JP2014100809A - Vehicular decorative component having black plating film and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Vehicular decorative component having black plating film and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2014100809A
JP2014100809A JP2012252656A JP2012252656A JP2014100809A JP 2014100809 A JP2014100809 A JP 2014100809A JP 2012252656 A JP2012252656 A JP 2012252656A JP 2012252656 A JP2012252656 A JP 2012252656A JP 2014100809 A JP2014100809 A JP 2014100809A
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black
plating layer
layer
plating
resin
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Masayuki Kitashiba
真之 北芝
Yosuke Maruoka
洋介 丸岡
Naoyasu Ido
尚泰 井土
Yushi Hotta
祐志 堀田
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Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicular decorative component which has a black-colored appearance and is hardly damaged, and to provide a method for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: The vehicular decorative component comprises: a resin substrate 4; a base plating layer 2 stacked on the resin substrate 4; and a black plating layer 1 stacked on the base plating layer 2, and has the black plating layer 1 that is formed so as to be an outermost layer. The method for manufacturing the vehicular decorative component comprises: a step of stacking the base plating layer 2 on a surface of the resin substrate 4; a step of stacking the black plating layer 1 formed of a cobalt-chromium based alloy, on the base plating layer 2; a step of subjecting a surface of the black plating layer 1 to acid dipping treatment to form a black film layer 1a; and a step of passivating the black film layer 1a.

Description

本発明は、樹脂基材の表面に、黒色めっき皮膜を有する車両用加飾部品及びその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle decorative part having a black plating film on the surface of a resin substrate and a method for producing the same.

自動車や家電製品等の分野では、意匠性などの観点から黒色の外観を有する基板のニーズが高まっている。従来では、黒色を有する車両用加飾部品を製造するために、亜鉛或いは亜鉛合金製等の金属基材や熱可塑性樹脂や熱硬化性樹脂等の樹脂基材に3価クロム等を主成分とする金属めっきを施して黒色めっき層を形成する方法が提案されている。しかし、3価クロム等を主成分とする黒色めっき層基板の表面は金属光沢のある銀白色のスモーク調の色調となることから、深みのある漆黒調の黒色を表現するためには、金属めっき層表面にさらに黒色の樹脂塗膜を塗装する必要がある。つまり、従来の黒色を有する車両用加飾部品は、図2に示すように、樹脂基材或いは金属基材13上にクロム等の金属を含む黒色の金属めっき層12を積層し、その上層にさらに樹脂塗膜11が塗装された構造となっている。   In the fields of automobiles and home appliances, there is an increasing need for substrates having a black appearance from the viewpoint of design and the like. Conventionally, in order to manufacture a decorative part for a vehicle having a black color, trivalent chromium or the like is mainly contained in a metal base material such as zinc or a zinc alloy, or a resin base material such as a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. A method of forming a black plating layer by performing metal plating is proposed. However, since the surface of the black plating layer substrate mainly composed of trivalent chromium has a silvery and white smoke tone with a metallic luster, metal plating is necessary to express a deep jet black tone. It is necessary to paint a black resin coating on the surface of the layer. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a conventional decorative part for a vehicle having a black color is formed by laminating a black metal plating layer 12 containing a metal such as chromium on a resin base material or a metal base material 13, and forming an upper layer thereof. Furthermore, it has the structure where the resin coating film 11 was painted.

特許文献1には、樹脂基材に金属めっき層としてのクロムめっき層を積層し、その表面に黒色透明感を付与するためのスモーククリア層をスプレー塗装した車両ラジエータグリルが記載されている。また、特許文献2には、亜鉛合金めっき基材に亜鉛−ニッケル−クロムで構成される黒色めっき層を積層し、その表面をクロム酸塩で被覆(クロメート処理)するとともに、さらにその上層に樹脂被膜層を被覆した黒色めっき基板が記載されている。   Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle radiator grill in which a chromium plating layer as a metal plating layer is laminated on a resin base material and a smoke clear layer is spray-coated on the surface to give a black transparent feeling. In Patent Document 2, a black plating layer composed of zinc-nickel-chromium is laminated on a zinc alloy plating base, and the surface is coated with chromate (chromate treatment), and further, a resin is formed on the upper layer. A black plated substrate coated with a coating layer is described.

特開2002−240189号公報JP 2002-240189 A 特開平6−316774号公報JP-A-6-316774

しかし、金属めっき層12の表面を樹脂塗膜11により塗装したこれら黒色めっき部品を車両用加飾部品に適用した場合、車両走行時の飛び石等により、樹脂塗膜11が部分的に剥がれてしまうといった問題があった。これは、金属めっき層12が無機物であるのに対し樹脂塗膜11が有機物であることから両者の間の密着性が低いこと、飛び石等の衝撃による応力に対し無機物と有機物とではその歪み収縮量に差があること、等が原因となっていると考えられる。また、金属めっき層12の表面に樹脂塗膜11を施すことにより金属めっき層12の金属光沢が被覆されてしまい、車両用加飾部品表面の十分な光輝性が得られないといった問題もあった。さらに、樹脂塗膜11の塗装工程において、塗装条件や塗装膜厚により塗料が平滑になりきれずにいわゆるゆず肌が生じたり、塗料が樹脂塗膜11の端で溜まりとなって製品に不必要な厚み部分が生じたりする場合があり、車両用加飾部品としての外観色調が低下するといった問題もあった。そして、これらいずれもが、車両用加飾部品の意匠性の低下の大きな要因となっていた。   However, when these black plated parts in which the surface of the metal plating layer 12 is coated with the resin coating 11 are applied to a vehicle decorative part, the resin coating 11 is partially peeled off due to a stepping stone or the like when the vehicle is running. There was a problem. This is because the metal coating layer 12 is an inorganic substance while the resin coating film 11 is an organic substance, so that the adhesion between the two is low. It is thought that this is due to the difference in quantity. Moreover, the metallic luster of the metal plating layer 12 is covered by applying the resin coating film 11 to the surface of the metal plating layer 12, and there is a problem that sufficient glitter on the surface of the vehicle decorative component cannot be obtained. . Furthermore, in the coating process of the resin coating film 11, the paint does not become smooth due to the coating conditions and the coating film thickness, so-called distorted skin occurs, or the paint accumulates at the edge of the resin coating film 11 and is not necessary for the product. In some cases, a thick part may be generated, and the appearance color tone as a decorative part for a vehicle is lowered. And all of these have been a major factor in the deterioration of the design of the decorative parts for vehicles.

