JP2014088068A - Onboard electric spare power-storage-unit and vehicle equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve safety by reducing risk of water immersion although an electric spare power-storage-unit connected with an electric battery in parallel is placed below a seat inside a cabin.SOLUTION: An onboard electrical spare power-storage-unit 2 is connected in parallel to an electric battery 1 for supplying electric power to a vehicle load 61 mounted on a vehicle. The electric spare power-storage-unit 2 includes plural power-storage devices 4 and a housing case 3 for housing the plural power-storage devices 4. The housing case 3 can be placed below a seat 13 in a cabin 12 of a vehicle. And a spacer 5 is provided to establish a spacing 16 between the lower surface of the housing case 3 and a floor surface 14 of the cabin 12.

Description

  The present invention relates to an in-vehicle electric spare power storage unit connected in parallel to an electric battery for supplying electric power to a vehicle load installed in the vehicle, and a vehicle equipped with the electric spare power storage unit.

  A conventional vehicle is equipped with a lead battery having a rated voltage of 12V as a battery for electrical equipment, and in a large vehicle, a battery having a rated voltage of 24V by connecting two 12V lead batteries in series. It is equipped with. The lead battery is charged by an alternator of the vehicle and supplies electric power to a vehicle load such as a vehicle electrical device or a starter motor. Furthermore, for the purpose of increasing the battery capacity (Ah) with respect to the volume and weight of the battery for electrical equipment, there is a power supply device for vehicles in which a sub battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery is connected in parallel with the lead battery. Has been developed. (See Patent Document 1)

  The power supply apparatus of patent document 1 has connected the sub battery which consists of a lithium ion battery in parallel with the lead battery electrically connected to the alternator of the vehicle. In addition, this power supply device sets the internal resistance and open circuit voltage of the lead battery and lithium ion battery so as to satisfy predetermined conditions, so that the lead battery and the lithium ion battery are connected in parallel without using a DC / DC converter. Connected to reduce costs.

  By the way, the lead battery is usually arranged in the engine room of the vehicle, but since an engine and various devices are arranged in the engine room, a conventional power supply device including a sub battery connected in parallel with the lead battery. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange this sub battery separately from the lead battery. In particular, the engine room is easily affected by the heat of the engine and the outside air temperature, so the sub battery should be placed in a place other than the engine room in order to prevent thermal failure that occurs in the sub battery such as a lithium ion battery. It is preferable to arrange.

  Therefore, by disposing a sub-battery such as a lithium ion battery in the cabin of the vehicle, it is possible to effectively prevent a thermal failure. For example, a sub-battery such as a lithium ion battery can be disposed on the floor surface below the seat in the cabin. (For example, refer patent document 2) This structure can arrange | position a subbattery in an environment with little heat influence, utilizing the dead space in a cabin effectively.

JP 2011-15516 A JP 2008-74159 A

  However, the structure in which the sub-battery is placed under the seat is limited in the space formed under the seat, that is, the space distance from the floor surface. Have severe restrictions. For this reason, the arrangement and connection of the lithium ion battery constituting the sub-battery, and the arrangement of the charge / discharge output terminals and bus bars may not necessarily be ideal. For example, the charging / discharging output terminal provided in the sub-battery is arranged on the side surface of the case of the sub-battery in consideration of the wiring and the like.

  In addition, the structure in which the sub-battery is arranged on the floor of the vehicle is such that if the passenger spills a large amount of juice or tea in the cabin, the liquid splashed on the floor will enter the sub-battery and the output terminal There is a possibility of short-circuiting between batteries due to contact with a metal part such as a bus bar. Furthermore, the structure in which the sub-battery is arranged on the floor surface of the vehicle has a structure in which a wet rain umbrella is brought into the cabin in rainy weather, and water drops flowing from the tip of the umbrella enter the sub-battery case to output terminals and There may be problems such as contact with the bus bar, or the wet metal part of the umbrella directly contacts the output terminal of the sub-battery and the battery is short-circuited.

  The above adverse effects can be solved by making the sub-battery case completely waterproof. However, if the sub-battery case and output terminal have a completely waterproof structure, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases. In particular, since the battery for electrical equipment has a low voltage of 12V to 24V, if the case and the output terminal can be protected without a complete waterproof structure, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and mass production can be performed at low cost.

  The present invention has been made to solve such conventional problems. The main object of the present invention is for in-vehicle use in which an electrical spare storage unit connected in parallel to an electrical battery is disposed under the seat in the cabin, while reducing the risk of water ingress and improving safety. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrical spare power storage unit and a vehicle equipped with the electrical spare power storage unit.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

In order to achieve the above object, according to the in-vehicle electrical reserve power storage unit of the present invention, the in-vehicle electrical reserve power storage connected in parallel to the electrical battery 1 that supplies power to the vehicle load 61 mounted on the vehicle. The electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 includes a plurality of capacitors 4 and a storage case 3 that stores the plurality of capacitors 4, and the storage case 3 is located under a seat 13 in a cabin 12 of a vehicle. Further, a spacer 5 for providing a gap 16 between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12 is provided.
With the above-described configuration, the electrical spare power storage unit connected in parallel to the electrical battery is disposed below the seat in the cabin, and the electrical spare power storage unit has a gap between the lower surface of the storage case and the floor surface of the cabin. By providing the spacer to provide the safety, it is possible to reduce the risk of water intrusion and enhance safety.

