JP2014098366A - Heat storage power generation system and method for controlling the same - Google Patents

Heat storage power generation system and method for controlling the same Download PDF

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JP2014098366A
JP2014098366A JP2012251553A JP2012251553A JP2014098366A JP 2014098366 A JP2014098366 A JP 2014098366A JP 2012251553 A JP2012251553 A JP 2012251553A JP 2012251553 A JP2012251553 A JP 2012251553A JP 2014098366 A JP2014098366 A JP 2014098366A
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heat
power generation
heat storage
heat medium
storage
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JP5461666B1 (en
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Suminao Tomoyasu
純直 友保
Nobuyuki Tsutsui
伸幸 筒井
Shoji Sakai
章次 酒井
Yasumitsu Sato
康光 佐藤
Kazuaki Ezawa
一明 江澤
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat storage power generation system with a heat storage tank, having lower manufacturing cost and improved power generation efficiency, and available as an independent main power source, and to provide a method for controlling the heat storage power generation system.SOLUTION: In a heat storage power generation system 1, the heat storage power generation system 1 independently includes a power-generation-usage heat medium circuit 4S and a heat-storage-usage heat medium circuit 4A, the power-generation-usage heat medium circuit 4S includes a power-generation-usage heat receiving part 3S configured to allow a power-generation-usage heat medium to circulate therein and a power generation system 5 converting heat energy of the power-generation-usage heat medium into electricity, and the heat-storage-usage heat medium circuit 4A includes a heat-storage-usage heat receiving part 3A configured to allow a heat-storage-usage heat medium to circulate therein and at least one heat storage tank 6 receiving heat by supplying the heat-storage-usage heat medium.

Description

本発明は、熱源から発電装置に熱媒を循環させる熱媒回路を有する蓄熱発電装置及びその制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a heat storage power generation apparatus having a heat medium circuit for circulating a heat medium from a heat source to the power generation apparatus, and a control method thereof.

従来、燃料電池等の熱源の排熱を蓄熱する蓄熱槽が利用されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。図７に、一般家庭で使用される燃料電池に、蓄熱槽を付加したシステムの１例を示す。この蓄熱槽を利用したシステム１Ｘは、燃料電池等の熱源２Ｘと、燃料電池等に電線で接続された電化製品等の負荷機器２１と、熱源２Ｘから熱の供給を受けるようにパイプ等で連結された蓄熱槽６Ｘと、蓄熱槽６Ｘから熱の供給を受けるように構成された家庭用温水器等の加熱器２２を有している。また、蓄熱槽６Ｘの熱源２Ｘ側及び加熱器２２側には、それぞれ熱媒の移動を制御するバルブ２３ａ、２３ｂが設置されている。   Conventionally, a heat storage tank that stores exhaust heat of a heat source such as a fuel cell has been used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). FIG. 7 shows an example of a system in which a heat storage tank is added to a fuel cell used in a general household. A system 1X using this heat storage tank is connected with a heat source 2X such as a fuel cell, a load device 21 such as an electric appliance connected to the fuel cell or the like with an electric wire, and a pipe or the like so as to receive heat supply from the heat source 2X. And a heater 22 such as a domestic water heater configured to receive heat supply from the heat storage tank 6X. Further, valves 23a and 23b for controlling the movement of the heat medium are respectively installed on the heat source 2X side and the heater 22 side of the heat storage tank 6X.

次に、このシステム１Ｘの作動について説明する。まず、燃料電池等により発電された電気は、電化製品等の負荷機器２１に供給される。同時に、燃料電池等の熱源２Ｘから発生した熱は、蓄熱槽６Ｘに蓄熱される。このとき、蓄熱槽６Ｘの熱源２Ｘ側のバルブ２３ａが開放され、逆側のバルブ２３ｂは閉止される（蓄熱制御）。   Next, the operation of the system 1X will be described. First, electricity generated by a fuel cell or the like is supplied to a load device 21 such as an electric appliance. At the same time, the heat generated from the heat source 2X such as a fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank 6X. At this time, the valve 23a on the heat source 2X side of the heat storage tank 6X is opened, and the valve 23b on the opposite side is closed (heat storage control).

また、蓄熱槽６Ｘに蓄熱された熱は、必要に応じて、家庭用温水器等の加熱器２２に供給される。このとき、蓄熱槽６Ｘの加熱器２２側のバルブ２３ｂが開放され、逆側のバルブ２３ａは閉止されている（放熱制御）。この構成により、燃料電池等から発電の際に発生する熱を回収し、効率的に利用することが可能となる。   Moreover, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 6X is supplied to a heater 22 such as a domestic water heater as needed. At this time, the valve 23b on the heater 22 side of the heat storage tank 6X is opened, and the valve 23a on the opposite side is closed (heat radiation control). With this configuration, heat generated during power generation from a fuel cell or the like can be recovered and used efficiently.

図８に、工場等の発電装置に蓄熱槽を付加したシステムの１例を示す。ここで、工場等においては、ボイラー等から発生する熱や、ボイラー及びエンジンの排気ガス等の工場排熱を熱源として利用することができる。この蓄熱槽を付加した蓄熱発電装置１Ｙは、ボイラー又はディーゼル発電機等の熱源２Ｙと、熱源２Ｙから熱の供給を受けるように連結された蓄熱槽６Ｙと、蓄熱槽６Ｙから熱の供給を受けるように構成された蒸気タービン１１Ｙを有している。   FIG. 8 shows an example of a system in which a heat storage tank is added to a power generation apparatus such as a factory. Here, in a factory or the like, heat generated from a boiler or the like, or factory exhaust heat such as boiler and engine exhaust gas can be used as a heat source. The heat storage power generation apparatus 1Y to which this heat storage tank is added receives a heat supply from the heat source 2Y such as a boiler or a diesel generator, a heat storage tank 6Y connected to receive heat supply from the heat source 2Y, and heat supply from the heat storage tank 6Y. It has the steam turbine 11Y comprised in this way.

次に、この蓄熱発電装置１Ｙの作動について説明する。ボイラー等の熱源２Ｙから発生した熱は、蓄熱槽６Ｙに蓄熱される。このとき、蓄熱槽６Ｙの熱源２Ｙ側のバルブ２３ａが開放され、逆のバルブ２３ｂは閉止されている（蓄熱制御）。   Next, the operation of the heat storage power generation apparatus 1Y will be described. The heat generated from the heat source 2Y such as a boiler is stored in the heat storage tank 6Y. At this time, the valve 23a on the heat source 2Y side of the heat storage tank 6Y is opened, and the opposite valve 23b is closed (heat storage control).

