JP2014101681A - Roof hatch and metal stopper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roof hatch and a metal stopper that enables a person to easily climb onto a roof and safely work on the roof.SOLUTION: A roof hatch 10 includes: a base plate 11 which constitutes a bottom face and has a first opening 12 large enough for a person to pass through formed therein; a ceiling board 21 which constitutes a ceiling plane and has a second opening 22 large enough for a person to pass through formed therein; a side plate 31 constituting an outer peripheral surface by connecting the base plate 11 and the ceiling board 21; a bottom cover 14 which is installed in the first opening 12 in an openable and closable manner and which blocks communication with the first opening 12 in a closed state; a canopy 24 installed in the second opening 22 in an openable and closable manner; and a drain pipe 36 installed near a top face of the base plate 11 through a lower end of the side plate 31 for discharging water on the base plate 11 to outside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof hatch and a fastener.

  With regard to snow removal, the conventional method of snow removal is still being carried out without the streamlining and mechanization of work. However, snow removal is a dangerous task, and many accidents during snow removal such as falling occur every year. In addition, compared with the city center, the snowy areas are becoming more sparsely populated and aging, and the number of young people is short. This further increases the number of accidents during snow removal.

  Cited Document 1 discloses a fall prevention device for preventing a fall from a roof during snow lowering.

  This fall prevention device attaches an upright material to the eaves of the roof, and even when the worker falls, the worker is received by the eaves to prevent the fall.

JP 2011-052449 A

  In order to perform snow removal work on the roof, it is first necessary to climb the roof. Since snow is piled up on the roof and the ground, if the ladder is hung on the roof, the ladder is fixed in an unstable state, and there is a possibility that the ladder may fall down while the operator moves up and down.

  Even if you can safely climb the roof, the snow-covered roof is sloped and slippery. Moreover, the work of scooping and throwing snow off with a shovel forces heavy labor while paying attention to falling. Despite such dangerous work, we are not subject to the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Therefore, there is no encouragement for the use of safety belts. As a matter of fact, even if a safety belt is worn, there is no metal fitting or the like that can lock the hook of the safety belt on the roof.

  The present invention has been made in view of these points, and provides a roof hatch and a fastener that can be easily climbed on a roof and can be safely performed on the roof. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above object, a roof hatch according to the first aspect of the present invention includes:
A roof hatch standing over a through hole formed in the roof of the building,
A bottom plate having a first opening of a size that allows a person to pass therethrough,
A ceiling plate that forms a ceiling surface on which a second opening of a size that allows a person to pass is formed;
An outer peripheral plate that forms an outer peripheral surface by connecting the bottom plate and the ceiling plate;
A bottom lid provided in the first opening so as to be openable and closable, which blocks communication in the first opening in the closed state;
A canopy provided in the second opening so as to be openable and closable;
A drainage passage provided near the upper surface of the bottom plate and penetrating a lower end portion of the outer peripheral plate, and discharging water on the bottom plate to the outside;
It is characterized by providing.

The outer peripheral plate is formed with a third opening large enough for a person to pass through,
You may further provide the door provided in the said 3rd opening so that opening and closing was possible.

  You may further provide the latching | locking part for latching a safety belt.

The fastener according to the second aspect of the present invention is:
A pair of clamps holding the roof ridge,
A main body composed of at least two members that connect the pair of clamps, and
The body part is
Having a locking part for locking the safety belt,
It is assembled by fastening the members with fastening parts,
By changing the fastening position by the fastening parts, it is possible to change the distance between both clamps,
It is characterized by that.

  You may further provide the spacer pinched | interposed between the members of the said main-body part.

  In the spacer, both joint surfaces with the member of the main body may be arranged in a square shape.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily climb on the roof, and work on the roof can be performed safely.

It is a perspective view of the snow lowering equipment provided with the roof hatch which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and a fastener. It is sectional drawing of a snow lowering instrument. It is a front view of a fastener. It is a side view of a fastener. (A) And (b) is a figure for demonstrating the attachment method of a spacer. It is a figure for demonstrating the other fixing method of a fastener. It is a front view which shows the connection method of a some fastener. It is a side view which shows the connection method of a some fastener. It is a figure for demonstrating the snow removal method by water discharge. It is sectional drawing which shows the clamp by a modification. It is a front view which shows the fastener according to a modification. (A) is a front view of a center metal fitting, (b) is a side view of a center metal fitting. (A) is a front view of a flat washer, (b) is a front view of a taper washer. It is a perspective view which shows the roof hatch by a modification.

  Hereinafter, the roof hatch 10 and the fastener 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a snow lowering device 1 including a roof hatch 10 and a fastener 50, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the snow lowering device 1 as viewed from the direction in which a ridge 71 of the roof 70 extends.