本発明は、これら従来技術における課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、黒色外観色調で傷のつきにくい車両用加飾部品及びその製造方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made in view of these problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle decorative part that is hard to be scratched with a black appearance color tone and a method for manufacturing the same.

上記課題を解決するために、車両用加飾部品は、樹脂基材と、前記樹脂基材上に積層された下地めっき層と、前記下地めっき層に積層された黒色めっき層と、を有し、前記黒色めっき層が最外層に形成される。   In order to solve the above problems, a decorative part for a vehicle has a resin base material, a base plating layer laminated on the resin base material, and a black plating layer laminated on the base plating layer. The black plating layer is formed as the outermost layer.

この構成によれば、無機物である黒色めっき層の表面に有機物である樹脂塗膜が存在しないため、無機物と有機物との密着性不良に基づく樹脂塗膜の剥がれといった問題が生じることがない。また、樹脂塗膜特有のゆず肌、溜まりが発生することがなく、車両用加飾部品の外観色調が良好となる。さらに、黒色めっき層が最外層に形成されていることから、黒色めっき層特有の黒色の色調、金属めっき層特有の光輝性を直接表出させることができ、意匠性に優れた車両用加飾部品を提供することができる。   According to this configuration, since the resin coating film that is an organic substance does not exist on the surface of the black plating layer that is an inorganic substance, there is no problem of peeling of the resin coating film due to poor adhesion between the inorganic substance and the organic substance. Further, the skin color and puddle peculiar to the resin coating film do not occur, and the appearance color tone of the decorative part for a vehicle is improved. Furthermore, since the black plating layer is formed as the outermost layer, the black color tone unique to the black plating layer and the glitter unique to the metal plating layer can be directly expressed, and the vehicle decoration with excellent design characteristics Parts can be provided.

好ましくは、前記黒色めっき層のL値が45以下である。
好ましくは、前記黒色めっき層は、コバルトクロム系合金からなる。
好ましくは、前記黒色めっき層の表層部分には、酸化コバルト層が形成されている。
Preferably, the L value of the black plating layer is 45 or less.
Preferably, the black plating layer is made of a cobalt chromium alloy.
Preferably, a cobalt oxide layer is formed on the surface layer portion of the black plating layer.

上記課題を解決するために、車両用加飾部品の製造方法は、樹脂基材表面に下地めっき層を積層する工程と、前記下地めっき層にコバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層を積層する工程と、前記黒色めっき層の表面に酸浸漬処理を施して黒色皮膜層を形成する工程と、前記黒色皮膜層の不動態化を行う工程と、を有する。   In order to solve the above problems, a method for manufacturing a decorative part for a vehicle includes a step of laminating a base plating layer on the surface of a resin base material, and a step of laminating a black plating layer made of a cobalt chromium alloy on the base plating layer And a step of subjecting the surface of the black plating layer to an acid immersion treatment to form a black coating layer, and a step of passivating the black coating layer.

本発明の車両用加飾部品によれば、黒色外観色調で傷がつきにくい。また、本発明の車両用加飾部品の製造方法によれば黒色外観色調で傷がつきにくい車両用加飾部品を得ることができる。   According to the decorative part for a vehicle of the present invention, the black appearance color tone is hardly damaged. Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of the decorative component for vehicles of this invention, the decorative component for vehicles which is hard to be damaged with a black external color tone can be obtained.

実施形態の黒色めっき基板の断面構成を示した模式図The schematic diagram which showed the cross-sectional structure of the black plating board | substrate of embodiment. 従来の黒色めっき基板の断面構成を示した模式図。The schematic diagram which showed the cross-sectional structure of the conventional black plating board | substrate.

本発明の一実施形態を車両用加飾部品であるラジエータグリルに具体化して説明する。
図1に示すように、ラジエータグリルは、樹脂基材4と、前記樹脂基材4に導電性を施すために積層された無電解ニッケルめっき層3と、無電解ニッケルめっき層3上に積層された下地めっき層2と、前記下地めっき層2上に積層された黒色めっき層1とを有する黒色めっき基板として構成されている。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with a radiator grill as a decorative part for a vehicle.
As shown in FIG. 1, the radiator grille is laminated on a resin base material 4, an electroless nickel plating layer 3 laminated to give conductivity to the resin base material 4, and the electroless nickel plating layer 3. The base plating layer 2 and the black plating layer 1 laminated on the base plating layer 2 are configured as a black plating substrate.

樹脂基材4を構成する材料は、特に限定されるものではなく、熱可塑性樹脂や熱硬化性樹脂を適宜選択して使用することができる。具体的には、ABS(アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合体)樹脂、PC(ポリカーボネート)樹脂、PC/ABS樹脂、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、強度、耐久性等の観点から、ABS樹脂、或いはPC/ABS樹脂が好ましい。   The material which comprises the resin base material 4 is not specifically limited, A thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin can be selected suitably, and can be used. Specifically, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer) resin, PC (polycarbonate) resin, PC / ABS resin, acrylic resin, styrene resin, polyamide resin, polycarbonate resin, polypropylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin Etc. Among these, ABS resin or PC / ABS resin is preferable from the viewpoint of strength, durability, and the like.

