JP2014109016A - Grease composition - Google Patents
Grease composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014109016A JP2014109016A JP2012265345A JP2012265345A JP2014109016A JP 2014109016 A JP2014109016 A JP 2014109016A JP 2012265345 A JP2012265345 A JP 2012265345A JP 2012265345 A JP2012265345 A JP 2012265345A JP 2014109016 A JP2014109016 A JP 2014109016A
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- grease composition
- base oil
- metal
- alkyl phosphate
- grease
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 alkyl phosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane-3,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1NNC(=O)NN1 XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical group C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylamine Natural products CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940064004 antiseptic throat preparations Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFYLVUHLOOCYBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N eticyclidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(NCC)CCCCC1 IFYLVUHLOOCYBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、摩擦係数の低減に極めて効果的なグリース組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a grease composition that is extremely effective in reducing the friction coefficient.
今日、産業界におけるグリースの役割として、摩擦損失の低減による高効率化の観点から、低摩擦性が必要とされている。
摩擦係数を低減する目的で、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛とジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンを組み合わせてグリースに処方する方法が良く知られている（特開平４−３４５９０号）。
また、優れたロングトレイン性能、高温潤滑性、省燃費性を有する潤滑油組成物として、硫黄分の低減されたリン酸エステル金属塩を含有する潤滑油が知られている（特許第３８４１６８７号）。
さらに、摩擦係数を低減する目的で、硫黄分の低減されたリン酸エステル金属塩と、金属系洗浄剤を組み合わせて処方する方法が知られている（特開２００９−１２７５３１号、トライボロジスト 第５６巻 第１２号（２０１１）７７０〜７７９）。
Today, the role of grease in the industry requires low friction from the viewpoint of increasing efficiency by reducing friction loss.
For the purpose of reducing the friction coefficient, a method of formulating grease by combining zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate is well known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-34590).
In addition, as a lubricating oil composition having excellent long train performance, high temperature lubricity, and fuel economy, a lubricating oil containing a phosphoric acid ester metal salt with a reduced sulfur content is known (Japanese Patent No. 3841687). .
Furthermore, for the purpose of reducing the coefficient of friction, a method is known in which a phosphoric acid ester metal salt with a reduced sulfur content is combined with a metal detergent (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-127531, Tribologist 56th). Vol. 12 (2011) 770-779).
しかしながら、上記の方法は、摩擦係数の低減が十分であるとは言えない。本発明の目的は、摩擦係数の低減に極めて効果的なグリース組成物を提供することである。 However, the above-described method cannot be said to reduce the friction coefficient sufficiently. An object of the present invention is to provide a grease composition that is extremely effective in reducing the friction coefficient.
本発明は、下記の成分（ａ）〜（ｄ）を含有するグリース組成物を提供する。
（ａ）基油
（ｂ）増ちょう剤
（ｃ）一般式（１）で表されるアルキルリン酸金属塩
［｛ＲＯ（ＣeＨ2eＯ）n｝3-a-dＰＯ（Ｏ）a（ＯＨ）d］c（Ｍ）b （１）
（式中、Ｒは炭素数が１〜３０の炭化水素基を表し、炭化水素基が複数ある場合、同じでも異なっていても良い。Ｍはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、亜鉛、アルミニウム、又はマグネシウムを表す。ａは１又は２を表す。ｂは１又は２を表す。ｃは１〜３を表す。ｄは０又は１を表すが、但しａが２のときは０である。ｅは２又は３を表す。ｎは０〜６０を表す。）
（ｄ）ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン
The present invention provides a grease composition containing the following components (a) to (d).
(A) Base oil (b) Thickener (c) Alkyl phosphate metal salt represented by general formula (1) [{RO (C e H 2 e O) n } 3-ad PO (O) a (OH D ] c (M) b (1)
(In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of hydrocarbon groups, they may be the same or different. M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, zinc, aluminum, or Represents magnesium, a represents 1 or 2, b represents 1 or 2, c represents 1 to 3, d represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 2, e is 0. Represents 2 or 3. n represents 0-60.)
