JP2014074700A - Position/attitude detection method of metal plate, and inspection method of metal plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a position/attitude detection method of a metal plate capable of accurately detecting the position and attitude of the metal plate during inspection of the metal plate, and an inspection method of the metal plate.SOLUTION: A receiver for navigation receives a rotation fan beam ejected from one or more transmitters for navigation of an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in a space, and recognizes the rotation fan beam as an IGPS signal. Using a fixture including the receiver and a contact type probe, on the basis of the geometric positional relationship between the receiver for navigation and the probe, a calculation of converting the positional information of the receiver for navigation when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate into the positional information at the probe position is performed, the edge position of the metal plate is detected, and the position and attitude of the metal plate are detected on the basis of the detected edge position.

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal plate position and orientation detection method and apparatus using an indoor position measurement system, and a metal plate inspection method.

  Conventionally, in order to assure the quality of a metal plate such as a steel plate, inspection of scratches and internal defects in the steel plate or the like by ultrasonic flaw detection has been performed. For example, a plurality of parallel ultrasonic inspection heads are in contact with a metal plate such as a steel plate conveyed on the feed roller of the production line for inspection, and ultrasonic waves are applied to the metal plate such as a steel plate that is out of the production line. The inspection is performed by touching the flaw and manually scanning it.

  The ultrasonic flaw detection head is connected with a flaw detection cable with a flaw detection cable, the output searched by the ultrasonic flaw detection head is input to the ultrasonic flaw detection device, the output is input to the data processing device and processed, and the presence or absence of flaws Is explored. Further, water as an ultrasonic medium is sprinkled on a flaw detection surface of a metal plate such as a steel plate. Therefore, in this inspection method, the entire surface of the metal plate becomes wet and slippery, and there is a risk that the inspector may fall over when moving on the metal plate having a step.

  In order to avoid such a risk, an automatic flaw detector (self-propelled inspection device) has been developed. The simplest is a device in which a flaw detection head is mounted on a device that can move on a metal plate. In such an inspection apparatus, it is necessary to attach a rib plate or the like around the inspected plate in order to scan the entire surface of the inspected plate.

  In the automatic flaw detector disclosed in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 21, the crawler truck 8 travels on a caterpillar-shaped crawler belt 8a and travels on a laterally moving wheel 8b when moving in the lateral direction. . A metal plate edge detection sensor 2b is provided before and after the crawler truck 8, and a probe 2a for inspecting a scratch on the metal plate is provided on the guide rail. The crawler truck 8 can calculate an exploration position by a measure A provided at the edge of the metal plate 1 and a telescopic measure B provided at a reference point P of the metal plate 1.

  In addition, as a method of measuring the position of the self-running inspection device, a method of installing a guide wire in the travel route, a method of photographing a floor surface and a ceiling surface of the travel route with a TV camera, and image processing the image, A method of calculating a current position by installing a gyro sensor and calculating a current position by accumulating traveling speed and angular velocity at high speed is widely known.

JP-A-5-172798

  In the flaw detection apparatus of Patent Document 1, the search position of the crawler truck 8 can be calculated by the measure A provided at the edge of the metal plate 1 and the extendable measure B provided at the reference point P of the metal plate 1. However, there is no description about a method for recognizing the position or posture of the metal plate 1 which is a reference when setting a target inspection position or inspection route. Further, in Patent Document 1, a measure for position measurement is always connected to the crawler truck 8, and there is an inconvenience that the position measurement must be performed while pulling out the measure according to the travel distance. However, there is a drawback that the position measurement resolution is relatively deteriorated as the length of the electrode becomes longer, and the measurement accuracy is significantly lowered.