まず、樹脂基材4に導電性を付与するために前処理を行う。ABS樹脂基材をクロム酸に浸漬して基材表面をエッチング処理して、エッチング処理後の表面にPdーSnの金属錯体付与により活性化を行う。その後、無電解ニッケルめっき処理を行って、ABS樹脂基材表面にごく薄いニッケル皮膜からなる無電解ニッケルめっき層3を形成する。無電解ニッケルめっき液中のニッケルイオン供給源としては、例えば硫酸ニッケル、塩化ニッケル、酢酸ニッケル等のニッケル塩が挙げられる。その他、キレート剤、還元剤、金属安定剤等を適宜用いることができる。このような、無電解ニッケルめっき処理により均一な膜厚が得られるとともに緻密な膜を形成することができ、これにより、ABS樹脂基材に導電性が付与される。   First, pretreatment is performed to impart conductivity to the resin substrate 4. The ABS resin substrate is immersed in chromic acid to etch the substrate surface, and activation is performed by applying a metal complex of Pd-Sn to the etched surface. Thereafter, an electroless nickel plating process is performed to form an electroless nickel plating layer 3 made of a very thin nickel film on the surface of the ABS resin substrate. Examples of the nickel ion supply source in the electroless nickel plating solution include nickel salts such as nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, and nickel acetate. In addition, chelating agents, reducing agents, metal stabilizers, and the like can be used as appropriate. A uniform film thickness can be obtained by such an electroless nickel plating process, and a dense film can be formed, whereby conductivity is imparted to the ABS resin substrate.

次に、無電解ニッケルめっき層3によって導電性が確保されたABS樹脂基材に下地めっき層2を積層する。下地めっき層2は、Cu、Zn、Cr、Mo、Fe、Pb、Sn、Ni等の金属或いは金属合金を適宜選択して電解めっき処理により形成することができる。本実施形態では、銅めっき、及び半光沢ニッケルめっき、光沢ニッケルめっき、マイクロポーラスーニッケルめっきの3種のニッケルめっきを順に電解めっき処理することにより下地めっき層2を構成している。   Next, the base plating layer 2 is laminated on the ABS resin base material whose conductivity is ensured by the electroless nickel plating layer 3. The underlying plating layer 2 can be formed by an electrolytic plating process by appropriately selecting a metal or metal alloy such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Mo, Fe, Pb, Sn, or Ni. In the present embodiment, the base plating layer 2 is configured by performing electrolytic plating in order of three types of nickel plating, copper plating, semi-bright nickel plating, bright nickel plating, and microporous nickel plating.

続いて、下地めっき層2の表面に黒色めっき層1を積層する電解めっき処理を行う。黒色めっき層1に用いられる金属は、その後の酸化処理による黒色化により黒色めっき基板のL値が低くなることを考慮して適宜選択することができる。この場合、L値を好適な値にするためには、金属酸化物の有するバンドギャップ(Eg)及び屈折率(n)の値を考慮して選択する。本実施形態では、バンドギャップ(Eg)が1.55eV以下で且つ屈折率(n)が1.97以上である金属酸化物を目標値とし、このような条件を充足する金属を選択している。この観点から本実施形態では、コバルトリッチなコバルトクロム系合金を採用している。これは、酸化コバルト含量が増すに連れて黒色性が強くなるため、コバルトクロム皮膜形成後の酸化処理により酸化コバルトが生成して漆黒調の黒色めっき層(酸化コバルト層)1を形成することができることによる。したがって、コバルトクロム系合金の皮膜組成は、コバルトがコバルトクロム全体に対して金属量(重量)として50〜98%であることが好ましい。   Then, the electrolytic plating process which laminates | stacks the black plating layer 1 on the surface of the base plating layer 2 is performed. The metal used for the black plating layer 1 can be appropriately selected in consideration of the L value of the black plating substrate being lowered by the subsequent blackening by oxidation treatment. In this case, in order to make the L value suitable, the value is selected in consideration of the band gap (Eg) and refractive index (n) of the metal oxide. In this embodiment, a metal oxide having a band gap (Eg) of 1.55 eV or less and a refractive index (n) of 1.97 or more is set as a target value, and a metal that satisfies such conditions is selected. . From this point of view, this embodiment employs a cobalt-rich cobalt chromium alloy. This is because the blackness becomes stronger as the cobalt oxide content increases, so that the cobalt oxide is formed by the oxidation treatment after the formation of the cobalt chromium film to form a jet black tone black plating layer (cobalt oxide layer) 1. It depends on what you can do. Therefore, the coating composition of the cobalt chromium alloy is preferably 50 to 98% in terms of the amount of metal (weight) of cobalt with respect to the entire cobalt chromium.

コバルトクロム系合金による電解めっき処理に使用するクロム化合物は、3価クロム化合物を適宜選択して使用することができる。その具体例としては、硫酸クロム(Cr(SO)、クロムミョウバン(KCr(SO)、硝酸クロム(Cr(NO)、塩化クロム(CrCl)、酢酸クロム(Cr(CHCOO))等が挙げられる。また、コバルト化合物も適宜選択して使用することができる。その具体例としては、硝酸コバルト(Co(NO)、硫酸コバルト(Co(SO))、塩化コバルト(CoCl)等が挙げられる。電解処理液中に含まれるクロム化合物及びコバルト化合物の液組成は、要求される黒色化の度合いに応じて、ここに例示した化合物中から適宜選択して組み合わせればよいが、本実施形態では、硫酸クロムと硫酸コバルトの混合溶液を用いて電解めっき処理を行っている。これら化合物は、金属量として0.1〜50g/L程度、特に1〜40g/L程度の液組成とすることが好ましい。また、電解処理液中には、通常の電解めっき処理方法と同様に、導電性塩、pH緩衝剤、表面調整剤等を添加することができる。 As the chromium compound used for the electrolytic plating treatment with the cobalt chromium alloy, a trivalent chromium compound can be appropriately selected and used. Specific examples thereof include chromium sulfate (Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), chromium alum (KCr (SO 4 ) 2 ), chromium nitrate (Cr (NO 3 ) 3 ), chromium chloride (CrCl 3 ), chromium acetate ( Cr (CH 3 COO) 3 ) and the like. Also, a cobalt compound can be appropriately selected and used. Specific examples thereof include cobalt nitrate (Co (NO 3 ) 2 ), cobalt sulfate (Co (SO 4 )), and cobalt chloride (CoCl 2 ). The liquid composition of the chromium compound and the cobalt compound contained in the electrolytic treatment liquid may be appropriately selected and combined from the compounds exemplified here according to the required degree of blackening. Electrolytic plating is performed using a mixed solution of chromium sulfate and cobalt sulfate. These compounds preferably have a liquid composition with a metal amount of about 0.1 to 50 g / L, particularly about 1 to 40 g / L. In addition, a conductive salt, a pH buffering agent, a surface conditioner, and the like can be added to the electrolytic treatment solution in the same manner as in a normal electrolytic plating method.

