 and each user who owns the IC card 20. Is stored in an encrypted state.

  The usable vehicle information 21 includes a plurality of pieces of vehicle identification information 18 uniquely assigned to each industrial vehicle 10, and the user who possesses the IC card 20 is included in the usable vehicle information 21. The industrial vehicle 10 having the vehicle identification information 18 can be used. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the usable vehicle information 21 is composed of 24-bit fixed-length data. The organization ID is specified by the upper 8 bits, and the group ID in the organization is determined by the middle 8 bits. Range (maximum value and minimum value) is specified, and the range (maximum value and minimum value) of individual IDs in the group is specified by the lower 8 bits. In the example of this figure, the value of the usable vehicle information 21 is 0xfd52f0, and the user who possesses this IC card 20 is all belonging to the four groups of group ID = 0x2 to 0x5 in the company with organization ID = 0xfd. Industrial vehicles 10 (individual ID = 0x0 to 0xf) can be used.

  Further, the vehicle setting change information 22 indicates whether the holder of the IC card 20 has the authority to change the setting of the vehicle used by the owner, and can be changed or not changed. Take. For example, it is set to be changeable for a user who is sufficiently familiar with driving the vehicle so that the upper limit speed, running ability, and cargo handling ability of the vehicle can be freely changed. On the other hand, it is set so as not to be changed for a user who has not yet mastered driving the vehicle. In the example of this figure, the user who possesses the IC card 20 has the authority to change the setting of the vehicle used by the user.

(Management terminal configuration)
Next, the configuration of the management terminal 30 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the management terminal 30 is composed of a personal computer, and includes an IC card reader / writer 31 and a storage 32, and writes information to the IC card 20 and centrally manages the information. Is what you do.

  The IC card reader / writer 31 has a function of performing contactless wireless communication with the IC card 20 and encrypting and writing the usable vehicle information 21 and the vehicle setting change information 22 to the IC card 20. Yes.

  The storage 32 stores a vehicle management table 33 and a user management table 34. As shown in FIG. 2, in the vehicle management table 33, the vehicle identification information of each industrial vehicle 10 is centrally managed in a state where the vehicle identification information is divided into an organization ID, a group ID, and an individual ID. Based on these information The vehicle identification information 18 is written to each IC card 20. In addition, in the user management table 34, the vehicle setting change information of each user is centrally managed. In the example of this figure, the user whose ID is 0x01 has the authority to change the setting of the vehicle he / she drives, and the vehicle setting change information 22 of the ID card 20 possessed by this user has a changeable value. Is written.

(User authentication process)
Next, user authentication processing in the shared vehicle management system 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This process is started by the industrial vehicle 10 when the user brings the IC card 20 possessed by the user closer to the IC card reader / writer 12 of the vehicle in order to board the industrial vehicle 10.

  First, the IC card reader / writer 12 of the industrial vehicle 10 reads the usable vehicle information 21 stored in an encrypted state on the IC card 20, and transmits it to the authentication unit 13 (step S1).

  The authentication unit 13 decrypts the encrypted usable vehicle information 21 read by the IC card reader / writer 12 (step S2), and the vehicle identification information 18 of the own vehicle stored in the EEPROM 11 is decrypted. It is checked whether it is included in the usable vehicle information 21 (step S3). In the example of FIG. 2, the vehicle identification information 18 (organization ID = 0xfd, group ID = 0x2, individual ID = 0xa) of the own vehicle is usable vehicle information 21 (organization ID = 0xfd, group ID = 0x2) of the IC card 20. ˜0x5, individual ID = 0x0 to 0xf).

  If it is determined in step S3 that the vehicle identification information 18 of the own vehicle is included in the usable vehicle information 21 of the IC card 20, the authentication unit 13 determines that the user who owns the IC card 20 Judge that he has the authority to use the car. At this time, the IC card reader / writer 12 reads the vehicle setting change information 22 stored in an encrypted state in the IC card 20 (step S4), and the authentication unit 13 reads the vehicle setting change information 22 in the encrypted state. (Step S5), and based on the value of the decoded vehicle setting information (changeable or not changeable), the value of the item “setting change” of the vehicle setting information 19 stored in each of the ECUs 14 to 16 Is set (step S6). Finally, the authentication unit 13 transmits an operation permission signal to each of the ECUs 14 to 16 via the BUS 17, thereby permitting unlocking of the door lock mechanism, starting of the engine, and the like, and making the vehicle usable ( Step S7).

  In step S3, when it is determined that the vehicle identification information 18 of the own vehicle is not included in the usable vehicle information 21 of the IC card 20, the authentication unit 13 has the IC card 20. It is determined that the user does not have the authority to drive the vehicle, and the vehicle is made unusable by transmitting an operation non-permission signal to each of the ECUs 14 to 16 via the BUS 17 (step S8).

  As described above, in the shared vehicle management system 100 according to the first embodiment, each industrial vehicle 10 is assigned unique vehicle identification information 18, and each IC card 20 possessed by each user has a vehicle Fixed-length usable vehicle information 21 including a plurality of pieces of identification information 18 is stored. Each user can use the industrial vehicle 10 having the vehicle identification information 18 included in the usable vehicle information 21 stored in the IC card 20 possessed by the user.

