JP2014099992A - Charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology capable of avoiding use limits of other general loads as much as possible without depending on use of means for increasing a contact capacity when supplying electric power from a distribution panel to a charged vehicle.SOLUTION: The charging system includes: a plurality of bus bars (31, 32) electrically disconnectable by a switch 6, and a dispersed power supply unit 15 and a charging apparatus 10 for vehicle are connected with a branch circuit branched from one bus bar 32; a switching control means 13 for transmitting a switching control signal to the switch 6 by connecting vehicle to the charging apparatus 10 for vehicle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle charging system.

  Conventionally, in an electric device mainly connected to a distribution board in a general household, when excessive use of electricity occurs, a limiter or an ampere breaker restricts a current exceeding a contracted capacity from flowing. At this time, a technology relating to a distribution board having a demand control function capable of temporarily stopping a device having relatively little influence on life and effectively using power within a contracted capacity is also disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1).

  When power is supplied from a distribution board to a charging vehicle, a relatively large current flows, so there is a high possibility that the use of other general loads (loads other than the vehicle) will be restricted when charging the vehicle. Since charging takes a long time, there is a problem that restriction of long-term use under other general loads (loads other than vehicles) is inconvenient.

  Although it is possible to avoid the above usage restrictions by increasing the contracted capacity, increasing the contracted capacity leads to an increase in electricity charges, and also requires equipment costs associated with the increase in equipment capacity. Therefore, it is not preferable.

JP-A-11-346437

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a technique for avoiding restrictions on the use of other general loads as much as possible without increasing the contract capacity when power is supplied from a distribution board to a charging vehicle. That is.

  The charging system of the present invention made to solve the above problems includes a plurality of busbars that can be electrically disconnected by a switch, and a distributed power supply device and a vehicle charging device in a branch circuit branched from one busbar Is connected to the vehicle charging device, and has an open / close control means for transmitting an open / close control signal to the switch.

  A second aspect of the present invention is the charging system according to the first aspect, further comprising a control unit having the opening / closing control means, wherein the control unit further detects connection information from the vehicle charging device. And a power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of each branch circuit, a power generation measuring means for measuring the power generation amount of the distributed power supply device, and a determination means for determining whether to open or close the switch. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the charging system according to the second aspect, the control unit further includes vehicle power charge measuring means for measuring the charge power of the connected vehicle.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the charging system according to the second aspect, the control unit further includes a power failure detection means for detecting a power failure of the system power supply, and the determination means includes the power generation amount and the power used by the load before the power failure. To determine whether or not to open / close the switch.

  A plurality of busbars that can be electrically disconnected by a switch are provided, and a distributed power supply device and a vehicle charging device are connected to a branch circuit branched from one busbar, and the vehicle connection to the vehicle charging device is received. According to the charging system of the present invention having an opening / closing control means for transmitting an opening / closing control signal to the switch, the vehicle charging circuit and the power supply circuit for other general loads are disconnected as necessary to charge the vehicle. Can be performed with a distributed power source, so that it is possible to avoid restrictions on the use of other general loads as much as possible when charging the vehicle.

1 is a block diagram of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a control part. 6 is a block diagram of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a control unit. It is a flow at the time of performing determination by the determination unit of the second embodiment. 6 is a block diagram showing another form of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a block diagram of Embodiment 3. It is a flow at the time of performing determination by the determination unit of the third embodiment. 10 is a block diagram showing another form of Embodiment 3. FIG.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below.

(Embodiment 1)
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a distribution board installed in an office, apartment house, or general household, 2 a main breaker, 3 a bus, 4 a branch breaker, 5 a branch line, and 6 a switch. The bus 3 is provided with a bus 31 located on the main breaker side and a bus 32 on the opposite side.

  The switch 6 connects one bus 32 and the other bus 31 so that the bus 3 can be electrically disconnected in the middle. That is, each branch circuit has a first branch group 7 composed of a circuit branched from the bus 31 on the other side (main circuit breaker side) from the switch 6 and a circuit branched from the one bus 32 with the switch 6 as a boundary. Into a second branch group 8 consisting of

  The first branch group 7 is connected to a general load (TV, air conditioner, refrigerator, etc.) used at home, etc., and the second branch group 8 is connected to a vehicle charging device 10 used to charge at least the vehicle 9, and The distributed power supply 15 (solar power generation / fuel cell) and the storage battery 28 are connected. An emergency load (such as an electric lamp) used in an emergency may be connected to the second branch group 8.