電解めっき処理は、従来周知の湿式電解めっき法に準じて行うことができる。本実施形態のコバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層1の形成には、めっき浴のpHが3〜3.8の範囲内であることが好ましく、浴温が40〜60℃の範囲内であることが好ましく、浴電圧が6〜10Vの範囲内であることが好ましい。また、電解めっき時の電流密度は、陰極電流密度が6〜20A/dm、陽極電流密度が3〜10A/dmの範囲内であることが好ましく、エアー撹拌により電解処理液を撹拌しながら電解めっき処理を行うことができる。 The electrolytic plating treatment can be performed according to a conventionally known wet electrolytic plating method. For the formation of the black plating layer 1 made of the cobalt chromium alloy of the present embodiment, the pH of the plating bath is preferably in the range of 3 to 3.8, and the bath temperature is in the range of 40 to 60 ° C. The bath voltage is preferably in the range of 6 to 10V. Moreover, it is preferable that the current density at the time of electroplating exists in the range whose cathode current density is 6-20 A / dm < 2 > and anode current density is 3-10 A / dm < 2 >, stirring an electrolysis process liquid by air stirring. An electrolytic plating process can be performed.

以上述べた一連の処理により、樹脂基材4、該樹脂基材4に導電性を付与する無電解ニッケルめっき層3、下地めっき層2、コバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層1が積層された黒色めっき基板を得ることができる。ここで得られた黒色めっき基板のコバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層1は、膜厚が100〜2000nm、Co/Crの合金比率が1〜12の範囲内となっている。また、黒色めっき層1は、アモルファス状のコバルトクロム系合金皮膜として形成されている。   Through the series of treatments described above, the resin base 4, the electroless nickel plating layer 3 that imparts conductivity to the resin base 4, the base plating layer 2, and the black plating layer 1 made of a cobalt chromium alloy were laminated. A black plated substrate can be obtained. The black plating layer 1 made of a cobalt chromium alloy of the black plating substrate obtained here has a film thickness of 100 to 2000 nm and a Co / Cr alloy ratio of 1 to 12. The black plating layer 1 is formed as an amorphous cobalt-chromium alloy film.

次に、黒色めっき層1が積層された黒色めっき基板に酸浸漬処理を行う。ここでは、黒色めっき層1が積層された黒色めっき基板を酸溶液中に浸漬し、コバルトを酸化することにより表層に黒色皮膜層としての酸化コバルト層1aを析出させることで黒色めっき基板に漆黒調の黒味を付与するものである。   Next, an acid immersion treatment is performed on the black plating substrate on which the black plating layer 1 is laminated. Here, the black plating board | substrate with which the black plating layer 1 was laminated | stacked is immersed in an acid solution, and the cobalt oxide layer 1a as a black film layer is deposited on a surface layer by oxidizing cobalt, and jet black tone is applied to a black plating board | substrate. The blackness of is given.

酸浸漬処理酸溶液に溶解させる酸については特に限定されるものではなく、塩酸、硫酸、フッ酸、硝酸、或いは各種有機酸等から適宜選択することができる。これら各種酸溶液はpH1.5〜3.0の範囲内であることが好ましい。pHが3を超えるような場合、酸化コバルト層1aの析出が十分でない。また、酸溶液温度は、40〜60℃の範囲内が好ましい。40℃未満であると、酸化コバルト層1aに色むらが発生して好ましくなく、60℃を超える温度であると、樹脂基材4の熱変形が生じる点から好ましくない。さらに、酸溶液中での処理時間は、2〜20分であることが好ましい。2分未満であると、酸化反応が十分に進行せず、表層の酸化コバルト層1aの厚みが十分に形成されずに表面明度であるL値において満足できる値が得られない。   The acid to be dissolved in the acid dipping treatment acid solution is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, various organic acids, and the like. These various acid solutions are preferably in the range of pH 1.5 to 3.0. When the pH exceeds 3, precipitation of the cobalt oxide layer 1a is not sufficient. The acid solution temperature is preferably within the range of 40 to 60 ° C. When the temperature is lower than 40 ° C., color unevenness is generated in the cobalt oxide layer 1a, which is not preferable, and when the temperature is higher than 60 ° C., it is not preferable because the resin base material 4 is thermally deformed. Furthermore, the treatment time in the acid solution is preferably 2 to 20 minutes. If it is less than 2 minutes, the oxidation reaction does not proceed sufficiently, and the thickness of the surface cobalt oxide layer 1a is not sufficiently formed, so that a satisfactory value cannot be obtained in the L value which is the surface brightness.

図1の部分拡大図に示すように、コバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層1が積層された黒色めっき基板に酸浸漬処理を行うことにより、黒色めっき層1の表層部分に黒色皮膜層としての酸化コバルト層1aの形成が進み、内部ではコバルトクロム系合金層1bが残存しつつ表層部分が酸化コバルト層1aで被覆された漆黒調の黒色めっき基板を得ることができる。ここで得られた黒色めっき基板の酸化コバルト層1aは、その膜厚が50〜1000nmでアモルファス状結晶として形成されている。   As shown in the partial enlarged view of FIG. 1, by performing acid dipping treatment on the black plating substrate on which the black plating layer 1 made of a cobalt chromium alloy is laminated, the surface layer portion of the black plating layer 1 is used as a black coating layer. Formation of the cobalt oxide layer 1a proceeds, and a blackish black-plated substrate having a surface layer portion covered with the cobalt oxide layer 1a while the cobalt chromium alloy layer 1b remains inside can be obtained. The cobalt oxide layer 1a of the black plating substrate obtained here is formed as an amorphous crystal with a film thickness of 50 to 1000 nm.