  The roof hatch 10 is surrounded by a bottom plate 11, a ceiling plate 21, and four or more side plates 31, and is formed in a box shape. The bottom plate 11, the ceiling plate 21 and the side plate 31 are all made of a member having a pressure resistance against snow, for example, a steel material.

  The bottom plate 11 is horizontally disposed in the installed state of the roof hatch 10. The bottom plate 11 is formed with a first rectangular opening 12 having a size that allows a person to pass therethrough. The shape of the first opening 12 is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a circle. The first opening 12 is provided with a rectangular one-sided bottom lid 14 that is fixed to the bottom plate 11 by a hinge 13 and that is rotatable about the axis of the hinge 13. The shape of the bottom cover 14 is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a circle.

  It is preferable that a rubber packing 15 having elasticity is attached to the entire portion of the bottom lid 14 overlapping the edge of the first opening 12. When the bottom lid 14 is closed, the packing 15 is sandwiched between the bottom lid 14 and the edge of the first opening 12. Thereby, the communication in the 1st opening 12 is interrupted | blocked, and liquid tightness and airtightness are maintained.

  A handle (not shown) is preferably attached to the front and back surfaces of the bottom lid 14, and in that case, the bottom lid 14 can be opened and closed from either the front or back surface. In addition, a stay (not shown) with a lock mechanism is attached between the bottom plate 11 and the bottom lid 14 so that the bottom lid 14 can be held in an open state. By attaching the stay with the lock mechanism, an accident such as a hand being caught by the bottom cover 14 is prevented.

  The ceiling plate 21 has two sides 21 a and 21 b bent in a mountain shape, and both surfaces are inclined with respect to the bottom plate 11. The ceiling plate 21b is formed with a square second opening 22 having a size that allows a person to pass therethrough. The shape of the second opening 22 is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a circle. The second opening 22 is provided with a rectangular one-sided canopy 24 that is fixed to the ceiling plate 21 b by a hinge 23 and is rotatable about the axis of the hinge 23. The hinge 23 is attached below the inclined plate in which the second opening 22 is provided. The shape of the canopy 24 is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a circle.

  The ceiling plate 21 may not be formed in a mountain shape if the ceiling plate 21b in which the second opening 22 is formed is inclined. For example, the ceiling plate 21 is not formed on the ceiling plate 21a but is formed on a single plane. May be.

  It is preferable that a rubber packing 25 having elasticity is stuck on the entire periphery of the portion of the canopy 24 that overlaps the edge of the second opening 22. When the canopy 24 is closed, the packing 25 is sandwiched between the canopy 24 and the edge of the second opening 22. Thereby, the communication in the 2nd opening 22 is interrupted | blocked, and liquid tightness and airtightness are maintained. Even if water produced by snowmelt or the like passes through the second opening 22, if the bottom lid 14 is closed, the water that has passed through the drain pipe 36, which will be described later, does not flow into the building. There is no problem because it is drained.

  A handle (not shown) is preferably attached to the front and back surfaces of the canopy 24. In this case, the canopy 24 can be opened and closed from either the front or back surface. It is preferable that a stay (not shown) with a locking mechanism similar to the bottom lid 14 is attached between the ceiling plate 21b and the canopy 24.

  Of the side plates 31, the side plate 31 (the left side plate 31 in FIG. 2) continuous with the long side of the ceiling plate 21 a is formed with a third opening 32 formed in a vertically long rectangle. preferable. The third opening 32 is formed in a size that allows a person to bend and pass. The third opening 32 is provided with a rectangular one-sided door 34 that is fixed to the side plate 31 by a hinge 33 and that is rotatable about the axis of the hinge 33. The shapes of the third opening 32 and the single door 34 are not limited to those described above.

  It is preferable that a rubber packing 35 having elasticity is stuck on the entire periphery of the portion of the rear surface of the door 34 that overlaps the edge of the third opening 32. When the door 34 is closed, the packing 35 is sandwiched between the door 34 and the edge of the third opening 32. Thereby, the communication in the 3rd opening 32 is interrupted | blocked, and liquid tightness and airtightness are maintained. Even if water generated by snowmelt or the like passes through the third opening 32, if the bottom lid 14 is closed, the passed water is drained from a drain pipe 36 described later without flowing into the building. So there is no problem.

  A handle 34a (only the front surface is shown in FIG. 1) is attached to the front and back surfaces of the door 34, and the door 34 can be opened and closed from either the front or back surface.