  Other technologies also have the following problems. That is, in the position detection method using the guide wire, the guide wire cannot be installed on the metal plate, and thus cannot cope with the inspection of the metal plate. In the position detection method using image processing, the reference position is set by marking the metal plate or applying an image processing mark above the metal plate. However, it is not always possible to grasp the position and posture of the metal plate with high accuracy. Further, since the information on the metal plate to be inspected must be written on the metal plate every time the object to be inspected is changed, and the operation of deleting the marking after the inspection operation is completed, it is complicated. In the method of detecting the position by placing an image processing mark above the board to be inspected, a crane is usually traveling on the ceiling in such a manufacturing factory, and the image processing mark cannot often be used. When a position is detected using a gyro sensor, the position is calculated by integrating angular velocities, and there is a drawback that an error occurs in the position calculation as time passes.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a metal plate position and posture detection method and apparatus capable of detecting the position and posture of a metal plate with high accuracy during the inspection of the metal plate, and the metal plate It is an object to provide an inspection method.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following (1) to (9).
(1) a navigation receiver that receives a rotating fan beam emitted from one or more navigation transmitters of an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in space and recognizes the rotating fan beam as an IGPS signal; Using a jig composed of a contact probe, the position information of the navigation receiver when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate based on the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver and the probe is the probe position. A position and orientation detection method for a metal plate, characterized in that the position of the edge of the metal plate is detected by performing an operation for conversion into position information, and the position and orientation of the metal plate are detected based thereon.

  (2) After detecting the edge positions in at least three of the four corners of the metal plate, the position and orientation of the metal plate are detected by calculating a rectangular shape including these three points in the corner. (1) The position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate as described in the above-mentioned.

  (3) The method for detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate according to (1), wherein the position and orientation of the metal plate are detected by using a quadrangular shape connecting the four corners of the metal plate with line segments.

  (4) a navigation receiver that receives a rotating fan beam emitted from one or more navigation transmitters of an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in space and recognizes the rotating fan beam as an IGPS signal; The position information of the navigation receiver when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate based on the geometrical positional relationship between the jig composed of the contact probe and the navigation receiver and the probe. A position of the metal plate characterized by having a calculation unit that detects the edge position of the metal plate by performing an operation for conversion into position information at the probe position, and detects the position and orientation of the metal plate based on the position And attitude detection device.

  (5) A method for inspecting a metal plate using an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in a space, wherein the position and orientation information of the metal plate detected by any of (1) to (3) above is used. A metal plate coordinate system is set based on the target, and a target inspection position and an inspection path are determined in the metal plate coordinate system. An inspection sensor for inspecting a flaw is mounted, the deviation from the self position recognized using the IGPS signal and the target position is calculated, and the inspection sensor is added to the target inspection position and the inspection path according to the deviation. A method for inspecting a metal plate, wherein the inspection is performed by allowing the carriage to travel autonomously so as to be scanned.

  (6) A sensor having a probe that scans in proximity to a metal plate is used as the inspection sensor, and the probe is scanned in the target inspection position and inspection path. The method for inspecting a metal plate according to (5), wherein a position relative to the carriage is controlled by an actuator.

  (7) As the inspection sensor, a sensor having a probe that scans close to a metal plate is used, and when the probe is scanned to the target inspection position and inspection path, the current position of the probe (5). The method for inspecting a metal plate according to (5), wherein flaw detection information associated with inspection position information is obtained by inspecting while identifying.

  (8) The metal according to (7), wherein the arrangement of defects inside the metal plate is mapped on a metal plate plane and displayed based on the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information. Board inspection method.

  (9) According to (7), the arrangement of defects inside the metal plate is three-dimensionally mapped in the metal plate based on the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, and displayed. Inspection method for metal plates.

  According to the present invention, based on the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver and the probe, the position information of the navigation receiver when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate is converted into position information at the probe position. The position of the metal plate is detected and the position and orientation of the metal plate are detected based on the calculation, but the position information of the navigation receiver is extremely accurate. The position information of the contact type probe whose positional relationship is determined can be obtained with extremely high accuracy, and based on this, the position and orientation of the metal plate can be detected with high accuracy.

  In addition, a metal plate coordinate system is set based on the position and orientation information of the metal plate detected in this manner, a target inspection position and an inspection path are determined in the metal plate coordinate system, and a target inspection is performed based on the IGPS signal. Since the inspection is performed while the carriage is autonomously driven so that the inspection sensor is scanned along the position and the inspection path, the inspection can be performed with extremely high accuracy.