最後に、黒色めっき基板を無水クロム酸溶液に浸漬することにより、黒色めっき層1の表面に不動態化皮膜を生成する不動態化処理を行う。黒色めっき層1の不動態化処理は、従来周知の方法で行うことができる。本実施形態では、25重量%の無水クロム酸溶液を使用して不動態化を行っている。   Lastly, the black plating substrate is immersed in a chromic anhydride solution to perform a passivation treatment for generating a passivated film on the surface of the black plating layer 1. The passivation treatment of the black plating layer 1 can be performed by a conventionally known method. In this embodiment, the passivation is performed using a 25 wt% chromic anhydride solution.

以上の実施形態によれば、以下の作用が得られる。
本実施形態の黒色めっき基板は、樹脂塗膜で被覆することなく最外層に黒色めっき層1を表出させた状態であっても、黒色めっき層1で深みのある黒色を表現することが可能であり、そのL値を45以下の漆黒調とすることができる。具体的には、黒色めっき層1の酸浸漬処理により酸化コバルト層1aの形成が進行するため、酸化コバルト層1aが黒色めっき層1の黒色の度合いを深めるように作用する。また、金属酸化物の有するバンドギャップ(Eg)及び屈折率(n)の値を考慮してコバルトクロム系合金で黒色めっき層1を形成したことから、黒色めっき層1がより黒色の深い漆黒調の黒色皮膜層を有するように作用する。
According to the above embodiment, the following operations are obtained.
The black plating substrate of this embodiment can express a deep black color with the black plating layer 1 even when the black plating layer 1 is exposed on the outermost layer without being coated with a resin coating film. The L value can be a jet black tone of 45 or less. Specifically, since the formation of the cobalt oxide layer 1 a proceeds by the acid dipping treatment of the black plating layer 1, the cobalt oxide layer 1 a acts to deepen the blackness of the black plating layer 1. Moreover, since the black plating layer 1 was formed with the cobalt chromium type alloy in consideration of the value of the band gap (Eg) and refractive index (n) of the metal oxide, the black plating layer 1 has a deep black jet tone. It acts so as to have a black coating layer.

本実施形態の黒色めっき基板によれば、次のような効果が得られる。
(1)黒色めっき基板の表面に樹脂塗膜が形成されないことから、黒色めっき基板の表面に傷がついたり、ゆず肌となったり、溜まりが生じたりすることがなく、意匠性の高い外観を実現することができる。
According to the black plating substrate of the present embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since a resin coating film is not formed on the surface of the black plating substrate, the surface of the black plating substrate is not scratched, it does not become a distorted skin, and does not cause accumulation, and has a high design appearance. Can be realized.

(2)黒色めっき層1の表層部分の酸化コバルト層1aにより黒色めっき層1の色調をより漆黒調とすることができる。深みのある黒色を実現できて、車両用加飾部品の意匠性を向上させることができ、消費者の多様なニーズにも答えることができる。   (2) The color tone of the black plating layer 1 can be made a jet black tone by the cobalt oxide layer 1a in the surface layer portion of the black plating layer 1. A deep black color can be realized, the design of the decorative parts for vehicles can be improved, and the various needs of consumers can be answered.

(3)黒色めっき層1で漆黒調を表現できることから、黒色めっき層1表面にさらに黒色の樹脂塗膜を塗装する必要がない。これにより、樹脂塗膜の剥がれ、樹脂塗膜表面のゆず肌、溜まりといった現象が生じることがなく、車両用加飾部品の意匠性を向上させることができる。   (3) Since the black plating tone can be expressed by the black plating layer 1, it is not necessary to paint a black resin coating on the surface of the black plating layer 1. Thereby, phenomena such as peeling of the resin coating film, distorted skin on the surface of the resin coating film, and accumulation do not occur, and the design of the decorative part for a vehicle can be improved.

(4)樹脂塗膜を塗装しなくても漆黒調の黒色めっき皮膜を形成することができることから、車両用加飾部品の製造工程を少なくすることができる。
(5)黒色めっき層1の酸浸漬処理により黒色の深い酸化コバルト層1aの形成が進行するため、酸浸漬処理の処理条件を変更することにより、所望の黒色の深みを発現させることができる。
(4) Since a jet black-tone black plating film can be formed without applying a resin coating film, the manufacturing process of a decorative part for a vehicle can be reduced.
(5) Since formation of the black deep cobalt oxide layer 1a proceeds by the acid immersion treatment of the black plating layer 1, a desired black depth can be expressed by changing the treatment conditions of the acid immersion treatment.

本実施形態は、以下のように変更してもよい。
・ 本実施形態では、黒色めっき層1をコバルトクロム系合金で形成したが、バンドギャップ(Eg)が1.55eV以下で且つ屈折率(n)が1.97以上であるとの条件を満たす金属酸化物を形成する金属であれば、適宜他の金属或いは金属合金に変更することが可能である。このような性状を有する金属であれば、黒色の深い漆黒調の黒色めっき層1を形成することができる。
The present embodiment may be modified as follows.
In the present embodiment, the black plating layer 1 is formed of a cobalt chromium alloy, but the metal satisfies the condition that the band gap (Eg) is 1.55 eV or less and the refractive index (n) is 1.97 or more. Any metal that forms an oxide can be appropriately changed to another metal or metal alloy. If it is a metal which has such a property, the black deep jet black tone black plating layer 1 can be formed.

・ 本実施形態では、樹脂基材4としてABS樹脂基材を用いたが、他の合成樹脂からなる樹脂基材を用いてもよい。
・ 本実施形態では、めっき処理の前処理として、無電解ニッケルめっき層3を積層することにより樹脂基材に導電性を付与したが、他の方法で導電性を付与するようにしてもよい。
-In this embodiment, although the ABS resin base material was used as the resin base material 4, you may use the resin base material which consists of another synthetic resin.
In this embodiment, as a pretreatment for the plating treatment, the electroless nickel plating layer 3 is laminated to impart conductivity to the resin base material. However, the conductivity may be imparted by other methods.