(D) Molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate
本発明により、摩擦係数の低減に極めて効果的なグリース組成物を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grease composition that is extremely effective in reducing the friction coefficient.
以下、本発明のグリース組成物について詳述する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、下記の成分（ａ）〜（ｄ）を含有する。
（ａ）基油
（ｂ）増ちょう剤
（ｃ）一般式（１）で表されるアルキルリン酸金属塩
［｛ＲＯ（ＣeＨ2eＯ）n｝3-a-dＰＯ（Ｏ）a（ＯＨ）d］c（Ｍ）b （１）
（式中、Ｒは炭素数が１〜３０の炭化水素基を表し、炭化水素基が複数ある場合、同じでも異なっていても良い。Ｍはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、亜鉛、アルミニウム、又はマグネシウムを表す。ａは１又は２を表す。ｂは１又は２を表す。ｃは１〜３を表す。ｄは０又は１を表すが、但しａが２のときは０である。ｅは２又は３を表す。ｎは０〜６０を表す。）
（ｄ）ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン
Hereinafter, the grease composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains the following components (a) to (d).
(A) Base oil (b) Thickener (c) Alkyl phosphate metal salt represented by general formula (1) [{RO (C e H 2 e O) n } 3-ad PO (O) a (OH D ] c (M) b (1)
(In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of hydrocarbon groups, they may be the same or different. M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, zinc, aluminum, or Represents magnesium, a represents 1 or 2, b represents 1 or 2, c represents 1 to 3, d represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 2, e is 0. Represents 2 or 3. n represents 0-60.)
(D) Molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate
上記（ａ）成分の基油としては、パラフィン系、ナフテン系鉱油を始めとし全ての油が使用可能である。鉱油以外の基油としては、ポリαオレフィン（ＰＡＯ）、ポリブテン、アルキルナフタレン、アルキルベンゼン、エチレン−αオレフィンコオリゴマー等に代表される合成炭化水素油；ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、芳香族エステルなどのエステル系合成油；ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、アルキルジフェニルエーテル等のエーテル系合成油；シリコーン油；及びフッ素化油などが挙げられる。これらの基油は単独で用いることができ、又は各種の混合油としても用いることができる。
本発明において、基油は、好ましくは鉱油、合成炭化水素油、エステル系合成油、又はこれらの混合油である。
基油動粘度は、通常使用される潤滑油粘度の範囲であれば全て使用可能である。基油動粘度は、好ましくは１００℃での動粘度が２〜５０ｍｍ2／ｓ、より好ましくは４〜２０ｍｍ2／ｓである。基油動粘度が高すぎる場合、粘度指数によっては低温特性に影響する（例えば、ギヤなどで、低温環境により動粘度の上昇が生じ、内部撹拌抵抗が増加、負荷トルク異常が生じることがある）。また、油の潤滑において、油膜確保のパラメーターは基油動粘度に強く依存することから、基油動粘度が低すぎる場合には、十分な油膜を形成できず、転がり疲労寿命が低下する可能性がある。
As the base oil of the component (a), all oils including paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils can be used. Base oils other than mineral oils include synthetic hydrocarbon oils typified by polyalphaolefin (PAO), polybutene, alkylnaphthalene, alkylbenzene, ethylene-alpha olefin co-oligomer, etc .; ester series such as diester, polyol ester, aromatic ester Synthetic oils; ether-based synthetic oils such as polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and alkyldiphenyl ether; silicone oils; and fluorinated oils. These base oils can be used alone or as various mixed oils.
In the present invention, the base oil is preferably a mineral oil, a synthetic hydrocarbon oil, an ester-based synthetic oil, or a mixed oil thereof.
Any base oil kinematic viscosity can be used as long as it is within the range of commonly used lubricating oil viscosity. The base oil kinematic viscosity is preferably 2 to 50 mm 2 / s, more preferably 4 to 20 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C. If the base oil kinematic viscosity is too high, depending on the viscosity index, the low temperature characteristics may be affected (for example, the kinematic viscosity may increase due to the low temperature environment in gears, the internal stirring resistance may increase, and load torque abnormality may occur) . Also, in oil lubrication, the oil film securing parameter strongly depends on the base oil kinematic viscosity, so if the base oil kinematic viscosity is too low, a sufficient oil film cannot be formed and the rolling fatigue life may be reduced. There is.