  The side plate 31 in which the third opening 32 is formed is provided with a locking tool 39 on each of the upper end and the lower end (one in the upper end and two in the lower end in FIG. 1). preferable. The locking tool 39 is formed by bending round steel into a U-shape. As will be described later, the locking tool 39 is for locking the hook of the safety belt. The locking tool 39 may be anything that can lock the hook of the safety belt, and may be, for example, a plate formed with a hole, or a commercially available eyebolt or eyenut. The quantity of the locking tool 39 can be changed as appropriate.

  A nipple penetrates and is fixed to the lower end of the side plate 31 in which the third opening 32 is formed, and an elbow opens to the bottom plate 11 side at the end exposed to the outside of the roof hatch 10 of the nipple. It is preferable that it is fixed toward. The nipple and the elbow constitute a drain pipe 36. Even when the snow adhering to the clothes falls into the roof hatch 10 during the work, the water melted on the bottom plate 11 is discharged from the drain pipe 36 to the outside of the roof hatch 10.

  Under the drain pipe 36, it is preferable that a first rod 41 formed in a U-shape extending in the width direction and the front-rear direction of the roof hatch 10 is provided. It is preferable that the first rod 41 is fixed to the side plate 31 while being inclined so as to be parallel to the roof 70. Due to the presence of the first fence 41, it is possible to prevent snow from being accumulated at the boundary between the roof hatch 10 and the roof 70. Further, the water discharged from the drain pipe 36 flows down on the surface of the first rod 41 and falls on the roof 70 from the tip of the first rod 41. It is preferable that the first rod 41 has a pressure resistance against snow accumulation and has a strength to withstand even if an operator gets on top.

  It is preferable that a second flange 42 extending over the entire width direction of the side plate 31 is provided on the body of the side plate 31 facing the side plate 31 in which the third opening 32 is formed. The second flange 42 is preferably fixed with an inclination such that the end fixed to the side plate 31 is on the top and the other end is on the bottom. It is preferable that the second ridge 42 has pressure resistance against snow accumulation and has a strength that does not cause deformation even when an operator rides on the second ridge 42.

  It is preferable that a raising / lowering trap 43 is provided on at least one inner wall of the side plate 31 other than the side plate 31 in which the third opening 32 is formed. As will be described later, the trap 43 can be used as a scaffold when an operator goes out of the roof hatch 10 from the canopy 24.

  Next, the fastener 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The fastener 50 is an iron fitting formed in a horseshoe shape, for example. The fastener 50 is rust-proofed. The fastener 50 has a split structure, a pair of center plates 51 constituting the main body, a side plate 52 constituting the main body connected to the center plate 51, a clamp 53 connected to the side plate 52, And a spacer 54a sandwiched between the center plates 51. The center plate 51 and the side plate 52 constitute the main body of the fastener 50. The clamp 53 is provided at one end portion between the two side plates 52, 52 and is attached so as to be swingable around a shaft 53e penetrating the shaft hole 52b.

  Bolt holes 51a and 52a are formed in the center plate 51 and the side plate 52, respectively, and are fastened with bolts. The center plate 51 is formed with four bolt holes 51a, and the side plate 52 is formed with three bolt holes 52a. Since the number of bolt holes is different from each other, the fixing position of the side plate 52 with respect to the center plate 51 can be slid, and the fastener 50 can be expanded and contracted in accordance with the place to be fixed. The number of bolt holes 51a and 52a is not limited to the above. Since the number of the bolt holes 51a and 52a varies depending on the size of the fastener 50 and the pitch dimension of the bolt holes 51a and 52a, the number varies depending on the type of the fastener 50.

  The center plate 51 is formed with a locking hole 51b for fixing the shackle S. As will be described later, a hook of a safety belt is locked to the shackle S. It is also possible to use the bolt hole 52a of the side plate 52 for fixing the shackle S instead of the locking hole 51b. The lower the mounting position of the shackle S is, the smaller the rotational moment acting on the fastener 50 is. Therefore, when the lower bolt hole 52a remains, the shackle S is positioned at a lower position using the bolt hole 52a. It is preferable to fix to.

  A spacer 54a (and / or spacer 54b) can be sandwiched between the center plates 51 and 51. Since the spacers 54a and 54b are for adjusting the width, a plurality of spacers may be interposed, and one spacer may not be interposed. The spacer 54a of the type shown in FIG. 3 has both flange surfaces parallel to each other. On the other hand, in the spacer 54b of the type shown in FIG. 5, both flange surfaces are not parallel and are slightly opened in a “C” shape. Therefore, when the short side of the spacer 54b is directed to the inside of the fastener 50 (see FIG. 5A), and when the long side of the spacer 54b is directed to the falling side of the fastener 50 (FIG. 5B). )), The distance between the clamps 53 can be varied by changing the degree of curvature.