In addition, according to another on-vehicle electrical storage power storage unit, the spacer 5 can be a connector 21, 31, 41 for fixing the storage case 3 to the bottom surface side of the seat 13.
With the above configuration, the storage case can be arranged close to the bottom surface side of the seat by the spacer as a coupling tool, so that the lower surface of the storage case and the floor surface of the cabin can be stored even in the storage space below the seat where the vertical width is restricted. An ideal gap can be provided between the two. Also, in a seat that can slide in the front-rear direction, the storage case can be moved together with the sliding seat by fixing the storage case to the bottom of the seat, and the storage case is always attached to the seat regardless of the position of the seat. Can be placed and protected in a hidden state below.

Furthermore, according to another on-vehicle electrical storage power storage unit, the spacer 5 can be a leg 51 for disposing the lower surface of the storage case 3 at a predetermined height from the floor surface 14.
With the above-described configuration, the storage case can be fixed to the floor surface by the spacers that are legs, so that the storage case in which a plurality of capacitors are stored can be stably fixed to a fixed position on the floor surface.

Furthermore, according to another on-vehicle electrical spare storage unit, the storage case 3 can have a non-waterproof structure.
In the present specification, the non-waterproof structure means a structure that is not a completely waterproof structure that can completely prevent water from entering from the outside. Accordingly, the non-waterproof storage case is used in a broad sense including a structure in which water from the outside does not easily enter under normal use conditions, such as a simple waterproof structure or a sealed structure.
With the above configuration, there is a feature that maintenance can be simplified while simplifying the structure of the storage case and manufacturing it at low cost.

Furthermore, according to the other on-vehicle electrical storage unit, the battery 4 can be any one of a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a capacitor.
Compared to lead batteries, the electrical spare power storage unit that uses nickel-metal hydride batteries as the storage battery is extremely efficiently charged with regenerative energy generated by regenerative braking, and can significantly improve the fuel consumption of the vehicle. In addition, since the nickel cadmium battery also exhibits charge / discharge characteristics similar to those of the nickel metal hydride battery, the electrical auxiliary storage unit that uses the battery as a nickel cadmium battery can also efficiently recover the regenerative energy. Furthermore, the electrical storage preliminary power storage unit that uses a non-aqueous electrolyte battery as a storage battery has a feature that the non-aqueous electrolyte battery has an extremely large capacity with respect to volume and weight as compared to a lead battery, and can increase the charge / discharge capacity while miniaturizing. . Furthermore, the electrical storage power storage unit having a capacitor as a capacitor can make the charging resistance extremely small, and the amount of power stored during regenerative braking can be made larger than that of the lead battery.

Furthermore, according to the vehicle of the present invention, the vehicle is equipped with the electrical spare battery unit 2 connected in parallel to the electrical battery 1 for supplying electric power to the vehicle load 61 mounted on the vehicle, the electrical spare battery unit 2 includes a plurality of capacitors 4 and a storage case 3 for storing the plurality of capacitors 4, and the storage case 3 is disposed below a seat 13 disposed in the cabin 12 of the vehicle. A gap 16 is provided between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12.
With the above configuration, the electrical spare battery unit connected in parallel to the electrical battery is disposed below the seat in the cabin, but a gap is provided between the lower surface of the storage case of the electrical spare battery unit and the floor of the cabin. By providing, it is possible to increase the safety by reducing the risk of water intrusion.

Further, according to another vehicle, the storage case 3 of the electrical spare storage unit 2 can be fixed to the bottom surface side of the seat 13.
With the above configuration, the storage case can be placed close to the bottom side of the seat, so it is ideal between the lower surface of the storage case and the cabin floor even in the storage space under the seat where the vertical width is restricted. A gap can be provided. Also, in a seat that can slide in the front-rear direction, the storage case can be moved together with the sliding seat by fixing the storage case to the bottom of the seat, and the storage case is always attached to the seat regardless of the position of the seat. Can be placed and protected in a hidden state below.

Furthermore, according to another vehicle, the storage case 3 of the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 can be arranged at a predetermined height from the floor surface 14 via the leg 51.
With the above configuration, by fixing the storage case of the electrical auxiliary power storage unit to the floor surface via the legs, it is possible to fix the storage case storing a plurality of power storage units at a fixed position on the floor surface while stably supporting the storage case.

Furthermore, according to another vehicle, the storage case 3 of the electrical spare power storage unit 2 can be made non-waterproof.
With the above configuration, there is a feature that maintenance can be simplified while simplifying the structure of the storage case and manufacturing it at low cost.

Further, according to another vehicle, the electrical spare power storage unit 2 includes an output terminal 9 on the side surface of the storage case 3, and the terminal surface 3A provided with the output terminal 9 is arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle. can do.
With the above configuration, by arranging the terminal surface in the left-right direction of the vehicle, it is possible to effectively prevent the approaching water and foreign matter from coming in the front-rear direction from coming into direct contact with the terminal surface, thereby protecting the terminal surface.