It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the metal plate test | inspection system used as the premise of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is a block diagram of the metal plate test | inspection system used as the premise of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is a side view which shows the trolley | bogie used for the inspection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is a horizontal sectional view by the AA line which shows the trolley | bogie used for the inspection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is a front view which shows the trolley | bogie used for the inspection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the drive part of the trolley | bogie used for the inspection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the steering pattern which determines the traveling direction of the trolley | bogie used for the inspection method of the metal plate of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating one Embodiment of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the system configuration | structure for implementing one Embodiment of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows one Embodiment of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the coordinate system set based on the measurement point of the board end in the work flow of one Embodiment of the position and attitude | position detection method of the metal plate which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart of a setting method of a target inspection position and an inspection route. It is a figure explaining the scanning division and flaw detection location prescribed | regulated to the 7.6 flaw detection location (scan location and range) of the ultrasonic flaw detection inspection method of the steel plate for JISG0801 pressure vessels. A scope, which is primary information obtained in flaw detection, a B scope that performs mapping display on the vertical section of the flaw detection material in association with information on the A scope and scanning position, and a C scope that performs mapping display on the horizontal section It is a conceptual diagram. It is a figure which shows the example of the flaw (defect) which exists in a metal plate inside. It is a figure which shows the example which displayed the arrangement | positioning of the flaw (defect) inside the metal plate shown in FIG. 15 by mapping on a metal plate plane. It is a figure which shows the example which added the information of the depth direction position of a flaw (defect), and grasped | ascertained the arrangement | positioning of the flaw (defect) inside a metal plate also in the thickness direction. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the motion of the trolley | bogie at the time of four periphery flaw detection. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the motion of the trolley | bogie at the time of a metal plate internal flaw detection. It is a figure which shows the test | inspection position and path | route at the time of performing a metal plate four periphery flaw detection and an internal test | inspection. It is a figure for demonstrating the prior art.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a metal plate inspection system which is a premise of the method for detecting the position and orientation of a metal plate according to the present invention, and FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal plate inspection system 100 includes an indoor position measurement system 200 and a self-propelled inspection device 300 for metal plates.

  The indoor position measurement system 200 includes a plurality of navigation transmitters 11, a navigation receiver 12, and a host computer 13 including position calculation software.

  The metal plate self-propelled inspection device 300 includes a carriage 14 that travels on the metal plate 10, a flaw detection head 35 that includes the navigation receiver 12 provided on the carriage 14 and a probe that is an inspection sensor. The inspection device 15 includes the host computer 13 including software for causing the carriage 14 to autonomously travel to a predetermined target position.

  2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a satellite navigation system (GPS) recognizes and determines a three-dimensional coordinate value (hereinafter referred to as “coordinate value”) that matches a position of a GPS receiver using three or more GPS artificial satellites. An indoor position measurement system (IGPS: Indoor Global Position System) applies such a concept to the room. The indoor position measurement system (IGPS) is described in detail in US Pat. No. 6,501,543.

  In the indoor position measurement system (IGPS) 200, each navigation transmitter 11 emits two rotating fan beams (fan beams). The rotating fan beam may be a laser fan beam or other light emitting means. The navigation receiver 12 receives the rotating fan beam emitted from the transmitter, and can grasp the relative positions from many transmitters. At this time, the rotating fan beam is deviated by a predetermined angle, and the coordinate value, that is, the position or height of the receiver that receives the rotating fan beam can be measured. Information received by the navigation receiver 12 is wirelessly transmitted to the host computer 13, and the host computer 13 calculates the position of the navigation receiver 12 according to the principle of triangulation. Therefore, by calculating the position of the navigation receiver 12 by such a method, the current position and posture information of the traveling carriage 14 equipped with the navigation receiver 12 can be obtained in real time.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the host computer 13 sets the current position calculation software 16 for calculating the position of the navigation receiver 12, the target inspection position, and route information, and the inspection from the carriage 14. And setting / evaluation software 17 for evaluating data and inspection position information.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the carriage 14 includes a navigation receiver 12 that is a part of the indoor position measurement system 200 described above, the inspection device 15 including the above-described flaw detection head 35, the on-board computer 21, and the metal plate 10. Edge detection sensor 22 for detecting the edge of the vehicle, IO board 23, scanning actuator 24, drive control unit 25 including a controller and a driver, wheels 26 for traveling, wheels for driving and turning wheels The motor 27 is configured to be attached to the main body.