また、蓄熱槽６Ｙに蓄熱された熱は、必要に応じて、蒸気タービン１１Ｙに供給される。このとき、蓄熱槽６Ｙの蒸気タービン１１Ｙ側のバルブ２３ｂが開放され、逆側のバルブ２３ａは閉止される（放熱制御）。この構成により、工場排熱を効率的に利用して蒸気タービン１１Ｙで発電を行い、工場への電力供給が可能となる。特に、蓄熱槽６Ｙに蓄積された熱を電力に変換することができるため、あらゆる工場でこの蓄熱発電装置１Ｙを利用することができる。   Moreover, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 6Y is supplied to the steam turbine 11Y as necessary. At this time, the valve 23b on the steam turbine 11Y side of the heat storage tank 6Y is opened, and the valve 23a on the opposite side is closed (heat radiation control). With this configuration, the waste heat from the factory is efficiently used to generate power with the steam turbine 11Y, and power can be supplied to the factory. In particular, since heat stored in the heat storage tank 6Y can be converted into electric power, the heat storage power generation apparatus 1Y can be used in any factory.

しかし、上記の蓄熱槽を有する蓄熱発電装置１Ｙは、いくつかの問題点を有している。第１に、蓄熱槽を工場等で利用する場合には、蒸気タービンをメインの独立電源として使用できないという問題を有している。これは、工場排熱が副次的なものであり、エネルギ量が安定しないからである。また、蓄熱槽が、蓄熱制御と放熱制御を同時に行えないからである。そのため、蒸気タービンが水蒸気の供給を受けられず、発電を行えない時間が発生してしまう。   However, the heat storage power generation apparatus 1Y having the heat storage tank has several problems. 1stly, when using a thermal storage tank in a factory etc., there exists a problem that a steam turbine cannot be used as a main independent power supply. This is because the factory exhaust heat is secondary and the amount of energy is not stable. Moreover, it is because a heat storage tank cannot perform heat storage control and heat dissipation control simultaneously. Therefore, the steam turbine cannot receive the supply of water vapor, and a time during which power generation cannot be performed occurs.

第２に、蒸気タービンの発電効率を向上することが困難であるという問題を有している。これは、工場排熱のエネルギ量が安定せず、このエネルギ量に最適な蒸気タービンの発電容量を選定することが困難だからである。また、熱源から発生する熱の急激な変動等により、蓄熱槽の容量を超えるような余剰な熱エネルギが発生した場合は、この熱エネルギを廃棄しなければならないからである。   Secondly, it is difficult to improve the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine. This is because the energy amount of factory exhaust heat is not stable, and it is difficult to select the power generation capacity of the steam turbine that is optimal for this energy amount. In addition, when excessive heat energy exceeding the capacity of the heat storage tank is generated due to a rapid fluctuation of heat generated from the heat source, this heat energy must be discarded.

第３に、蒸気タービンの対費用効果が低いという問題を有している。これは、蒸気タービンの稼働率が低いからである。   Thirdly, the steam turbine has the problem of low cost effectiveness. This is because the operating rate of the steam turbine is low.

以上より、従来は工場排熱等を利用したメインの独立電源を実現することは困難であった。つまり、商用電源や、ディーゼル発電機等をメインの発電装置とし、排熱利用等は付加的な位置付けとしかなりえなかった。   From the above, it has been difficult to realize a main independent power source using factory exhaust heat or the like. In other words, commercial power sources, diesel generators, etc. were used as the main power generators, and waste heat utilization etc. could not be considered as an additional position.

特開２００４−１５０７７３号公報JP 2004-150773 A

本発明は、上記の問題を鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、蓄熱槽を有する蓄熱発電装置において、製造コストを抑制しながら発電効率を向上し、メインの独立電源として使用することが可能な蓄熱発電装置及びその制御方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to improve the power generation efficiency while suppressing the manufacturing cost in a heat storage power generation apparatus having a heat storage tank, and use it as a main independent power supply. An object of the present invention is to provide a possible heat storage power generation apparatus and a control method thereof.

上記の目的を達成するための本発明に係る蓄熱発電装置は、熱源の熱を蓄熱する蓄熱槽と、前記熱源から発電装置に熱媒を循環させる熱媒回路を有する蓄熱発電装置において、前記蓄熱発電装置が、それぞれ独立した発電用熱媒回路と蓄熱用熱媒回路を有しており、前記発電用熱媒回路が、発電用熱媒が循環するように構成された発電用受熱部と、前記発電用熱媒の熱エネルギを電気に変換する発電装置を有しており、前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、蓄熱用熱媒が循環するように構成された蓄熱用受熱部と、前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して熱の授受を行う少なくとも１つの蓄熱槽を有していることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a heat storage power generation apparatus according to the present invention includes a heat storage tank that stores heat of a heat source, and a heat storage circuit that circulates a heat medium from the heat source to the power generation apparatus. The power generation device has a power generation heat medium circuit and a heat storage heat medium circuit that are independent of each other, and the power generation heat medium circuit is configured so that the power generation heat medium circulates; A heat-generating device that converts heat energy of the heat-generating heat medium into electricity, and the heat-storage heat-medium circuit is configured to circulate the heat-storage heat medium; It has at least 1 heat storage tank which supplies a heat medium and transfers heat.

この構成により、蓄熱発電装置は、メインの独立電源として使用することができる。これは、十分な工場排熱等の熱エネルギを得られない場合であっても、蓄熱槽の熱エネルギを利用して安定して発電を行えるからである。   With this configuration, the heat storage power generation device can be used as a main independent power source. This is because even when heat energy such as sufficient factory exhaust heat cannot be obtained, power can be stably generated using the heat energy of the heat storage tank.

また、蓄熱発電装置の発電効率を向上することができる。これは、従来、余剰な熱エネルギとして廃棄されていた熱エネルギを、発電装置及び蓄熱槽にそれぞれ供給し、同時並行的に利用できるからである。   Moreover, the power generation efficiency of the heat storage power generation apparatus can be improved. This is because the heat energy that has conventionally been discarded as surplus heat energy can be supplied to the power generation device and the heat storage tank, respectively, and can be used in parallel.

上記の蓄熱発電装置において、前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、前記蓄熱用熱媒の熱エネルギを前記発電用熱媒に移動させる熱交換器と、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の上流側に形成された高温側回路と、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の下流側に形成された低温側回路を有しており、前記低温側回路が、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の下流側にそれぞれ流量制御弁を有していることを特徴とする。   In the above-described heat storage power generation apparatus, the heat storage heat medium circuit is formed on the upstream side of the heat exchanger that moves the heat energy of the heat storage heat medium to the heat generation medium, and the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger. And a low temperature side circuit formed on the downstream side of the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger, and the low temperature side circuit is provided on the downstream side of the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger, respectively. It has a flow control valve.

この構成により、蓄熱発電装置の製造コストを抑制することができる。これは、流量制御弁により、蓄熱槽を通過する蓄熱用熱媒の流量を制御できるからである。この流量制御弁を設置しない場合は、高温側回路に蓄熱用熱媒の流れを制御する大型且つ高コストの切
り替え弁や流量制御弁を設置しなくてはならない。この高温側の弁は、耐熱性等の要求が厳しいため高コストとなってしまう。 With this configuration, the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation device can be suppressed. This is because the flow rate of the heat storage heat medium passing through the heat storage tank can be controlled by the flow rate control valve. If this flow control valve is not installed, a large and high-cost switching valve or flow control valve for controlling the flow of the heat storage heat medium must be installed in the high-temperature circuit. This high temperature side valve is costly due to severe requirements such as heat resistance.