・ 本実施形態では、下地めっき層2として、銅めっき層、半光沢ニッケルめっき層、光沢ニッケルめっき層、マイクロポーラスーニッケルめっき層を積層したが、これらの金属めっき層に限定されない。Cu、Zn、Cr、Mo、Fe、Pb、Sn、Ni等の金属或いは金属合金を適宜選択して下地めっき層を形成してもよい。また、積層順序も本実施形態の積層順序に限定されない。   In the present embodiment, as the base plating layer 2, a copper plating layer, a semi-bright nickel plating layer, a bright nickel plating layer, and a microporous nickel plating layer are stacked. However, the present invention is not limited to these metal plating layers. The base plating layer may be formed by appropriately selecting a metal or metal alloy such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Mo, Fe, Pb, Sn, or Ni. Further, the stacking order is not limited to the stacking order of the present embodiment.

・ 本実施形態では、下地めっき層2を4層構造としたが、このような積層数に限定されない。金属めっき層1層で構成してもよく、2層、3層、或いは5層以上で形成してもよい。   In the present embodiment, the base plating layer 2 has a four-layer structure, but the number of layers is not limited thereto. It may be composed of one metal plating layer, or two, three, or five or more layers.

次に、実施例及び比較例を挙げて本実施形態を更に具体的に説明する。
[試験1:本発明の黒色めっき基板と従来例の黒色めっき基板の黒色度、耐衝撃性、平滑性の比較]
[実施例A]
漆黒調の黒色めっき基板を製造するために、まずABS樹脂製の樹脂基材を準備し、樹脂基材の導電性を確保するべく、樹脂基材表面の前処理を行なった。前処理では、ABS樹脂基材をクロム酸に浸漬してエッチング処理し、エッチング処理後の表面にPdーSnの金属錯体を付与して活性化後、無電解Niめっき処理を行なうことにより、ABS樹脂基材表面にNi塗膜を形成して導電体とした。
Next, the present embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
[Test 1: Comparison of blackness, impact resistance, and smoothness of the black plated substrate of the present invention and the conventional black plated substrate]
[Example A]
In order to manufacture a jet black-tone black plating substrate, first, a resin base material made of ABS resin was prepared, and the resin base material surface was pretreated in order to ensure the conductivity of the resin base material. In the pretreatment, the ABS resin substrate is immersed in chromic acid and etched, and a Pd—Sn metal complex is applied to the surface after the etching to activate it, followed by electroless Ni plating. A Ni coating film was formed on the surface of the resin base material to obtain a conductor.

続いて、前処理により導電性が付与されたABS樹脂に下地めっき処理を行った。下地めっき処理は、導電性ABS樹脂基板を各種金属めっき浴中に浸すことにより、銅めっき層、半光沢ニッケルめっき層、光沢ニッケルめっき層、マイクロポーラスーニッケルめっき層の順で積層されるように処理を行なった。   Then, the base plating process was performed to the ABS resin to which conductivity was imparted by the pretreatment. In the base plating treatment, a conductive ABS resin substrate is immersed in various metal plating baths so that a copper plating layer, a semi-bright nickel plating layer, a bright nickel plating layer, and a microporous nickel plating layer are laminated in this order. Processing was performed.

次に、下地めっき処理したABS樹脂基板をコバルトクロムめっき浴中で電解めっき処理をするコバルトクロムめっき処理を行なった。使用した電解質溶液は、Cr3+の金属量濃度が30g/L、Co2+の金属量濃度が3g/Lの硫酸塩溶液であり、他に電導性塩、pH緩衝剤、表面調整剤等を含有するものである。コバルトクロムめっき浴は、浴温50℃、pH3.5、陰極電流密度10A/dm、陽極電流密度5A/dm、成膜速度0.1μm/分の条件下で15分間の電解めっき処理を行なってコバルトクロム系合金層からなる黒色めっき層を形成した。 Next, a cobalt chromium plating treatment was performed in which the ABS resin substrate subjected to the base plating treatment was subjected to an electrolytic plating treatment in a cobalt chromium plating bath. The electrolyte solution used is a sulfate solution with a metal amount concentration of Cr 3+ of 30 g / L and a metal amount concentration of Co 2+ of 3 g / L, and additionally contains a conductive salt, a pH buffer, a surface conditioner, etc. To do. The cobalt chrome plating bath is subjected to electrolytic plating treatment for 15 minutes under conditions of bath temperature 50 ° C., pH 3.5, cathode current density 10 A / dm 2 , anode current density 5 A / dm 2 , film formation rate 0.1 μm / min. The black plating layer which consists of a cobalt chromium type alloy layer was formed.

続いて、表面に黒色めっき層が積層されたABS樹脂基板を取り出し、その表面を酸浸漬処理することにより酸化コバルト層を形成した。酸浸漬処理は、pH1.5の有機酸を満たした処理槽中にABS樹脂基板を浸漬し、処理温度50℃で10分間保持することにより行った。この酸浸漬処理により黒色めっき層であるコバルトクロム系合金層の表層部分の酸化が進んで酸化コバルト層が形成され、表層部分の黒味が増して漆黒調の色調となった。最後に無水クロム酸溶液に浸漬して不動態化を行った。25重量%の無水クロム酸溶液中での浸漬処理を、pH3.0、液温40℃、電流密度0.5A/dmの条件下で5分間行うことで不動態化した。得られた黒色めっき層の組成比率は、金属量としてCo90%、Cr5%であり、その他炭素、酸素、硫黄等で構成されている。 Subsequently, an ABS resin substrate having a black plating layer laminated on the surface was taken out, and the surface was subjected to an acid immersion treatment to form a cobalt oxide layer. The acid immersion treatment was performed by immersing the ABS resin substrate in a treatment tank filled with an organic acid having a pH of 1.5 and holding at a treatment temperature of 50 ° C. for 10 minutes. By this acid immersion treatment, oxidation of the surface layer portion of the cobalt chrome-based alloy layer, which is a black plating layer, progressed to form a cobalt oxide layer, and the blackness of the surface layer portion increased, resulting in a jet black tone. Finally, it was passivated by dipping in a chromic anhydride solution. Passivation was performed by performing immersion treatment in a 25 wt% chromic anhydride solution under the conditions of pH 3.0, liquid temperature of 40 ° C., and current density of 0.5 A / dm 2 for 5 minutes. The composition ratio of the obtained black plating layer is 90% Co and 5% Cr as the amount of metal, and is composed of carbon, oxygen, sulfur and the like.