  The vehicle charging device 10 includes the control unit 11 illustrated in FIG. 2, and the connection detection unit 12 that detects the connection of the vehicle 9 and the open / close control that transmits an open / close control signal to the switch 6. Means 13 are provided.

  The connection detection unit 12 can detect the connection of the vehicle 9 based on a change in the CPLT signal or a charging current value detected by the vehicle power measurement unit. The CPLT signal is a pilot signal having a duty set according to the magnitude of the rated current of the vehicle charging device, and the connection state and the vehicle charging device 10 between the vehicle 9 and the vehicle charging device 10. The rated current is notified to the vehicle 9. When the connection detection unit 12 detects the connection of the vehicle 9, the opening / closing control unit 13 transmits an open circuit signal to the switch 6.

  When the switch 6 is opened in response to the opening signal, the bus 3 is electrically disconnected at one side and the other side of the switch 6. The switch 6 is preferably a relay, but may be a breaker equipped with an automatic closing device.

  In the first branch group 7, the state where the bus 31 is connected to the system power supply 14 is maintained, so that power supply is continued without being affected by the opening of the switch 6.

  In the second branch group 8, the electrical connection between the bus 32 and the system power supply 14 is released. However, since the distributed power supply device 15 is provided as described above, the vehicular charging device 10 includes the distributed power supply device 15. The power generated in is supplied.

  In this state, in order to always ensure a sufficient charging current, it is preferable to connect a plurality of distributed power supply devices 15 to the second branch group 8. In addition, when sufficient charging power cannot be secured from the distributed power supply device 15, the charging current to the vehicle 9 due to the modulation of the duty ratio is limited (charging limitation). Further, when the charging of the vehicle 9 is completed or interrupted, a closing signal is transmitted from the switching control means 13 to the switch 6, and one and the other buses are electrically connected again. Is done.

  According to the charging system of the present embodiment, since the switch is closed when the vehicle is not connected, the general load of the first branch group is supplied with power from both the system power supply and the distributed power supply device. Can receive. On the other hand, when the vehicle is connected, the switch is opened, and the vehicle 9 can be charged exclusively using the power generated by the distributed power supply device 15, so that the vehicle 9 and other general loads are equally distributed. When connected to the board 1 and used, it is possible to avoid restrictions on the use of other general loads when the vehicle 9 is charged.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, the control unit 11 in the vehicle charging device 10 has the open / close control means 13 that transmits the open / close control signal to the switch 6. However, in the present embodiment shown in FIG. A control unit 16 is provided in the distribution board 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 16 has an opening / closing control means 22 for transmitting an opening / closing control signal toward the switch 6. A plurality of distributed power supply devices 15 (in FIG. 3, a fuel cell and a photovoltaic power generation device) and a storage battery 28 are connected to the second branch group 8. An emergency load (such as an electric lamp) used in an emergency may be connected to the second branch group 8.

  However, the installation location of the control unit 16 is not limited to the inside of the distribution board 1, but can be arranged as a separate unit outside the distribution board 1 or can be provided inside the vehicle charging device 10. Furthermore, some functions of the control unit may be provided separately in the distribution board and outside the distribution board (for example, the vehicle charging device 10).

  In the control unit 16, as shown in FIG. 4, in addition to the open / close control means 22, the connection detection means 17, the power generation measurement means 18, the power measurement means 19, the vehicle power measurement means 20, and the determination Means 21 are provided.

  The connection detection unit 17 detects the connection of the vehicle 9 based on the vehicle connection information from the vehicle charging device 10. The vehicle connection information means that the vehicle charging device 10 detects the connection of the vehicle 9 based on the change in the CPLT signal or the charging current value detected by the vehicle power measuring means, and transmits the fact that the vehicle is connected to the control unit 16. Signal.

  The power generation measuring means 18 measures the power generation amount in each distributed power supply device 15. Specifically, the voltage and current value after inverter conversion of each distributed power supply device 15 is detected, and when there are a plurality of distributed power supply devices, the power generation amount (voltage × current value) of each distributed power supply device 15 is added up and totaled. Find the amount of power generation.

