JP2014133208A - Vertical Mill - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve performance of a vertical mill while suppressing product cost increase.SOLUTION: A vertical mill includes: a pulverization table 15 supported in a housing 11 so as to be rotatably driven; a pulverization roller 16 arranged above the pulverization table 15, and rotatably supported by a first support shaft 17; a support arm 18 supporting the first support shaft 17 rockably supported by a second support shaft 19 so that the pulverization roller 16 can be closer to or separate from the pulverization table 15; and a reaction force load application device 20 applying a reaction force load, against a direction in which the pulverization roller 16 is separate from the pulverization table 15, to the support arm 18. The reaction force load application device 20 includes a first pressing shaft 41 and a second pressing shaft 51 arranged in series at a predetermined gap S kept therebetween, and a first spring 45 and a second spring 55 urging the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical mill that pulverizes and pulverizes solids such as coal and biomass.

  In combustion facilities such as boiler power generation, solid fuel such as coal or biomass is used as fuel. When this coal or the like is used as a solid fuel, for example, raw coal is pulverized by a vertical mill to generate pulverized coal, and the obtained pulverized coal is used as fuel.

  In this vertical mill, a grinding table is disposed at the lower part of a housing so as to be able to rotate. A plurality of grinding rollers can be rotated on the upper surface of the grinding table and a grinding load can be applied. Configured. Accordingly, when the raw coal is supplied from the coal supply pipe onto the pulverization table, it is dispersed on the entire surface by centrifugal force to form a coal layer, and each pulverization roller presses against this coal layer to be pulverized, and the supply air Dried and classified pulverized coal is discharged to the outside.

  In this vertical mill, the pulverization roller is pressed against the rotating pulverization table with a predetermined load, and a coal lump is supplied between the pulverization roller and the pulverization table, so that the coal is crushed and pulverized coal. It becomes. In this case, the grinding roller is rotatably supported by a support arm by a bearing, and the support arm is rotatably supported in a direction in which the grinding roller is pressed against the grinding table. The grinding roller is supported on the grinding table with respect to the support arm. A pressing device for applying a pressing load is mounted. As the pressing device, a spring or a hydraulic damper is generally applied.

  An example of such a conventional vertical mill is described in Patent Document 1 below.

Special table 2011-524251 gazette

  In the conventional vertical mill described above, the pressing device presses the grinding roller through the support arm so that a predetermined load acts on the grinding table. That is, when a lump of coal is supplied between the crushing roller and the crushing table, the crushing roller crushes the coal with a load from the pressing device to form pulverized coal. By the way, in this pressing device, it is desirable that the pulverization load increases as the roller lift amount increases, and it is desirable that the roller lift amount increase as the solid supply amount increases. In this case, it is desirable that the grinding load with respect to the roller lift amount and the roller lift amount with respect to the solid supply amount change to nonlinear characteristics. However, if a spring is applied as the pressing device, the amount of change cannot be made a non-linear characteristic. On the other hand, when a hydraulic damper is applied as the pressing device, the amount of change can be made a non-linear characteristic, but the product cost increases.

  This invention solves the subject mentioned above, and it aims at providing the vertical mill which can improve a performance, suppressing the increase in product cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, a vertical mill of the present invention includes a hollow housing, a crushing table supported in a rotatable manner by a support axis along the vertical direction in the housing, and the crushing table A crushing roller disposed above and rotatably supported by a first support shaft and having an outer peripheral surface contacting the upper surface of the crushing table; and a crushing roller for supporting the first support shaft and the crushing roller. A support arm whose outer peripheral surface is swingably supported by the housing by a second support shaft so as to be able to approach and separate from the upper surface of the grinding table, and a reaction force that opposes the direction in which the grinding roller is separated from the grinding table A reaction force load applying device that applies a load to the support arm, and the reaction force load applying device includes a first pressing shaft and a first pressure shaft arranged in series with a predetermined gap therebetween. A pressing axis, a first spring for urging the first pressure shaft, having a second spring for biasing said second pressure shaft, it is characterized in.

  Therefore, when solid matter enters between the grinding roller and the grinding table, the rotational force of the grinding table is transmitted to the grinding roller via the solid matter, and the grinding roller is raised due to the intrusion of the solid matter. However, since the reaction force load is applied to the pulverization roller by the reaction force load applying device, the pulverization roller can apply a pressing load to the solid material and pulverize. At this time, as the reaction load applied to the crushing roller, first, the biasing force of the first spring acts, and then, the biasing force combining the first spring and the second spring acts. Therefore, the reaction load applied to the pulverizing roller has a non-linear characteristic in the amount of change, and the performance can be improved while suppressing an increase in product cost.