[比較例A]
ABS樹脂製の樹脂基材に対して、前処理、下地めっき処理は実施例Aと同様の操作で行った。下地めっき処理後、従来の黒色3価クロムめっき処理を行なって黒色3価クロム層を積層した。
[Comparative Example A]
The pretreatment and the base plating treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example A on the ABS resin base material. After the base plating treatment, a conventional black trivalent chromium plating treatment was performed to laminate a black trivalent chromium layer.

[比較例B]
ABS樹脂製の樹脂基材に対して、前処理、下地めっき処理、及び黒色3価クロムめっき処理は比較例Aと同様の操作で行った。黒色3価クロムめっき層の表面をスモーククリア塗装で被覆して樹脂皮膜を形成した。
[Comparative Example B]
The pretreatment, the base plating treatment, and the black trivalent chromium plating treatment were performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example A on the ABS resin base material. The surface of the black trivalent chromium plating layer was coated with smoke clear coating to form a resin film.

得られた実施例及び比較例の黒色めっき基板を以下の試験方法に従って評価した。その評価結果を表1に示す。
<黒色度(表面明度)>
分光型色差計を用いてL値を測定した。
The obtained black plating substrates of Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated according to the following test methods. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
<Blackness (surface brightness)>
The L value was measured using a spectroscopic color difference meter.

<耐衝撃性>
黒色めっき基板に35cmの距離から玄武岩6号を0.4MPaで投げて表面の剥がれの有無を目視により評価した。
<Impact resistance>
Basalt 6 was thrown from a distance of 35 cm onto a black plated substrate at 0.4 MPa, and the presence or absence of peeling of the surface was visually evaluated.

○:剥がれなし、×:剥がれあり。
<平滑性>
表面のゆず肌状の凹凸の有無を目視により評価した。
○: no peeling, x: peeling
<Smoothness>
The presence or absence of surface-like irregularities on the skin was visually evaluated.

○:凹凸なし、×:凹凸あり。   ○: No irregularities, ×: Irregularities.

表1に示したように、実施例Aでは、L値、耐衝撃性、及び平滑性のすべてにおいて良好な結果を示した。これに対し、黒色3価クロムめっき層のみが積層された比較例Aでは、樹脂塗膜が形成されていないことから、耐衝撃性、平滑性は良好であるものの、黒色度を表すL値が45を超える58であり、満足すべき黒色度が得られなかった。また、黒色3価クロムめっき層にさらにスモーククリア塗装で被覆して樹脂塗膜を形成した比較例Bでは、黒色度を表すL値は45以下の34と良好であるものの、耐衝撃性、平滑性ともに満足すべき結果が得られなかった。 As shown in Table 1, Example A showed good results in all of the L value, impact resistance, and smoothness. On the other hand, in Comparative Example A in which only the black trivalent chromium plating layer was laminated, since the resin coating film was not formed, although the impact resistance and smoothness were good, the L value representing the blackness was It was 58 exceeding 45, and satisfactory blackness was not obtained. Further, in Comparative Example B in which a black trivalent chromium plating layer was further coated with smoke clear coating to form a resin coating film, the L value representing blackness was as good as 34 of 34 or less, but impact resistance, smoothness Satisfactory results were not obtained for both sexes.

[試験2:酸浸漬処理における処理液pH、酸浸漬処理時間を変えたときの黒色めっき基板の比較]
次に、試験1で示した本発明の黒色めっき基板について、酸浸漬処理の処理時間、処理液pHを適宜変えることにより得られる黒色めっき基板の性能を評価した。酸浸漬処理時間、処理液pH以外は試験1と同様の操作により行った。処理液pH、酸浸漬処理時間については、pH2.5の有機酸中で2、5、10分保持したもの、pH1.5の有機酸中で5、8、10分保持したものについてそれぞれ評価した。対照として、酸浸漬処理を行わないもの、つまり酸浸漬処理時間0分のものについても同様に評価した。
[Test 2: Comparison of black plating substrates when the treatment solution pH and acid immersion treatment time in the acid immersion treatment are changed]
Next, about the black plating board | substrate of this invention shown in Test 1, the performance of the black plating board | substrate obtained by changing suitably the processing time of an acid immersion process and process liquid pH was evaluated. The same operation as in Test 1 was performed except for the acid immersion treatment time and the treatment solution pH. The treatment solution pH and the acid immersion treatment time were evaluated for those kept for 2, 5, and 10 minutes in an organic acid at pH 2.5 and those kept for 5, 8, and 10 minutes in an organic acid at pH 1.5. . As a control, evaluation was similarly performed for a sample not subjected to acid immersion treatment, that is, a sample having an acid immersion treatment time of 0 minutes.

酸浸漬処理後に得られた漆黒調の黒色めっき基板についてその性能を以下の評価方法に従って評価した。その評価結果を表2に示す。なお、実施例1で示した黒色度(表面明度)、耐衝撃性については実施例1と同様の方法で行った。   The performance of the blackish black-plated substrate obtained after the acid immersion treatment was evaluated according to the following evaluation method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. The blackness (surface brightness) and impact resistance shown in Example 1 were the same as in Example 1.

<化物膜厚>
黒色めっき基板の表層からの酸化コバルト層の深さ(nm)をSEM画像解析により測定した。
<Chemical film thickness>
The depth (nm) of the cobalt oxide layer from the surface layer of the black plating substrate was measured by SEM image analysis.

<耐食性>
CASS試験(JIS H 8502)により評価した。
具体的には、CASS試験槽に試料を設置し、酢酸でpH3.0に調整したNaCl/CuCl試験液を投入して、試験槽温度50℃、湿度65%の条件下で50時間経過後、試料を取り出し、変色、しみ、腐食、表面劣化、剥離等の表面状態の変化を目視で評価した。
<Corrosion resistance>
Evaluation was made by the CASS test (JIS H8502).
Specifically, a sample was placed in a CASS test tank, and a NaCl / CuCl 2 test solution adjusted to pH 3.0 with acetic acid was added. After 50 hours at a test tank temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 65%. Samples were taken out and visually evaluated for changes in surface conditions such as discoloration, stains, corrosion, surface deterioration, and peeling.