上記（ｂ）成分の増ちょう剤として、グリース用増ちょう剤として知られている全ての増ちょう剤を使用することができる。このような増ちょう剤としては、リチウム石けん、カルシウム石けん、ナトリウム石けんに代表される石けん系増ちょう剤、リチウムコンプレックス石けん、カルシウムコンプレックス石けん、アルミニウムコンプレックス石けん、カルシウムスルホネートコンプレックス石けんに代表されるコンプレックス石けん系増ちょう剤、ジウレア、テトラウレアに代表されるウレア系増ちょう剤、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、ＭＣＡ、カーボンブラックに代表される有機系増ちょう剤、有機化クレイ、微細シリカに代表される無機系増ちょう剤等が挙げられる。好ましくは、下記の式で表されるジウレア系増ちょう剤が挙げられる。
Ｒ1−ＮＨ−ＣＯ−ＮＨ−Ｃ6Ｈ4−ｐ−ＣＨ2−Ｃ6Ｈ4−ｐ−ＮＨ−ＣＯ−ＮＨＲ2
（Ｒ1及びＲ2は、独立して、炭素数８〜２０、好ましくは炭素数８〜１８のアルキル基、炭素数６〜１２、好ましくは炭素数６〜７のアリール基及び炭素数６〜１２、好ましくは炭素数６〜７のシクロアルキル基からなる群より選ばれ、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。）
上記ジウレア系増ちょう剤は、例えば、所定のジイソシアネートと所定のモノアミンとを反応させることにより得ることができる。ジイソシアネートの好ましい具体例は、ジフェニルメタン−４，４’−ジイソシアネートである。モノアミンとしては、脂肪族系アミン、芳香族アミン、脂環式アミン又はこれらの混合物が挙げられる。脂肪族系アミンとしては、炭素数８〜１８のアルキルアミン、例えばオクチルアミン、ドデシルアミン、ヘキサデシルアミン、オクタデシルアミン及びオレイルアミンが挙げられる。芳香族アミンの具体例としては、アニリン及びｐ−トルイジンが挙げられる。脂環式アミンの具体例としては、シクロヘキシルアミンが挙げられる。上記ジイソシアネートとモノアミンとを反応させる方法には特に制限はなく、従来公知の方法により実施することができる。
オクチルアミン、アクタデシルアミン及びシクロヘキアミン又はこれらの混合物を用いて得られる成分（ｂ）のジウレア系増ちょう剤が好ましい。
本発明のグリース組成物は、例えばＪＩＳ Ｋ２２２０ ５．３により測定されるちょう度が２３５〜４１５であるのが好ましく、より好ましくは２８５〜３７０である。このようなちょう度の調整は、上記（ｂ）成分の量を調整することで容易に行うことができる。
As the thickener for the component (b), all thickeners known as grease thickeners can be used. Examples of such thickeners include lithium soap, calcium soap, soap-based thickeners represented by sodium soap, lithium complex soap, calcium complex soap, aluminum complex soap, and complex soaps represented by calcium sulfonate complex soap. Thickeners, urea-based thickeners typified by diurea and tetraurea, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), MCA, organic thickeners typified by carbon black, organic clays, and inorganics typified by fine silica System thickeners and the like. Preferably, a diurea thickener represented by the following formula is used.
R 1 -NH-CO-NH- C 6 H 4 -p-CH 2 -C 6 H 4 -p-NH-CO-NHR 2
(R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 7 carbon atoms, and 6 to 6 carbon atoms. 12 and preferably selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups having 6 to 7 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.)
The diurea thickener can be obtained, for example, by reacting a predetermined diisocyanate with a predetermined monoamine. A preferred specific example of the diisocyanate is diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate. Examples of monoamines include aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, alicyclic amines, and mixtures thereof. Examples of the aliphatic amine include alkylamines having 8 to 18 carbon atoms such as octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine and oleylamine. Specific examples of the aromatic amine include aniline and p-toluidine. Specific examples of alicyclic amines include cyclohexylamine. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the method of making the said diisocyanate and monoamine react, It can implement by a conventionally well-known method.