  The power measuring means 19 measures the power used (voltage × current used) of the load connected to the first branch group 7. The current used can be measured by providing CT25a and CT25b at both ends of the other bus 31 and calculating the difference between them, and the voltage can be obtained from the line between which the CT25 is provided. Note that the current used may be measured directly by providing a CT 25 in each of the branch circuits of the first branch group 7 and measuring the current value directly. The power used by the second branch group 8 can be measured by CT (not shown) provided in each branch circuit.

  The vehicle power measuring means 20 measures the charging power (voltage × charge current) of the connected vehicle 9. Specifically, a measuring device (such as CT26) is provided in the vehicle charging device 10 to measure the voltage and charging current of the branch open circuit to which the vehicle charging device 10 is connected. In addition, the measured value of the charging power may be output to the vehicle power measuring means 20 via a communication line connecting the vehicle charging device 10 and the control unit 16.

  The determination means 21 determines whether or not the switch 6 needs to be opened and closed based on the power used by the load, the power generation amount of the distributed power supply 15 and the vehicle determination according to the flow shown in FIG.

  Specifically, first, the connection detection unit 17 detects the connection of the vehicle 9 (ST1). Subsequently, the power measuring means 19 measures the power used by the load (voltage × current used), and the total amount of power used by the load connected to the first branch group 7 is less than a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the rating). In this case, the closed circuit maintenance determination is performed (ST2 and ST4). In this case, when the amount of power generation in each distributed power supply 15 is large, in addition to supplying power to the vehicle charging device, the power of the distributed power supply 15 is also supplied to the general load, thereby reducing the electricity bill. Can do. In addition, when the amount of power generation in each distributed power supply 15 is small, the charging power that is insufficient in the distributed power supply 15 can be supplemented from the system power supply 14 to supply power to the vehicle charging apparatus 10.

  On the other hand, when the total amount of power used by the load connected to the first branch group 7 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the rating), the power generation amount information in each distributed power supply device 15 is acquired from the power generation measurement unit 18, and Then, the power generation amount of the distributed power supply device 15 is determined (ST2 and ST3).

  If the power generation amount of the distributed power supply 15 is greater than or equal to a predetermined ratio (for example, 120%) with respect to the charging power of the vehicle 9, the closed circuit maintenance determination is performed (ST4). In this case, the electric power generated by the distributed power supply device 15 can be used as charging electric power for the vehicle 9, and surplus electric power can be supplied to the general load.

  If the power generation amount of the distributed power supply 15 is less than a predetermined ratio (for example, 120%) with respect to the charging power of the vehicle 9, vehicle determination is performed (ST5). Specifically, if the vehicle 9 connected to the vehicle charging device 10 is a vehicle corresponding to the change of the charging current, the charging current of the vehicle 9 is suppressed by the CPLT signal, and the switch 6 is kept closed (ST4). . If the vehicle connected to the vehicular charging device 10 is a vehicle that does not support the change of the charging current, the determination unit determines whether the switch 6 is open (ST6). In this case, the charging power of the vehicle 9 is supplied only from the distributed power supply device 15 and the storage battery 28.

  In addition, when the charging of the vehicle 9 is completed or interrupted, when the power used by the first branch group 7 becomes less than a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the rating), or the power generation amount is equal to the charging power of the vehicle 9. On the other hand, when it becomes more than a predetermined ratio (for example, 120%), the switch 6 is controlled to be closed and the electric power generated by the distributed power supply 15 is supplied to the general load.

  According to the charging system of this embodiment, the opening / closing control can be performed when necessary based on the total amount of power used by the load connected to the first branch group 7 and the amount of power generated by the distributed power supply device 15. 9 can avoid the use restriction of the general load connected to the other bus 31 at the time of charging as much as possible, and can improve the energy efficiency.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the other bus 31 and one bus 32 may be arranged in parallel in the bus of this embodiment. In this case, the opening / closing control means 22 can perform the same control as described above by controlling the opening / closing of the switch 6b connected to one bus 32.

(Embodiment 3)
In the first and second embodiments, one switch 6 that can electrically disconnect the bus bar 3 in the middle is used, and each branch circuit is connected to the other (main circuit breaker side) with this switch 6 as a boundary. The first branch group 7 consisting of a circuit branched from the bus 31 and the second branch group 8 consisting of a circuit branched from one bus 32 are divided, but in the present embodiment shown in FIG. , Using two switches (first switch 23, second switch 24) that can electrically disconnect the bus 3 in the middle, each branch circuit is connected to the first branch group 7 and the second branch It is divided into group 8 and third branch group 27. That is, an intermediate bus 33 is arranged between the other bus 31 and one bus 32, and the third branch group 27 is branched from the intermediate bus 33.