上記の蓄熱発電装置において、前記低温側回路が、前記蓄熱槽の下流側にそれぞれ設置された三方弁を有しており、前記三方弁が、切り替え制御により前記低温側回路を流れる前記蓄熱用熱媒を前記蓄熱槽の下流側から上流側に向けて流すように構成されたことを特徴とする。   In the above-described heat storage power generation apparatus, the low temperature side circuit has a three-way valve installed on the downstream side of the heat storage tank, and the three-way valve flows through the low temperature side circuit by switching control. The medium is configured to flow from the downstream side to the upstream side of the heat storage tank.

この構成により、蓄熱発電装置の製造コストを抑制することができる。これは、三方弁により、蓄熱槽から熱エネルギを取り出し、高温側回路を介して熱交換器に熱エネルギを伝達することが容易にできるからである。また、蓄熱槽ごとに三方弁を設置する構成により、蓄熱を行う蓄熱槽と、放熱を行う蓄熱槽を任意に選択する制御を行うことができる。   With this configuration, the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation device can be suppressed. This is because the three-way valve can easily extract heat energy from the heat storage tank and transfer the heat energy to the heat exchanger via the high temperature side circuit. Moreover, the structure which installs a three-way valve for every heat storage tank can perform control which selects arbitrarily the heat storage tank which performs heat storage, and the heat storage tank which performs heat dissipation.

上記の蓄熱発電装置において、前記蓄熱用熱媒が、空気であることを特徴とする。この構成により、蓄熱発電装置の製造コストを抑制することができる。これは、例えば熱媒を水蒸気とした場合と比べて、蓄熱用熱媒回路及び蓄熱槽の内部の圧力を低圧（大気圧程度）にできるからである。なお、発電装置を蒸気タービンとした場合、発電用熱媒は水蒸気とすることが望ましい。この構成により、発電用受熱部や蓄熱槽の熱で生成された水蒸気を直接発電装置に供給し、熱効率を維持できるからである。   In the above heat storage power generation apparatus, the heat storage heat medium is air. With this configuration, the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation device can be suppressed. This is because, for example, the internal pressure of the heat storage heat medium circuit and the heat storage tank can be reduced to a low pressure (about atmospheric pressure) as compared with the case where the heat medium is steam. When the power generation device is a steam turbine, it is desirable that the heat generating medium be steam. This is because, with this configuration, the steam generated by the heat of the heat receiving portion for power generation and the heat storage tank can be directly supplied to the power generation device, and the thermal efficiency can be maintained.

上記の蓄熱発電装置において、前記蓄熱発電装置が、制御装置を有しており、前記制御装置が、前記蓄熱槽から前記蓄熱用熱媒及び前記熱交換器を介して、前記発電用熱媒に熱エネルギを伝達し、前記熱エネルギを利用して前記発電装置で発電する蓄熱発電制御を行う構成を有していることを特徴とする。   In the above-described heat storage power generation device, the heat storage power generation device has a control device, and the control device transfers the heat storage medium from the heat storage tank to the heat generation medium via the heat storage heat medium and the heat exchanger. It has the structure which performs the thermal storage electric power generation control which transmits thermal energy and generates electric power with the said electric power generating apparatus using the said thermal energy.

この構成により、蓄熱発電装置の製造コストを抑制できる。これは、蓄熱槽の熱エネルギで発電を行う際、発電用熱媒回路に連結された発電装置を利用できるからである。また、蓄熱発電装置は、十分な工場排熱等の熱エネルギを得られない場合であっても、安定して発電を行えるからである。これは、蓄熱発電制御により、蓄熱槽の熱エネルギを利用して発電を行えるからである。   With this configuration, the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation device can be suppressed. This is because the power generation device connected to the power generation heat medium circuit can be used when generating power with the heat energy of the heat storage tank. Moreover, even if it is a case where thermal energy such as sufficient factory exhaust heat cannot be obtained, the heat storage power generation apparatus can stably generate power. This is because power generation can be performed using the thermal energy of the heat storage tank by the heat storage power generation control.

上記の目的を達成するための本発明に係る蓄熱発電装置の制御方法は、熱源の熱を蓄熱する蓄熱槽と、前記熱源から発電装置に熱媒を循環させる熱媒回路を有する蓄熱発電装置であり、前記蓄熱発電装置が、それぞれ独立した発電用熱媒回路と蓄熱用熱媒回路を有しており、前記発電用熱媒回路が、発電用熱媒が循環するように構成された発電用受熱部と、前記発電用熱媒の熱エネルギを電気に変換する発電装置を有しており、前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、蓄熱用熱媒が循環するように構成された蓄熱用受熱部と、前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して熱の授受を行う少なくとも１つの蓄熱槽を有した蓄熱発電装置の制御方法であって、前記熱源から前記発電用熱媒回路を介して前記発電装置に前記発電用熱媒を供給して発電制御を行う発電ステップと、前記熱源から前記蓄熱用熱媒回路を介して前記蓄熱槽に前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して蓄熱制御を行う蓄熱ステップと、前記蓄熱槽から前記蓄熱用熱媒を介して前記発電用熱媒に熱エネルギを伝達し、前記熱エネルギを利用して前記発電装置で発電する蓄熱発電制御を行う蓄熱発電ステップを有することを特徴とする。この構成により、前述と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。   In order to achieve the above object, a method for controlling a heat storage power generator according to the present invention includes a heat storage tank that stores heat from a heat source, and a heat storage power generator that includes a heat medium circuit that circulates a heat medium from the heat source to the power generator. And the heat storage power generation device has a power generation heat medium circuit and a heat storage heat medium circuit independent from each other, and the power generation heat medium circuit is configured to circulate the power generation heat medium. A heat receiving section, and a power generating device that converts the heat energy of the power generating heat medium into electricity, and the heat storage heat medium circuit is configured to circulate the heat storage heat medium; , A method for controlling a heat storage power generation device having at least one heat storage tank for supplying and receiving heat by supplying the heat storage heat storage medium, wherein the power generation device is supplied from the heat source to the power generation device via the power generation heat medium circuit. A power generation step that controls power generation by supplying a heat medium for power generation, and A heat storage step of supplying heat storage heat medium to the heat storage tank from the heat source via the heat storage heat medium circuit and performing heat storage control; and from the heat storage tank to the heat generating medium via the heat storage heat medium. It has a thermal storage power generation step of performing thermal storage power generation control for transmitting thermal energy and generating electric power with the power generator using the thermal energy. With this configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

上記の蓄熱発電装置の制御方法において、前記発電ステップを実行する際に、複数の前記蓄熱槽のうち少なくとも１つが放熱するように前記蓄熱発電ステップを同時に実行することを特徴とする。   In the control method for the heat storage power generation apparatus, when the power generation step is executed, the heat storage power generation step is executed simultaneously so that at least one of the plurality of heat storage tanks dissipates heat.