Preference is given to component (b) diurea thickeners obtained using octylamine, actadecylamine and cyclohexamine or mixtures thereof.
The grease composition of the present invention preferably has a consistency measured by, for example, JIS K2220 5.3 of 235 to 415, more preferably 285 to 370. Such consistency adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the amount of the component (b).
上記（ｃ）成分のアルキルリン酸金属塩において、Ｒは、好ましくは炭素数が４〜３０の炭化水素基であり、より好ましくは炭素数が４〜１８の炭化水素基である。また、炭化水素基は、好ましくはアルキル基、シクロアルキル基であり、より好ましくはアルキル基である。
アルキルリン酸金属塩の金属は、好ましくは亜鉛、カルシウム、又はマグネシウムであり、より好ましくは亜鉛である。
アルキルリン酸金属塩の含有量は、組成物の全量を基準として、好ましくは０.０５〜１０質量％であり、より好ましくは０．１〜５質量％である。０．０５質量％未満では効果が不十分な傾向があり、また１０質量％を超えてもさらなる効果の向上は認められない。
In the alkyl phosphate metal salt of the component (c), R is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, and more preferably an alkyl group.
The metal of the alkyl phosphate metal salt is preferably zinc, calcium, or magnesium, and more preferably zinc.
The content of the alkyl phosphate metal salt is preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.05% by mass, the effect tends to be insufficient, and if the amount exceeds 10% by mass, no further improvement in the effect is observed.
上記（ｄ）成分のジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンとしては、次式で表されるものが好ましい。
［Ｒ3Ｒ4Ｎ−ＣＳ−Ｓ］2−Ｍｏ2ＯmＳn
（式中、Ｒ3及びＲ4は、炭素数１〜２４、好ましくは炭素数３〜１８の一級又は二級のアルキル基であり、ｍは０〜３、ｎは４〜１であり、ｍ＋ｎ＝４である）
ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンの含有量は、組成物の全量を基準として、０．１〜１０質量％が好ましく、０．１〜５質量％がより好ましい。０．１質量％未満では、効果が不十分な傾向があり、また１０質量％を超えてもさらなる効果の向上は認められない。
As the above-mentioned component (d) molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, one represented by the following formula is preferable.
[R 3 R 4 N-CS -S] 2 -Mo 2 O m S n
Wherein R 3 and R 4 are primary or secondary alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms, m is 0 to 3, n is 4 to 1, and m + n = 4)
The content of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the composition. If the amount is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect tends to be insufficient, and if the amount exceeds 10% by mass, no further improvement in the effect is observed.
本発明のグリース組成物には、上記（ａ）〜（ｄ）成分に加え、一般的に用いられている酸化防止剤、錆止め剤、極圧剤、耐摩耗剤、金属不活性化剤、防腐食剤、油性剤、固体潤滑剤等の添加剤を添加することができる。上記添加剤を添加する場合、その添加量はグリース組成物において通常使用される量とすることができ、一般的には、グリース組成物の全質量中０．０００１〜５０質量％である。
以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明の範囲は、かかる実施例に限定されないことはいうまでもない。
In addition to the components (a) to (d), the grease composition of the present invention includes generally used antioxidants, rust inhibitors, extreme pressure agents, antiwear agents, metal deactivators, antiseptics. Additives such as foods, oily agents, and solid lubricants can be added. When the above additives are added, the amount added can be the amount normally used in the grease composition, and is generally 0.0001 to 50% by mass in the total mass of the grease composition.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. Needless to say, the scope of the present invention is not limited to such examples.
