JP2014122581A - Closed compressor and refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-efficiency and high-reliability closed compressor by preventing the inside of a closed container from being exposed to lubricating oil.SOLUTION: An eccentric shaft is provided with a second oil feeding path 160, and a vertical upper end of an eccentric shaft part is hermetically sealed. Thus, sufficient oil is fed to each sliding part of a compression element, and the inside of a closed container 101 is prevented from being exposed to lubricating oil 102. Consequently, reliability can be improved together with an increase in efficiency because viscosity is reduced by a rise in the temperature of the lubricating oil 102 housed in the closed container 101, in association with a rise in the temperature of the closed container 101.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor and a refrigeration apparatus used for a refrigeration apparatus and the like.

  Conventionally, a general hermetic compressor oiling device supplies lubricating oil to each sliding part using an oiling means for pumping up the lubricating oil stored in the airtight container and centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotating shaft. The lubricating oil pumped up by the oil supply means lubricates the main shaft while passing through the helical oil groove, and further lubricates each sliding part such as the eccentric part. After performing, there exist some which discharge | release lubricating oil from the upper end of an eccentric part (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Hereinafter, the conventional hermetic compressor will be described with reference to the drawings.

  3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a side surface of a conventional hermetic compressor described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 4 is a front view of a conventional crankshaft described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.

  Lubricating oil 2 is accommodated in the sealed container 1, and an electric element 5 including a stator 3 and a rotor 4 and a compression element 6 driven by the electric element 5 are accommodated.

  The compression element 6 includes a cylinder 8 that forms a compression chamber 7 and a piston 10 that is slidably inserted in the cylinder 8.

  A crankshaft 13 having a main shaft portion 11 and an eccentric portion 12 is rotatably supported by a main bearing 14 having a slide bearing structure, while the rotor 4 is mounted on the crankshaft 13.

  The crankshaft 13 is provided with an oil supply hole 16 having one end opened to the lubricating oil 2 and the other end communicating with the lower end of the spiral groove 15 engraved on the outer periphery of the crankshaft 13. The upper end of is communicated with the lubricating oil flow path 17 opened at the upper end of the eccentric portion 12.

  The operation of the hermetic compressor configured as described above will be described below.

  When the electric element 5 is energized, the electric element 5 is activated and the rotor 4 rotates.

  Then, the crankshaft 13 mounted integrally with the rotor 4 rotates, and the movement of the eccentric portion 12 of the crankshaft 13 is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston 10 of the compression element 6, and the piston 10 moves in the cylinder 8. It reciprocates and sucks and compresses the refrigerant in the compression chamber 7.

  The lubricating oil 2 stored in the sealed container 1 is pumped upward by an oil supply hole 16 attached to the lower end of the crankshaft 13 by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 13, and a spiral groove 15 provided in the crankshaft 13. And is supplied to the main bearing 14 and the eccentric portion 12 and is released from the upper end of the opened lubricating oil passage 17 by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 13.

JP 2001-182656 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, the lubricating oil 2 pumped up above the crankshaft 13 is discharged from the upper end of the lubricating oil passage 17 that is largely open.

  Thereby, sufficient oil supply to piston 10 is not carried out, but reliability may be impaired.

  Further, most of the released lubricating oil 2 is applied to the sealed container 1, and the temperature of the sealed container 1 is reduced.

  Thereby, the viscosity of the lubricating oil 102 increases due to a decrease in the temperature of the lubricating oil 2 stored in the sealed container 1, and the efficiency of the hermetic compressor may be reduced.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems. By sufficiently supplying oil to the piston, wear of the sliding portion is prevented, reliability is improved, and lubricating oil is applied to the sealed container. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient hermetic compressor in which the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases due to an increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the hermetic compressor according to the present invention includes a first oil supply path for conveying lubricating oil from a lower part to an upper part of the main shaft part, and a main shaft from the upper end of the first oil supply path. A second oil supply path that extends in the radial direction of the main shaft upper side hole and extends upward from the eccentric shaft portion, and the eccentric shaft portion is sealed vertically upward. It is a thing.

  Thus, during operation, the lubricating oil is supplied to the bearing portion by the spiral groove that is the oil supply path, the lubricating oil is supplied from the eccentric shaft portion to each sliding portion of the compression element via the connecting means, and the eccentric shaft It has the effect | action of suppressing that the lubricating oil discharge | released by the centrifugal force produced by rotation of a crankshaft from the upper end of a part starts in an airtight container.