  In the vertical mill of the present invention, the first pressing shaft can be pressed against the support arm, and the urging force of the first spring is set smaller than the urging force of the second spring.

  Accordingly, when the lift amount of the grinding roller is small, a small reaction force load is applied to the grinding roller, and when the lift amount of the grinding roller is large, a large reaction force load is applied to the grinding roller. An appropriate reaction force load can be applied according to the size of the solid matter to be processed.

  The vertical mill of the present invention is characterized in that a clearance adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting a predetermined clearance between the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft is provided.

  Therefore, by adjusting the predetermined gap between the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft by the gap adjusting mechanism, the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the grinding roller is changed from the biasing force of the first spring to the first spring and the second spring. It is possible to adjust the timing of changing to the urging force combined with the above, and to apply an appropriate reaction force load according to the size of the solid matter to be crushed.

  In the vertical mill of the present invention, the gap adjusting mechanism can move the second pressing shaft and the second spring in the axial direction.

  Therefore, the gap adjusting mechanism moves the second pressing shaft and the second spring in the axial direction to adjust the predetermined gap between the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft without changing the urging force of the second spring. Only the timing at which the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the grinding roller changes from the biasing force of the first spring to the biasing force of the first spring and the second spring can be adjusted.

  In the vertical mill of the present invention, an urging force adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the urging force of the second spring is provided.

  Therefore, by adjusting the biasing force of the second spring by the biasing force adjusting mechanism, when the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the crushing roller becomes the biasing force combining the first spring and the second spring, the change The rate can be adjusted, and an appropriate reaction force load can be applied according to the size of the solid matter to be crushed.

  According to the vertical mill of the present invention, a reaction force load applying device for the grinding roller is provided, and as this reaction force load applying device, a first pressing shaft and a second pressing shaft arranged in series with a predetermined gap therebetween, Since the first spring and the second spring having different urging forces for respectively urging the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft are provided, the amount of change in the reaction force load applied to the grinding roller can be made a non-linear characteristic. While an increase in product cost can be suppressed, performance can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a reaction load applying device in a vertical mill according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the grinding load with respect to the roller lift amount in the vertical mill of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount in the vertical mill of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the grinding load with respect to the roller lift amount when the gap amount in the vertical mill of Example 1 is changed. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount when the gap amount in the vertical mill of Example 1 is changed. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the vertical mill of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating an arrangement of grinding rollers in the vertical mill of the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a reaction load applying device in a vertical mill according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the grinding load with respect to the roller lift amount when the pressing force of the second spring in the vertical mill of Example 2 is changed. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount when the pressing force of the second spring in the vertical mill of Example 2 is changed.

  Exemplary embodiments of a vertical mill according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the vertical mill of the first embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating an arrangement of grinding rollers in the vertical mill of the first embodiment.

  The vertical mill of Example 1 grinds solids such as coal (raw coal) and biomass. Here, biomass refers to organic resources derived from renewable organisms, such as thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuel (pellets and chips) made from these raw materials. ) And the like, and is not limited to those presented here.

  In the vertical mill 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the housing 11 has a vertical cylindrical hollow shape, and a solid material supply pipe 13 is attached to the center of the ceiling portion 12. . The solid material supply pipe 13 supplies a solid material into the housing 11 from a solid material supply device (not shown). The solid material supply pipe 13 is disposed at the center position of the housing 11 along the vertical direction (vertical direction), and the lower end portion is downward. It is extended to.

  The housing 11 is provided with a gantry 14 at a lower portion, and a crushing table 15 is rotatably disposed on the gantry 14. The crushing table 15 is disposed at the center position of the housing 11 so as to face the lower end of the solid material supply pipe 13. The crushing table 15 can be rotated by a vertical (vertical) axis, and can be rotated by a driving device (not shown). The crushing table 15 has a shape in which the central portion is high and becomes lower toward the outside, and the outer peripheral portion is curved upward.

  The crushing table 15 is provided with a plurality (three in this embodiment) of crushing rollers 16 facing upward. The crushing rollers 16 are arranged above the outer periphery of the crushing table 15 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality (three in the present embodiment) of the first support shafts 17 are disposed so as to be inclined downward from the side wall of the housing 11 toward the center portion, and are crushed on the tip portion via a bearing (not shown). Is supported rotatably. In other words, each crushing roller 16 is rotatably supported above the crushing table 15 with its upper portion inclined toward the center of the housing 11.