  The clamp 53 includes a shoe 53a, a shoe mounting plate 53b in which the shoe 53a is fastened with a bolt (not shown) and an end thereof is bent in an L shape, and one end thereof is freely rotatable with respect to the back surface of the shoe mounting plate 53b. A screw 53c provided with a hexagon head for rotation at the other end, a trunnion 53d into which the screw 53c is inserted in a freely rotatable manner, shafts 53e erected on both sides of the trunnion 53d, and a lock A nut 53f. The shoe 53a is made of rubber having elasticity, and the shoe mounting plate 53b, the screw 53c, the trunnion 53d, the shaft 53e and the lock nut 53f are made of iron, and their surfaces are plated for rust prevention. It is preferable. Alternatively, the shoe mounting plate 53b, the screw 53c, the trunnion 53d, the shaft 53e, and the lock nut 53f may be made of stainless steel. In this case, these parts are not rusted, and maintenance management is facilitated.

  When the hexagonal head of the screw 53c is rotated with a spanner or the like, the shoe 53a moves in the axial direction of the screw 53c. As described above, since the screw 53c is fixed to the shoe mounting plate 53b for fixing the shoe 53a so as to be rotatable about its axis, the screw 53c is rotated when the shoe 53a hits an object. However, the shoe 53a and the shoe mounting plate 53b do not rotate.

  Next, a method for attaching the roof hatch 10 to the roof 70 will be described with reference to FIG. In the roof 70, an opening 91a penetrating the field board 91 is formed in advance in the vicinity of the ridge 71, for example, and a wooden frame 93 having a beam 92 as a base is assembled through the opening. The boundary between the wooden frame 93 and the base plate 91 is waterproofed to prevent water from entering the building from the boundary. Then, the roof hatch 10 is placed on the wooden frame 93 so that the door 34 faces the lower end of the inclination of the roof 70, and then the lower end portion of the roof hatch 10 is fixed to the wooden frame 93 with bolts. In a state where the roof hatch 10 is attached to the roof 70, the second ridge 42 covers the crown tile 72. Thereby, it is avoided that snow accumulates between the crown tile 72 and the roof hatch 10. The attachment position of the roof hatch 10 to the roof 70 is not limited to the vicinity of the ridge 71. Moreover, although the roof 70 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is provided with the inclination, the flat roof 70 which is not provided with the inclination may be sufficient.

  Next, a method for fixing the fastener 50 to the roof 70 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the screw 53c is rotated to retract the shoe 53a. Next, the fastener 50 is disposed so as to straddle the crown tile 72. Next, the screw 53c is rotated in the opposite direction, and the shoe 53a is advanced toward the roof tile 73 provided to overlap the crown tile 72. When the shoe 53a is pressed against the roof tile 73 and the screw 53c does not rotate any more with a predetermined tightening torque, the lock 53 is fixed by tightening the lock nut 53f, and the fastener 50 is attached. Complete. The fastener 50 is fixed in a state where the roof tile 73 is sandwiched. The shoe mounting plate 53b is preferably L-shaped, and in this case, it is preferable to hook the claw (folded portion) of the shoe mounting plate 53b on the bottom roof tile 73 as shown in FIG.

  Another method of fixing the fastener 50 to the roof 70 is shown in FIG. In the above-described method, the roof tile 73 is sandwiched by the shoe 53a. In this method, the plaster 75 provided between the lower portion of the roof tile 73 and the upper surface of the roof tile is sandwiched by the shoe 53a. . When the fastener 50 is fixed to the roof 70 by this method, it is preferable not to provide a claw on the shoe attachment plate 53b. In addition, when the plaster 75 is loose and unstable, the mortar is re-stripped or reinforced with a pad. You may comprise the part equivalent to the plaster 75 with waterproof mortar etc.

  A plurality of fasteners 50 are attached to the roof 70 at equal intervals. The interval between the fasteners 50 is set to an interval that allows the hooks of the safety belt to be safely reattached. The quantity of the fasteners 50 is determined according to the size of the roof 70 (the length of the ridge 71).

  As described above, the fastening of the fastener 50 to the roof 70 is merely to hold the ridge tile with the shoe 53a, and therefore, processing to the roof 70 for attachment is not required.

  For the crown tile 72 and the roof tile 73, a fixing method in which a copper wire fixed to the purlin of the roof 70 is vertically extended and the roof tile 73 and the crown tile 72 are penetrated and bound, or A fixing method is generally performed in which a shape steel is placed on the top and the shape steel is bound with a copper wire.