Furthermore, according to another vehicle, the seat 13 can be the passenger seat 13X.
With the configuration described above, the electrical spare power storage unit is arranged below the passenger seat, thereby facilitating installation and maintenance. This is because there is no part such as a handle as compared with the driver's seat, and a wide working space can be secured. Further, since the passenger seat is arranged closer to the engine room than the rear seat, the lead wire for connecting to an electrical battery, a generator or the like arranged in the engine room can be shortened. For this reason, wiring work can be simplified and voltage loss due to a large current can be reduced to reduce power loss.

Further, according to another vehicle, the battery 4 can be any one of a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a capacitor.
A vehicle equipped with an electrical spare storage unit that uses a nickel-metal hydride battery as a storage battery has a feature that it can be recharged very efficiently with regenerative energy generated by regenerative braking, and the fuel consumption of the vehicle can be significantly improved. In addition, since the nickel cadmium battery also has charge / discharge characteristics similar to those of the nickel metal hydride battery, a vehicle equipped with an electrical spare storage unit that uses a nickel cadmium battery as a capacitor can also efficiently recover regenerative energy. Furthermore, vehicles equipped with an electrical spare battery unit that uses a non-aqueous electrolyte battery as a storage battery have a much larger capacity with respect to volume and weight than a lead battery. The charge / discharge capacity can be increased. Furthermore, a vehicle equipped with an electrical spare power storage unit that uses a capacitor as a capacitor can have a very low charging resistance and a larger amount of power during regenerative braking than a lead battery.

It is a schematic block diagram of the vehicle carrying the electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the vehicle carrying the electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which sets an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part to the lower side of a seat. It is sectional drawing which shows an example which installs an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part under a seat. It is a perspective view which shows an example of an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part. It is sectional drawing which shows another example which installs an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part under the seat. It is sectional drawing which shows another example which installs an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part under the seat. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the arrangement structure of the electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another example which installs an electrical equipment preliminary electrical storage part under the seat.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies an in-vehicle electrical spare power storage unit for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and a vehicle equipped with the electrical spare power storage unit. The spare power storage unit and the vehicle are not specified as follows. Further, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent members described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the extent that there is no specific description. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation. Further, in the following description, the same name and reference sign indicate the same or the same members, and detailed description will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing. In addition, the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
(Embodiment 1)

1 and 2 show a vehicle equipped with an in-vehicle electrical spare storage unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle equipped with an electrical spare storage unit, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the vehicle. The vehicles shown in these drawings are equipped with an electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 connected in parallel to an electrical battery 1 mounted on the vehicle. The vehicle shown in the figure is equipped with a power supply device 100 that supplies electric power to a vehicle load 61 mounted on the vehicle, and the power supply device 100 includes an electrical equipment battery 1 and an electrical equipment spare power storage unit 2. The electrical spare power storage unit 2 is mounted on the vehicle and connected in parallel to the electrical battery 1 for the purpose of increasing the battery capacity relative to the volume and weight of the power supply device 100 and improving the fuel consumption of the vehicle. In the power supply device 100, the electrical battery 1 is charged via the generator 64 mounted on the vehicle, and the electrical spare power storage unit 2 is charged. Furthermore, the power supply apparatus 100 discharges from the electrical equipment battery 1 and the electrical equipment spare power storage unit 2 and supplies electric power to the vehicle load 61 such as the starter motor 63 and the electrical equipment 62 installed in the vehicle.
(Power supply device 100)

  A power supply apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes an electrical equipment battery 1 and an electrical equipment spare power storage unit 2 connected in parallel to the electrical equipment battery 1. The power supply device 100 shown in FIG. 2 is connected via the first switch 65 so that the electrical battery 1 and the electrical spare power storage unit 2 can be connected in parallel to each other. The power supply device 100 connects the electrical battery 1 and the electrical spare storage unit 2 in parallel with the first switch 65 turned on, and the electrical battery 1 and electrical spare with the first switch 65 turned off. The connection state of the power storage unit 2 is cut off. Further, although not shown, the power supply device connects the electrical battery and the electrical spare storage unit in parallel via a diode, or connects the electrical battery and electrical spare storage unit via a diode and a switch connected in parallel to each other. It can also be connected in parallel. In this way, the structure in which the electrical battery and the electrical spare power storage unit are connected in parallel via the diode can restrict the passage of current in the opposite direction while allowing the passage of current in one direction.

  The battery for electric equipment 1 and the electric equipment spare power storage unit 2 are arranged at predetermined positions of the vehicle. In the vehicle shown in FIG. 1, the electrical battery 1 is disposed in the engine room 11, and the electrical spare battery unit 2 is disposed below the seat 13 disposed in the cabin 12. The present invention is characterized in that the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 housed under the seat 13 in the cabin 12 is arranged in a specific state. Therefore, the structure and arrangement of the battery 1 for electrical equipment are not specified and can be changed as appropriate. That is, the electrical equipment battery 1 is not necessarily arranged in the engine room 11, and can be arranged in the cabin 12 or other places such as a trunk room. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical battery 1 and the electrical spare power storage unit 2 that are arranged apart from each other are connected via a lead wire 6.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 is disposed below the seat 13 in the cabin 12. These drawings show a state in which the electrical spare power storage unit 2 is disposed below the passenger seat 13X. However, the electrical reserve power storage unit can also be arranged below the driver's seat. Furthermore, the electrical spare power storage unit can be disposed below the rear seat. In particular, in a vehicle having a plurality of rows of seats at the rear, such as a wagon car or a box car, the electrical spare power storage unit can be disposed below the second or third row of seats. However, if the electrical auxiliary power storage unit is arranged at the rear of the vehicle away from the engine room, it is necessary to lengthen the lead wire for connecting to the electric battery, so the electrical auxiliary power storage unit is preferably located on the front side of the vehicle. Place under the seat.
(Electrical battery 1)

