JP2014131431A - Power source device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power source device which quickly and reversibly interrupts a circuit when a large current flows through the circuit and inhibits an inrush current occurring when the usage of an electric power tool starts.SOLUTION: A power source device includes: a battery pack formed by connecting multiple secondary battery cells; a connection part which is connected with battery connecting means of an electric power tool; first interruption means which is provided at the positive side of the battery pack and interrupts output of electric power from the battery pack; and second interruption means which is provided at the negative side of the battery pack and interrupts the output of the electric power of the battery pack. The power source device is used in the electric power tool.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device.

  Conventionally, in an electric tool powered by a motor or the like, not only a tool used by connecting an AC commercial power source, a DC constant voltage power source, or the like, but also an electric tool capable of mounting a secondary battery is widely used. . In power tools using secondary batteries, so-called cordless power tools, the demand for larger battery capacities is increasing due to the expansion of the types and applications of power tools. Only battery packs that are directly attached to the tool body In addition, a battery holster that houses a secondary battery and can be worn on the waist is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-3983

  However, the battery holster that can be worn on the operator's waist has a limit on the number of secondary batteries that can be worn, and the portable power source for power tools and the like has a larger capacity than the battery holster, such as the backpack type. There is a demand for commercial power supplies.

  In order to realize a large-capacity portable power source, a large number of secondary batteries (for example, lithium ion secondary batteries) are arranged and accommodated inside the case. In this case, the energy (output current) that can be output from the portable power supply increases.

  Therefore, for example, when the internal resistance of the power tool or the power supply is low, or when the output terminals of the power supply are short-circuited, a larger current may be output than in the past. Although it has been conventionally performed to provide a non-reciprocal interrupting element such as a fuse that prevents output at the time of a short circuit, the conventional interrupting circuit takes time and effort to recover after interrupting, and as described above, In a portable power source with a capacity, since a current flowing until a fuse or the like is blown tends to increase, it is necessary to take new measures.

  In addition, many power tools to which the power supply is connected include a capacitor having a relatively large capacity, and when the power tool is connected or at the moment when driving is started, an inrush current corresponding to the capacity of the capacitor May flow from the power source to the power tool. Depending on the magnitude of the inrush current, a circuit that protects against overdischarge in the power supply may be activated to limit the output. Therefore, even when there is a sufficient remaining amount in the power source, there arises a problem that the electric tool cannot be used depending on the case. In particular, a large-capacity power supply has a greater ability to supply power than a small-capacity power supply, so it is sufficient for inrush current that would not cause a problem when a conventional small-capacity power supply was connected. Need to be dealt with.

  In view of such a situation, the present invention intends to provide a power supply device that quickly and reversibly cuts off a circuit when a large current flows and suppresses an inrush current at the start of use. It is.

  A battery set formed by connecting a plurality of secondary battery cells, a connection part connected to battery connection means of the electric tool, and provided on the plus side of the battery set, and cuts off output of power from the battery set Provided is a power supply device used for an electric tool, comprising: a first shut-off means; and a second shut-off means provided on the negative side of the battery set and shuts off the power output of the battery set. .

  According to the above configuration, when an abnormality occurs in the electric tool or the power supply device, the output of the battery set can be reliably shut off using the first shut-off means and the second shut-off means.

  The battery set has a predetermined first voltage value, a value lower than the first voltage value, and a predetermined second voltage value for the battery set, and a predetermined value. At least one of a voltage higher than the first voltage value, a voltage of a battery set lower than the second voltage value, and a current larger than the current value. And a control unit connected to the detection unit and connected to the first blocking unit and a second blocking unit. The control unit is configured such that the detection unit is connected to the first blocking unit. When at least one of a voltage higher than a voltage value, a voltage lower than the second voltage value, and a current larger than the current value is detected, the first cutoff means and the second cutoff means Using at least one to shut off the output of the battery set Masui. According to such a configuration, the control means can reliably shut off the output of power by at least one of the first means and the second shut-off means according to the detection result of the detection means.

  A first reference voltage unit for defining a reference voltage of the control unit; and a second reference voltage unit for defining a reference voltage of the second cutoff means; the first reference voltage unit and the second reference voltage unit; It is preferable that the value is different from the reference voltage portion. According to such a configuration, it is possible to reliably define the control unit at the reference voltage regardless of the state of the second blocking means.