  The first branch group 7 is composed of a circuit branched from the other bus 31 (the main breaker side) of the first switch 23, and the second branch group 8 is branched from one bus 32 of the second switch 24. The third branch group 27 includes a circuit branched from an intermediate bus 33 located between the first switch 23 and the second switch 24.

  In the present embodiment, a general load is connected to the first branch group 7, and the vehicle charging device 10 used for charging the vehicle 9 and the distributed power supply device 15 (solar power generation) are connected to the second branch group 8. The fuel cell) and the storage battery 28 are connected, and the third branch group 27 is connected with a general load that permits temporary use restrictions. That is, the load of the third branch group 27 is more likely to be subject to usage restrictions than the load of the first branch group. An emergency load (such as an electric lamp) used in an emergency may be connected to the second branch group 8.

  In addition to the point where the control unit 16 is provided in the distribution board 1 and the opening / closing control means 22 in the control unit 16, the connection detection means 17, the power generation measurement means 18, the power measurement means 19, and the vehicle power measurement means. 20 and the point provided with the determination means 21 are the same as those of the second embodiment.

  However, the power measuring means 19 of the present embodiment measures the power used by the load connected to the first branch group 7 (voltage × current used) and uses the power used by the load connected to the third branch group 27 ( Voltage x working current) is also measured. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the measurement of the used current is performed by providing CT25a at the end of the other bus 31 and CT25b at the end of the intermediate bus 33, and calculating the difference to calculate the used current of the first branch group 7. taking measurement. Further, the current used in the third branch group 27 is measured from the difference between the CT 25 b and the CT 25 c provided at the end of the one bus 32. The current used may be measured by providing a CT in each of the branch circuits of the first branch group 7 and all the branch circuits of the third branch group 27 and directly measuring the current values. The power used by the second branch group 8 can be measured by CT (not shown) provided in each branch circuit.

  In the determination means 21 of the present embodiment, whether or not to open / close the switches (first switch 23, second switch 24) based on the power used by the load and the amount of power generated by the distributed power supply device 15 according to the flow shown in FIG. Make a control decision. When the vehicle is not connected, both the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are closed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, first, the connection detection means 17 detects the connection of the vehicle 9 (ST1). Subsequently, the load power consumption (voltage × current) is measured by the power measuring means 19, and the total amount of load power consumption connected to the first branch group 7 and the third branch group 27 is a predetermined value (for example, rated If it is less than 70%), the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are determined to be closed (ST2 and ST3). In this case, when the amount of power generation in each distributed power supply 15 is large, in addition to supplying power to the vehicle charging device, the power of the distributed power supply 15 is also supplied to the general load, thereby reducing the electricity bill. Can do. In addition, when the amount of power generation in each distributed power supply 15 is small, the charging power that is insufficient in the distributed power supply 15 can be supplemented from the system power supply 14 to supply power to the vehicle charging apparatus 10.

  On the other hand, when the total amount of power used by the loads connected to the first branch group 7 and the third branch group 27 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the rating), the power generation amount from the power generation measuring unit 18 to each of the distributed power supply devices 15 Information is acquired, and further, the power generation amount of the distributed power supply device 15 is determined (ST2 and ST4).

  If the power generation amount of the distributed power supply 15 is a predetermined ratio (for example, 120%) or more with respect to the charging power of the vehicle 9, the first switch 23 performs the open circuit determination and the second switch 24 performs the closed circuit maintenance determination ( ST5). In this case, the general load of the first branch group 7 is stably supplied with power from the system power supply 14. Electric power is supplied to the general load of the third branch group 27 and the vehicle 9 of the second branch group 8 only by power generation from the distributed power supply device 15. The general load of the third branch group 27 may be temporarily restricted in use, but charging restrictions are avoided for the vehicles 9 in the second branch group 8.

  If the power generation amount of the distributed power supply device 15 is less than a predetermined ratio (for example, 120%) with respect to the charging power of the vehicle 9, the first switch 23 performs the closed circuit maintenance determination and the second switch 24 performs the open circuit determination (ST6). ). In this case, power is stably supplied from the system power supply 14 to the general loads of the first branch group 7 and the third branch group 27. Power is supplied to the vehicles 9 of the second branch group 8 only with the current from the distributed power supply device 15, but the amount of power generated from the distributed power supply device is insufficient for charging power and there is little room for contract capacity. The charging restriction determination for the vehicle 9 is also performed (ST7).