  A plurality (three in this embodiment) of the support arms 18 are supported on the side wall of the housing 11 so as to be swingable up and down by a second support shaft 19 whose intermediate portion extends in the horizontal direction. Each support arm 18 supports the base end portion of the first support shaft 17 with the crushing roller 16 attached to the tip end portion. That is, each crushing roller 16 is supported so as to be able to approach and separate from the upper surface of the crushing table 15 as each support arm 18 swings up and down with the second support shaft 19 as a fulcrum. Each pulverizing roller 16 can be rotated by receiving a rotational force from the pulverizing table 15 when the pulverizing table 15 rotates while the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the upper surface of the pulverizing table 15.

  Each support arm 18 is provided with a reaction force load applying device 20 for applying a reaction force load of each grinding roller 16 to the upper end portion 18a, and a stopper 21 is provided for the lower end portion 18b. As will be described later, the reaction force load applying device 20 applies a reaction force load that opposes the direction in which the crushing roller 16 is separated from the crushing table 15 from the support arm 18 to the crushing roller 16. The stopper 21 regulates the amount by which the crushing roller 16 can be rotated downward via the support arm 18. The reaction force load applying device 20 and the stopper 21 are provided in the housing 11.

  Each pulverizing roller 16 pulverizes solids with the pulverizing table 15, and ensures a predetermined gap between the outer peripheral surface of the pulverizing roller 16 and the upper surface of the pulverizing table 15 and It is necessary to apply a predetermined pressing load. Therefore, by defining the rotation position (initial position) of the support arm 18 with the stopper 21, a predetermined gap is obtained between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller 16 and the upper surface of the crushing table 15 and capable of crushing. doing. Further, when the reaction force load applying device 20 applies a reaction force load that opposes the direction in which the pulverizing roller 16 is separated from the pulverizing table 15, when solid matter enters the gap between the pulverizing roller 16 and the pulverizing table 15, The rising of the crushing roller 16 is suppressed to crush the solid matter.

  That is, when the solid matter is supplied to the central portion of the crushing table 15, the solid matter moves to the outer peripheral side by centrifugal force and enters the gap between each crushing roller 16 and the crushing table 15. Here, although each crushing roller 16 is going to rise by a solid substance, since the reaction force load is applied by the reaction force load applying device 20, it applies a pressing load to the solid substance without rising. Here, the crushing roller 16 is rotated by the rotational force transmitted from the crushing table 15 via the solid material, and can be pulverized by applying a pressing load to the solid material.

  In addition, the housing 11 is provided with an inlet port 22 which is located in the lower periphery of the grinding table 15 and into which primary air is sent. The housing 11 is provided with a rotary separator (classifying device) 23 for classifying the crushed solid material (hereinafter, pulverized material) located on the outer periphery of the solid material supply pipe 13 at the top, and the ceiling portion 12 is classified. An outlet port 24 for discharging the crushed material is provided. Further, the housing 11 is provided with a foreign matter discharge pipe 25 at the lower portion, and this foreign substance discharge pipe 25 drops foreign matters (spillage) such as gravel and metal pieces mixed in solid matter from the outer peripheral portion of the crushing table 15. Are discharged.

  Here, the reaction force load applying device 20 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a reaction force load applying device in a vertical mill according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a grinding load with respect to a roller lift amount in the vertical mill according to the first embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount in the vertical mill of Example 1, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the grinding load with respect to the roller lift amount when the gap amount in the vertical mill of Example 1 is changed. 5 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount when the gap amount in the vertical mill of Example 1 is changed.

  In the reaction force load applying device 20, as shown in FIG. 1, the casing 31 has a cylindrical shape, and the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 are arranged in series with a predetermined gap S inside. . In this case, the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 are disposed on a concentric shaft.

  The casing 31 includes a first flange portion 32 on the proximal end side and a second flange portion 33 on the distal end portion side, and a support portion 34 having a cylindrical shape is provided in the middle portion. The first pressing shaft 41 includes a pressing portion 42, a piston portion 43, and a rod portion 44 that are integrally provided. In the first pressing shaft 41, the pressing portion 42 penetrates the first flange portion 32 of the casing 31 and protrudes outward, and the rod portion 44 is supported by penetrating the support portion 34. For this reason, the first pressing shaft 41 is supported by the casing 31 so that the pressing portion 42 and the rod portion 44 are movable, so that the piston portion 43 can move in the casing 31 along the axial direction.