  The apparatus further includes a control signal output unit that outputs a control signal that causes the second blocking unit to block the output of the battery set, and the control signal output unit includes the control unit and the second blocking unit. It is preferable to output the control signal to the second blocking means based on a signal from the control unit while maintaining an electrically non-contact state. The control signal output unit preferably includes a photocoupler. According to such a configuration, it is possible to avoid a direct electrical connection between the control unit and the output line of the battery set, so that the voltage of the control unit can be stabilized.

  The first shut-off means includes a shut-off unit that shuts off the output path of the battery set by switching, and a drive unit that drives the shut-off unit by switching. It is preferably higher than the speed. According to such a configuration, on / off of the first blocking means can be switched at high speed.

  On the positive side of the battery set, a first path for outputting a first current and a second current for outputting a second current smaller than the first current between the battery set and the connection portion. It is preferable to have selection means for selecting the first route, the first route, and the second route. According to such a configuration, a current can be output by appropriately selecting the first path and the second path.

  The second path preferably includes an element that limits a current value. The element that limits the current value is preferably a resistance element. According to such a configuration, a current with a limited current value can be output from the second path.

  According to the power supply device of the present invention, the first shut-off means for shutting off the output of power from the battery set and the second shut-off provided on the minus side of the battery set for shutting off the power output of the battery set. Therefore, when an abnormality occurs in the power tool or the power supply device, the output of the battery set can be reliably shut off using the first shut-off means and the second shut-off means.

The circuit diagram of the battery pack of this Embodiment. The flowchart which shows a process when the battery pack of this Embodiment outputs electric power to an electric tool. The flowchart which shows a process when the battery pack of this Embodiment is charged by a charger.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the battery pack 100 includes a microcomputer 103, a battery protection IC 104, a battery set 102, an output plus terminal 120, and an output minus terminal 121. The battery pack 100 can be connected to the cordless power tool 200 or the charger 300. When the battery pack 100 is connected to the power tool 200, the power of the battery set 102 is output to the power tool 200 via the terminals 120 and 121. Further, when the charger 300 is connected to the battery pack 100, the battery set 102 is charged.

  The battery set 102 has a configuration in which a plurality of secondary batteries 102B having a high output voltage by being connected in series are connected in parallel. In this embodiment, as an example, secondary battery 102 is a lithium ion battery. The battery pack 100 in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a secondary battery, and is not limited to the back-type power supply device exemplified as an example of the large-capacity power supply. For example, the above-mentioned problem can be solved even in a small battery pack that is mounted integrally with the power tool 100, a battery holster that is mounted on the operator's waist, and a back-type power source that is mounted on the operator's back. It is applicable to any structure.

  The microcomputer 103 has ports P1 to P10. The ground battery of the microcomputer 103 is G1.

  The output path on the high side (positive electrode output side) of the secondary battery 102 branches into a first path 131 that is a main output line and a second path 132 that is a bypass line, and the first path 131 and the second path 132. Is connected to the common third path 133 at the connection point 134. The third path 133 is connected to the plus output terminal 120.

  The path of the battery pack 100 includes a cutoff circuit 105 on the first path, a cutoff circuit 106 on the second path, and a cutoff circuit 107 on the third path.

  The first path cutoff circuit 105 includes, for example, a p-channel FET 1 and an n-channel FET 3, the drain of the FET 3 is connected to the gate of the FET 1 via a resistor, and the gate of the FET 3 is connected to the microcomputer 103 via the resistor. Port P2. When the signal from the port P2 is switched to high or low, the FET3 and FET1 are switched on and off, and the conduction and blocking of the first path 131 are switched.

  The second path cutoff circuit 106 includes a p-channel type FET 5, an n-channel type FET 6, and a resistor 115. The FET 5 and the resistor 115 are provided in the second path 132, the drain of the FET 6 is connected to the gate of the FET 5 through a resistor, and the gate of the FET 6 is connected to the port P4 of the microcomputer 103 through the resistor. When the signal from the port P4 is switched to high or low, the FET 6 and FET 5 are switched on and off, and the conduction and blocking of the first path 132 are switched. Here, the current flowing through the second cutoff path 106 is output to the third path by limiting the output current of the battery set 102 by the resistor 115.