  The carriage 14 has two functions: a function of autonomously traveling along the target route, and a function of inspecting the metal plate 10.

  With respect to the former function, the navigation receiver 12, the on-board computer 21, the drive control unit 25, the wheel 26, and the wheel motor 27, which are part of the indoor position measurement system described above, are responsible. That is, the information about the current position, posture information, and target inspection position of the carriage, which is the calculation result in the host computer 13 described above, is wirelessly transmitted to the onboard computer 21 mounted on the carriage by wireless communication. Calculate the deviation of the current position relative to the position. A control signal is output from the drive control unit 25 to the wheel motor 27 so that the deviation depending on the position and posture of the bogie main body is zero among the deviations, and feedback control of the speed and steering angle of the wheels 26 is performed. In this way, autonomous travel is performed along the target travel route.

  Regarding the latter function, the inspection device 15 including the flaw detection head 35 provided with a probe (inspection sensor) that is in contact with the metal plate 10 to inspect, and the flaw detection head 35 including the probe that is the inspection sensor. The scanning actuator 24 for scanning in the horizontal direction, the on-board computer 21, and the drive control unit 25 are responsible. That is, the on-board computer 21 calculates the necessary scanning amount of the scanning actuator 24 that scans the flaw detection head 35 including the probe that is a component of the inspection device 15 from the target inspection position and the current carriage position information from the host computer 13. The drive control unit 25 scans the scanning actuator 24 by the necessary scanning amount. The position information of the scanning actuator 24 is fed back to the onboard computer 21 and is calculated as inspection position information together with the current position information of the carriage. The inspection data in the inspection device 15 is taken from the inspection device to the onboard computer 21 via the IO board 23 and wirelessly transmitted to the host computer 13 together with the inspection position information. At this time, the scanning actuator 24 may control the position of the probe in conjunction with the control for causing the carriage 14 to run independently, or the position of the probe may be controlled independently of the running of the carriage 14 independently. Also good.

  Next, the physical configuration of the carriage 14 will be described. 3 is a side view of the carriage 14, FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 5 is a front view thereof. FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing the drive unit.

  The carriage 14 has a carriage main body 31, and the carriage main body 31 is divided into an upper step portion 31a, a middle step portion 31b, and a lower step portion 31c.

  The upper stage portion 31 a is provided with an ultrasonic flaw detector 32 and a wireless communication unit 33 that constitute a part of the inspection device 15 in addition to the navigation receiver 12, the mounted computer 21, and the IO board 23 described above.

  A water tank 34 as water supply means is provided in the middle stage portion 31b. When inspecting the metal plate 10 by ultrasonic flaw detection, it is necessary to always fill the space between the probe and the metal plate 10 with water, so that a water supply hose (not shown) from the water tank 34 is used. Through this, water is constantly supplied between the probe and the metal plate. Since the capacity of the water tank is limited, a water source may be provided outside and supplied by a hose.

  The lower stage portion 31 c includes an edge detection sensor 22, a traveling wheel 26, a drive control unit 25, a driving motor 27 a and a turning motor 27 b as the wheel motor 27, and one of the inspection devices 15. A flaw detection head 35, an edge detection sensor controller 37, and a battery 38 are provided.

  The flaw detection head 35 has a probe that is an inspection sensor, and is supported by a flaw detection head support mechanism 36. The flaw detection head 35 is attached to a vertical shaft 39 via a flaw detection head support mechanism 36, and the vertical shaft 39 is movable in the vertical direction along the vertical rail 40. Further, the vertical shaft 39 is attached to the horizontal rail 42 by the attachment portion 41, and the horizontal rail 42 is scanned along the horizontal scanning shaft 43 by the scanning actuator 24 (not shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5).