  The first pressing shaft 41 has a first spring 45 interposed between the piston portion 43 and the support portion 34 of the casing 31. The first spring 45 is a compression coil spring, and is biased and supported in a direction in which the piston portion 43 approaches the first flange portion 32 by biasing the first pressing shaft 41 in the axial direction. In this case, the first pressing shaft 41 is urged and supported at a position where the pressing portion 42 protrudes outward from the casing 31 and contacts the upper end portion 18 a of the support arm 18.

  The second pressing shaft 51 is configured by integrally providing a piston portion 52 and a rod portion 53, and the piston portion 52 faces the rod portion 44 of the first pressing shaft 41. The second pressing shaft 51 is supported such that the rod portion 53 penetrates the second flange portion 33 of the casing 31 and protrudes outward. For this reason, the second pressing shaft 51 is supported by the casing 53 so that the rod 53 is movable, so that the piston 52 can move in the casing 31 along the axial direction.

  Further, the second pressing shaft 51 has a cylindrical support portion 54 fitted on the second flange portion 33 side so as to be relatively movable along the axial direction, and the second pressing shaft 51 is interposed between the piston portion 52 and the support portion 54. Two springs 55 are interposed. The second spring 55 is a compression coil spring, and urges the second pressing shaft 51 in the axial direction so that the piston portion 52 approaches and comes into contact with the stopper portion 35 formed in the casing 31. Energized and supported.

  In this case, the biasing force of the first spring 45 that biases the first pressing shaft 41 is different from the biasing force of the second spring 55 that biases the second pressing shaft 51. Specifically, the biasing force of the first spring 45 is set smaller than the biasing force of the second spring 55.

  Further, the reaction load applying device 20 is provided with a gap adjusting mechanism 61 that can adjust a predetermined gap S between the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51. The gap adjusting mechanism 61 can move the second pressing shaft 51 and the second spring 55 in the axial direction.

  That is, the casing 31 is provided with a support plate 62 having a disk shape facing the second flange portion 33 on the distal end side. The second pressing shaft 51 is fastened to the support plate 62 by the tip portion passing through the second flange portion 33 and the support plate 62 and screwing the nut 63. The plurality of adjusting screws 64 penetrate from the outside of the support plate 62 and are screwed into the second flange portion 33 of the casing 31, and then the tip end portion is connected to the support portion 54 so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. . Each adjustment screw 64 is connected to the support plate 62 by a nut 65.

  Therefore, when each adjusting screw 64 is rotated, the adjusting screw 64 moves in the axial direction with respect to the second flange portion 33 of the casing 31. Then, the support portion 54 connected to the distal end portion of the adjustment screw 64, the support plate 62 connected to the proximal end portion of the adjustment screw 64, and the second pressing shaft 51 move in the axial direction together with the adjustment screw 64. Therefore, by moving the second pressing shaft 51 and the second spring 55 in the axial direction by the same amount, the second pressing shaft 51 is moved without compressing the second spring 55, and a predetermined clearance from the first pressing shaft 41 is achieved. The amount of S can be adjusted.

  Here, the operation | movement in the vertical mill 10 of Example 1 mentioned above is demonstrated in detail based on FIG.1 and FIG.6.

  In the vertical mill 10, as shown in FIG. 6, when a solid material such as raw coal is supplied into the housing 11 from the solid material supply pipe 13, the solid material is supplied to the central portion on the crushing table 15. The At this time, since the crushing table 15 rotates at a predetermined speed, the solid matter supplied to the central portion on the crushing table 15 moves so as to be dispersed on the outer periphery by centrifugal force. A certain solid layer is formed on the entire surface. That is, the solid matter enters between each grinding roller 16 and the grinding table 15.

  Then, the rotational force of the crushing table 15 is transmitted to each crushing roller 16 via the solid matter, and the crushing roller 16 rotates as the crushing table 15 rotates. At this time, each crushing roller 16 tries to rise by the solid material, but since the reaction force load is applied by the reaction force load applying device 20, the ascending operation is suppressed and a pressing load is applied to the solid material. Therefore, each crushing roller 16 presses and crushes the solid matter on the crushing table 15.

  At this time, if the solid matter enters between each of the grinding rollers 16 and the grinding table 15, the grinding roller 16 rises, so that the reaction force load of the grinding roller 16 increases, and the solid matter is crushed by applying a pressing load. . When the pulverizing roller 16 pulverizes the solid matter, the pulverizing roller 16 descends, so that the reaction load of the pulverizing roller 16 is reduced, the pulverizing roller 16 returns to the initial position by its own weight, and the support arm 18 is applied to the reaction force load applying device. The urging force of 20 returns to the initial position. By repeating this, the crushing roller 16 continuously crushes the solid matter.