  The hermetic compressor of the present invention can prevent wear of the sliding portion by supplying sufficient lubricating oil to each sliding portion of the compression element, can improve reliability, and the lubricating oil is hermetically sealed. It is possible to provide a highly efficient hermetic compressor with improved efficiency by suppressing the inside of the container and decreasing the viscosity of the lubricating oil due to an increase in the temperature of the lubricating oil.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the side of the hermetic compressor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Sectional drawing of the principal part of the hermetic compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention. Longitudinal sectional view from the side of a conventional hermetic compressor Cross section of the main part of a conventional hermetic compressor

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the lubricating oil is stored in a sealed container, and an electric element having a stator and a rotor and a compression element driven by the electric element are accommodated, and the compression element is A crankshaft having a main shaft portion and an eccentric shaft portion to which the rotor is fixed, and an oil supply means for pumping up the lubricating oil, a cylinder block having a compression chamber, and a reciprocating motion in the compression chamber And a connecting means for connecting the piston and the eccentric shaft portion and having a lateral hole serving as an oil supply path, and a main bearing provided on the cylinder block for supporting the main shaft portion. The means includes a first oil supply path for conveying the lubricating oil from a lower part to an upper part of the main shaft part, and a bottom part of a main shaft upper side hole extending in a radial direction of the main shaft part from an upper end of the first oil supply path. Communicating And, provided with a second oil path which extends above the eccentric shaft portion, the eccentric shaft portion is for vertically upward is sealed.

  As a result, during operation, the lubricating oil is supplied to the bearing portion by the spiral groove which is the oil supply path, and all the lubricating oil supplied to the eccentric shaft portion is supplied to each sliding portion of the compression element via the connecting means. As a result, sufficient lubrication is performed on each sliding portion, and a hermetic compressor with improved reliability can be provided.

  In addition, the lubricating oil released by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft from the upper end of the eccentric shaft portion is suppressed from being applied to the sealed container, and is stored in the sealed container as the temperature of the sealed container rises. As the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, the efficiency is improved and a highly efficient hermetic compressor can be provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the oil supply means is provided with a foreign material receiving hole having one end communicating with the centrifugal pump.

  As a result, when the lubricating oil containing minute dust is supplied upward by the oil supply means, the minute dust that has passed through the foreign material receiving hole is held in the foreign material receiving hole, so that the lubricating oil is supplied by the spiral groove. Inflow of minute dust into each sliding portion of the compression element to which the lubricating oil is supplied via the coupling means through the bearing portion and the eccentric shaft portion. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in loss and scratches at the sliding portion, stabilize the efficiency, and provide a hermetic compressor with improved reliability.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the foreign matter receiving hole comprises an annular groove.

  Thereby, since all the lubricating oil supplied by the oil supply means passes through the foreign matter receiving hole, more minute dust is held in the foreign matter receiving hole, and in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 2 Furthermore, a hermetic compressor with improved reliability can be provided.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the second or third aspect, the foreign matter receiving hole is arranged so as to be shifted in a range of 90 degrees to 270 degrees in a vertically lower position of the main shaft lower side hole. Thus, insufficient strength of the main shaft portion due to the provision of the lateral hole is prevented, and a hermetic compressor with improved reliability can be provided.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the hermetic compressor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is mounted on a refrigeration apparatus.

  Thereby, the refrigeration apparatus which reduced power consumption can be provided by making highly efficient the hermetic compressor which occupies most of the power consumption of a refrigeration apparatus.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the hermetic compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  1 and 2, lubricating oil 102 is stored in an airtight container 101, and an electric element 105 including a stator 103 and a rotor 104 and a compression element 106 driven by the electric element 105 are accommodated.

  In the present embodiment, a hermetic compressor that employs a reciprocating type compression element 106 will be described.

  The crankshaft 110 includes a main shaft portion 111 to which the rotor 104 is fixed, and an eccentric shaft portion 112 that is disposed above the main shaft portion 111 and is formed eccentrically with respect to the main shaft portion 111.

  The cylinder block 114 has a substantially cylindrical compression chamber 116 to which a main bearing 120 that supports the main shaft portion 111 is fixed.

  The piston 126 is inserted into the compression chamber 116 of the cylinder block 114 so as to be slidable back and forth, and is connected to the eccentric shaft portion 112 by a connecting means 128.

  Here, the connecting means 128 is provided with a horizontal hole 129 that is disposed in the horizontal direction and serves as an oil supply path.

  The upper end of the main bearing 120 of the cylinder block 114 has a thrust surface 130 formed in an annular shape at a substantially right angle to the axis of the main bearing 120, and an inner surface that extends further upward than the thrust surface 130 and faces the main shaft portion 111. And a bearing extension portion 144.