The battery 1 for electrical equipment is a lead battery 1A in which 6 cells are connected in series and the rated voltage is 12V. However, the present invention does not specify the rated voltage of the lead battery 1A as 12V. Two lead batteries can be connected in series for a rated voltage of 24V, three lead batteries can be connected in series for 36V, and four lead batteries can be connected in series for 48V. Because. Conventional electrical equipment is designed to operate at a power supply voltage of 12V, but a vehicle equipped with an electrical equipment battery of 24V to 48V is equipped with electrical equipment that operates at this voltage.
(Electrical power storage unit 2)

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 includes a storage case 3 and a plurality of capacitors 4 stored in the storage case 3. The storage case 3 can be placed in a storage space 15 formed under the seat 13 in the cabin 12 of the vehicle. Further, the electrical spare power storage unit 2 includes a spacer 5 for providing a gap 16 between the lower surface of the storage case 3 disposed below the seat 13 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12.
(Storage case 3)

  The storage case 3 is formed into a box shape with an insulating material such as plastic. The storage case 3 has a shape and a size capable of storing a plurality of capacitors 4 in a predetermined arrangement. As such a storage case 3, a non-waterproof structure can be used. Here, the non-waterproof structure means a structure that is not a completely waterproof structure that can completely prevent water from entering from the outside. Therefore, the non-waterproof storage case 3 includes a wide structure including a structure in which water from the outside does not easily enter in a normal use state, such as a structure in which an opening of a box-shaped case is closed with a lid. Use in meaning. Such a non-waterproof storage case 3 is characterized in that the maintenance can be simplified while the structure is simplified and manufactured at low cost. However, the storage case may be waterproof.

  The storage case 3 has a shape and a size that can be arranged below the seat 13. The storage case 3 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a vertical and horizontal width smaller than the vertical and horizontal widths of the seat 13 so that the storage case 3 can be disposed under the seat 13, and the vertical width of the storage case 3 is set to the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13. And the space between the floor 14 and the floor surface 14. For example, the storage case 3 has a vertical and horizontal width of 90% or less, preferably 80% or less of the vertical and horizontal width of the seat 13, and the vertical width of the storage case 3 is between the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13 and the floor surface 14. Is 90% or less, preferably 80% or less.

Furthermore, the storage case 3 shown in the figure has the output terminal 9 for charging and discharging exposed with one side surface as the terminal surface 3A. The storage case 3 shown in the figure has positive and negative output terminals 9 protruding from both sides of the terminal surface 3A. As described above, the structure in which the output terminal 9 is provided on the side surface of the storage case 3 can be disposed so that the upper surface of the storage case 3 is close to the lower surface of the seat 13. There is a feature that a sufficient gap 16 can be secured between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12 while being arranged in a narrow space on the side. As shown in FIG. 5, the output terminal 9 protruding from the terminal surface 3 </ b> A of the storage case 3 is connected to the lead wire 6 via the connection terminal 29.
(Accumulator 4)

  The electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 stores a plurality of capacitors 4 in a storage case 3. The battery 4 can store power supplied from the generator 64 mounted on the vehicle, and a secondary battery or a capacitor that can discharge the stored power to the vehicle load 61 can be used. The electrical spare power storage unit 2 using the storage battery 4 as a secondary battery can increase the output voltage by connecting a plurality of unit cells in series, and can increase the capacity by connecting the plurality of unit cells in parallel. Therefore, the electrical spare power storage unit 2 adjusts the output voltage by the number of units connected in series, and adjusts the capacity by the number of units connected in parallel. Moreover, the electrical storage preliminary electrical storage part which uses a capacitor as a capacitor can increase a capacitance by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel.

  The electrical spare power storage unit 2 shown in FIG. 5 uses the battery 4 as a secondary battery. The capacitor 4 in the figure uses a nickel metal hydride battery as a secondary battery. However, all other secondary batteries such as a non-aqueous electrolyte battery such as a lithium ion battery or a lithium polymer battery, a nickel cadmium battery, or the like can be used for the battery in place of the nickel metal hydride battery. An electrical storage battery 1 which is a lead battery 1A having a power supply voltage of 12 V is connected in parallel with an electrical storage battery unit 2 in which 10 nickel metal hydride batteries are connected in series. Since the nickel metal hydride battery and the nickel cadmium battery have a power supply voltage of 1.2 V, the number of units connected in series is set to the same voltage as that of the lead battery 1A. Since this electrical spare power storage unit 2 can have the same rated voltage as the rated voltage of the lead battery 1A, it can be connected in parallel to the lead battery 1A without interposing a circuit for adjusting the voltage, such as a DC / DC converter. In place of the nickel metal hydride battery, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a lithium polymer secondary battery can also be used for the battery. Lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries are fully charged by charging from 4.1 V / cell to 4.2 V / cell. Accordingly, three or four lithium ion batteries or lithium polymer batteries are connected in series, and are connected in parallel to the electrical battery 1.