  At this time, in the reaction force load applying device 20, the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 are arranged in series with a predetermined gap S in the casing 31, and the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 are The first spring 45 and the second spring 55 are urged and supported. In this case, the urging force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 55 becomes the reaction force load of the crushing roller 16, and the reaction force load of the crushing roller 16 changes with nonlinear characteristics.

  That is, when the grinding roller 16 is raised, the support arm 18 is rotated, and the first pressing shaft 41 in the reaction force load applying device 20 is pressed. When the first pressing shaft 41 is pressed and moves by a predetermined gap S, the first pressing shaft 41 abuts on the second pressing shaft 51, and the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 move integrally. In this case, when only the first pressing shaft 41 moves, only the first spring 45 is compressed, so the reaction force load of the crushing roller 16 increases with the first linear characteristic. And when the 1st press shaft 41 and the 2nd press shaft 51 move integrally from this state, since both the 1st spring 45 and the 2nd spring 55 are compressed, the reaction force load of the crushing roller 16 is It increases with a second linear characteristic different from the first linear characteristic.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the roller lift amount of the crushing roller 16 increases, only the first spring 45 is compressed, so that the crushing load (reaction load) of the crushing roller 16 has the first linear characteristic A. To increase. Next, when the first pressing shaft 41 moves by a predetermined gap S and comes into contact with the second pressing shaft 51, that is, when the roller lift amount L reaches the crushing load (reaction load) G, then the first spring 45 and By compressing both of the second springs 55, the crushing load (reaction force load) of the crushing roller 16 increases with the second linear characteristic B. As described above, the reaction force load applying device 20 according to the first embodiment has a nonlinear characteristic that is a combination of the first linear characteristic A and the second linear characteristic B. Compared with the characteristic a), an appropriate crushing load (reaction force load) can be ensured, and it can be brought closer to the reaction force load applying apparatus (characteristic b) constituted by a conventional damper device, thereby reducing the cost. It becomes possible.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the supply amount of the solid matter to the grinding roller 16 increases, the roller lift amount first increases with the first linear characteristic C. Next, when the first pressing shaft 41 moves by a predetermined gap S and comes into contact with the second pressing shaft 51, that is, when the roller lift amount L becomes equal to the solid material supply amount Q, the reaction load increases. The lift amount L increases with the second linear characteristic D. As described above, the reaction force load applying device 20 according to the first embodiment has a nonlinear characteristic obtained by combining the first linear characteristic C and the second linear characteristic D. Therefore, the reaction force load applying apparatus (conventional reaction force load applying apparatus ( Compared with the characteristic c), an appropriate roller lift amount can be ensured, and it can be brought close to a reaction force load applying apparatus (characteristic d) constituted by a conventional damper device, so that the cost can be reduced.

  By the way, the reaction force load applying device 20 can adjust the predetermined gap S between the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 by the gap adjusting mechanism 61 in accordance with the type (hardness, size, etc.) of the solid material. Yes. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the hardness of the solid material increases, the gap adjustment mechanism 61 adjusts the predetermined gap S between the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 to be small. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the roller lift amount of the crushing roller 16 increases and the roller lift amount is smaller than the roller lift amount L, the first pressing shaft 41 is in the second state. Abutting on the pressing shaft 51, the pulverization load (reaction force load) of the pulverization roller 16 increases with the second linear characteristic B1.

  Further, at this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the supply amount of the solid matter to the grinding roller 16 is increased, and the supply amount of the solid matter is less than the supply amount Q of the solid matter Q1 (roller lift amount L1). At this time, the first pressing shaft 41 comes into contact with the second pressing shaft 51, and the roller lift amount increases with the second linear characteristic D1.

  When the hardness of the solid material is lowered, the predetermined clearance S between the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 is largely adjusted by the clearance adjustment mechanism 61.

  Thereafter, the solid material pulverized by the pulverization roller 16 becomes a pulverized material, and rises while being dried by the primary air sent into the housing 11 from the inlet port 22. The raised pulverized material is classified by the rotary separator 23, and the coarse powder falls and returns to the pulverizing table 15 again to be pulverized again. On the other hand, the fine-grained powder passes through the rotary separator 23 and rides on the air current and is discharged from the outlet port 24. Further, spillage such as gravel and metal pieces mixed in the solid matter is dropped outward from the outer peripheral portion by the centrifugal force of the crushing table 15 and is discharged by the foreign matter discharge pipe 25.