この構成により、工場排熱等の熱源から供給される熱エネルギの量が変動したとしても
、発電量を一定に維持することができる。これは、蓄熱槽から放熱される熱エネルギが、バッファとして働き、不足する熱エネルギを補うように発電用熱媒に供給されるからである。 With this configuration, even if the amount of heat energy supplied from a heat source such as factory exhaust heat fluctuates, the power generation amount can be maintained constant. This is because the heat energy radiated from the heat storage tank functions as a buffer and is supplied to the heat generating medium so as to compensate for the insufficient heat energy.

本発明による蓄熱発電装置及びその制御方法によれば、製造コストを抑制しながら発電効率を向上し、メインの独立電源として使用することが可能な蓄熱発電装置及びその制御方法を提供することができる。   According to the thermal storage power generation apparatus and the control method thereof according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thermal storage power generation apparatus that can be used as a main independent power source and a control method thereof that improve power generation efficiency while suppressing manufacturing costs. .

本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置の概略を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the outline of the thermal storage power generation apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置の概略を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the outline of the thermal storage power generation apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 蓄熱発電装置におけるエネルギの変化量と時刻の関係を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the relationship between the variation | change_quantity of the energy in a thermal storage power generation apparatus, and time. 本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置の異なる制御の概略を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the outline of the different control of the thermal storage power generation apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置の異なる制御の概略を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the outline of the different control of the thermal storage power generation apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 蓄熱発電装置におけるエネルギの変化量と時刻の関係の異なる例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the example from which the relationship between the variation | change_quantity of the energy in a thermal storage power generation apparatus and time differs. 従来の蓄熱槽を付加したシステムの一例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed an example of the system which added the conventional heat storage tank. 従来の蓄熱槽を付加したシステムの異なる例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the different example of the system which added the conventional heat storage tank.

以下、本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置及びその制御方法について、図面を参照しながら説明する。図１に、本発明に係る実施の形態の蓄熱発電装置の概略を示す。蓄熱発電装置１は、それぞれ独立した発電用熱媒回路４Ｓと蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａを有している。   Hereinafter, a thermal storage power generation apparatus and a control method thereof according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the outline of the thermal storage power generation apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown. The heat storage power generation device 1 includes a power generation heat medium circuit 4S and a heat storage heat medium circuit 4A that are independent of each other.

発電用熱媒回路４Ｓは、熱源２から熱を受け且つ発電用熱媒（例えば水蒸気）が循環するように構成された発電用受熱部３Ｓと、発電用熱媒の熱エネルギを電気に変換する発電装置５を有している。発電用熱媒を水蒸気とした場合、この発電装置５は、蒸気タービン１１及び発電機１２で構成される。発電用熱媒回路４Ｓは、発電用受熱部３Ｓで加熱された水蒸気等の発電用熱媒を、発電装置５に循環させ、再び発電用受熱部３Ｓに戻すように構成されている。   The power generation heat medium circuit 4S receives heat from the heat source 2 and converts the heat energy of the power generation heat medium into electricity, and the heat generation heat receiving part 3S configured to circulate the power generation heat medium (for example, water vapor). A power generation device 5 is provided. When the power generation heat medium is steam, the power generation device 5 includes a steam turbine 11 and a generator 12. The power generation heat medium circuit 4S is configured to circulate a power generation heat medium such as steam heated by the power generation heat receiving unit 3S through the power generation device 5 and return it to the power generation heat receiving unit 3S again.

蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａは、熱源２から熱を受け且つ蓄熱用熱媒（例えば空気）が循環するように構成された蓄熱用受熱部３Ａと、蓄熱用熱媒を供給して熱の授受を行う第１蓄熱槽６ａ、第２蓄熱槽６ｂ、第３蓄熱槽６ｃ（以下、総称する場合は蓄熱槽６とする）を有している。また、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａは、空気等の蓄熱用熱媒の熱エネルギを発電用熱媒に移動させる熱交換器７を有している。ここで、蓄熱用熱媒を空気等の気体とした場合、この空気等を蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに送り込むためのブロア１３を設置することが望ましい。   The heat storage heat medium circuit 4A receives heat from the heat source 2 and supplies a heat storage heat receiving part 3A configured to circulate a heat storage heat medium (for example, air), and transfers heat by supplying the heat storage heat medium. It has the 1st heat storage tank 6a, the 2nd heat storage tank 6b, and the 3rd heat storage tank 6c (henceforth the heat storage tank 6 is named generically) to perform. The heat storage heat medium circuit 4A includes a heat exchanger 7 that moves the heat energy of the heat storage heat medium such as air to the power generation heat medium. Here, when the heat storage heat medium is a gas such as air, it is desirable to install a blower 13 for sending the air or the like to the heat storage heat receiving portion 3A.

蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａは、蓄熱用受熱部３Ａで加熱された空気等の蓄熱用熱媒を、蓄熱槽６及び熱交換器７に循環させ、再び蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに戻すように構成されている。ここで、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａにおいて、蓄熱槽６及び熱交換器７の上流側の回路を特に高温側回路と呼び、蓄熱槽６及び熱交換器７の下流側の回路を特に低温側回路と呼ぶこととする。この低温側回路は、各蓄熱槽６及び熱交換器７の下流側にそれぞれ設置された流量制御弁１４を有している。また、低温側回路は、各蓄熱槽６の下流側にそれぞれ設置された三方弁１５を有している。更に、蓄熱発電装置１は、この流量制御弁１４や三方弁１５等を制御するための制御装置８を有している。なお、一点鎖線は信号線を示している。また、流量制御弁１４及び三方弁１５のうち、閉止しているものは、黒で塗りつぶして示している。   The heat storage heat medium circuit 4A is configured to circulate a heat storage heat medium such as air heated by the heat storage heat receiving section 3A through the heat storage tank 6 and the heat exchanger 7 and return it to the heat storage heat receiving section 3A again. ing. Here, in the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A, the upstream circuit of the heat storage tank 6 and the heat exchanger 7 is particularly called a high-temperature circuit, and the downstream circuit of the heat storage tank 6 and the heat exchanger 7 is particularly a low-temperature circuit. I will call it. This low temperature side circuit has flow control valves 14 installed on the downstream sides of the respective heat storage tanks 6 and the heat exchanger 7. Moreover, the low temperature side circuit has the three-way valve 15 installed in the downstream of each heat storage tank 6, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal storage power generation apparatus 1 has a control device 8 for controlling the flow rate control valve 14, the three-way valve 15, and the like. The alternate long and short dash line indicates a signal line. Of the flow control valve 14 and the three-way valve 15, those that are closed are shown in black.