  The capacitor used for the capacitor is a capacitor such as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) having a large capacitance. The capacitor, which is a capacitor, can have a very low charging resistance and a larger amount of charge during regenerative braking than a lead battery. However, since the voltage of the electrical spare storage unit having the capacitor as a capacitor changes depending on the amount of charge, that is, the stored charge, it is connected to the electrical battery via the bidirectional DC / DC converter.

  The electrical spare power storage unit 2 in FIG. 5 uses the battery 4 as a cylindrical battery. In this electrical spare storage unit 2, ten storage batteries 4 connected in series with each other are arranged in the same plane in a horizontal posture to form a unit battery 7. In one unit of the assembled battery 7, two capacitors 4 which are cylindrical batteries are arranged in a straight line and connected in series, and the two capacitors 4 connected in series are arranged in five rows. In the capacitors 4 arranged in five rows, the capacitors 4 in rows adjacent to each other are arranged in the opposite direction, and these capacitors 4 are connected in series, and ten capacitors 4 are connected in series. 5 has two units of assembled batteries 7 stacked in the vertical direction, and the stacked assembled batteries 7 are connected in parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 5, the electrical storage battery unit 2 that is arranged so as to stack a plurality of assembled batteries 7 and are connected in parallel with each other can increase the number of assembled batteries 7 that are connected in parallel to increase the current capacity. . For example, by stacking two sets of battery packs 7 having a current capacity of one unit of 5 Ah, the current capacity of the electrical spare power storage unit 2 can be doubled to 10 Ah.

  However, the electrical equipment spare power storage unit in which a plurality of assembled batteries are arranged so as to be stacked in the vertical direction and connected in parallel to each other increases the vertical width of the storage case. Since the storage case is arranged in a storage space below the seat, a predetermined gap is provided between the lower surface of the storage case and the floor surface, so that when the vertical width of the storage case increases, the lower surface of the storage case There is a risk that a sufficient space between the floor and the floor cannot be secured. Therefore, the electrical storage power storage unit is not limited to a structure in which a plurality of assembled batteries are stacked one above the other, and can be connected in parallel in a horizontal direction. Further, the electrical spare power storage unit can connect a plurality of assembled batteries in parallel by arranging a large number of power storage devices in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction so that they can be stored in the space below the seat.

Although the storage case is not shown, the outer peripheral surface can have a corrugated shape so as to follow the outer shape of the cylindrical battery stored inside. The storage case of this shape can improve the adhesion with the cylindrical battery to be stored, can increase the surface area of the case as compared with the rectangular parallelepiped case, and enhance the cooling performance of the storage case 3. Can do.
(Spacer 5)

  The spacer 5 is connected to the storage case 3 and arranges the storage case 3 at a fixed position of the storage space 15 below the seat 13. The spacer 5 arranges the storage case 3 below the seat 13 in a state where a gap 16 having a predetermined interval is provided between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12. In the spacer 5, the storage case 3 is arranged so that a gap 16 of 1 cm or more, preferably 3 cm or more, more preferably 5 cm or more is provided between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12. As the gap 16 becomes wider, the storage case 3 becomes less susceptible to the effects of water immersion and foreign matter received from the outside. However, since the storage space 15 formed under the seat 13 is limited in the vertical width, that is, the spatial distance between the lower surface of the seat 13 and the floor surface 14, the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 If the gap is widened, there are restrictions on the size requirements and the arrangement of parts in the storage case 3, for example, the vertical width of the storage case 3, the number and arrangement of the capacitors 4 to be stored. Therefore, the electrical spare power storage unit 2 determines the outer shape and size of the storage case 3 in consideration of the number and arrangement of the capacitors 4 stored in the storage case 3 and the distance from the floor surface 14. The distance between the lower surface of the case 3 and the floor surface 14 is specified.

  The spacer 5 </ b> A shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 serves as a connector 21 that fixes the storage case 3 to the bottom surface 13 </ b> A side of the seat 13. The connecting tool 21 shown in the figure includes a holding portion 21A that holds the storage case 3, and a fixing portion 21B that fixes both sides of the holding portion 21A to the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13. In the illustrated coupling tool 21, the holding portion 21 </ b> A has a groove shape along the lower surface and both side surfaces of the storage case 3, and the fixing portion 21 </ b> B is a fixing piece that protrudes from the upper ends of the side walls on both sides of the holding portion 21 </ b> A. As such a connector 21, a metal plate bent or a hard plastic molded into a predetermined shape can be used. The holding portion 21A fixes the storage case 3 in place by screwing, bonding, or a locking structure. Furthermore, the holding part 21 </ b> A can also absorb the vibration caused by the vehicle by connecting the storage case 3 via a cushioning material. The seat 13 shown in the figure includes a base plate 17 on the bottom surface 13A, and the base plate 17 supports a cushion material 18 serving as a seat. The connecting tool 21 shown in the drawing is fixed to the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13 by fixing the fixing portion 21 </ b> B directly to the base plate 17. The fixing portion 21B can be fixed to the base plate 17 via a set screw 22, or fixed to the base plate via bolts and nuts, or connected to the base plate by a locking structure. The connector 21 can fix the storage case 3 to the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13 with the simplest structure.