  The third path cutoff circuit 107 includes a p-channel FET 2 and an n-channel FET 4. The FET 2 is provided in the third path 133. The drain of the FET 4 is connected to the gate of the FET 2 via a resistor, and the gate of the FET 4 is connected to the port P1 of the microcomputer 103 via a resistor. The signal from port P1 switches to high or low. Thereby, ON / OFF of FET4 and FET2 is switched, and conduction | electrical_connection and interruption | blocking of the 3rd path | route 133 are switched.

  It is assumed that a large current flows as a peak current (instantaneous current) in the FETs 1 and 2 disposed in the output paths 131, 132, and 133, respectively, and those having a large allowable peak current are used. In the present embodiment, as an example, the allowable peak current of the FETs 1 and 2 is about 400 amperes (A) with a duration of 10 milliseconds (msec). On the other hand, the FETs 3, 4, and 6 are driving units that drive the FETs 1, 2, and 5, respectively, and use elements that are faster than the corresponding FETs 1, 2, and 5 that switch on and off.

  When FET1 and FET2 are on and FET5 is off, the output voltage and current of the battery set 102 are output from the terminal 120 as they are via the first path 131 and the third path 133. On the other hand, when the FET 5 and the FET 2 are turned on and the FET 1 is turned off, the electric power of the battery set 102 is output from the terminal 120 via the second path 132 and the third path 133. At this time, the current from the battery set 102 is limited by the resistor 115.

  An output voltage detection circuit 70 is provided between the plus terminal 120 and the microcomputer 103. The output voltage detection circuit 70 detects the voltage of the third path 133 and outputs the detected voltage to the microcomputer 103.

  A low-side output path 136 is provided between the low side of the battery set 102 (the negative side of the battery set 102) and the terminal 121. In the low-side output path 136, low-side cutoff circuits 109A and 109B including n-channel FETs 7 and 14 are provided via a shunt resistor 122. The low side cutoff circuit 109A cuts off the current during charging, and the loader side cutoff circuit 109B cuts off the current during discharging. Assuming that a large current flows through FET7 and FET14, those having a large allowable peak current are used as in the case of FET1 and FET2. Here, it is preferable that the FETs 7 and 14 are elements different from those of the FETs 1 and 2 in characteristics with respect to the allowable peak current and the like. The voltage applied to the third path on the plus terminal 120 side is divided by the resistors 141 and 142, and the voltage B with respect to the reference (ground) potential B2 is supplied to the gates of the FETs 7 and 14 via the resistors. The ground (reference) potential G2 at which the low-side cutoff circuit 109A is grounded is different from the reference potential G1. The reference potential G1 is the same as the reference potential G3 below the shunt resistor. Thus, by separating the reference potentials of the microcomputer 103 and the low-side cutoff circuit 109A, the source potentials of the FETs 7 and 14 and the reference potential of the microcomputer 103 are stably stabilized regardless of whether the FETs 7 and 14 are on or off. It becomes possible to do.

  The photocoupler 110A optically connects the port P9A and the low-side cutoff circuit 109A. The high and low signals from the microcomputer 103 switch the FET 7 on and off via the photocoupler 110 </ b> A, and switch the supply and cut-off of power from the battery set 102. By using the photocoupler 110 </ b> A, it is possible to switch between supply and interruption of power of the battery set 102 while electrically separating the microcomputer 103 and the FET 7. Similarly, the photocoupler 110B optically connects the port P9B and the low-side cutoff circuit 109B. The high and low signals from the microcomputer 103 are used to switch the FET 14 on and off via the photocoupler 110 </ b> B, and to switch the supply and cut-off of power to the battery set 102. By using the photocoupler 110B, it is possible to switch between supply and interruption of power of the battery set 102 while electrically separating the microcomputer 103 and the FET 14. The photocouplers 110A and 110B are provided for signal transmission between the microcomputer 103 and the FETs 7 and 14 having different reference potentials G1 and G2, and any alternative means such as an electromagnetic relay or a transformer can be adopted. Is possible.