  The edge detection sensor 22 is typically constituted by a vortex sensor, and thereby detects the plate edge when the carriage 14 is autonomously traveling on the metal plate 10, and the carriage 14 is a metal plate. Prevents falling out of 10 and falling. At the same time, the edge detection sensor 22 is used as a sensor for traveling along the plate edge in the flaw detection at the plate edge during the four-periphery flaw detection. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, for the side on which the flaw detection head 35 is installed, two edge detection sensors 22 are installed so as to be on the same line as the flaw detection head, and two edge detection sensors are used. By controlling the traveling direction of the carriage 14 so that the sensor 22 always detects the plate end, the inspection along the plate end is possible. Similarly, two left and right edge detection sensors 22 are arranged on the side where the flaw detection head 35 is not installed.

  Four wheels 26 are installed at the bottom of the carriage 14 so as to be capable of turning 90 ° or more independently of each other, and omnidirectional control by these is possible. After detecting the operating state of the motor using a motor encoder (not shown) corresponding to each of the plurality of wheel motors, omnidirectional control used for normal robot control is performed using the detected signal. It becomes like this.

  The drive unit 50 drives each wheel independently, and is provided with four wheels for each wheel. As shown in FIG. 6, the wheel drive motor 27 a and the steering wheel motor 27 a are provided as the wheel motor 27. And a turning motor 27b. A pinion gear 51 is attached to the shaft of the turning motor 27b for steering, and the pinion gear 51 is meshed with a rack gear 53 on the outer periphery of the steering turntable 52.

  A housing (not shown) of a wheel drive motor 27a is mounted on the steering turntable 52, and an output rotation shaft 54 of a reduction gear of the wheel drive motor 27a passes through the steering turntable 52 and moves downward. It extends. A first cross shaft gear 55 is coupled to the lower end of the output rotation shaft 54. A second cross shaft gear 56 is engaged with the first cross shaft gear 55, and the second cross shaft gear 56 is coupled to a shaft member 57 of the wheel 26. The shaft member 57 is rotatably supported by a suspension structure 58 that extends downward from the steering turntable 52.

  Accordingly, the wheels 26 are rotated by the drive motor 27a, and the wheels 26 are turned together with the steering turntable 52 and the suspension structure 58 by the turning motor 27b. The wheel driving motor 27a can rotate the wheel forward and backward, and the turning motor 27b is orthogonal to the metal plate surface on which the carriage 14 travels, and around an axis that is offset toward the center of the carriage with respect to the wheels 26. It can turn 90 degrees or more.

  Next, a steering pattern for determining the traveling direction of the self-propelled inspection apparatus for metal plates will be described. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the steering pattern. (A) is a left-right movement, (b) is an oblique movement, (c) is a back-and-forth movement, and (d) is a steering state of super turning. Note that the super-revolution turning means that a vehicle having a crawler such as a hydraulic excavator or a tank changes the direction of the vehicle body without moving by rotating the left and right crawlers oppositely at the same speed.

Next, an embodiment of a metal plate position and orientation detection method using the indoor position measurement system (IGPS) according to the present invention and a metal plate inspection method based thereon will be described.
First, a method for detecting the position and orientation of a metal plate will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a method for detecting a position and orientation of a metal plate according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a diagram for implementing an embodiment of a method for detecting the position and orientation of a metal plate according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows a system configuration.