実施例１〜４及び比較例１〜８（ベースウレアグリースの製造）
容器に、基油２０００ｇとジフェニルメタン−４，４’−ジイソシアネート２５０ｇをとり、７０〜８０℃に加熱した。別容器に、基油２０００ｇとオクチルアミン２５８ｇをとり、７０〜８０℃に加熱後、先の容器に加え、よく撹拌しながら３０分間反応させた。その後、加熱撹拌し、放冷後、ベースウレアグリースを得た。
このベースウレアグリースに、表１及び２に示す処方で添加剤を添加し、適宜基油を加え、得られる混合物を三段ロールミルにてＪＩＳちょう度３００に調整した。
Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-8 (Manufacture of base urea grease)
In a container, 2000 g of base oil and 250 g of diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate were taken and heated to 70 to 80 ° C. In a separate container, 2000 g of base oil and 258 g of octylamine were taken, heated to 70-80 ° C., added to the previous container, and allowed to react for 30 minutes with good stirring. Thereafter, the mixture was heated and stirred and allowed to cool to obtain a base urea grease.
Additives were added to the base urea grease in accordance with the formulations shown in Tables 1 and 2, base oil was added as appropriate, and the resulting mixture was adjusted to a JIS consistency of 300 using a three-stage roll mill.
実施例５〜８（ベースリチウムグリースの製造）
容器に、基油９３５ｇと１２−ヒドロキシステアリン酸１６５ｇをとり、８０℃に加熱した。別容器に、水道水１２０ｇと水酸化リチウム１水塩２３．８ｇをとり、加熱溶解後、先の容器に加え、よく撹拌しながら６０分間けん化反応させた。更に、加熱撹拌後、基油８７６．２ｇを追加し、放冷後、三段ロールミルに通してベースリチウムグリースを得た。
このベースグリースに表１に示す処方で添加剤を添加し、適宜基油を加え、得られる混合物を三段ロールミルにてＪＩＳちょう度３００に調整した。
Examples 5 to 8 (production of base lithium grease)
In a container, 935 g of base oil and 165 g of 12-hydroxystearic acid were taken and heated to 80 ° C. In a separate container, 120 g of tap water and 23.8 g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate were taken, dissolved by heating, added to the previous container, and allowed to saponify for 60 minutes with good stirring. Furthermore, after heating and stirring, 876.2 g of base oil was added, and after standing to cool, the mixture was passed through a three-stage roll mill to obtain base lithium grease.
Additives were added to the base grease according to the formulation shown in Table 1, base oil was added as appropriate, and the resulting mixture was adjusted to a JIS consistency of 300 using a three-stage roll mill.
＜試験方法＞
＜ＳＲＶ試験＞
実施例１〜８及び比較例１〜８の各グリース組成物について、ＳＲＶ摩擦摩耗試験により摩擦係数を測定した。下記の試験条件にて実施し、試験終了前１０秒間の平均値を測定した。
テストピース
ボール：直径１１／１６インチ（ＳＵＪ２）
円筒プレート：直径２４ｍｍ×７．８５ｍｍ（ＳＵＪ２）
測定条件（測定方法はＡＳＴＭ Ｄ５７０７に準拠）
荷重：５０Ｎ、周波数：１０Ｈｚ、ストローク：０．８ｍｍ、温度：４０℃、試験時間：３分
<Test method>
<SRV test>
About each grease composition of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-8, the friction coefficient was measured by the SRV friction abrasion test. The test was carried out under the following test conditions, and the average value for 10 seconds before the test was completed.
Test piece ball: 11/16 inch diameter (SUJ2)
Cylindrical plate: Diameter 24mm x 7.85mm (SUJ2)
Measurement conditions (Measurement method conforms to ASTM D5707)
Load: 50N, Frequency: 10Hz, Stroke: 0.8mm, Temperature: 40 ° C, Test time: 3 minutes
なお、表中に示す各成分は以下のとおりであり、表中の数字は質量％を示す。
基油：鉱油（動粘度：１００ｍｍ2／ｓ（４０℃）、１１ｍｍ2／ｓ（１００℃）、粘度指数：９４）
※１）勝田化工（株）社製 Ｐ−４２１
※２）勝田化工（株）社製 ＯＲ−４０
※３）下記式（２）で示される勝田化工（株）社製 アルキルリン酸カルシウム
｛（Ｃ4Ｈ9Ｏ）2ＰＯ（Ｏ）｝2Ｃａ （２）
※４）下記式（３）で示される勝田化工（株）社製 アルキルリン酸マグネシウム
｛（Ｃ4Ｈ9Ｏ）2ＰＯ（Ｏ）｝2Ｍｇ （３）
※５）Ｒ．Ｔ．ＶＡＮＤＥＲＢＩＬＴ社製 ＭＯＬＹＶＡＮ Ａ
※６）日本ルーブリゾール（株）社製 ＬＵＢＲＩＺＯＬ １３９５
※７）ラインケミージャパン（株）社製 ＡＤＤＩＴＩＮ ＲＣ３０８０
※８）日本ルーブリゾール（株）社製 ＬＵＢＲＩＺＯＬ ６７７Ａ
In addition, each component shown in the table | surface is as follows, and the number in a table | surface shows the mass%.