次に、蓄熱発電装置１の作動について説明する。まず、蓄熱発電装置１に、工場排熱等の熱源から熱エネルギが十分に供給されている場合の作動について説明する。発電用熱媒回路４Ｓでは、発電用熱媒（以下、水蒸気を例に説明する）が、発電用受熱部３Ｓで例えば約１００〜８５０℃に加熱され、蒸気タービン１１に送られる。蒸気タービン１１を通過した水蒸気は、再び発電用受熱部３Ｓに送られる。以上を繰り返しながら、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓは、発電を行う（発電制御、又は発電ステップ）。   Next, the operation of the heat storage power generator 1 will be described. First, an operation when heat energy is sufficiently supplied to the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 from a heat source such as factory exhaust heat will be described. In the power generation heat medium circuit 4 </ b> S, a power generation heat medium (which will be described below using steam as an example) is heated to, for example, about 100 to 850 ° C. in the power generation heat receiving unit 3 </ b> S and sent to the steam turbine 11. The water vapor that has passed through the steam turbine 11 is sent again to the heat receiving portion 3S for power generation. While repeating the above, the power generating heat medium circuit 4S performs power generation (power generation control or power generation step).

他方、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａでは、蓄熱用熱媒（以下、空気を例に説明する）が、蓄熱用受熱部３Ａで例えば約１００〜８５０℃に加熱され、蓄熱槽６に送られる。蓄熱槽６で熱を奪われ約６０〜２００℃となった空気は、再び蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに送られる。このとき、熱交換器７は使用しないので、熱交換器７の低温側回路（下流側）に設置した流量制御弁１４は閉止している。以上を繰り返しながら、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａは、蓄熱槽６に熱エネルギを蓄積していく（蓄熱制御、又は蓄熱ステップ）。ここで、蓄熱発電装置１は、発電制御及び蓄熱制御を同時並行的に行っている。   On the other hand, in the heat storage heat medium circuit 4 </ b> A, a heat storage heat medium (hereinafter, air will be described as an example) is heated to, for example, about 100 to 850 ° C. in the heat storage heat receiving portion 3 </ b> A and sent to the heat storage tank 6. The air that has been deprived of heat in the heat storage tank 6 and has reached about 60 to 200 ° C. is sent again to the heat storage heat receiving portion 3A. At this time, since the heat exchanger 7 is not used, the flow control valve 14 installed in the low temperature side circuit (downstream side) of the heat exchanger 7 is closed. While repeating the above, the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A accumulates thermal energy in the heat storage tank 6 (heat storage control or heat storage step). Here, the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 performs power generation control and heat storage control simultaneously.

次に、蓄熱発電装置１に、工場排熱等の熱源から熱エネルギが十分に供給されない場合の作動について、図２を参照しながら説明する。このとき、発電用受熱部３Ｓ及び蓄熱用受熱部３Ａは、熱源２から十分な熱エネルギを受けることができない。蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａでは、三方弁１５の切り替えにより、空気が蓄熱槽６の下流側（図２下方）から上流側に送られる。蓄熱槽６から熱を受け約１００〜８５０℃に加熱された空気は、熱交換器７に送られる。熱交換器７で熱を奪われた空気は、再び蓄熱槽６に送られる。なお、ブロア１３と蓄熱用受熱部３Ａの間に設置した流量制御弁１４は閉止している。また、流量制御弁１４や三方弁１５は、制御装置８により開閉を制御される。   Next, an operation when heat energy is not sufficiently supplied to the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 from a heat source such as factory exhaust heat will be described with reference to FIG. At this time, the heat receiving portion 3 </ b> S for power generation and the heat receiving portion 3 </ b> A for heat storage cannot receive sufficient heat energy from the heat source 2. In the heat storage heat medium circuit 4 </ b> A, air is sent from the downstream side (downward in FIG. 2) to the upstream side of the heat storage tank 6 by switching the three-way valve 15. The air heated to about 100 to 850 ° C. by receiving heat from the heat storage tank 6 is sent to the heat exchanger 7. The air deprived of heat by the heat exchanger 7 is sent to the heat storage tank 6 again. In addition, the flow control valve 14 installed between the blower 13 and the heat receiving heat receiving part 3A is closed. The flow control valve 14 and the three-way valve 15 are controlled to be opened and closed by the control device 8.

他方、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓでは、水蒸気が、熱交換器７で約１００〜８５０℃に加熱され、蒸気タービン１１に送られる。蒸気タービン１１を通過した水蒸気は、再び熱交換器７に送られる。以上を繰り返しながら、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓは、蓄熱槽６の熱エネルギを利用して発電装置５で発電を行う。（蓄熱発電制御、又は蓄熱発電ステップ）   On the other hand, in the heat generating medium circuit 4 </ b> S, the steam is heated to about 100 to 850 ° C. by the heat exchanger 7 and sent to the steam turbine 11. The steam that has passed through the steam turbine 11 is sent to the heat exchanger 7 again. While repeating the above, the power generation heat medium circuit 4 </ b> S generates power with the power generation device 5 using the thermal energy of the heat storage tank 6. (Thermal storage power generation control or thermal storage power generation step)

図３に、蓄熱発電装置１におけるエネルギの変化量と時刻の関係を示す。図３のグラフにおいて、ＥＩＮは、発電用受熱部３Ｓ及び蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに受けた熱源２の熱エネルギの合計量を示している。この熱エネルギである入力エネルギＥＩＮは、例えば工場等において始業開始（８時）から熱源２であるボイラー等から排熱が開始され、昼間休み（１２時ごろ）に一旦排熱が低減し、その後終業（１７時から１９時）にかけて排熱が停止されていく様子を示している。 FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the amount of change in energy and time in the heat storage power generation apparatus 1. In the graph of FIG. 3, E IN indicates the total amount of heat energy of the heat source 2 received by the heat receiving unit 3S for power generation and the heat receiving unit 3A for heat storage. The input energy E IN is thermal energy, for example, opening starts in a factory or the like is heat starts from (8:00) from a boiler or the like which is a heat source 2, once reduced waste heat during the day off (at around 12), After that, exhaust heat is stopped from the end of work (17:00 to 19:00).

また、Ｅ０は、発電制御により、発電用受熱部３Ｓに受けた熱エネルギを、電力に変換した際の出力エネルギ量を示している。この出力エネルギ量Ｅ０は、蒸気タービン等の発電装置の定格出力により決定される。更に、Ｅ１、Ｅ２、Ｅ３は、蓄熱制御により、蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに受けた熱エネルギを、蓄熱槽６に蓄熱した際のエネルギ量を示している。ここで、Ｅ１及びＥ２は、発電装置の定格出力を超える熱エネルギであり、発電装置に送っても電力に変換できない熱エネルギである。また、Ｅ３は、発電装置の定格出力に満たない熱エネルギであり、発電装置に送っても効率よく電力に変換できない熱エネルギである。加えて、Ｅ４は、蓄熱発電制御により、蓄熱槽６に溜めた熱エネルギを、電力に変換した際の出力エネルギ量を示している。   Moreover, E0 has shown the output energy amount at the time of converting the heat energy received in the heat receiving part 3S for electric power generation into electric power by electric power generation control. This output energy amount E0 is determined by the rated output of a power generator such as a steam turbine. Furthermore, E1, E2, E3 have shown the energy amount at the time of heat-storing in the heat storage tank 6 the thermal energy received to 3A of heat storage parts by heat storage control. Here, E1 and E2 are thermal energy exceeding the rated output of the power generation device, and are heat energy that cannot be converted into electric power even if sent to the power generation device. E3 is thermal energy that is less than the rated output of the power generation device, and is thermal energy that cannot be efficiently converted into electric power even if it is sent to the power generation device. In addition, E4 indicates the amount of output energy when the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 6 is converted into electric power by heat storage power generation control.