  As shown in these drawings, here, the contact type probe 61 of the metal plate position and orientation detection jig 60 to which the navigation receiver 12 of the indoor position measurement system 200 is attached is connected to the corner of the metal plate 10 as the measurement target. Apply the position and measure the position. In order to measure the contact coordinates at that time with high accuracy, the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver 12 and the contact probe 61 is usually determined with high accuracy within ± 50 micrometers. In the indoor position measurement system 200, information on the position (X, Y, Z) and attitude (θx, θy, θz) of the navigation receiver 12 can be obtained, so the position of the navigation receiver 12 and the contact probe 61 If the relationship is determined, it is possible to perform an operation for converting the position information of the navigation receiver 12 into position information at the contact probe position.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart for detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a coordinate system set based on the measurement points of the plate end in the work flow for detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate. First, the edge position detection mode of the metal plate is selected on the operation screen of the host computer constituting the indoor position measurement system (step 1). Subsequently, using the metal plate position / posture detection jig, the position of the measurement point A is measured as the corner of the plate at the origin (step 2). Subsequently, the plate edge measurement point B position is measured as a corner (corner) adjacent to the measurement point A in the rolling direction (step 3). Subsequently, the plate end measurement point C position is measured as the measurement point A and the diagonal plate corner (corner) (step 4). In this way, the edge position is detected in at least three corners among the four corners of the metal plate, and a rectangular shape including the three points in the corner is calculated. Since the position and orientation of the plate can be detected, the position and orientation of the metal plate when a rectangular shape including the measurement position coordinate data of the measurement points A (origin), B, and C at three corners (corners) is assumed. Is set by the host computer, and a coordinate system is set in which the measurement point A is the origin, the vector direction from the measurement point A to B is the X direction, and the direction orthogonal thereto is the Y direction (step 5). This coordinate system is hereinafter referred to as a metal plate coordinate system.

  Since the metal plate is not necessarily rectangular, such a case may be assumed, and the position and orientation of the metal plate may be detected as a quadrangular shape connecting the four corners of the metal plate on a line.

  Next, a method for setting a target inspection position and an inspection route will be described. FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for setting a target inspection position and an inspection route. After setting the metal plate coordinate system as described above, the setting / evaluation software 17 in the host computer selects the target inspection position setting mode of the metal plate (step 6), and the metal plate based on the industrial standard and the contract with the customer. The inspection pattern is selected (step 7). Subsequently, on the software, for the flaw detection around the metal plate 4, specify the flaw detection location, pitch, and number of times (step 8), and for flaw detection inside the steel plate, specify the flaw detection location, the scanning direction of the probe, and the pitch. . Based on the designation and the position and orientation information of the metal plate, the software determines the target inspection position and inspection path in the metal plate coordinate system (step 10).

  As an example of the inspection pattern, FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining scanning sections and flaw detection locations defined in 7.6 flaw detection locations (scan locations and ranges) in the ultrasonic flaw detection inspection method for a JIS G0801 pressure vessel steel sheet. In the same standard, flaw detection locations are specified for four metal plates and flaw detection within the steel plate, with flaw detection pitches for the four periphery and flaw detection pitch and scanning direction for the steel plate inside. For such metal plate inspection, there are various standards including not only JIS but also overseas standards, and it is necessary to carry out inspection based on contracts with customers. In this case, by preparing software for setting an inspection pattern in advance as necessary, flexible response according to customer requirements is possible.

  FIG. 14 shows the A scope, which is the primary information obtained in flaw detection, and the B scope, which is mapped to the vertical section of the flaw detection material in association with the information of the A scope and the scanning position, and the mapped display about the horizontal section. FIG. The A scope is obtained as primary information in flaw detection, and it is possible to extract information on the “degree of flaw” from the height of the echo peak and “position in the depth direction of the flaw” from the ultrasonic propagation time.

  In “9. Classification and evaluation of scratches” in the ultrasonic flaw detection method for steel sheets for JISG0801, a “defect level” determination method based on echo peak height is defined. At present, there is no regulation regarding the display of “direction position”. However, it is possible to extract information on “position in the depth direction of the flaw” from the ultrasonic propagation time of the A scope. It is necessary to grasp the distribution of three-dimensional flaws in the steel sheet as a product, including the “depth position in the flaw”, for quality assurance and flexible response to customer requirements.