  A short current detection circuit 119 is provided on the low side of the battery set 102. The short current detection circuit 119 detects a short circuit between the terminals 120 and 121 by detecting whether the output current is a predetermined value or more. In the present embodiment, the detected short signal is input to the port P8 of the microcomputer 103, and the microcomputer 103 blocks the FETs 1 and 14 based on the signal. A configuration may be adopted in which a short signal is input to the microcomputer 103, or instead of the input, a latch circuit that holds the signal is provided, and a drive circuit that shuts off the FETs 1 and 14 is provided by the latch circuit.

  The positive voltage Vdd of the battery set 102 is supplied to the microcomputer 103 via the switch circuit 140 and the step-down circuit 117. The switch circuit 140 includes a switch 141, an FET 10, and an FET 11. The FET 11 is connected to the port P3 and the FET 10. The switch 141 is a switch that can be switched by the user. When the switch 141 is turned on, the voltage Vdd is applied to the FET 11 via the resistor, and the FET 11 and FET 10 are turned on, whereby the voltage Vdd is applied to the step-down circuit 117. The step-down circuit 117 applies a voltage obtained by stepping down the voltage Vdd to the microcomputer 103. In this embodiment, as an example, the voltage Vdd is 5V. As a result, the microcomputer 103 is activated.

  A thermal protector 230 is provided between the source and drain of the FET 10. The thermal protector 230 is switched on and off depending on its own temperature. In this embodiment, the temperature is turned on when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (100 ° C. as an example), and is turned off when the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature. In the present embodiment, the thermal protector 230 is provided in the vicinity of the battery set 102 and monitors the temperature of the battery set 102. Since the FET 10 is not driven and the charger is not connected, the microcomputer 103 If the temperature of the battery set 102 rises even if the battery is in a resting state, the thermal protector 230 is turned on, and power is supplied to the microcomputer 103 and the connection circuit of the voltage A. The thermal protector 230 may be provided with a notification device such as a speaker, or may be configured to notify the user that the temperature is rising by the notification device when the thermal protector 230 is turned on.

  A charging path 135 is provided between the plus terminal 120 and the step-down circuit 117. When the charger 300 is connected to the battery pack 100, the voltage from the charger 300 is applied to the step-down circuit 117 via the charging path 135. The voltage from the charger 300 is stepped down by the step-down circuit 117 and applied to the microcomputer 103. As a result, the microcomputer 103 is activated. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the voltage input to the step-down circuit 117 is A.

  The battery protection IC 104 is not less than a predetermined upper limit voltage value in normal use of each secondary battery cell (hereinafter referred to as “overcharge voltage” for convenience) and not more than a predetermined lower limit voltage value in normal use (hereinafter, For convenience, this is called “overdischarge voltage”). The protection circuit IC104 includes ports P11 to P13. The battery protection IC 104 can be switched between a normal mode and a standby mode, and monitors overcharge (overvoltage) and overdischarge of each secondary battery cell in the normal mode. In the standby mode, the battery protection IC 104 does not monitor overcharge (overvoltage) and overdischarge of each secondary battery cell. In the standby mode, the battery protection IC 104 does not consume power at all, or is much smaller than the power consumption in the normal mode and even when a secondary battery cell having an overdischarge voltage or less is connected to the secondary battery. The power consumption is such that there is no influence, that is, power consumption is negligible. In this embodiment, the battery protection IC 104 is in a normal mode when a high signal is input to the port P13, and is in a standby mode when a low signal is input.

  The overcharge signal transmission circuit 111 is composed of an FET 12 and is provided between the port P11 and the port P6. When the battery protection IC 104 determines that one of the secondary batteries 102 is equal to or higher than the predetermined upper limit voltage value, a high signal is sent from the port P11 to the overcharge signal sending circuit 111, and the FET 12 is turned on in the overdischarge sending circuit 111. As a result, a low signal as an overcharge signal is sent to the port P6.

  An overcharge signal cutoff circuit 210 is provided between the gate of the FET 12 and the port P11. The overcharge signal cutoff circuit 210 includes an FET 18, an FET 16, and a resistor 16R and a capacitor 16C that constitute the RC circuit 16 provided between the gate and source of the FET 16. A voltage A is applied to the FET 16. Therefore, when the voltage A becomes zero, the FET 16 and the FET 14 are turned off, and the path between the port P11 and the ground is cut off, so that the circuit does not consume power.

