JP2014134326A - Electric power management system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power management system capable of highly efficiently storing heat by making effective use of surplus electric power if the surplus electric power is generated in the electric power generated by a solar battery.SOLUTION: An electric power management system comprises: a solar battery 3 installed on a roof 2, and generating electric power by solar energy; an air conditioner (heat pump type air conditioner) 6 installed in an underfloor space 11; and a control unit 7 that compares the electric power generated by the solar battery 3 with consumed electric power consumed by electric power load devices 10a and 10b, the control unit controlling the air conditioner 6 to operate with surplus electric power if it is determined that the electric power generated by the solar battery 3 is higher than the consumed electric power and the surplus electric power is present, and that this surplus electric power is equal to or higher than specified electric power with which the air conditioner 6 operates. Heat energy obtained when the air conditioner 6 operates with the surplus electric power under control of the control unit 7 is stored in the underfloor space 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power management system in a house such as a detached house provided with a solar power generation device.

  In recent years, detached houses and apartment houses equipped with solar power generation devices have been increasing for the purpose of energy saving and energy creation. Solar cells (solar panels) of solar power generators generate the highest power during the daytime in fine weather, etc., and the generated power decreases when the illuminance of sunlight is low, such as in cloudy or rainy weather. It has a power generation characteristic that generated power becomes zero at night.

  In this way, the power generated by solar cells is highest during daytime in fine weather, but in ordinary homes, etc., daytime consumption is consumed by energizing the power load equipment in the house (for example, lighting, refrigerator, etc.). The electric power is less than the electric power consumed in the morning and evening and at night, and surplus electric power is generated in the electric power generated by the solar cell during the daytime in fine weather.

  For this reason, in recent years, when surplus power is generated in the power generated by the solar battery of the solar power generation device, there is a system that reversely supplies (sells) this surplus power to the commercial power source (power system) connected to the house. Has been introduced. Under the current system, houses with solar power generation devices are not yet widespread, so the unit price of surplus power is set high in order to encourage the spread, and users who sell this surplus power ( There is no penalty on the surplus power seller.

  By the way, it is inevitable that the unit price of surplus power will decrease as houses equipped with solar power generation equipment become popular in the future, and from the viewpoint of energy saving, surplus power should be used effectively at home. Is desirable.

  For this reason, for example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, for example, when surplus power is generated in the solar battery during the daytime in fine weather in winter, when the room temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the fan is rotated in the forward direction. Air (heat) is supplied under the floor, the heat storage material installed under the floor is stored as heat energy, and at night, the fan is rotated backward to supply air heated by the stored heat energy into the room. I am doing so.

JP2012-100420A (paragraphs 0051 and 0052)

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1, as described above, when surplus power is generated in the power generated by the solar cell during the daytime in winter, when the room temperature in the building exceeds a predetermined temperature, the surplus power is In this configuration, the fan is driven and rotated to supply air under a predetermined temperature in the room to the floor, and the heat storage material installed under the floor stores heat as heat energy.

  However, since the room temperature in the building is not so high even in the daytime when it is sunny in winter, the heat storage efficiency when storing heat as heat energy in the heat storage material installed under the floor is low. For this reason, the thermal energy supplied from the heat storage material to the indoor side at night is small, and effective air conditioning adjustment cannot be performed.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power management system that can efficiently store heat by effectively using the surplus power when surplus power is generated in the power generated by the solar cell.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power management system according to the present invention includes a solar cell that generates power by sunlight, air-conditioning means installed in an underfloor space of a building, generated power of the solar cell, and power in the building. Compared with the power consumed by the load device, the generated power of the solar cell is larger than the consumed power and there is surplus power, and this surplus power is equal to or higher than the specified power for operating the air conditioning means. Control means for controlling the air conditioning means to operate with the surplus power when it is determined that the thermal energy obtained when the air conditioning means is operated with the surplus power by the control by the control means. In addition, heat is stored in the underfloor space.

  According to the power management system of the present invention, by operating the air conditioning means in the underfloor space with surplus power, it is possible to efficiently use the surplus power to store heat energy in the underfloor space with high efficiency.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which showed in time series the electric power generated with the solar cell at the time of fine weather in winter. The figure which showed the change of the indoor temperature when the air heated by the thermal energy stored in the underfloor space part is supplied into the room on the floor (solid line a) and when it is not supplied (broken line b) .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is an example of the power management system in the detached house provided with the solar power generation device.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the power management system according to the present embodiment includes a solar cell (solar panel) 3, a PCS (power conditioner) 4, a distribution board 5, and a heat pump installed on a roof 2 of a detached house 1. A type air conditioner (hereinafter referred to as “air conditioner”) 6 and a control unit 7 are provided as main components.

  The solar cell 3 receives sunlight and generates DC generated power. The PCS (Power Conditioning Subsystem) 4 has a function of inputting DC generated power obtained by power generation by the solar cell 3 and converting it into AC power (usually 100 V AC power for home use). Further, the PCS 4 has a grid-connected operation function for coordinating the converted AC power with a commercial power source (power system) 9 supplied into the house via the power meter 8. A solar power generation device is constituted by the solar cell 3 and the PCS 4.