  A thrust ball bearing 132 is formed on the thrust surface 130 from the thrust surface 130 on the outer side of the bearing extension 144 toward the upper side in order to support the crankshaft 110 in the vertical direction.

  Next, a detailed configuration related to the oil supply path of the crankshaft 110 will be described.

  The crankshaft 110 includes an oil supply means 140 that conveys the lubricating oil 102 upward, and has a first oil supply path 150 that conveys the lubricating oil 102 from the lower part to the upper part of the main shaft part 111.

  Here, the first oil supply path 150 includes a concentric pump 150a provided at the lower portion of the crankshaft 110, a main shaft lower horizontal hole 150b extending in a radial direction while communicating with the upper portion of the concentric pump 150a, and a lower end at the crankshaft. 110 is formed of a spiral oil supply groove 150c communicating with the main shaft lower side horizontal hole 150b at the outer periphery of 110.

  Further, the main shaft portion 111 has a foreign material receiving hole 152 formed of a horizontal hole whose one end opens into the concentric pump 150a below the main shaft lower horizontal hole 150b.

  Further, the main shaft portion 111 communicates with a main shaft upper horizontal hole 158 extending in the radial direction of the main shaft portion 111 from the upper end of the spiral oil supply groove 150c, and a lower end communicates with the vicinity of the bottom portion of the main shaft upper horizontal hole 158. And a second oil supply path 160 extending upward.

  The second oil supply path 160 is inclined so as to be separated from the axis of the main shaft portion 111 as it extends upward.

  Thereby, the conveyance capability of the lubricating oil 102 by rotation of the crankshaft 110 is improved.

  In addition, the uppermost part of the second oil supply path 160 communicates with a lateral hole 129 that serves as an oil supply path of the connecting means 128.

  Here, the eccentric shaft portion 112 is sealed vertically upward.

  The operation of the hermetic compressor configured as described above will be described below.

  The rotor 104 of the electric element 105 rotates the crankshaft 110, and the rotational movement of the eccentric shaft portion 112 is transmitted to the piston 126 via the connecting means 128, so that the piston 126 reciprocates in the compression chamber 116.

  Thus, the cooling gas is sucked into the compression chamber 116 from the cooling system (not shown), compressed, and then discharged to the cooling system again.

  The weight of the crankshaft 110 and the rotor 104 is supported by a thrust ball bearing 132.

  By using this thrust ball bearing 132, the friction coefficient becomes smaller than that of the thrust slide bearing, so that the torque for rotating the crankshaft 110 can be reduced, and the sliding loss at the thrust bearing can be reduced.

  Therefore, input can be reduced and high efficiency can be realized.

  Next, the lubricating oil 102 stored in the hermetic container 101 is fed into the main shaft portion 111 by the first oil supply path 150 that is the oil supply means 140 provided in the crankshaft 110 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 110. Pumped from bottom to top.

  Furthermore, the lubricating oil 102 conveyed to the upper part of the main shaft part 111 by the first oil supply path 150 passes through the main shaft upper horizontal hole 158 extending in the radial direction of the main shaft part 111 from the upper end of the first oil supply path 150, It is pumped up to the upper part of the eccentric shaft part 112 through the second oil supply path 160.

  At this time, all of the lubricating oil 102 pumped up to the upper portion of the eccentric shaft portion 112 by the second oil supply path 160 is passed through the lateral hole 129 serving as the oil supply path of the connecting means 128 communicating with the second oil supply path 160. , And sent to the piston 126.

  As a result, sufficient lubricating oil 102 is supplied to the piston 126 to prevent wear due to insufficient lubrication, and high reliability can be obtained.

  Further, all of the lubricating oil 102 pumped up to the upper portion of the eccentric shaft portion 112 by the second oil supply path 160 is sent to the lateral hole 129 that becomes the oil supply path of the connecting means 128 that communicates with the second oil supply path 160.

  As a result, the lubricating oil 102 released by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 110 from the upper end of the eccentric shaft portion 112 is suppressed from entering the sealed container 101, and the heat dissipation effect of the sealed container 101 is reduced. Then, the temperature in the sealed container 101 rises, and as a result, the viscosity loss is reduced due to the decrease in the viscosity due to the increase in the oil temperature of the lubricating oil 102 stored in the sealed container 101, so that the efficiency can be improved.

  Here, when the lubricating oil 102 containing minute dust passes through the foreign matter receiving hole 152, the fine dust having a larger specific gravity than the lubricating oil 102 is held in the foreign matter receiving hole 152 by centrifugal force, and has a specific gravity. Only a small lubricant 102 is pumped up to the top.