なお、工場等においては、複数の機器からの排熱等を組み合わせて、熱源２として利用することもできる。   In a factory or the like, exhaust heat from a plurality of devices can be combined and used as the heat source 2.

上記の構成により、以下の作用効果を得ることができる。第１に、蓄熱発電装置１を、メインの発電プラントとして独立して使用することができる。十分な排熱（熱エネルギ）を得られない時間帯（例えば１２〜１３時、及び１７時以降）であっても、蓄熱槽６に溜めた熱エネルギを利用して安定して発電を行えるからである。なお、蓄熱槽６の容量次第では、蓄熱槽６に溜めた熱エネルギを利用して、例えばボイラー等の熱源２の稼動は停止しているが、工場等での電力消費が必要となる夜間であっても、電力を安定して供給することが可能となる。   With the above configuration, the following operational effects can be obtained. First, the heat storage power generation device 1 can be used independently as a main power plant. Even in a time zone where sufficient exhaust heat (heat energy) cannot be obtained (for example, from 12 to 13 o'clock and after 17 o'clock), it is possible to stably generate power using the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 6. It is. Depending on the capacity of the heat storage tank 6, the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 6 is used to stop the operation of the heat source 2 such as a boiler, but at night when power consumption is required in a factory or the like. Even if it exists, it becomes possible to supply electric power stably.

第２に、蓄熱発電装置１の発電効率を飛躍的に向上することができる。これは、従来、発電に寄与しなかった熱エネルギ（Ｅ１〜Ｅ３に相当）を、蓄熱槽６に蓄熱し、発電に利用できるからである。特に、発電制御を行う発電用熱媒回路４Ｓと、蓄熱制御を行う蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａをそれぞれ独立した回路として形成した構成により、発電制御に影響を与えることなく、余剰エネルギＥ１、Ｅ２のみを利用して蓄熱制御を実行することが可能となる。また、蓄熱槽６は、熱源２からの入力エネルギＥＩＮの小さい１７時以降であっても、エネルギＥ３を回収して溜めることができる。 Secondly, the power generation efficiency of the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 can be dramatically improved. This is because heat energy (equivalent to E1 to E3) that has not conventionally contributed to power generation can be stored in the heat storage tank 6 and used for power generation. In particular, the power generation heat medium circuit 4S for performing power generation control and the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A for performing heat storage control are formed as independent circuits, so that only the surplus energy E1, E2 is exerted without affecting the power generation control. It becomes possible to execute heat storage control using. Further, heat storage tank 6 may be a small 17 o'clock of the input energy E IN of the heat source 2, it can be accumulated to recover the energy E3.

第３に、蓄熱発電装置１の製造コストを抑制することができる。これは、流量制御弁１４を設置する構成により、蓄熱槽６を通過する空気の流量を制御できるからである。この流量制御弁１４を設置しない場合は、高温側回路に蓄熱用熱媒の流れを制御するための大型且つ高コストのダンパー等の切り替え弁や流量制御弁を設置しなくてはならないからである。具体的には、蓄熱用熱媒を気体とした場合は、温度により体積が大幅に膨張するため、高温側回路の管径は、低温側回路の管径に比べ大きくなり、必要となる弁が大きくなり、高コストとなる。   3rdly, the manufacturing cost of the thermal storage power generation apparatus 1 can be suppressed. This is because the flow rate of air passing through the heat storage tank 6 can be controlled by the configuration in which the flow rate control valve 14 is installed. When this flow control valve 14 is not installed, it is necessary to install a switching valve such as a large and high cost damper or a flow control valve for controlling the flow of the heat storage heat medium in the high temperature side circuit. . Specifically, when the heat storage heat medium is gas, the volume expands greatly depending on the temperature. Therefore, the tube diameter of the high-temperature circuit is larger than the tube diameter of the low-temperature circuit, and the required valve It becomes large and expensive.

なお、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓと蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａの間に熱交換器７を設置しない構成とすることもできる。この構成であっても、蒸気タービン等の発電装置の定格を超える熱エネルギや、定格に足りない熱エネルギ等、発電に寄与しなかった熱源２の入力エネルギ（Ｅ１〜Ｅ３に相当）から、電力を回収することができる。ただし、この場合は、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａに別途発電装置を設置する必要があり、蓄熱発電装置１の製造コストが上昇する。   In addition, it can also be set as the structure which does not install the heat exchanger 7 between the heat medium circuit 4S for electric power generation, and the heat medium circuit 4A for heat storage. Even with this configuration, the power from the input energy (equivalent to E1 to E3) of the heat source 2 that did not contribute to power generation, such as thermal energy exceeding the rating of the power generation device such as a steam turbine, thermal energy that is not sufficient for the rating, etc. Can be recovered. However, in this case, it is necessary to separately install a power generation device in the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A, and the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation device 1 increases.

また、蓄熱槽６は、少なくとも１つ設置されていればよい。この蓄熱槽６には、蓄熱材として水等の液体を充填してもよいが、固体の蓄熱材を利用することが望ましい。具体的には、セラミックやコンクリート等を、球状、粒子状又は塊状に形成して蓄熱槽６に充填することができる。   Moreover, the heat storage tank 6 should just be installed at least one. The heat storage tank 6 may be filled with a liquid such as water as a heat storage material, but it is desirable to use a solid heat storage material. Specifically, ceramic, concrete, or the like can be formed into a spherical shape, a particle shape, or a lump shape, and filled into the heat storage tank 6.

更に、蓄熱用熱媒は、既存の液体及び気体を利用することができるが、望ましくは空気とする。この構成により、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａ及び蓄熱槽６の内部の圧力を低圧（大気圧程度）とすることができ、蓄熱発電装置１の製造コストを抑制できるからである。   Furthermore, as the heat storage heat medium, an existing liquid and gas can be used, but preferably air. This is because the internal pressure of the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A and the heat storage tank 6 can be set to a low pressure (about atmospheric pressure) by this configuration, and the manufacturing cost of the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 can be suppressed.