  It should be noted that when the charging of the vehicle 9 is completed or interrupted, when the power used by the first branch group 7 and the third branch group 27 is less than a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the rating), or when the power generation amount is When a predetermined ratio (e.g., 120%) or more with respect to the charging power of the vehicle 9 is reached, the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are closed and the power generated by the power generation by the distributed power supply is a general load. To be supplied.

In the present embodiment, when the system power supply fails, a load that can supply power from the distributed power supply can be selected for each branch group.
The control unit 16 includes power failure detection means (not shown) for detecting a power failure of the system power supply. When the system power supply fails, the control breaker 2 Cut off. Note that the power used by each branch group before the power failure is stored in storage means provided in the control unit 16.
The determination unit 21 compares the total power generation amount of the distributed power supply 15 measured by the power generation detection unit 18 with the power used by each branch group before the power failure, and the first switch 23 and the second switch according to the total power generation amount. The opening / closing of the device 24 is determined. That is, if the total power generation amount is sufficient, the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are closed to supply power to all loads. When the total power generation amount and the discharge power are insufficient, the first switch 23 is opened and the second switch 24 is closed. It is also possible to open 24 circuits and use the emergency load for a long time. The total power generation amount can also include power supplied from the storage battery 28.

  Furthermore, when the system power supply fails, power may be supplied from the vehicle connected to the vehicle charging device toward the load of the branch circuit. In this case, when the control unit 16 detects a power failure of the system power supply 14, the connection detection unit 17 confirms whether or not power can be supplied from the vehicle connected to the vehicle charging device 10, and determines the total amount of power that can be discharged. It can be added to the power generation.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the buses 31, 32, and 33 may be arranged in parallel as the buses of this embodiment. In this case, the opening / closing control means 22 can perform the same control as described above by selecting the switches 29a, 29b, and 29c connected to each bus and performing the opening / closing control.

  Further, the solar power generation device may be connected to the bus of the intermediate bus 33 and the fuel cell may be connected to another bus 32. By opening the second switch 24 when the vehicle 9 is connected, it is possible to continue selling power generated by solar power generation. As a result, only the electric power generated by the fuel cell is charged in the vehicle, and charging can be performed at a constant cost without receiving power supply from the system power supply 14 which is expensive according to the time zone.

  According to the charging system of this embodiment, two-stage switching control is performed based on the total amount of power used by the loads connected to the first branch group 7 and the third branch group 27 and the amount of power generated by the distributed power supply 15. If necessary, other general loads during charging of the vehicle 9 (especially temporary) can be used for general loads that allow temporary use restrictions, as appropriate. Can be avoided as much as possible, and energy efficiency can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distribution board 2 Main breaker 3 Bus line 4 Branch breaker 5 Branch line 6 Switch 7 First branch group 8 Second branch group 9 Vehicle 10 Vehicle charging device 11 Control part 12 Connection detection means 13 Switching control means 14 System power supply 15 Distributed power supply device 16 Control unit 17 Connection detection means 18 Power generation measurement means 19 Power measurement means 20 Vehicle power measurement means 21 Determination means 22 Open / close control means 23 First switch 24 Second switch 25 CT
26 CT
27 Third branch group 28 Storage battery 29 Switch 31 Other bus 32 One bus 33 Intermediate bus

Claims (4)

It has a plurality of busbars that can be electrically disconnected by a switch,
A distributed power supply device and a vehicle charging device are connected to a branch circuit branched from one bus,
A charging system comprising: an opening / closing control means for receiving an on-vehicle connection to the vehicle charging device and transmitting an opening / closing control signal to the switch. A control unit having the opening / closing control means;
The control unit further includes connection detection means for detecting vehicle connection information from the vehicle charging device;
A power measuring means for measuring the power consumption of each branch circuit;
Power generation measuring means for measuring the power generation amount of the distributed power supply device;
The charging system according to claim 1, further comprising a determination unit configured to determine whether or not to open / close the switch. 3. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein the control unit further includes vehicle power measuring means for measuring charging power of a connected vehicle. The control unit further includes a power failure detection means for detecting a power failure of the system power supply,
3. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein the determining unit includes comparing the amount of power generation with the power used by the load before the power failure to determine whether the switch is open or closed.

Images