  In the present invention, when scanning the probe to the target inspection position and inspection path, inspection is performed while identifying the current position of the probe, and flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information on the metal plate plane is obtained. By obtaining, the position of the defect can be accurately grasped. For example, when a flaw (defect) as shown in FIG. 15 exists inside the metal plate, based on the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, a flaw (defect) inside the metal plate as shown in FIG. By mapping and displaying the arrangement on the plane of the metal plate, the planar arrangement of flaws (defects) can be visualized, and the defect can be easily grasped. In addition, by adding information on the position in the depth direction of the flaw based on the ultrasonic wave propagation time to the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information on the “metal plate plane”, as shown in FIG. The arrangement of flaws (defects) inside the metal plate can also be grasped in the thickness direction, and it becomes possible to perform a three-dimensional mapping process and display within the metal plate flat plate. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, a B scope that performs mapping display regarding the vertical section of the flaw detection material in association with the information of the A scope and the scanning position, and a C scope that performs mapping display regarding the horizontal section. Can be obtained.

  In the acquisition of the position and posture information of the metal plate by the metal position and posture detection jig composed of the navigation receiver and the contact probe described above, the metal plate shape is assumed to be a rectangular shape, so the metal plate is bent. In some cases, there is a difference between the plate edge recognition position of the metal plate by the above method and the actual plate edge position, and when traveling based on the target inspection position and inspection path determined on the assumption of a rectangular shape, There is a possibility of falling from the board. Therefore, as described above, during the four-round flaw detection, in addition to the target inspection position and the inspection route, the vehicle travels while being corrected by the edge detection sensor installed around the apparatus.

  FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the movement of the self-propelled inspection device (cart) at the time of four-side flaw detection. (1) When inspecting the lower plate end in FIG. 18, the two edge detection sensors 22 installed on the side surface of the carriage 14 so as to be collinear with the flaw detection head 35 always detect the plate end. The vehicle travels by controlling the traveling direction of the device. (2) Based on the target inspection position and inspection path, when the plate end position ahead in the running direction approaches, the device starts to decelerate, and (3) two edges finally installed in front of the device The detection sensor 22 stops once when the edge of the metal plate 10 is detected. (4) Subsequently, the flaw detection head 35 is moved by the actuator (not shown) for scanning the flaw detection head 35 in the horizontal direction until it reaches the plate end position. (5) The apparatus drives a turning motor (not shown) in a stopped state, and steers the wheels 26 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction so far. (6) The apparatus is advanced and the plate edge on the left side of FIG. 18 is inspected. Thereafter, the process is repeated until a predetermined four-round flaw detection is completed.

  FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the movement of the self-propelled inspection device (cart) during flaw detection inside the metal plate. The inside of the metal plate 10 does not depend on the plate edge, and the inspection is performed based on the above-described target inspection position and inspection path. In accordance with a target inspection position path, a target carriage position and a target scanning amount of an actuator (not shown) that scans the probe (flaw detection head 35) are determined, and control of driving of the wheels 26, steering, and probe scanning are performed. Scan the actuator.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram showing inspection positions and paths when the metal plate four periphery inspection and the internal inspection are performed. Here, first, as shown in (a), after performing four rounds of flaw detection two rounds 75 mm inside from the plate end and the plate end, as shown in (b) to (e), from adjacent scanning lines. A case is shown in which the distance is inspected in the rolling direction at a pitch of 50 mm.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, based on the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver and the probe, the position information of the navigation receiver when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate is used as the probe position. The position information of the metal plate is detected and the position and posture of the metal plate are detected based on the position of the metal plate. Based on the position information of the high-accuracy navigation receiver, The position information of the contact probe whose positional relationship with the navigation receiver is determined can be obtained with extremely high accuracy, and based on this, the position and orientation of the metal plate can be detected with high accuracy.

  In addition, a metal plate coordinate system is set based on the position and orientation information of the metal plate detected in this manner, a target inspection position and an inspection path are determined in the metal plate coordinate system, and a target inspection is performed based on the IGPS signal. Since the inspection is performed while the carriage is autonomously driven so that the inspection sensor is scanned along the position and the inspection path, the inspection can be performed with extremely high accuracy.

  At this time, an inspection sensor having a probe that scans in proximity to the metal plate is used, and the carriage of the probe is scanned so that the probe is scanned to the target inspection position and inspection path. By controlling the position with respect to the actuator, various scanning patterns can be dealt with.