加えて、発電用熱媒は、既存の液体及び気体を利用することができるが、望ましくは水蒸気とする。この構成により、発電用受熱部３Ｓや熱交換器７で生成された水蒸気を直接発電装置５の蒸気タービン１１に供給し、熱効率を維持できるからである。   In addition, the heat medium for power generation can use existing liquids and gases, but is preferably water vapor. This is because, with this configuration, the steam generated by the power generation heat receiving portion 3S and the heat exchanger 7 can be directly supplied to the steam turbine 11 of the power generation device 5 to maintain thermal efficiency.

加えて、発電装置５は、発電用熱媒の性質等を考慮し、適宜選択することができる。具体的には、蒸気タービンの他、マイクロタービンや水車等を利用してもよい。   In addition, the power generation device 5 can be appropriately selected in consideration of the properties of the heat generating medium. Specifically, in addition to the steam turbine, a micro turbine, a water turbine, or the like may be used.

図４に、蓄熱発電装置１に、熱源２から熱エネルギが十分に供給される場合の異なる制御方法の概略を示す。図４に示すように、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａは、一部の蓄熱槽６ａ、６
ｂに蓄熱用受熱部３Ａで加熱された空気を送り、蓄熱制御を行うと同時に、一部の蓄熱槽６ｃで加熱された空気を熱交換器７に送り、この熱で発電用熱媒回路４Ｓの水蒸気を加熱し、発電を行う蓄熱発電制御を行っている（バッファ制御）。このバッファ制御を行う蓄熱発電装置１は、少なくとも２つの蓄熱槽６を有している。なお、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓは、図１に示した場合と同様に、発電装置５に、発電用受熱部３Ｓで加熱された水蒸気を送り、発電制御を行っている。 In FIG. 4, the outline of the different control method in case heat energy is fully supplied from the heat source 2 to the thermal storage electric power generating apparatus 1 is shown. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat storage heat medium circuit 4 </ b> A includes some heat storage tanks 6 a and 6.
The air heated by the heat storage heat receiving part 3A is sent to b to perform heat storage control, and at the same time, the air heated in a part of the heat storage tank 6c is sent to the heat exchanger 7, and this heat generates heat medium circuit 4S for power generation. Heat storage power generation control is performed to heat the water vapor and generate power (buffer control). The heat storage power generation apparatus 1 that performs this buffer control has at least two heat storage tanks 6. As in the case shown in FIG. 1, the power generation heat medium circuit 4 </ b> S sends the steam heated by the power generation heat receiving portion 3 </ b> S to the power generation device 5 to perform power generation control.

また、蓄熱発電装置１に、熱源２から熱エネルギが十分に供給されない場合は、図５に示すように、各流量制御弁１４及び三方弁１５を、制御装置８により制御し、蓄熱発電制御を行う。このとき、熱源２からの熱エネルギが十分に供給される場合に、熱エネルギを放出していた蓄熱槽６ｃには、蓄熱用熱媒が流れないように、流量制御弁１４を閉止することが望ましい。   In addition, when the heat energy is not sufficiently supplied from the heat source 2 to the heat storage power generator 1, the flow control valve 14 and the three-way valve 15 are controlled by the control device 8 as shown in FIG. Do. At this time, when the heat energy from the heat source 2 is sufficiently supplied, the flow control valve 14 may be closed so that the heat storage heat medium does not flow into the heat storage tank 6c that has released the heat energy. desirable.

図６に、前述のバッファ制御を利用した蓄熱発電装置１におけるエネルギの変化量と時刻の関係を示す。図６のグラフにおいて、ＥＩＮは、発電用受熱部３Ｓ及び蓄熱用受熱部３Ａに受けた熱源２の熱エネルギの合計量を示している。この入力エネルギＥＩＮは、熱源２となる複数の機器の運転状況によって、短時間で急激に変動する可能性がある。 FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the amount of change in energy and time in the heat storage power generation apparatus 1 using the above-described buffer control. In the graph of FIG. 6, E IN indicates the total amount of heat energy of the heat source 2 received by the heat receiving unit 3S for power generation and the heat receiving unit 3A for heat storage. The input energy E IN, depending the operating conditions of a plurality of heating appliances as 2, can vary sharply in a short time.

この入力エネルギＥＩＮの変動により、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓを流れる水蒸気等のエネルギ量が変動し、発電装置５による出力エネルギ量Ｅ０が変動する可能性がある。しかし、前述のバッファ制御を行うことにより、発電用熱媒回路４Ｓの水蒸気等のエネルギ量が不足した場合は、蓄熱槽６から水蒸気等に熱エネルギを供給することができる。つまり、バッファ制御により、たとえ、熱源２となる機器の運転状況に変化があったとしても、発電装置５による発電量を一定に維持することが可能となる。ここで、バッファ制御により、蓄熱槽６から放出される熱エネルギは、その放出タイミング等を特に制御されておらず、蓄熱用熱媒回路４Ａに常時放出されるように構成している。この構成により、入力エネルギＥＩＮに瞬間的な変動が生じたとしても、発電装置５は、発電量を一定に維持することができる。 By variation of the input energy E IN, the amount of energy such as steam flowing in the power generating heat medium circuit 4S varies, output energy amount E0 by the power generation device 5 may vary. However, by performing the buffer control described above, when the amount of energy such as water vapor in the heat generating medium circuit 4S is insufficient, heat energy can be supplied from the heat storage tank 6 to water vapor or the like. That is, the amount of power generated by the power generation device 5 can be kept constant by the buffer control even if there is a change in the operating status of the equipment that is the heat source 2. Here, by the buffer control, the heat energy released from the heat storage tank 6 is not particularly controlled in its release timing or the like, and is configured to be always released to the heat storage heat medium circuit 4A. With this configuration, even momentary fluctuations in the input energy E IN occurs, power generating apparatus 5 can maintain the power generation amount constant.

また、バッファ制御の採用により、発電装置５を選定する際に定格出力の大きいものを採用することが可能となる。これは、発電装置５に、安定した熱エネルギを供給することができるからである。   In addition, by adopting buffer control, it is possible to adopt a device with a large rated output when selecting the power generation device 5. This is because stable heat energy can be supplied to the power generation device 5.

なお、バッファ制御を行う蓄熱発電装置１は、三方弁１５を設置する構成により、蓄熱槽６から熱エネルギを取り出し、高温側回路を介して熱交換器７に熱エネルギを伝達することが容易にできる。また、蓄熱槽６ごとに三方弁１５を設置する構成により、蓄熱を行う蓄熱槽６と、放熱を行う蓄熱槽６を任意に選択する制御を行うことができる。   In addition, the thermal storage power generation apparatus 1 that performs buffer control can easily extract thermal energy from the thermal storage tank 6 and transmit the thermal energy to the heat exchanger 7 through the high-temperature circuit by the configuration in which the three-way valve 15 is installed. it can. Moreover, the structure which installs the three-way valve 15 for every heat storage tank 6 can perform control which arbitrarily selects the heat storage tank 6 which stores heat, and the heat storage tank 6 which performs heat dissipation.