Base oil: mineral oil (kinematic viscosity: 100 mm 2 / s (40 ° C.), 11 mm 2 / s (100 ° C.), viscosity index: 94)
* 1) P-421 manufactured by Katsuta Chemical Co., Ltd.
* 2) OR-40 manufactured by Katsuta Chemical Co., Ltd.
* 3) Calcium alkyl phosphate {(C 4 H 9 O) 2 PO (O)} 2 Ca (2) manufactured by Katsuta Chemical Co., Ltd. represented by the following formula (2)
* 4) Magnesium alkyl phosphate {(C 4 H 9 O) 2 PO (O)} 2 Mg (3) manufactured by Katsuta Chemical Co., Ltd. represented by the following formula (3)
* 5) R.I. T. T. et al. MOLYVAN A made by VANDERBILT
* 6) LUBRIZOL 1395 manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.
* 7) ADDITIN RC3080 manufactured by Rhein Chemie Japan
* 8) LUBRIZOL 677A manufactured by Nippon Lubrizol Co., Ltd.
結果
成分（ａ）〜（ｄ）を全て含む、本発明の実施例１〜８のグリース組成物は、摩擦係数が極めて低いことがわかる。これに対して、成分（ｄ）ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンを含まない比較例１〜４は摩擦係数が高い。また、成分（ｃ）アルキルリン酸金属塩の変わりに、硫黄分を含むジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛を含有する比較例５〜７は、十分な摩擦係数の低減が得られていない。なお、成分（ｃ）アルキルリン酸金属塩及びジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛のどちらも含まない比較例８は十分な摩擦係数の低減が得られていない。
Results It can be seen that the grease compositions of Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention containing all the components (a) to (d) have a very low friction coefficient. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 that do not contain the component (d) molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate have a high friction coefficient. Further, in Comparative Examples 5 to 7 containing a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate containing a sulfur content instead of the component (c) metal alkyl phosphate, a sufficient reduction in the friction coefficient is not obtained. In addition, Comparative Example 8 which does not contain both component (c) alkyl phosphate metal salt and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate does not have a sufficient reduction in friction coefficient.
Claims (3)
（ａ）基油
（ｂ）増ちょう剤
（ｃ）一般式（１）で表されるアルキルリン酸金属塩
［｛ＲＯ（ＣeＨ2eＯ）n｝3-a-dＰＯ（Ｏ）a（ＯＨ）d］c（Ｍ）b （１）
（式中、Ｒは炭素数が１〜３０の炭化水素基を表し、炭化水素基が複数ある場合、同じでも異なっていても良い。Ｍはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、亜鉛、アルミニウム、又はマグネシウムを表す。ａは１又は２を表す。ｂは１又は２を表す。ｃは１〜３を表す。ｄは０又は１を表すが、但しａが２のときは０である。ｅは２又は３を表す。ｎは０〜６０を表す。）
（ｄ）ジアルキルジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン A grease composition containing the following components (a) to (d).
(A) Base oil (b) Thickener (c) Alkyl phosphate metal salt represented by general formula (1) [{RO (C e H 2 e O) n } 3-ad PO (O) a (OH D ] c (M) b (1)
(In the formula, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of hydrocarbon groups, they may be the same or different. M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, zinc, aluminum, or Represents magnesium, a represents 1 or 2, b represents 1 or 2, c represents 1 to 3, d represents 0 or 1, provided that when a is 2, e is 0. Represents 2 or 3. n represents 0-60.)
(D) Molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate
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