  As described above, in the vertical mill of the first embodiment, the crushing table 15 is supported in the housing 11 so that the crushing table 15 can be driven to rotate, and the crushing roller 16 can be rotated by the first support shaft 17 above the crushing table 15. The support arm 18 that supports the first support shaft 17 is supported by the second support shaft 19 so that the crushing roller 16 can move toward and away from the crushing table 15, and the crushing roller 16 crushes. A reaction force load applying device 20 that applies a reaction force load that opposes the direction away from the table 15 to the support arm 18 is provided, and the reaction force load applying device 20 is arranged in series with a predetermined gap S therebetween. A first spring 45 and a second spring 55 that urge the first and second pressing shafts 41 and 51 and the first and second pressing shafts 41 and 51 are provided.

  Accordingly, when solid matter enters between the grinding roller 16 and the grinding table 15, the rotational force of the grinding table 15 is transmitted to the grinding roller 16 via the solid matter, and at this time, the grinding roller 16 is solid. The reaction force load is applied to the pulverizing roller 16 by the reaction force applying device 20, so that the pulverizing roller 16 can apply a pressing load to the solid material and pulverize. . At this time, as the reaction load applied to the crushing roller 16, first, the urging force of the first spring 45 acts, and then, the urging force combining the first spring 45 and the second spring 55 acts. Therefore, the reaction force load applied to the crushing roller 16 changes its rate of change in the middle, and the amount of change in the reaction force load has non-linear characteristics, while suppressing an increase in product cost, The performance can be improved.

  That is, when the solid matter has a small diameter and low hardness, the lift amount of the crushing roller 16 is small, so that the crushing load (reaction load) of the crushing roller 16 increases with a weak force as the lift amount increases. desirable. On the other hand, when the solid matter has a large diameter and high hardness, the amount of lift of the grinding roller 16 is large, so the grinding load (reaction force load) of the grinding roller 16 increases quickly with a strong force as the lift amount increases. It is desirable to do. In this embodiment, the rate of change of the pulverization load (reaction force load) of the pulverization roller 16 changes as the lift amount of the pulverization roller 16 increases. Therefore, the change amount of the reaction force load has non-linear characteristics. The reaction force load applying device 20 can apply the optimum reaction force load to the crushing roller 16.

  In the vertical mill of the first embodiment, the first pressing shaft 41 can be pressed against the support arm 18, and the urging force of the first spring 45 is set smaller than the urging force of the second spring 55. Therefore, when the lift amount of the crushing roller 16 is small, a small reaction force load is applied to the crushing roller 16, and when the lift amount of the crushing roller 16 is large, a large reaction force load is applied to the crushing roller 16. Thus, an appropriate reaction force load can be applied according to the size of the solid matter to be pulverized.

  In the vertical mill of the first embodiment, a gap adjusting mechanism 61 capable of adjusting a predetermined gap S between the first pressing shaft 41 and the second pressing shaft 51 is provided. Therefore, the timing at which the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the crushing roller 16 changes from the urging force of the first spring 45 to the urging force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 55 can be adjusted, and the solid to be crushed An appropriate reaction force load can be applied according to the size of the object.

  In the vertical mill of the first embodiment, the gap adjusting mechanism 61 is capable of moving the second pressing shaft 51 and the second spring 55 in the axial direction. Therefore, without changing the biasing force of the second spring 55, the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the crushing roller 16 is the biasing force obtained by combining the first spring 45 and the second spring 55 from the biasing force of the first spring 45. Only the timing of changing to can be adjusted.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a reaction force applying device in a vertical mill according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 shows a roller when the pressing force of the second spring in the vertical mill according to the second embodiment is changed. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the roller lift amount with respect to the supply amount when the pressing force of the second spring in the vertical mill of Example 2 is changed.

  In the second embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 8, a reaction force load applying device 70 that applies a reaction force load to the grinding roller via the support arm 18 is provided. In this reaction force load applying device 70, the casing 71 has a cylindrical shape, and a first pressing shaft 81 and a second pressing shaft 91 are arranged in series with a predetermined gap S inside. In this case, the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91 are disposed on a concentric shaft.

  The casing 71 has a first flange portion 72 on the proximal end side and a second flange portion 73 on the distal end portion side, and a support portion 74 having a cylindrical shape is provided at the intermediate portion. The first pressing shaft 81 includes a pressing portion 82, a piston portion 83, and a rod portion 84 that are integrally provided. In the first pressing shaft 81, the pressing portion 82 passes through the first flange portion 72 of the casing 71 and protrudes outward, and the rod portion 84 is supported through the support portion 74. For this reason, the first pressing shaft 81 is supported by the casing 71 so that the pressing portion 82 and the rod portion 84 are movable, so that the piston portion 83 can move in the casing 71 along the axial direction.