  The overdischarge signal transmission circuit 112 is composed of an FET 13 and is provided between the port P12 and the port P7. When the battery protection IC 104 determines that one of the secondary batteries 102 is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit voltage value, a high signal is sent from the port P12 to the overcharge sending circuit 112, and the FET 13 is turned on in the overdischarge sending circuit 112. As a result, a low signal as an overdischarge signal is sent to the port P7.

  An overdischarge signal cutoff circuit 220 is provided between the gate of the FET 13 and the port P12. The overdischarge signal cutoff circuit 220 includes an FET 15, an FET 17, and a resistor 17R and a capacitor 17C that constitute an RC circuit 17 provided between the gate and the source of the FET 17. A voltage A is applied to the FET 15. Therefore, when the voltage A decreases, the FET 15 and the FET 15 are turned off, and the path between the port P12 and the ground is interrupted, so that the circuit does not consume power.

  The switching circuit 150 switches the battery protection IC 104 between the normal mode and the standby mode. The switching circuit 150 includes FET8 and FET9. When the switch SW is pressed, the battery temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature for some reason, the thermal protector 230 is turned on, or the charging voltage from the charger is applied to the step-down circuit 117 via the charging path 135. Sometimes, voltage A is applied to FET 9 via a resistor, resulting in FET 8 turning on. As a result, a high signal is sent from the switching circuit 150 to the battery protection IC 104, the battery protection IC 104 enters the normal mode, and overcharge and overcharge of the secondary battery 102 are monitored. On the other hand, when a low signal is sent to the port P13 of the switching circuit 150, the battery protection IC 104 enters the standby mode. In the standby mode, the battery protection IC 104 does not monitor overdischarge and overcharge of the secondary battery 102 and does not consume power or enters an ultra-low power consumption state as described above. However, the port P11 and the port P12 are maintained in a high signal state as an example as a state of warning of overcharge and overdischarge. As another example, the normal state may be a high signal state, and the non-normal state such as overcharge or overdischarge may be a low signal or no signal state.

  When the switch 141 is turned off, when power is consumed by the electric tool 200 or the like and the battery voltage is reduced, or when the connection with the charger 300 is released during charging and the battery voltage is not sufficiently high, the voltage Since A becomes low and the gate of FET 9 becomes low, FET 9 is turned off. At this time, the battery protection IC 104 is in a standby mode. In addition, as the voltage A decreases, the cutoff circuits 210 and 220 cut off the connection between the port P11 and the ground and the connection between the P port 12 and the ground, respectively. As a result, P11 and P12 are in a state in which the current from the ports P11 and P12 is cut off while maintaining a state (high state) indicating overvoltage and overdischarge. There is no power consumption between the port P11 and the ground and between the port 12 and the ground. Thereby, the power consumption of the power supply device 100 can be reduced. Also, for example, when the thermal protector 230 detects a high temperature and is turned on, when the microcomputer 103 is activated at the time of abnormal start-up and the cutoff circuits 210 and 220 are energized by the voltage A, the battery is immediately overcharged from P11 and P12. Signal and overdischarge signal are output. Thereby, at the time of abnormality, the microcomputer 103 can receive an overcharge signal and an overdischarge signal, and can interrupt the output from the battery set 102 using the FETs 1, 2, 7, and 14.

  Note that immediately after the voltage A is applied to the FETs 16 and 17, the FETs 16 and 17 are not turned on for a predetermined time according to the time constant of the RC circuits 16 and 17. In other words, the time when the battery protection IC 104 starts after the voltage A becomes high is shorter than the time when the FETs 14 and 15 turn on after the voltage A becomes high. During this period (the time when the FETs 14 and 15 are turned on after the voltage A becomes high), the battery protection IC 104 is activated, and it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the battery set 102. If there is no abnormality in the battery set 102, the ports P11 and P12 are changed to a low state. This prevents the battery protection IC 104 from erroneously sending an overcharge signal and an overdischarge signal to the microcomputer 103 before confirming that the battery set 102 is normal. For this reason, although the battery set 102 is normal, the microcomputer 103 can be determined to be abnormal in the battery set and can be prevented from malfunctioning.

  Battery voltage detection circuit 160 detects the voltage of battery set 102 and outputs the detection result to port P 6 of microcomputer 103.