１ 蓄熱発電装置
２ 熱源
３Ｓ 発電用受熱部
３Ａ 蓄熱用受熱部
４Ｓ 発電用熱媒回路
４Ａ 蓄熱用熱媒回路
５ 発電装置
６、６ａ、６ｂ、６ｃ 蓄熱槽
７ 熱交換器
８ 制御装置
１１ 蒸気タービン
１２ 発電機
１４ 流量制御弁
１５ 三方弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat storage power generator 2 Heat source 3S Heat receiving part 3A Heat receiving part 4S Heat receiving part 4S Heat generating medium circuit 4A Heat storing heat medium circuit 5 Power generating unit 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Heat storage tank 7 Heat exchanger 8 Control unit 11 Steam turbine 12 Generator 14 Flow control valve 15 Three-way valve

Claims (7)

熱源の熱を蓄熱する蓄熱槽と、前記熱源から発電装置に熱媒を循環させる熱媒回路を有する蓄熱発電装置において、
前記蓄熱発電装置が、それぞれ独立した発電用熱媒回路と蓄熱用熱媒回路を有しており、
前記発電用熱媒回路が、発電用熱媒が循環するように構成された発電用受熱部と、前記発電用熱媒の熱エネルギを電気に変換する発電装置を有しており、
前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、蓄熱用熱媒が循環するように構成された蓄熱用受熱部と、前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して熱の授受を行う少なくとも１つの蓄熱槽を有していることを特徴とする蓄熱発電装置。 In a heat storage power generation apparatus having a heat storage tank for storing heat of a heat source and a heat medium circuit for circulating a heat medium from the heat source to the power generation apparatus,
The heat storage power generation device has a heat medium circuit for power generation and a heat medium circuit for heat storage that are independent from each other,
The power generation heat medium circuit includes a power generation heat receiving portion configured to circulate the power generation heat medium, and a power generation device that converts heat energy of the power generation heat medium into electricity,
The heat storage heat medium circuit includes a heat storage heat receiving section configured to circulate the heat storage heat medium, and at least one heat storage tank that supplies the heat storage heat medium and transfers heat. A heat storage power generator characterized by that. 前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、前記蓄熱用熱媒の熱エネルギを前記発電用熱媒に移動させる熱交換器と、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の上流側に形成された高温側回路と、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の下流側に形成された低温側回路を有しており、
前記低温側回路が、前記蓄熱槽及び前記熱交換器の下流側にそれぞれ流量制御弁を有していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の蓄熱発電装置。 The heat storage heat medium circuit is a heat exchanger that moves the heat energy of the heat storage heat medium to the power generation heat medium, and a high temperature side circuit formed on the upstream side of the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger, It has a low temperature side circuit formed on the downstream side of the heat storage tank and the heat exchanger,
The thermal storage power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature side circuit has a flow rate control valve on the downstream side of the thermal storage tank and the heat exchanger, respectively. 前記低温側回路が、前記蓄熱槽の下流側にそれぞれ設置された三方弁を有しており、
前記三方弁が、切り替え制御により前記低温側回路を流れる前記蓄熱用熱媒を前記蓄熱槽の下流側から上流側に向けて流すように構成されたことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の蓄熱発電装置。 The low temperature side circuit has a three-way valve respectively installed on the downstream side of the heat storage tank;
3. The heat storage according to claim 2, wherein the three-way valve is configured to flow the heat storage heat medium flowing through the low-temperature circuit by switching control from the downstream side to the upstream side of the heat storage tank. Power generation device. 前記蓄熱用熱媒が、空気であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の蓄熱発電装置。   The heat storage power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat storage heat medium is air. 前記蓄熱発電装置が、制御装置を有しており、
前記制御装置が、前記蓄熱槽から前記蓄熱用熱媒及び前記熱交換器を介して、前記発電用熱媒に熱エネルギを伝達し、前記熱エネルギを利用して前記発電装置で発電する蓄熱発電制御を行う構成を有していることを特徴とする請求項２乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の蓄熱発電装置。 The heat storage power generation device has a control device,
Thermal storage power generation wherein the control device transmits thermal energy from the thermal storage tank to the power generation heat medium via the heat storage heat medium and the heat exchanger, and generates electric power with the power generation device using the heat energy The regenerative power generator according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the regenerative power generator is configured to perform control. 熱源の熱を蓄熱する蓄熱槽と、前記熱源から発電装置に熱媒を循環させる熱媒回路を有する蓄熱発電装置であり、
前記蓄熱発電装置が、それぞれ独立した発電用熱媒回路と蓄熱用熱媒回路を有しており、前記発電用熱媒回路が、発電用熱媒が循環するように構成された発電用受熱部と、前記発電用熱媒の熱エネルギを電気に変換する発電装置を有しており、前記蓄熱用熱媒回路が、蓄熱用熱媒が循環するように構成された蓄熱用受熱部と、前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して熱の授受を行う少なくとも１つの蓄熱槽を有した蓄熱発電装置の制御方法であって、
前記熱源から前記発電用熱媒回路を介して前記発電装置に前記発電用熱媒を供給して発電制御を行う発電ステップと、
前記熱源から前記蓄熱用熱媒回路を介して前記蓄熱槽に前記蓄熱用熱媒を供給して蓄熱制御を行う蓄熱ステップと、
前記蓄熱槽から前記蓄熱用熱媒を介して前記発電用熱媒に熱エネルギを伝達し、前記熱エネルギを利用して前記発電装置で発電する蓄熱発電制御を行う蓄熱発電ステップを有することを特徴とする制御方法。 A heat storage power generation apparatus having a heat storage tank for storing heat of a heat source, and a heat medium circuit for circulating a heat medium from the heat source to the power generation apparatus,
The heat storage power generation device has a power generation heat medium circuit and a heat storage heat medium circuit independent of each other, and the power generation heat medium circuit is configured to circulate the power generation heat medium. And a power generation device that converts heat energy of the power generation heat medium into electricity, and the heat storage heat medium circuit is configured to circulate the heat storage heat medium, and A method for controlling a heat storage power generation apparatus having at least one heat storage tank for supplying and receiving heat by supplying a heat storage heat medium,
A power generation step of performing power generation control by supplying the power generation heat medium from the heat source to the power generation device via the power generation heat medium circuit;
A heat storage step of performing heat storage control by supplying the heat storage heat medium from the heat source to the heat storage tank via the heat storage heat medium circuit;
A thermal storage power generation step of performing thermal storage power generation control for transmitting thermal energy from the thermal storage tank to the power generation heat medium via the heat storage heat medium and generating electric power with the power generation device using the thermal energy. Control method. 前記発電ステップを実行する際に、複数の前記蓄熱槽のうち少なくとも１つが放熱するように前記蓄熱発電ステップを同時に実行することを特徴とする請求項６に記載の制御方法。   The control method according to claim 6, wherein when executing the power generation step, the heat storage power generation step is executed simultaneously so that at least one of the plurality of heat storage tanks dissipates heat.
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