  The first pressing shaft 81 includes a first spring 85 interposed between the piston portion 83 and the support portion 74 of the casing 71. The first spring 85 is a compression coil spring, and is biased and supported in a direction in which the piston portion 83 approaches the first flange portion 72 by biasing the first pressing shaft 81 in the axial direction. In this case, the first pressing shaft 81 is urged and supported at a position where the pressing portion 82 protrudes outward from the casing 71 and contacts the upper end portion 18 a of the support arm 18.

  The second pressing shaft 91 is configured by integrally forming a pressing portion 92 and a piston portion 93, and has a cylindrical shape with one end closed and the other end opened. The second pressing shaft 91 is positioned so that the pressing portion 92 faces the rod portion 84 of the first pressing shaft 81, and is movably fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 71 via the bush 76. Is movable in the casing 31 along the axial direction.

  Further, the guide shaft 94 is arranged on the concentric shaft in series with the second pressing shaft 91, one end portion is fitted to the second pressing shaft 91, and the other end portion is supported by the second flange portion 73 of the casing 71 and the support. It penetrates the plate 95 and protrudes outward, and is fastened by a nut 96. Further, in the guide shaft 94, a cylindrical support portion 97 is screwed into the threaded portion 94a on the second flange portion 73 side, and a second spring 98 is interposed between the piston portion 93 and the support portion 97. ing. The second spring 98 is a compression coil spring and biases the second pressing shaft 91 in the axial direction so that the piston portion 93 approaches and comes into contact with the stopper portion 75 formed in the casing 71. Energized and supported.

  In this case, the biasing force of the first spring 85 that biases the first pressing shaft 81 is different from the biasing force of the second spring 98 that biases the second pressing shaft 91. Specifically, the biasing force of the first spring 85 is set smaller than the biasing force of the second spring 98.

  In addition, the reaction load applying device 70 is provided with an urging force adjusting mechanism 101 that can adjust the urging force of the second spring 98. The urging force adjusting mechanism 101 includes the guide shaft 94, the nut 96, and the support portion 97 described above. Therefore, when the nut 96 is loosened and the guide shaft 94 is rotated, the support portion 97 screwed with the screw portion 94a moves in the axial direction, whereby the second spring 98 can be compressed or expanded. The support 97 can move in the axial direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 71, but it is desirable to provide a guide such as a key between them so that the support 97 cannot rotate in the circumferential direction.

  Accordingly, in the reaction force load applying device 70, the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91 are arranged in series with a predetermined gap S in the casing 71, and the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91 are The first spring 85 and the second spring 98 are urged and supported. In this case, the urging force of the first spring 85 and the second spring 98 becomes the reaction force load of the crushing roller, and the reaction force load of the crushing roller changes with non-linear characteristics.

  That is, when the grinding roller is raised, the support arm 18 is rotated and the first pressing shaft 81 in the reaction force load applying device 70 is pressed. When the first pressing shaft 81 is pressed and moved by a predetermined gap S, the first pressing shaft 81 contacts the second pressing shaft 91, and the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91 move integrally. In this case, when only the first pressing shaft 81 moves, only the first spring 85 is compressed, so that the reaction force load of the grinding roller increases with the first linear characteristic. Then, when the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91 move integrally from this state, both the first spring 85 and the second spring 98 are compressed. It increases with a second linear characteristic different from the first linear characteristic.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the roller lift amount of the crushing roller increases, only the first spring 85 is compressed, so that the crushing load (reaction load) of the crushing roller increases with the first linear characteristic A. . Next, when the first pressing shaft 81 moves by a predetermined gap S and comes into contact with the second pressing shaft 91, that is, when the roller lift amount L reaches the crushing load (reaction load) G, then the first spring 85 and By compressing both of the second springs 98, the grinding load (reaction force load) of the grinding roller increases with the second linear characteristic B. As described above, the reaction force load applying device 70 according to the second embodiment has a non-linear characteristic obtained by combining the first linear characteristic A and the second linear characteristic B. Therefore, the reaction force load applying apparatus 70 configured by one conventional spring is used. Compared to a reaction force load applying device configured by a conventional damper device, an appropriate crushing load (reaction force load) can be ensured, but cost can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, when the supply amount of the solid matter to the grinding roller increases, first, the roller lift amount increases with the first linear characteristic C. Next, when the first pressing shaft 81 moves by a predetermined gap S and comes into contact with the second pressing shaft 91, that is, when the roller lift amount L becomes equal to the solid material supply amount Q, the reaction load increases. The lift amount L increases with the second linear characteristic D. As described above, the reaction force load applying device 70 according to the second embodiment has a non-linear characteristic obtained by combining the first linear characteristic C and the second linear characteristic D. Therefore, the reaction force load applying apparatus 70 configured by one conventional spring is used. Compared with a reaction force load applying device configured by a conventional damper device, an appropriate roller lift amount can be ensured, but cost can be reduced.