  The roof tile is required to have enough strength to withstand even if the worker falls and the fastener 50 is pulled suddenly. Judgment as to whether or not the roof tile has the required strength is made according to the size of the roof tile, the fixing method, the degree of aging, the state of the plaster 75, and the like. If strength is insufficient, necessary measures will be taken. Although it is conceivable to perform a destructive test in order to confirm the strength of the roof tiles, it is difficult and practical to perform a destructive test on all the roof tiles. Therefore, it is conceivable to reduce the load applied to the fastener 50. As a specific method, for example, it is conceivable to lock the safety belt to the fastener 50 through an elastic member such as a spring or a rubber rope. By taking such measures, it is possible to avoid applying an excessive load momentarily to the fastener 50 and to reduce the impact received by the operator.

  Further, in order to avoid a concentrated load being applied to a part of the roof tile, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, two fasteners 50 arranged apart from each other are connected to a pair of long pipes 55. The hook of the safety belt may be locked to the locking fitting 55a provided on the long pipe 55. The long pipe 55 is supported by a pipe clamp 56 attached to the side plate 52. The pipe clamp 56 is fixed to the side plate 52 by a clamp support bolt 56a so as to be rotatable about the clamp support bolt 56a. It is preferable that the locking metal fitting 55a is provided at a position where the distances to the two metal fittings 50, 50 are equal. As a result, the load applied to each fastener 50 is halved at the time of non-connection.

  Even when the strength of the roof tile is sufficient, if the fasteners 50 are connected by the long pipe 55 and the hook of the safety belt is locked to the long pipe 55, the worker in the direction along the roof 71 of the roof 70 The range of movement can be expanded and the number of fasteners 50 can be reduced. In this case, it is preferable not to provide the latch 55a on the long pipe 55. Thereby, it is avoided that the hook of the safety belt is caught by the locking fitting 55a, and the movement can be performed smoothly.

  The fastener 50 may remain attached to the roof 70 throughout the year, or may be attached to the roof 70 before winter and removed from the roof 70 after the winter has passed. Moreover, you may attach at the time of construction of a building. In any case, since it is not always used, a pre-use inspection must be implemented.

  Next, a snow removal method using the snow removal device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Before the amount of snow reaches the canopy 24 of the roof hatch 10, the worker climbs up to the vicinity of the bottom plate 11 of the roof hatch 10 by using an elevator such as a permanent ladder or a folding ladder provided in the building. The lid 14 is opened to enter the roof hatch 10 through the first opening 12. Once inside the roof hatch 10, the canopy 24 is opened. Since the hinge 23 of the canopy 24 is on the lower side of the slope, when the canopy 24 is opened, the snow accumulated on the canopy 24 slides on the canopy 24 and falls on the roof 70. Since the ceiling plate 21 is inclined with respect to the horizontal bottom plate 11, it is difficult for snow to accumulate on the canopy 24.

  When the canopy 24 is opened, the climber 43 is climbed up using the trap 43 as a foothold, and the hook of the safety belt is locked to the locking tool 39, and then comes out on the roof 70 from the second opening 22. If the amount of snow in front of the door 34 is small when the canopy 24 is opened and the surrounding area of the roof hatch 10 is small, snow can be opened so that the door 34 can be opened by using a scoop from inside the roof hatch 10. Remove it. Thereby, it is not necessary to exit from the second opening 22, and it is possible to exit from the third opening 32 onto the roof 70.

  When the amount of snow on the periphery of the roof hatch 10 is large, an operator who has come out of the roof hatch 10 from the second opening 22 first removes the snow accumulated in front of the door 34 so that the door 34 can be opened and closed. . By making the door 34 openable and closable, subsequent workers can get out of the third opening 32 onto the roof 70. For example, it is conceivable that the father first exits on the roof 70 from the second opening 22 and the subsequent mother or child exits on the roof 70 from the third opening 32. Moreover, even when snow is removed alone, the door 34 can be opened and closed, so that tools can be easily taken in and out.

  The worker removes snow around the roof hatch 10 within a range where the safety belt can reach. When the snow around the roof hatch 10 has been lowered, the safety belt is re-engaged with the shackle S of the fastener 50 closest to the roof hatch 10 and the snow is lowered within the reach of the safety belt.

  In a state where snow is piled up, the fastener 50 is hidden under the snow. However, if the distance from the roof hatch 10 at the time of attachment of the fastener 50 is recorded, the discovery of the fastener 50 is not so difficult. After that, the snow of the entire roof 70 is lowered while changing the fastener 50 for locking the safety belt. When the snow removal of the entire roof 70 is completed, the roof hatch 10 is returned to the inside of the building while changing the fastener 50 for locking the safety belt.