○:表面状態変化なし、×:表面状態変化あり。
<付着性>
碁盤目テープ試験(JIS K 5400)により評価した。
○: No change in surface condition, ×: Change in surface condition
<Adhesiveness>
It was evaluated by a cross cut tape test (JIS K 5400).

具体的には、試料表面にカッターナイフで切り傷をつけて碁盤目を作り、碁盤目にセロハン粘着テープを強く圧着させた後、一気に引き剥がし、碁盤目の状態を目視で評価した。   Specifically, the surface of the sample was cut with a cutter knife to make a grid, and a cellophane adhesive tape was strongly pressed on the grid, and then peeled off at once, and the grid was visually evaluated.

○:剥がれなし、×:剥がれあり。
<光輝性>
60°グロス値により評価した。
○: no peeling, x: peeling
<Brightness>
Evaluation was based on a 60 ° gloss value.

表2に示したように、処理液pH2.5、酸浸漬時間が2分でL値が37を示し、処理液pH1.5、酸浸漬時間が5分でL値が31を示し、ともにL値において満足すべき漆黒調の表面を有する黒色めっき基板が得られた。一方、酸浸漬時間が5分では、処理液のpHが2.5のときのL値が34であるのに対し処理液のpHが1.5のときのL値が31であり、酸浸漬時間が10分では、処理液のpHが2.5のときのL値が32であるのに対し処理液のpHが1.5のときのL値が30であった。このことより、処理液のpHが低いほど黒色化が進むことがわかる。 As shown in Table 2, L value is 37 when the treatment solution is pH 2.5 and the acid immersion time is 2 minutes, and L value is 31 when the treatment solution is pH 1.5 and the acid immersion time is 5 minutes. A black-plated substrate having a jet black surface that is satisfactory in value was obtained. On the other hand, when the acid immersion time is 5 minutes, the L value is 34 when the pH of the treatment liquid is 2.5, whereas the L value is 31 when the pH of the treatment liquid is 1.5. At a time of 10 minutes, the L value was 32 when the pH of the treatment liquid was 2.5, whereas the L value was 30 when the pH of the treatment liquid was 1.5. From this, it can be seen that the lower the pH of the treatment liquid, the more blackening proceeds.

また、酸浸漬時間の比較では、酸浸漬時間が長いほどコバルトクロム系合金層の酸化が進み、酸化コバルト層の膜厚が厚くなることがわかる。同じ酸浸漬時間では、pHが低いほど酸化コバルト層の膜厚が厚くなる。   In addition, in the comparison of the acid immersion time, it can be seen that the longer the acid immersion time, the more the oxidation of the cobalt chromium alloy layer proceeds and the thicker the cobalt oxide layer. With the same acid immersion time, the lower the pH, the thicker the cobalt oxide layer.

耐食性についてはpH1.5、酸浸漬時間8分以上で良好な結果が得られた。耐衝撃性、付着性についてはコバルトクロム系合金層の形成がその性能に寄与していることが窺えた。   As for corrosion resistance, good results were obtained at pH 1.5 and acid immersion time of 8 minutes or more. Regarding impact resistance and adhesion, it was found that the formation of the cobalt chromium alloy layer contributed to the performance.

1…黒色めっき層、1a…酸化コバルト層、2…下地めっき層、4…樹脂基材。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Black plating layer, 1a ... Cobalt oxide layer, 2 ... Undercoat layer, 4 ... Resin base material.

Claims (5)

樹脂基材と、
前記樹脂基材上に積層された下地めっき層と、
前記下地めっき層に積層された黒色めっき層と、を有し、
前記黒色めっき層が最外層に形成された車両用加飾部品。
A resin substrate;
A base plating layer laminated on the resin substrate;
A black plating layer laminated on the base plating layer,
A decorative part for a vehicle in which the black plating layer is formed as an outermost layer.
前記黒色めっき層のL値が45以下である請求項1に記載の車両用加飾部品。   The decorative part for vehicles according to claim 1 whose L value of said black plating layer is 45 or less. 前記黒色めっき層は、コバルトクロム系合金からなる請求項1または2に記載の車両用加飾部品。   The vehicle decorative component according to claim 1, wherein the black plating layer is made of a cobalt chromium alloy. 前記黒色めっき層の表層部分には、酸化コバルト層が形成されている請求項3に記載の車両用加飾部品。   The decorative part for vehicles according to claim 3, wherein a cobalt oxide layer is formed on a surface layer portion of the black plating layer. 樹脂基材表面に下地めっき層を積層する工程と、
前記下地めっき層にコバルトクロム系合金からなる黒色めっき層を積層する工程と、
前記黒色めっき層の表面に酸浸漬処理を施して黒色皮膜層を形成する工程と、前記黒色皮膜層の不動態化を行う工程と、を有する車両用加飾部品の製造方法。
A step of laminating a base plating layer on the resin substrate surface;
A step of laminating a black plating layer made of a cobalt chromium alloy on the undercoat plating layer;
The manufacturing method of the decorative component for vehicles which has the process of performing the acid immersion process on the surface of the said black plating layer, and forming the black film layer, and the process of passivating the said black film layer.
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JP2016157548A (en) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 日立アプライアンス株式会社 Induction heating cooker
JP2017071100A (en) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-13 豊田合成株式会社 Black plated resin component and method for manufacturing the same
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JP2018024903A (en) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 豊田合成株式会社 Antifouling plated article and manufacturing method therefor
JP2020049719A (en) * 2018-09-26 2020-04-02 豊田合成株式会社 Black-plated resin component
WO2022123008A2 (en) 2020-12-11 2022-06-16 Atotech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Electroplating bath for depositing a black chromium layer, method for depositing, and substrate comprising such a layer
WO2022123008A3 (en) * 2020-12-11 2022-07-21 Atotech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Electroplating bath for depositing a black chromium layer, method for depositing, and substrate comprising such a layer
JP2021066181A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-04-30 豊田合成株式会社 Black plated resin component
JP7015403B2 (en) 2021-01-07 2022-02-02 豊田合成株式会社 Black plated resin parts

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