  By the way, the reaction force load applying device 70 can adjust the urging force of the second spring 98 by the urging force adjusting mechanism 101 according to the type (hardness, size, etc.) of the solid matter. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, when the hardness of the solid material is increased, the biasing force of the second spring 98 is largely adjusted by the biasing force adjusting mechanism 101. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, when the roller lift amount of the crushing roller is increased and the roller lift amount is the roller lift amount L (crushing load G), the first pressing shaft 81 contacts the second pressing shaft 91, From here, the crushing load (reaction force load) of the crushing roller increases with the second linear characteristic B2 having a larger rate of change than the second linear characteristic B.

  Further, at this time, as shown in FIG. 10, when the solid supply amount to the crushing roller is increased and the solid supply amount is the solid supply amount Q (roller lift amount L), the first pressing shaft 81 abuts on the second pressing shaft 91, and from here the roller lift amount increases with a second linear characteristic D2 having a smaller rate of change than the second linear characteristic D.

  When the hardness of the solid material is lowered, the biasing force of the second spring 98 is adjusted to be small by the biasing force adjusting mechanism 101.

  As described above, in the vertical mill according to the second embodiment, the reaction force load applying device 70 that applies the reaction force load against the support arm 18 in the direction in which the pulverization roller is separated from the pulverization table is provided. As the force load applying device 70, a first pressing shaft 81 and a second pressing shaft 91 arranged in series with a predetermined gap S therebetween, and a first spring 85 that biases the first pressing shaft 81 and the second pressing shaft 91. And a second spring 98 is provided.

  Therefore, as the reaction force load applied to the pulverizing roller, first, the urging force of the first spring 85 acts, and then, the urging force that combines the first spring 85 and the second spring 98 acts. Therefore, the reaction force load applied to the crushing roller changes its rate of change in the middle, and the amount of change in the reaction force load has non-linear characteristics. Can be improved.

  In the vertical mill of the first embodiment, an urging force adjusting mechanism 101 that can adjust the urging force of the second spring 98 is provided. Accordingly, when the magnitude of the reaction load applied to the pulverizing roller is the urging force that combines the first spring 85 and the second spring 98, the rate of change can be adjusted, and the size of the solid matter to be crushed can be adjusted. Accordingly, an appropriate reaction force load can be applied.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft are disposed with a predetermined gap in the casing, and the first spring and the second pressing shaft that bias the first pressing shaft are biased. Although the second spring is provided, three or more pressing shafts and springs may be provided.

  Further, the vertical mill is configured by the housing, the pulverizing table, the pulverizing roller, the support arm, and the reaction force load applying device. However, the vertical mill is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Housing 13 Solid substance supply pipe 15 Crushing table 16 Crushing roller 17 1st support shaft 18 Support arm 19 2nd support shaft 20, 70 Reaction force load provision apparatus 31,71 Casing 41,81 1st press shaft 45,85 1st Spring 51, 91 Second pressing shaft 55, 98 Second spring 61 Clearance adjustment mechanism 101 Biasing force adjustment mechanism

Claims (5)

A hollow housing;
A crushing table supported in a rotatable manner by a support axis along the vertical direction in the housing;
A crushing roller disposed above the crushing table and rotatably supported by a first support shaft and having an outer peripheral surface that contacts the upper surface of the crushing table and can be rotated together;
A support arm that supports the first support shaft and is supported by the housing by a second support shaft so that the outer peripheral surface of the crushing roller can be moved toward and away from the upper surface of the crushing table.
A reaction force load applying device that applies a reaction force load against the support arm in a direction in which the crushing roller is separated from the crushing table;
Have
The reaction force load applying device is:
A first pressing shaft and a second pressing shaft arranged in series with a predetermined gap therebetween;
A first spring that biases the first pressing shaft;
A second spring that biases the second pressing shaft;
Having
A vertical mill characterized by that.   2. The vertical mill according to claim 1, wherein the first pressing shaft can be pressed against the support arm, and an urging force of the first spring is set smaller than an urging force of the second spring. .   The saddle type mill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a gap adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting a predetermined gap between the first pressing shaft and the second pressing shaft is provided.   The saddle type mill according to claim 3, wherein the gap adjusting mechanism is capable of moving the second pressing shaft and the second spring in the axial direction.   The vertical mill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an urging force adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting an urging force of the second spring.

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