  The above-described snow removal method is an example of snow removal after the amount of snow on the roof 70 has increased. When the amount of snow on the roof 70 is large, the snow is tightened, so the snow is dropped while cutting the snow with a scoop. On the other hand, when the amount of snow on the roof 70 is still small and the snow is loose, as shown in FIG. 9, the high pressure washer 101 is used to crush the snow with water pressure and remove the snow on the roof 70 while melting the snow. It is also possible to do. The high pressure washer 101 includes a water discharge gun 101a. The purpose of the use of the high-pressure washing machine 101 is to remove mud adhering to construction machines, to remove mortar adhering to formwork and plywood, and recently it is also used for radioactive decontamination work and has a wide range of uses .

  A snow removal method using the high-pressure washer 101 will be described with reference to FIG. The worker exits from the roof hatch 10 onto the roof 70. When the snow has not reached the lower end of the door 34, the door 34 is opened and comes out on the roof 70 from the third opening 32. When the snow cover exceeds the lower end of the door 34, the canopy 24 is opened and the second opening 22 comes out on the roof. When it comes out on the roof 70, the locking tool 39 and the fastener 50 are used to spray water with a high-pressure washing machine while ensuring safety with a safety belt.

  Water melted on the roof 70 and water from the water spray flow down the rain gutter 74. Normally, the water flows on the ground or drainage groove, but the water is received by the water storage tank 102, the stored water is pumped up by the submersible pump 103, and jetted from the high pressure washer 101. Thereby, the water bill can be saved. It is preferable that the discharge amount of the submersible pump 103 exceeds the discharge amount of the high pressure washer 101. The water channel 104 from the submersible pump 103 to the high-pressure washing machine 101 may be a hose passed through the building or a pipe provided in the building. By providing the water channel 104 in the building, there is no need to place a water tank on the roof 70, thereby making preparation lighter.

  The operation / stop of the high pressure washer 101 and the submersible pump 103 is preferably switched by an operation switch 105 connected to the high pressure washer 101. Thereby, idling of the high pressure washer 101 and the submersible pump 103 without water is prevented.

  As described above, according to the roof hatch 10 of the present embodiment, it is easy to go up to the roof 70. As a result, it is possible to carry out snow removal by itself without requesting a contractor. If the frequency of snow removal increases, the amount of snow on the roof 70 decreases, so that it is not a heavy labor snow removal using a scoop but a light work snow removal by watering. In addition, in the case of snow removal by watering, the snow melts and becomes water, so the processing of the snow dropped from the roof becomes a light work.

  Since the snow-lowering operation is performed using the fastener 50 together with the roof hatch 10, the safety belt can be always locked during the operation. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a fall accident during the snow lowering operation.

  Since the second opening 22 is formed in the ceiling plate 21 of the roof hatch 10, the canopy 24 is opened from the second opening 22 to the roof 70, even when the periphery of the roof hatch 10 is surrounded by snow. You can get above 80. Further, in the installed state of the roof hatch 10, the ceiling plate 21 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, so that it is difficult for snow to accumulate on the canopy 24, whereby the canopy 24 can be easily opened and closed.

  Since the locking tool 39 is fixed to the upper end portion of the side plate 31, the safety band hook can be locked to the locking tool 39 before it comes out of the second opening 22 onto the roof.

  In addition, this invention can be implemented in various aspects, without being limited to the described embodiment.

  For example, the clamp 53 of the fastener 50 may be configured like a clamp 153 of a modified example shown in FIG. The clamp 153 of the modified example has a shoe 153a, a shoe mounting plate 153b in which the shoe 153a is fastened with a bolt (not shown) and an end is bent in an L shape, and one end fixed to the back surface of the shoe mounting plate 153b. A guide rod 153c having a male screw formed at the other end, an adjustment pipe 153d through which the guide rod 153c is inserted, a trunnion 153e in which a female screw hole as a through hole is formed, and both sides of the trunnion 153e. A shaft (not shown), a thrust screw 153f which is a male screw having a through hole formed in the axial direction and provided with a hexagon head at one end, a lock nut 153g attached to the thrust screw 153f, and a guide rod A drop-off prevention nut 153h attached to the male screw 153c. The shoe 153a and the shoe attachment plate 153b are the same as the shoe 53a and the shoe attachment plate 53b described above.

  A method for assembling the clamp 153 will be described. First, the shoe 153a is fixed to the front surface of the shoe mounting plate 153b with a bolt (not shown). Next, the adjustment pipe 153d is inserted into the guide rod 153c. Next, after attaching the lock nut 153g to the thrust screw 153f, the thrust screw 153f is screwed into the trunnion 153e. Next, the guide rod 153c is inserted into the thrust screw 153f from the side where the hexagon head is not provided. The clamp 153 is completed when the drop-off prevention nut 153h is screwed into the tip of the guide bar 153c so that the guide bar 153c does not fall out of the thrust screw 153f.