  When the battery pack 100 outputs power to the power tool 200, the output voltage detection circuit 70 detects a voltage greater than a predetermined voltage, or when the battery set 102 outputs power, an overdischarge signal is output from the battery protection IC. In this case, when the short current detection circuit detects a short circuit, the microcomputer 103 turns off the FET1, FET2, FET9, and FET14, in particular, the FET1 and 14, and interrupts the supply of power.

  In addition, when an overcharge signal is output from the battery protection IC 104 while the battery set 102 is being charged, the microcomputer 103 turns off the FET1, FET2, FET7, and FET14, particularly FET2 and FET7, and performs charging. Cut off.

  Next, the inrush current prevention process when the battery pack 100 is discharged will be described with reference to FIG. This process prevents inrush current from flowing through a large-capacity capacitor (for example, about 500 μF) mounted on the electric power tool 200 when the electric power tool 200 connected to the battery pack 100 starts discharging.

  In S1, the user turns on the switch 141, the FET 10 is turned on, and the microcomputer 103 is activated. The microcomputer 103 sends a high signal to both the port P4 and the port P1, and turns on the FET5 and FET2. At this time, the port P2 is in the low state, and the FET1 is turned off. As a result, the second path 132 and the third path 133 are conducted. Further, the voltage B is applied to the FET 7 through the resistor, the FET 7 is turned on, and the low side path 136 is conducted. Thereby, the electric power of the battery set 102 is output to the terminal 120 through the second path 132 and the third path 133. The current is limited by the resistor 115 of the second path, and the capacitor of the electric power tool 200 is charged with a small current.

  In S2, the microcomputer 103 compares the detection results of the output voltage detection circuit 70 and the battery voltage detection circuit 160, and determines whether the difference between the voltage (rated voltage) of the battery set 102 and the output voltage is 1 V or less, for example. To do. When S2 is affirmed (S2: YES), it can be considered that the capacitor of the electric power tool 2 is sufficiently charged. A low signal and a high signal are output respectively to turn off the FET 5 and turn on the FET 1. As a result, the second path 132 is blocked, and the first path 131 and the third path 133 are conducted. As a result, in S <b> 4, the power of the battery set 102 is supplied as it is from the terminal 120 via the first path 131 and the third path 133. Thereby, the electric tool 200 can perform a normal operation (such as rotation of a motor). Instead of the above-described method for determining the voltage, the FET 5 may be turned off and the FET 1 may be turned on after a predetermined time (for example, 100 milliseconds (msec)) has elapsed.

  On the other hand, if S2 is negatively determined, it is determined in S5 whether or not a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds) has elapsed from the timing of S1 (when the microcomputer 103 is activated). The predetermined time is an arbitrary value determined in advance based on a time sufficient for charging the capacitor of the electric power tool 200. If a negative determination is made in S5 (S5: NO), the process returns to S2. When S5 is affirmed (S5: YES), in S6, the microcomputer 103 determines that an abnormality has occurred and turns off the FETs 1, 5, 2, 7, and 14 to block the output path.

  Next, the charging start process will be described with reference to FIG. In the battery pack 100, when the user shuts off the switch circuit 140 and nothing is attached to the terminal 120, the FETs 1, 2, 7, and 14 are in an off state. In S <b> 21, the battery pack 100 is attached to the charger 300. As a result, the voltage of the charger 300 is input to the step-down circuit 117 via the terminal 120 and the charging path 135. The step-down circuit 117 steps down the input voltage and outputs it to the microcomputer 103. As a result, the microcomputer 103 is activated. As the voltage is applied from the charger 300, the voltage B obtained by dividing the voltage of the charger 300 is applied to the FET 7 in S22, and the FETs 7 and 14 are turned on. As a result, the low-side output path 136 becomes conductive. In S <b> 23, the microcomputer 103 determines that the charging voltage is input via the output voltage detection circuit 70. In S24, the microcomputer 103 outputs a high signal from the ports P2 and P4 to turn on the FETs 1 and 2 in order to perform charging. Thereby, a charging voltage is applied to the battery set 102 and charging is started. In S25, the microcomputer 103 determines whether or not charging is completed, and enters a standby state while charging is not completed (S25: NO). If the charging is completed (S26: YES), the FETs 1, 2, 7, and 14 are turned off to end the charging control.