  When a new user is added, the management terminal 30 includes all the vehicle identification information 18 of the industrial vehicle 10 to which the user is permitted to use the usable vehicle information 21 of the IC card 20 possessed by the user. You just need to set Moreover, since the usable vehicle information 21 stored in the IC card 20 is fixed-length information, the number of vehicles that can be used by the user does not depend on the storage capacity of the IC card 20.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
A shared vehicle management system 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the first embodiment, when the authentication unit 13 sets the vehicle in a drivable state, the vehicle setting of the industrial vehicle 10 is based on the value of the vehicle setting change information 22 of the IC card 20 (changeable or not changeable). Only the value of “setting change” in the information 19 was set.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle setting change information 222 of the IC card 220 according to the second embodiment includes each item (“setting change”, “upper limit” of the vehicle setting information 19 of the industrial vehicle 210. All the values corresponding to “speed”, “traveling ability”, “loading ability”) are stored, and when the authentication unit 13 of the industrial vehicle 210 sets the own vehicle in a drivable state, the vehicle setting of the IC card 220 is set. Based on the change information 222, the value of each item of the vehicle setting information 19 of the own vehicle is set. Thus, each user can use the vehicle with his / her own vehicle settings stored in the IC card 220 possessed by the user immediately after boarding the industrial vehicle 210.

  Further, at the end of use of the vehicle, the authentication unit 13 reads out the value of each item of the vehicle setting information 19 of the industrial vehicle 210 whose value may have been changed during use from the ECUs 14 to 16 via the BUS 17, Write back to the vehicle setting change information 222 of the IC card 220. Thus, even when the user changes the vehicle setting while using the industrial vehicle 210, each user can save the setting and use the setting in another vehicle to be boarded next time.

  Further, when the driver stops at the management office after the use of the vehicle, the IC card 220 owned by the driver is brought close to the IC card reader / writer 31 of the management terminal 230, whereby the vehicle setting change information of the IC card 220 is obtained. If 222 is written back to the user management table 234 of the management terminal 230, the consistency between the information in the IC card 220 and the information in the management terminal 230 can be maintained. At this time, the management terminal 230 can search the vehicle setting change information of each user in the user management table 234 based on the user ID 223 stored in the IC card 220. In the case where an identification number (card ID) set in advance exists in the IC card 220, the management terminal 230 associates the identification number with the user ID 223 to save the storage capacity of the IC card 220. Can do. If information such as the time when the IC card 220 is set in the IC card 220 (lending time), the time when the IC card 220 is written back (return time), and the setting change history, etc., is stored. The operation information 230 can be managed in association with each user.

Other embodiments.
(Modification 1)
In the first and second embodiments, the usable vehicle information 21 stored in the IC cards 20 and 220 specifies the organization ID by the upper 8 bits, and the group ID range (maximum value) in the organization by the middle 8 bits. And the minimum value), and the range (maximum value and minimum value) of individual IDs in the group is specified by the lower 8 bits. However, the configuration of the usable vehicle information is not limited to this, and may be configured as shown in FIG. 5A, for example.

  In the example of FIG. 5A, the organization ID is specified by the upper 8 bits, as in the first and second embodiments. However, the middle 8 bits that specify the group ID and the lower 8 bits that specify the individual ID. Each upper 4 bits in is used as a mask value. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the result of masking the group ID of the vehicle identification information with the group ID mask value is equal to the specified group ID value, and the individual ID of the vehicle identification information is masked with the individual ID mask value. When the result is equal to the individual ID designation value, it is determined that the industrial vehicles 10 and 210 having the vehicle identification information can be used.

(Modification 2)
In the first and second embodiments, a non-contact type IC card based on a wireless communication standard such as Felica (registered trademark) or NFC is used as a portable device (electronic key) possessed by each user. The type is not limited to this, and for example, a contact type IC card may be used. In addition, a storage medium such as an SD card or smart media may be used as a portable device, and communication between the storage medium and the vehicle is performed by wireless communication such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) or Wi-Fi (registered trademark). May be.

(Modification 3)
In the first and second embodiments, the IC card reader / writer 12 of the industrial vehicles 10 and 210 may be connected to the authentication unit 13 via a general-purpose interface such as a USB. Thus, when changing the portable device to another standard, it is only necessary to replace the IC card reader / writer 12 connected to the general-purpose interface with an access device conforming to the other standard.

  100, 200 Shared vehicle management system, 10, 210 Industrial vehicle (vehicle), 13 Authentication unit (authentication means), 18 Vehicle identification information, 19 Vehicle setting information, 20, 220 IC card (portable machine), 21 Usable vehicle information (First fixed length information), 22,222 Vehicle setting change information (second fixed length information), 30,230 Management terminal (management means).

Claims (6)

A portable device that stores first fixed-length information including a plurality of vehicle identification information uniquely assigned to each vehicle;
Authentication means for examining whether or not the vehicle identification information assigned to a vehicle is included in the first fixed length information stored in the portable device;
The said authentication means is a shared vehicle management system which makes the said vehicle usable state, when the said vehicle identification information is contained in said 1st fixed length information.   The shared vehicle management system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle identification information includes information on an organization to which the vehicle belongs and an organization group. The portable device further stores second fixed length information including vehicle setting information,
3. The sharing according to claim 1, wherein the authentication unit changes the setting of the vehicle in accordance with the vehicle setting information included in the second fixed length information when the vehicle is in a usable state. 4. Vehicle management system.   The authentication unit rewrites the vehicle setting information included in the second fixed length information stored in the portable device based on the setting of the vehicle at the end of use of the vehicle. The shared vehicle management system described.   The shared vehicle management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second fixed length information is stored in the portable device in an encrypted state.   The shared vehicle management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising management means for centrally managing the first and second fixed length information stored in the portable device.

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