  When the trunnion 153e is attached to the side plate 52, the trunnion 153e is swingable about the shaft with respect to the side plate 52, and the guide bar 153c is rotatable with respect to the trunnion 153e. After the position of the shoe 153a is determined, when the thrust screw 153f is screwed and locked by the lock nut 153g, the fastener 50 is fixed to the roof tile in a stable state.

  Moreover, you may comprise the fastener 50 like the fastener 60 of the modification shown in FIG. The fastener 50 described above is used for the roof 70 including the crown tile 72, but the fastener 60 according to the modified example is used for the roof 80 including the ridge wrap 81. Although the roof 80 shown in FIG. 11 is provided with an inclination, it may be a flat roof 80 without an inclination. As shown in FIG. 11, the fastener 60 is a bracket formed in a square shape. The fastener 60 has a divided structure, and includes a center fitting 61, a pair of center plates 62, a pair of side plates 63, a pair of pressing bolts 64, and a lock nut 65. The center plate 62 and the side plate 63 constitute the main body of the fastener 60.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the center metal fitting 61 has a trapezoidal shape, and the center metal fitting 61 has two bolt holes 61a for fastening with the center plate 62 and bolts and one latch for passing the shackle S. The holes 61b are formed so as to cross each other.

  The center plate 62 is an L-shaped bracket whose one end is bent at an angle such that a commercially available taper washer can be used for the bolt and nut when the center bracket 61 is clamped. Two bolt holes (not shown) for fastening to the metal fitting 61 are formed, and holes (not shown) for fastening to the side plate 63 are formed at the end on the long side. The hole for fastening with the side plate 63 is formed with a hole for adjustment in addition to the hole actually used for fastening. By changing the hole through which the bolt passes, the fixing position of the side plate 63 with respect to the center plate 62 is changed. Thereby, the width of the fastener 60 changes. In order to change the mounting dimensions of the fastener 60, it is important that the bolts and nuts are tightened by using a torque wrench when the bolts are repositioned or in a similar manner.

  The side plate 63 is an L-shaped metal fitting with one end bent, and a bolt hole (not shown) for fastening with the center plate 62 is formed at the end on the long side, and at the center on the short side. One tap hole (not shown) through which the holding bolt 64 passes is formed. It is preferable that a rubber buffer cap 64 a having elasticity is attached to the tip of the holding bolt 64.

  A flat washer 66 a (see FIG. 13A) can be sandwiched between the center metal fitting 61 and the center plate 62. Thereby, the width of the fastener 60 can be expanded. In addition to or instead of the flat washer 66a, a wedge-shaped tapered washer 66b (see FIG. 13B) can be sandwiched. By sandwiching the taper washer 66b, in addition to increasing the width, the angle θ (hereinafter referred to as “the included angle”) θ formed by the center plates 62 can be changed. Specifically, when the tapered washer 66b is sandwiched so that the wide side is on the upper side in FIG. 11, the included angle θ is reduced, and the tapered washer 66b is placed on the wide side on the upper side in FIG. When sandwiched so that, the sandwiching angle θ becomes large.

  When fixing the fastener 60 to the roof 70, the ridge 81 is sandwiched by the holding bolt 64. In this state, the lock nut 65 is tightened to prevent the holding bolt 64 from loosening. The fastener 60 is used in the same manner as the fastener 50 described above. A shackle S is attached to the center bracket 61 and a hook of a safety belt is locked to the shackle S for use.

  In addition, in embodiment, although the roof hatch 10 is used for the snow lowering instrument 1, you may use as an inspection opening of the roof 70 not only in this but in the area other than a snowfall period or other than a snowy area. Providing the roof hatch 10 facilitates inspection of facilities provided on the roof 70 such as solar panels, water towers, and antennas, and also facilitates inspection and repair of the roof 70 itself.

  In the embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the roof hatch 10 is a square, but may be other cross-sectional shapes, for example, a circle.

  Further, in the embodiment, the horseshoe-shaped fastener 50 or the C-shaped fastener 60 is used, but the shape of the fasteners 50, 60 is not limited thereto. It can be appropriately changed according to the shape of the roof 70 ridge.

  In the embodiment, the shackle S is attached to the fasteners 50 and 60 and the hook of the safety belt is locked to the shackle S. However, instead of the shackle S, an eye bolt or an eye nut may be attached. Further, the safety band hook may be directly locked to the fasteners 50 and 60.