  The storage case 3 disposed below the seat 13 is preferably disposed such that the terminal surface 3A provided with the output terminal 9 faces in the left-right direction of the vehicle. This is because water and foreign matter approaching from the front-rear direction can be prevented and protected from directly contacting the terminal surface 3A. For example, since the front of the storage space 15 below the seat 13 is located at the feet of the passenger sitting on the seat 13, when the passenger spills a large amount of juice, tea, etc., the floor 14 It is easy to be affected by the scattered liquid, and there is a possibility that a load placed at the foot of the seat 13 directly contacts. Further, the rear of the storage space 15 below the seat 13 is located at the feet of the passenger sitting on the rear seat 13, so that when the passenger spills a large amount of juice, tea, etc., the floor surface It is easy to be affected by the liquid splashed on 14, and there is a possibility that a shoe tip of a passenger sitting on the rear seat 13, a load placed at the foot, for example, the tip of an umbrella, etc. may come into direct contact. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by arranging the terminal surface 3A of the storage case 3 in a posture facing the left-right direction of the vehicle, water and foreign matter approaching from the front-rear direction directly contact the terminal surface 3A. The terminal surface 3A can be protected by reliably preventing this.

  In particular, a general vehicle has a structure in which a seat 13 such as a driver's seat or a passenger seat 13X can be slid in the front-rear direction, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for sliding the seat 13 back and forth. Slide mechanisms 35 are provided on both sides of the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13. The slide mechanism 35 includes a pair of vertical plates 36 protruding downward on both sides of the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13, and guide rails 37 fixed to the floor surface 14 along the vertical plates 36. The slide mechanism 35 slides the vertical plate 36 in the front-rear direction along the guide rail 37 to move the seat 13 back and forth. The seat 13 having this structure is provided on the terminal surface 3A because the vertical plate 36 protruding downward from both sides of the bottom surface 13A is in a direction to cover the terminal surface 3A of the storage case 3 arranged in the left-right direction. By protecting the connection portion between the output terminal 9 and the lead wire 6, it is possible to effectively prevent moisture and foreign matter from entering from this direction. Further, the seat 13 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with side covers 19 extending downward along both side surfaces of the seat portion so that the slide mechanism 35 is not visible from both sides. Since the seat 13 with this structure closes the lower side of the seat 13 with the side covers 19 provided on both sides, it is possible to more reliably prevent moisture and foreign matter from entering from this direction.

  However, it is not always necessary for the electrical auxiliary power storage unit to have a posture in which the terminal surface provided with the output terminal faces in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the terminal surface can also face in the front-rear direction. For example, by covering the output terminal or the terminal surface with a cover member, the electrical spare battery unit can prevent contact with water or foreign matter from the outside. Further, the storage case can be provided with an output terminal on the upper surface.

Furthermore, the coupling tool 21 shown in the above figures is fixed to the base plate 17 in a posture in which fixing portions 21B provided on both sides of the holding portion 21A are arranged in the left-right direction of the seat 13. However, the connector 21 can also be fixed to the base plate 17 in a posture in which the fixing portions 21B provided on both sides of the holding portion 21A are arranged in the front-rear direction of the seat 13. In this structure, since the connector 21 is fixed to the seat 13 before and after the storage case 3, the storage case 3 moves in the front-rear direction of the seat 13 by the inertial force when the vehicle suddenly starts or stops with a sudden brake. Can be surely prevented. Further, in the structure in which the fixing portion 21B is provided in the front-rear direction, since the side wall of the holding portion 21A is disposed in the front-rear direction, it is possible to prevent intrusion of water and foreign matters approaching from the front-rear direction by widening the side wall. it can. However, the connector can be fixed to the base plate in three directions or four directions (front, rear, left and right). This structure can more firmly fix the storage case to the bottom surface of the seat.
(Embodiment 2)

Although the connecting tool 21 fixes the fixing portion 21B directly to the base plate 17 on the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13, the connecting tool can be fixed to the vertical plate 36 of the slide mechanism 35 described above. The spacer 5 </ b> B shown in FIG. 6 is a connector 31 that fixes the storage case 3 to the vertical plate 36 of the slide mechanism 35. The connector 31 is provided with a horizontal portion 31C extending toward both side edges of the seat 13 on both sides of the holding portion 31A, and the tip of the horizontal portion 31C is fixed to the vertical plate 36. The connecting tool 31 shown in the drawing is provided with a fixing portion 31B by bending the tip of the horizontal portion 31C downward, and fixing the fixing portion 31B to the vertical plate 36. The fixing portion 31B may be fixed to the vertical plate 36 via the bolt 32 and the nut 33, or fixed to the vertical plate via a set screw, or may be fixed to the vertical plate by a locking structure. it can. With this connection structure, the storage case 3 can be disposed in the storage space 15 below the seat 13 without providing a base plate on the bottom surface 13 </ b> A of the seat 13.
(Embodiment 3)