  The AC power adjusted by the PCS 4 is supplied to the power load equipment (for example, lighting equipment, refrigerator, air conditioning equipment, various home appliances, etc.) 10a, 10b... The

  The air conditioner 6 includes an indoor unit 6a installed near one side (right side in FIG. 1) of the underfloor space 11 of the detached house 1 and an outdoor unit 6b installed outdoors. 6a and the outdoor unit 6b are connected by circulation pipes 12a and 12b for circulating the refrigerant. By operating the air conditioner 6, warm air or cold air can be discharged into the underfloor space 11.

  The underfloor space portion 11 is a space region surrounded by a floor surface 13 and a foundation side wall concrete 1 a constructed as foundation heat insulation of the detached house 1, foundation side wall concrete 1 b erected on the side edge thereof. Moreover, in order to enhance the heat insulating effect, a basic heat insulating material 14 such as glass wool is attached to the inner surface of the basic side wall concrete 1b. In order to further enhance the heat insulating effect, a heat insulating material may be attached also to the underfloor space 11 side of the floor surface 13.

  An air circulation outlet 15 and a suction port 16 are provided near both sides of the floor surface 13 on the underfloor space 11, and the suction port 16 on the indoor unit 6 a side is connected via a suction pipe 17. And connected to the inlet of the indoor unit 6a. A suction fan (not shown) is provided in the suction port of the indoor unit 6a. A plurality of outlets 15 may be provided on the floor surface 13.

  The air outlet 15 and the air inlet 16 of the floor 13 are provided with lids (not shown) that can be opened and closed, and can be opened and closed in conjunction with the operation of the air conditioner 6 by an electric actuator (not shown). The lid can be opened and closed manually by a user (resident).

  The control unit 7 compares the generated power of the solar cell 3 input from the PCS 4 with the power consumption consumed by energizing the power load devices 10a, 10b.

  When the control unit 7 determines that the generated power of the solar cell 3 is larger than the consumed power and the surplus power at this time is equal to or higher than the specified power required for the operation of the air conditioner 6 in this comparison. The surplus power is controlled to be supplied to the air conditioner 6 through the distribution board 5.

  In addition, when it is determined in this comparison that the generated power of the solar cell 3 is larger than the consumed power and the surplus power at this time is equal to or less than the specified power required for the operation of the air conditioner 6, the surplus power is The surplus power is not supplied to the air conditioner 6 and is controlled so that the surplus power flows backward to the commercial power source (power system) 9 side, and the surplus power is sold to the power company.

  Further, the control unit 7 performs control so as to receive supply of insufficient power from the commercial power source (power system) 9 side when it is determined that the generated power of the solar cell 3 is less than the power consumption due to rain or cloudy weather. To do.

  Since the generated power of the solar cell 3 is zero at night, the control unit 7 performs control so that AC power is supplied from the commercial power source (power system) 9 side via the power meter 8 during the night.

  Connected to the control unit 7 is an operation panel 18 having a display unit for displaying power consumption, the value of power generated by the solar cell 3, and various operation buttons. The user (resident) operates the operation buttons on the operation panel 18 so that power management can be arbitrarily performed based on the user's judgment.

  For example, when it is determined by comparison of the control unit 7 that the generated power of the solar cell 3 is larger than the consumed power, and the surplus power at this time is equal to or higher than the specified power required for the operation of the air conditioner 6, As described above, the surplus power can be switched to reverse flow to the commercial power source (power system) 9 side without supplying the surplus power to the air conditioner 6 side, and the surplus power can be sold to the power company.

  Further, the air conditioner 6 can be arbitrarily operated with electric power from the commercial power source (power system) 9 by the operation of the operation panel 18 by the user (resident).

  Next, power management control by the power management system according to the above-described embodiment will be described.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the generated power (solid line a in FIG. 2) generated by the solar cell 3 is obtained in time series during daytime (daytime) in fine weather in winter. Further, the power consumption (broken line b in FIG. 2) changes in time series by energizing the power load devices 10a, 10b. Note that the time-series power consumption shown in FIG. 2 is when no resident is present during the daytime. 2 shows an example in which the generated power in the daytime of the solar cell 3 is higher than the power consumption in the morning or at night, but the power consumption increases depending on the ON / OFF status of each power load device 10a, 10b. Change.

  As shown in FIG. 2, if no resident is present during the daytime, the power consumption during the daytime is small, and the power consumption from evening to night when returning home is highest. In this way, a large surplus electric power is generated in the electric power (generated electric power) generated by the solar cell 3 during the daytime in fine weather in winter.