Accordingly, the main bearing 120 to which the lubricating oil 102 is supplied by the spiral oil supply groove 150c and the compression element 106 to which the lubricating oil 102 is supplied through the eccentric shaft portion 112 and the connecting means 128 are provided.
Inflow of minute dust into each sliding part of the slab will be reduced, and by increasing the loss at the sliding part and preventing scratches, the efficiency can be stabilized and the reliability can be improved. .

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the foreign material receiving hole 152 including a horizontal hole is provided has been described.

  However, when the foreign material receiving hole 152 formed of an annular groove is provided, all of the lubricating oil 102 supplied by the oil supply means 140 passes through the foreign material receiving hole 152.

  As a result, a larger amount of fine dust is held in the foreign material receiving hole 152, and the lubricating oil 102 passes through the main bearing 120 to which the lubricating oil 102 is supplied by the spiral oil supply groove 150c and the eccentric shaft portion 112 and the connecting means 128. Since the inflow of minute dust to each sliding portion of the compression element 106 to which is supplied is further reduced, it is possible to provide a highly reliable hermetic compressor.

  In the present embodiment, the foreign material receiving hole 152 is disposed in the range of 90 degrees to 270 degrees at a position vertically below the main shaft lower side hole 150b.

  Thereby, insufficient strength of the main shaft portion due to the provision of the lateral hole is prevented, and a hermetic compressor with improved reliability can be provided.

  Further, for the purpose of securing a higher strength, the foreign material receiving hole 152 is preferably disposed on the opposite side (180 degrees) of the main shaft lower horizontal hole 150b.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the foreign material receiving hole 152 is provided in a fitting portion between the main shaft portion 111 and the rotor 104 at a position vertically below the main shaft portion 111.

  As a result, the foreign matter can be retained at the fitting portion between the main shaft portion 111 and the rotor 104 by centrifugal force, and the inflow of minute dust into each sliding portion of the compression element 106 can be reduced. It is possible to provide a hermetic compressor having a higher level.

  Moreover, since the hermetic compressor that occupies most of the power consumption of the refrigeration apparatus can be made highly efficient by mounting the hermetic compressor of this embodiment in the refrigeration apparatus, the power consumption of the refrigeration apparatus can be greatly reduced. Can do. And reliability can be improved.

  As described above, the hermetic compressor according to the present invention is a highly efficient compressor and can improve reliability. Specifically, a refrigeration system equipped with such a compressor can be deployed in various types of equipment, including household refrigerators, commercial refrigerators, dehumidifiers, showcases, vending machines, and air conditioners. And can be widely applied as a product with improved reliability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Airtight container 102 Lubricating oil 103 Stator 104 Rotor 105 Electric element 106 Compression element 110 Crankshaft 111 Main shaft part 112 Eccentric shaft part 114 Cylinder block 116 Compression chamber 120 Main bearing 126 Piston 128 Connection means 130 Thrust surface 132 Thrust ball bearing 144 Bearing extension part 140 Oil supply means 150 First oil supply path 150a Concentric pump 150b Main shaft lower side hole 150c Spiral oil supply groove 152 Foreign material reception hole 158 Main shaft upper side hole 160 Second oil supply path

Claims (5)

The lubricating oil is stored in a sealed container, and an electric element having a stator and a rotor and a compression element driven by the electric element are accommodated,
The compression element has a main shaft portion and an eccentric shaft portion to which the rotor is fixed, a crankshaft having oil supply means for pumping the lubricating oil upward, a cylinder block having a compression chamber, and the compression A piston that reciprocates indoors, a connecting means that connects the piston and the eccentric shaft portion and has a horizontal hole that serves as an oil supply path, and a main bearing that is provided in the cylinder block and supports the main shaft portion. Prepared,
The oil supply means includes a first oil supply path that conveys the lubricating oil from a lower part to an upper part of the main shaft part, and a bottom part of a main shaft upper horizontal hole that extends from the upper end of the first oil supply path in the radial direction of the main shaft part. A second oil supply path that communicates with the vicinity and extends above the eccentric shaft portion, wherein the eccentric shaft portion is hermetically sealed in a vertically upward direction. 2. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply means is provided with a foreign material receiving hole having one end communicating with the first oil supply path. The hermetic compressor according to claim 2, wherein the foreign matter receiving hole includes an annular groove. 4. The hermetic compressor according to claim 2, wherein the foreign material receiving hole is arranged so as to be shifted from a range of 90 degrees to 270 degrees in a vertically lower position of a main shaft lower horizontal hole. A refrigeration apparatus equipped with the hermetic compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.