  Further, the spacer 5C shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is a drawer-shaped connector 41 that can be housed while sliding the housing case 3 along the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13. The drawer-shaped connector 41 includes a box-shaped holding portion 41A for storing the storage case 3, and a slide piece 41B extending in the sliding direction along both sides of the holding portion 41A. The seat 13 is provided with guide grooves 43 extending in the front-rear direction on both sides of the base plate 17 on the bottom surface 13A. The seat 13 shown in the drawing is provided with a guide groove 43 for fixing the guide plate 42 to the lower surface of the base plate 17 and sliding the slide piece 41B. The connector 41 having this structure guides the slide pieces 41B on both sides to the guide grooves 43 provided on the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13 in a state in which the storage case 3 is stored in the holding portion 41A, along the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13. Then, the connector 41 is slid and placed at a fixed position. The connector 41 guided in the guide groove 43 can be fixed to the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13 via a set screw 44 penetrating the guide plate 42 and the slide piece 41B. This structure is characterized in that it is easy and easy to store the storage case 3 in a fixed position in a narrow space below the seat 13.

As described above, the structure in which the storage case 3 is fixed to the bottom surface 13A side of the seat 13 by using the spacers 5A, 5B, and 5C as the couplers 21, 31, 41 is such that the storage case 3 approaches the bottom surface 13A side of the seat 13. Therefore, even in the storage space 15 below the seat 13 that is restricted by the vertical width, an ideal gap 16 can be provided between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12. . Further, as described above, in a general vehicle, the seat 13 such as the driver's seat or the passenger seat 13X can be slid in the front-rear direction, but the bottom surface 13A of the seat 13 is also in such a seat 13. By fixing the storage case 3 to the side, the storage case 3 also moves together with the seat 13 that slides back and forth. Therefore, the storage case 3 is arranged so as to be hidden under the seat 13 regardless of the front-rear position of the seat 13. Can protect. However, the storage case can be fixed to the floor of the cabin. Examples of such spacers are shown below.
(Embodiment 4)

  The spacer 5D shown in FIG. 9 is provided with a gap 16 between the lower surface of the storage case 3 and the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12 by using the lower surface of the storage case 3 as a leg portion 51 arranged at a predetermined height from the floor surface 14. ing. As such a leg portion 51, for example, a metal fitting formed by bending a metal plate can be used. The leg 51 shown in FIG. 9 bends the band-shaped metal plate into a U-shape, bends both ends outward to provide bent pieces, and protrudes the center from both ends. Molded into a shape. The metal fitting in this shape fixes the fixing portions 51B at both ends to the floor surface 14 of the cabin 12, for example, the chassis 10 of the vehicle body, and the center portion protrudes upward to form a holding portion 51A for fixing the storage case 3. . The fixing portion 51B can be fixed to the chassis 10 via bolts 52 and nuts 53, or can be fixed to the chassis by welding. The holding portion 51A can be fixed to the storage case 3 via a set screw 54, or can be fixed to the storage case by a locking structure. The leg 51, which is a metal fitting, is not specified in the above shape, and can be an L fitting, a Z fitting, or various shapes in which these fittings are combined.

  Furthermore, the leg portion is not necessarily limited to metal, but may be made of plastic or rubber. Legs made of plastic or rubber can be strong against corrosion while being lightweight. In particular, the structure in which the legs are made of rubber absorbs the vibration of the vehicle due to the elasticity of the rubber, and has a feature that can prevent adverse effects due to vibrations in the capacitor and its wiring portion stored in the storage case.

  In the electrical storage spare power storage unit 2 arranged in the storage space 15 under the seat 13 with the above structure, the lead wire 6 is connected to the output terminal 9 arranged on the terminal surface 3 </ b> A of the storage case 3. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, the lead wire 6 connected to the storage case 3 fixed to the bottom surface 13 </ b> A side of the seat 13 is not shown, but the connection portion is burdened even when the seat 13 moves back and forth. It is wired with a margin in length so as not to be hung. As shown in FIG. 2, the lead wire 6 drawn from the electrical spare battery unit 2 is connected to the electrical battery 1 via the first switch 65, and the electrical battery 1 and the electrical spare battery unit 2 are connected in parallel. Can be connected to.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply device 100 mounted on the vehicle as described above is connected to the generator 64 and the vehicle load 61 mounted on the vehicle and charged and discharged. The power supply device 100 shown in the figure is connected between the electrical reserve battery unit 2 and the electrical battery 1, and has a first switch 65 that connects the electrical reserve battery unit 2 in parallel to the electrical battery 1, and the electrical reserve battery unit 2 and a second switch 66 for preventing overcharging and overdischarging of the electrical spare power storage unit 2. The connection state of the first switch 65 and the second switch 66 is controlled by the control circuit 67. The first switch 65 and the second switch 66 can use switching elements such as relays and semiconductor switching elements. As the semiconductor switching element, an element such as a transistor, an FET, or an IGBT can be used. The first switch 65 can be arranged in the engine room 11 or in the cabin 12. The second switch 66 is disposed in the storage case 3 of the electrical spare storage unit 2 and connected between the output terminal 9 and the assembled battery 7. The storage case 3 can be provided with a storage portion for the second switch 66 therein. This structure can protect the second switch 66 stored in the storage case 3 from intrusion of water and foreign matter. However, the output switch can also be arranged outside the storage case.