  Then, the control unit 7 compares the time-series generated power of the solar cell 3 input from the PCS 4 with the time-series power consumption consumed by energizing the power load devices 10a, 10b. When it is determined that the generated power of the solar cell 3 is larger than the consumed power and the surplus power at this time is equal to or higher than the specified power required for the operation of the air conditioner 6, the surplus power is passed through the distribution board 5. And control to supply to the air conditioner 6 side. At this time, the outlet 15 and the inlet 16 of the floor 13 are closed by a lid (not shown).

  And the air in the underfloor space part 11 is warmed by heating operation of the air conditioner 6 in the daytime with this surplus electric power, and is stored as thermal energy. In addition, in this embodiment, since the foundation heat insulating material 14 is attached to the inner surface of the foundation side wall concrete 1b, the heat storage efficiency in the underfloor space part 11 can be improved. In order to further increase the heat storage efficiency, a heat storage body (for example, concrete, stone, a known latent heat storage material, or the like) may be installed in the underfloor space 11.

  The operation of the air conditioner 6 is performed until the surplus power becomes equal to or less than the specified power necessary for the operation of the air conditioner 6. The operation of the air conditioner 6 may be stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of operation even before the surplus power becomes equal to or less than the specified power of the air conditioner 6.

  Thus, since this air conditioner 6 is a heat pump type, COP (work rate) is excellent at about 4 (or 4 or more), and heat can be stored in the underfloor space 11 with high efficiency. Furthermore, since the air conditioner 6 is heated with surplus power generated by the solar cell 3, the surplus power can be effectively used without being wasted.

  Then, from the evening to the night (only in the evening or at night), the lid (not shown) that closes the outlet 15 and the inlet 16 on the floor 13 is driven by an electric actuator (not shown) or the user. Open manually by (resident). Then, a suction fan (not shown) of the indoor unit 6 a is rotationally driven by AC power from the commercial power source (power system) 9, and the space above the floor (living room) on the floor surface 13 through the suction port 16 and the suction pipe 17. The air is circulated between the underfloor space portion 11 and the above-floor space portion 19 by inhaling air in the room 19). In this case, the power consumption is small because only the suction fan (not shown) of the indoor unit 6a is rotationally driven.

  As a result, the air heated by the heat energy stored in the underfloor space 11 is blown out to the upper space 19 on the floor surface 13 through the blowout port 15, and further under the floor through the suction port 16 and the suction pipe 17. Since it returns to the space part 11, the warmed air is effectively supplied to the floor space part 19, and the floor space part 19 can be warmed.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where the air heated by the heat energy stored in the underfloor space portion 11 is supplied from the evening to the night to the above-floor space portion (indoor) 19 on the floor surface 13 (solid line a in FIG. 3). ) And measurement results showing changes in room temperature when not supplied (broken line b in FIG. 3).

  In this way, by supplying the air heated by the thermal energy stored in the underfloor space 11 to the above-floor space 19, it is possible to moderately suppress a decrease in room temperature from evening to night.

  Moreover, since the air conditioner 6 in the underfloor space 11 can be operated by a commercial power source (electric power system) 9, the air conditioner 6 can be operated as a main indoor air conditioner from the evening to the night. At this time, since the suction pipe 17 connected to the suction port 16 is connected to the suction port of the indoor unit 6a, the air in the floor space 19 and the floor space 11 are sucked by the indoor unit 6a. Air is circulated effectively, and the temperature of the floor space 19 can be raised in a short time.

  Further, as described above, since the air heated by the thermal energy stored in the underfloor space 11 is supplied to the above-floor space 19, the air conditioner 6 is operated (low power operation) with low power consumption. However, it is possible to sufficiently heat the floor space portion 19 and to reduce the power charge.

1 Detached house 1a Foundation bottom concrete (foundation base)
1b Foundation side wall concrete (foundation side wall)
2 Roof 3 Solar cell 4 PCS
5 Distribution board 6 Air conditioner 6a Indoor unit 7 Control unit (control means)
9 Commercial power supply (electric power system)
11 Below-floor space 14 Basic insulation 19 Above-floor space (indoor)

Claims (5)

Solar cells that generate electricity by sunlight,
Air-conditioning means installed in the space under the floor of the building;
The generated power of the solar cell is compared with the consumed power consumed by the power load device in the building, the generated power of the solar cell is larger than the consumed power and there is surplus power, and this surplus power Control means for controlling the air-conditioning means to operate with the surplus power when it is determined that the air-conditioning means is equal to or higher than the specified power for operating the air-conditioning means,
The power management system characterized in that heat energy obtained when the air conditioning means is operated with the surplus power by the control by the control means is stored in the underfloor space.   During the daytime when the solar cell generates power, the air heated by the thermal energy stored in the underfloor space is supplied from the underfloor space into the interior of the building in the evening or / and at night. The power management system according to claim 1.   2. The underfloor space portion is a space surrounded by a floor surface, a foundation bottom portion, and a foundation side wall portion of the building, and a basic heat insulating material is attached to at least an inner surface of the foundation side wall portion. Or the power management system of 2.   The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioning unit can be operated by a power system of a commercial power source.   5. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning unit is a heat pump type air conditioner.