  In the embodiment, the housing of the roof hatch 10 is configured integrally in the vertical direction, but as shown in FIG. 14, it may have a divided structure that is divided into an upper housing 10a and a lower housing 10b. In that case, after the lower housing 10b is fixed to the wooden frame 93, the lower flange of the upper housing 10a is connected to the upper flange of the lower housing 10b by bolts and nuts or the like. When the roof hatch 10 is divided, the upper housing 10a and the lower housing 10b of the roof hatch 10 can be exchanged separately.

  In addition, when the roof hatch 10 is divided, the upper housing 10a can be mass-produced, so that the cost can be suppressed. On the other hand, the lower housing 10b needs to be manufactured in accordance with the gradient of the roofs 70 and 80, so that it needs to be designed as an accessory each time. However, if the roofs 70 and 80 are not inclined and are flat, the lower housing 10b can also be mass-produced. Another advantage of dividing the roof hatch 10 is that the weight reaching 186 kg, for example, in the case of an integral structure can be reduced to 100 kg or less for each component alone. If the weight is 100 kg or less, equipment for raising and lowering the loading platform on the ladder and commercially available equipment for constructing the solar power generation system can be used for the work of lifting the roof hatch 10 to the roof 70. Furthermore, with only the lower housing 10b attached to the roofs 70 and 80, it is possible to carry out contact with the building and waterproof construction of the field board 91, and installation work is facilitated.

  In addition, it is possible to appropriately change the detailed configuration within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Snow lowering tool 10 Roof hatch 10a Upper housing | casing 10b Lower housing | casing 11 Bottom plate 12 1st opening 13 Hinge 14 Bottom lid 15 Packing 21 Ceiling plate 21a Ceiling plate 21b Ceiling plate 22 2nd opening 23 Hinge 24 Canopy 25 Packing 31 side Face plate (peripheral plate)
32 Third opening 33 Hinge 34 Door 34a Handle 35 Packing 36 Drain pipe (drainage passage)
39 Locking tool (locking part)
41 First rod 42 Second rod 43 Trapp 50 Fastener 51 Center plate (main body)
51a Bolt hole 51b Locking hole 52 Side plate (main part)
52a Bolt hole 53b Shaft hole 53 Clamp 53a Shoe 53b Shoe mounting plate 53c Screw 53d Trunnion 53e Shaft 53f Lock nut 54a Spacer 54b Spacer 55 Long pipe 55a Locking bracket 56 Pipe clamp 56a Clamp support bolt 60 Locking bracket 61 Center bracket 61a Bolt hole 61b Locking hole 62 Center plate (main part)
63 Side plate (main part)
64 holding bolt 64a buffer cap 65 lock nut 66a flat washer 66b taper washer 70 roof 71 building 72 crown tile 73 roof tile 74 gutter 75 plaster 80 roof 81 building wrap 91 field plate 91a opening 92 beam 93 wooden frame 101 high pressure washer 101a Water gun 102 Water storage tank 103 Submersible pump 104 Water channel 105 Operation switch 153 Clamp 153a Shoe 153b Shoe mounting plate 153c Guide rod 153d Adjustment pipe 153e Trunnion 153f Thrust screw 153g Lock nut 153h Falling prevention nut

Claims (6)

A roof hatch standing over a through hole formed in the roof of the building,
A bottom plate having a first opening of a size that allows a person to pass therethrough,
A ceiling plate that forms a ceiling surface on which a second opening of a size that allows a person to pass is formed;
An outer peripheral plate that forms an outer peripheral surface by connecting the bottom plate and the ceiling plate;
A bottom lid provided in the first opening so as to be openable and closable, which blocks communication in the first opening in the closed state;
A canopy provided in the second opening so as to be openable and closable;
A drainage passage provided near the upper surface of the bottom plate and penetrating a lower end portion of the outer peripheral plate, and discharging water on the bottom plate to the outside;
A roof hatch characterized by comprising: The outer peripheral plate is formed with a third opening large enough for a person to pass through,
The door further includes a door that can be opened and closed in the third opening.
The roof hatch according to claim 1. A locking portion for locking the safety belt;
The roof hatch according to claim 1, wherein the roof hatch is provided. A pair of clamps holding the roof ridge,
A main body composed of at least two members that connect the pair of clamps, and
The body part is
Having a locking part for locking the safety belt,
It is assembled by fastening the members with fastening parts,
By changing the fastening position by the fastening parts, it is possible to change the distance between both clamps,
Fasteners characterized by that. Further comprising a spacer sandwiched between members of the main body,
The fastener according to claim 4. In the spacer, both joint surfaces with the member of the main body are arranged in a C shape,
The fastener according to claim 5.

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