  The power supply device 100 shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2 is charged by a generator 64 on the vehicle side. The generator 64 on the vehicle side prevents the overcharge of the power supply device 100 by controlling the output voltage so that the charge voltage does not rise above the maximum voltage (for example, 14V to 15V) while the power supply device 100 is charged. ing. The control circuit 67 detects the remaining capacity of the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2, and when the remaining capacity of the electrical auxiliary storage unit 2 exceeds the maximum remaining capacity and is in a charged state, the control circuit 67 switches off the second switch 66 to switch off the electrical standby The power storage unit 2 is prevented from being overcharged to protect the electrical spare power storage unit 2.

  Further, the power supply apparatus 100 shown in the figure supplies electric power to the electrical equipment 62 and the starter motor 63 and is discharged. The vehicle side charges the power supply device 100 by controlling the generator 64 so that the voltage of the power supply device 100 does not drop below the optimum voltage. In a state where the power supply apparatus 100 is discharged, the remaining capacity of the electrical spare storage unit 2 is detected by the control circuit 15, and when the remaining capacity becomes equal to or lower than the minimum remaining capacity, the control circuit 15 Switch 66 is turned off to prevent overdischarge of electrical spare power storage unit 2.

  The in-vehicle electrical spare storage unit of the present invention is mounted in a cabin of a vehicle as a power source connected in parallel to an electrical battery mounted on the vehicle, and supplies power to an electrical load mounted on the vehicle. In particular, the electrical spare power storage unit of the present invention is ideally placed under the seat in the cabin and is suitably mounted on a vehicle as a power source connected in parallel with the electrical battery.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Power supply device 1 ... Electrical equipment battery 1A ... Lead battery 2 ... Electrical equipment reserve electrical storage part 3 ... Storage case 3A ... Terminal surface 4 ... Electric storage device 5 ... Spacer 5A ... Spacer
5B ... Spacer
5C ... Spacer
5D ... Spacer 6 ... Lead wire 7 ... Battery 9 ... Output terminal 10 ... Chassis 11 ... Engine room 12 ... Cabin 13 ... Seat 13X ... Passenger seat
13A ... Bottom 14 ... Floor 15 ... Storage space 16 ... Gap 17 ... Base plate 18 ... Cushion material 19 ... Side cover 21 ... Connector 21A ... Holding part
21B ... Fixing part 22 ... Set screw 29 ... Connection terminal 31 ... Connector 31A ... Holding part
31B ... Fixing part
31C ... Horizontal part 32 ... Set screw 33 ... Nut 35 ... Slide mechanism 36 ... Vertical plate 37 ... Guide rail 41 ... Connector 41A ... Holding part
41B ... Slide piece 42 ... Guide plate 43 ... Guide groove 44 ... Set screw 51 ... Leg part 51A ... Holding part
51B ... Fixing part 52 ... Bolt 53 ... Nut 54 ... Set screw 61 ... Vehicle load 62 ... Electrical equipment 63 ... Starter motor 64 ... Generator 65 ... First switch 66 ... Second switch 67 ... Control circuit

Claims (12)

An in-vehicle electrical storage power storage unit connected in parallel to an electrical battery that supplies power to a vehicle load installed in the vehicle,
A plurality of capacitors,
A storage case for storing the plurality of capacitors,
The storage case can be placed under the seat in the cabin of the vehicle,
Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted electrical storage electrical storage part characterized by providing the spacer for providing a clearance gap between the lower surface of the said storage case, and the floor surface of a cabin. An in-vehicle electrical reserve power storage unit according to claim 1,
The on-vehicle electrical spare storage unit for vehicle use, wherein the spacer is a connector for fixing the storage case to a bottom surface side of a seat. An in-vehicle electrical reserve power storage unit according to claim 1,
The in-vehicle electrical spare storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is a leg for arranging the lower surface of the storage case at a predetermined height from the floor surface. An in-vehicle electrical reserve power storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An in-vehicle electrical storage power storage unit, wherein the storage case has a non-waterproof structure. A vehicle-mounted electrical spare storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The on-vehicle electrical spare storage unit, wherein the battery is any one of a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a capacitor. A vehicle equipped with an electrical spare storage unit connected in parallel to an electrical battery that supplies power to a vehicle load equipped on the vehicle,
The electrical spare storage unit is
A plurality of capacitors,
A storage case for storing the plurality of capacitors, and
The storage case is disposed below a seat disposed in a cabin of the vehicle;
A vehicle comprising a gap between a lower surface of the storage case and a floor surface of the cabin. A vehicle according to claim 6, wherein
A vehicle, wherein a storage case of the electrical spare storage unit is fixed to a bottom surface side of the seat. A vehicle according to claim 6, wherein
A vehicle comprising: a storage case of the electrical spare storage unit arranged at a predetermined height from the floor surface via a leg. A vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 8,
A vehicle characterized in that a storage case of the electrical spare storage unit has a non-waterproof structure. A vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
The electric spare power storage unit includes an output terminal on a side surface of the storage case, and a terminal surface on which the output terminal is provided is arranged in a lateral direction of the vehicle. A vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 10,
The vehicle, wherein the seat is a passenger seat. A vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 11,
The vehicle, wherein the battery is any one of a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a capacitor.

Images