  Furthermore, as a sensor for inspection, a sensor having a probe that scans close to a metal plate is used, and when the probe is scanned to the target inspection position and inspection path, the current position of the probe is identified. By inspecting and obtaining flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, the position of the defect can be accurately grasped. Also, based on the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, the defect arrangement inside the metal plate can be mapped and displayed on the metal plate plane, and the defect arrangement can be visualized. Can be easily grasped.

  In addition, by adding information on the position in the depth direction of the flaw based on the ultrasonic propagation time included in the flaw detection results to the mapping information on the metal plate plane, the arrangement of defects inside the metal plate can be It is possible to map and display three-dimensionally in the plate and plate, and it is possible to improve the quality assurance level and flexibly respond to customer requirements.

  The present invention can be variously modified without being limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which a metal plate is inspected using a self-propelled carriage after detecting the position and posture of the metal plate has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the position and posture of the metal plate are detected. Then, the worker may inspect the metal plate based on the information. Further, the structure of the carriage is not limited to the above embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Navigation transmitter 12 Navigation receiver 13 Host computer 14 Dolly 15 Inspection equipment 21 Installed computer 22 Edge detection sensor 24 Scanning actuator 26 Wheel 27 Wheel motor 27a Drive motor 27b Turning motor 35 Inspection head (for inspection) Sensor)
100 metal plate inspection system 200 indoor position measurement system 300 metal plate self-propelled inspection device

Claims (9)

  Navigation receiver and contact probe for receiving a rotating fan beam emitted from one or more navigation transmitters of an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in space and recognizing the rotating fan beam as an IGPS signal The position information of the navigation receiver at the probe position when the probe is brought into contact with the edge of the metal plate based on the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver and the probe. A position and orientation detection method for a metal plate, characterized by performing an operation for conversion into information, detecting an edge position of the metal plate, and detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate based on the detected position.   After detecting the edge position in at least three corners among the four corners of the metal plate, the position and posture of the metal plate are detected by calculating a rectangular shape including these three points in the corner. The metal plate position and orientation detection method according to claim 1.   The metal plate position and posture detection method according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate position and posture are detected as a quadrangular shape connecting the four corners of the metal plate with line segments. A navigation receiver that receives a rotating fan beam emitted from one or more navigation transmitters of an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in space and recognizes the rotating fan beam as an IGPS signal;
A jig consisting of a contact probe;
Based on the geometric positional relationship between the navigation receiver and the probe, an operation for converting the position information of the navigation receiver when the probe is brought into contact with an edge of a metal plate into position information at the probe position. A position detecting device for detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate, and an arithmetic unit for detecting the position and orientation of the metal plate based on the detected edge position of the metal plate. A method for inspecting a metal plate using an indoor position measurement system (IGPS) installed in a space,
A metal plate coordinate system is set based on the position and orientation information of the metal plate detected by any one of claims 1 to 3,
Determining a target inspection position and inspection path in the metal plate coordinate system;
A self-position and a target position recognized by using the IGPS signal by mounting a navigation receiver of the indoor position measurement system and an inspection sensor for inspecting a scratch on the metal plate on a cart traveling on a metal plate surface A method for inspecting a metal plate, wherein the inspection is performed by autonomously running the carriage so that the inspection sensor is scanned in the target inspection position and inspection path according to the deviation. .   A sensor having a probe that scans in proximity to a metal plate is used as the inspection sensor, and the probe is scanned with respect to the carriage so that the probe is scanned along the target inspection position and inspection path. 6. The method for inspecting a metal plate according to claim 5, wherein the position is controlled by an actuator.   A sensor having a probe that scans in proximity to a metal plate is used as the inspection sensor, and when the probe is scanned along the target inspection position and inspection path, the current position of the probe is identified. 6. The method for inspecting a metal plate according to claim 5, wherein inspection is performed while obtaining flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information.   8. The inspection of a metal plate according to claim 7, wherein, based on flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, the arrangement of defects inside the metal plate is mapped and displayed on a metal plate plane. Method.   8. The metal plate according to claim 7, wherein, based on the flaw detection information associated with the inspection position information, the arrangement of defects inside the metal plate is displayed after being three-dimensionally mapped in the metal plate. Inspection method.

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