  In the battery pack 100 of the present embodiment described above, the supply of power is cut off by the first, second, and third cut-off circuits 105, 106, and 107 on the high side of the battery set 102, and the low-side cut-off circuit on the low side of the battery set 102. The power supply is cut off by 109A and 109B. Thereby, when the output line is short-circuited, it is possible to reliably cut off the power. Particularly in a battery pack with a large output, the voltage applied to the FET is high and the current is also large. Therefore, sufficient countermeasures are required against the current near the peak current flowing through the FET. In this embodiment, since the cutoff circuit is provided independently on the high side and the low side of the battery set, even if a problem occurs in one of the cutoff circuits, the power supply can be shut off by the other cutoff circuit. The current can be reliably cut off.

  On the high side, the current is blocked by p-channel FETs 1, 2, 5 and on the low side, the current is blocked by n-channel FETs 7, 14. That is, the current is cut off using FETs having different characteristics between the high side and the low side. For this reason, compared with the case where FET is only one of the high side or the low side, the protection can be doubled. In addition to the above configuration, it is also preferable to further provide a fusing type cutoff element such as a fuse having a threshold value equal to or higher than the allowable peak current of the FET.

  In the present embodiment, at the time of discharging to the electric power tool 200, first, output is performed through the second path 132 and the third path 133, and then, the battery set 102 through the first path 131 and the third path 133. Outputs the same voltage from The resistor 115 that limits the inrush current provided in the second path 132 reduces the inrush current that flows through the electric tool 200 during connection or startup.

  In this embodiment, a configuration in which a cutoff circuit is provided on each of the high side and the low side is illustrated. However, for example, a plurality of cutoff circuits mainly including FETs having a plurality of characteristics are provided on the high side, and the low side is provided. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of cutoff circuits are provided on the low side and not provided on the high side. Further, as in the above embodiment, after providing a cutoff circuit on each of the high side and the low side, an FET having a plurality of characteristics is mainly used for either the high side or the low side, or both. A plurality of cut-off circuits may be provided.

102 battery set 103 microcomputer 104 protection circuit 105 first path cutoff circuit 106 second path cutoff circuit 107 third path cutoff circuits 109A and 109B low side cutoff circuit 210 overcharge signal cutoff circuit 220 overdischarge signal cutoff circuit

Claims (9)

A battery set formed by connecting a plurality of secondary battery cells;
A connecting portion connected to the battery connecting means of the electric tool;
A first shut-off means provided on the positive side of the battery set for shutting off the output of electric power from the battery set;
A power supply device used for an electric tool, comprising: a second cutoff unit that is provided on a minus side of the battery set and cuts off an output of electric power of the battery set. The battery set has a predetermined first voltage value, a value lower than the first voltage value, and a predetermined second voltage value for the battery set, and a predetermined value. Have a current value of
Detecting means capable of detecting at least one of a voltage higher than the first voltage value, a voltage of a battery set lower than the second voltage value, and a current larger than the current value;
A controller connected to the detecting means, connected to the first blocking means and the second blocking means;
When the detecting unit detects at least one of a voltage higher than the first voltage value, a voltage lower than the second voltage value, and a current larger than the current value, the control unit 2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the output of the battery set is blocked using at least one of the first blocking unit and the second blocking unit. A first reference voltage unit defining a reference voltage of the control unit;
A second reference voltage unit for defining a reference voltage of the second cutoff means;
The power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first reference voltage unit and the second reference voltage unit have different values. A control signal output unit for outputting a control signal for causing the second blocking means to block the output of the battery set;
The control signal output unit outputs the control signal to the second signal based on a signal from the control unit while maintaining the control unit and the second blocking unit in an electrically non-contact state. The power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the power supply device outputs the power to a shut-off means.   The power supply apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control signal output unit includes a photocoupler. The first blocking means includes a blocking unit that blocks the output path of the battery set by switching, and a drive unit that drives the blocking unit by switching,
The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a switching speed of the driving unit is higher than a switching speed of the blocking unit. On the plus side of the battery set, a first path for outputting a first current between the battery set and the connection portion;
A second path for outputting a second current smaller than the first current;
The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a selection unit that selects the first path and the second path.   The power supply apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the second path includes an element that limits a current value.   The power supply device according to claim 8, wherein the element that limits the current value is a resistance element.

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