JP2014062527A - Vane type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce discharge pulsation by increasing a volume of a discharge chamber of a vane type compressor, and to downsize the whole apparatus.SOLUTION: A vane type compressor 101 includes: a housing 1 provided with a cylinder chamber 13 inside thereof; a drive shaft 9 rotatably supported by the housing 1; a rotor 25 integrally mounted on the drive shaft 9; a vane 27 retractably disposed on an outer periphery of the rotor 25, and kept into contact with an inner peripheral face of the cylinder chamber 13; a compression chamber 31 formed in the cylinder chamber 31 by the vane 27 and the rotor 25; a suction chamber 15 communicated with the compression chamber 31; and a discharge chamber 17 communicated with the compression chamber 31 and having an oil storage space 22 for storing a lubricant. The discharge chamber 17 has spaces of a prescribed size at both sides through the cylinder chamber 13 in a direction X, and the spaces are communicated with each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vane type compressor.

  A vane type compressor used for compressing a refrigerant generally has a housing in which a suction chamber, a discharge chamber, and a compression mechanism are formed. A drive shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. The compression mechanism includes a cylinder chamber, a rotor fixed to the drive shaft so as to be integrally rotatable, and a plurality of vanes provided in the rotor. A plurality of vane grooves are formed in the rotor, and each vane is provided in the vane groove so as to appear and retract. A space surrounded by the vane, the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber, and the outer surface of the rotor forms a compression chamber.

  Patent Document 1 describes a vane compressor in which a housing is formed of two members, a front housing and a rear housing. In the vane compressor disclosed in Patent Document 1, the suction chamber is formed in the front housing, and the discharge chamber is formed in the rear housing. The suction chamber and the discharge chamber communicate with a cylinder chamber recessed in the rear housing, and are provided at the upper portion of the cylinder chamber. The rear housing is provided with an oil storage chamber for storing oil separately from the discharge chamber.

JP2012-26330A

  However, in the vane type compressor of Patent Document 1, there is a limit to securing the volume of the discharge chamber formed in the rear housing, and there is a concern that the discharge pulsation may deteriorate. Also, if the volume of the discharge chamber is to be increased, the rear housing must be increased, and the vane compressor as a whole cannot be reduced in size. In addition, since the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber are provided separately in the rear housing, it is difficult to reduce the size of the rear housing in order to secure the respective volumes of the discharge chamber and the oil storage chamber. The size must be increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides a vane type compressor capable of reducing the discharge pulsation by increasing the volume of the discharge chamber and reducing the size of the entire apparatus. Objective.

In order to solve the above problems, a vane compressor according to the present invention is integrally attached to a housing having a cylinder chamber formed therein, a drive shaft rotatably supported by the housing, and the drive shaft. A rotor, a vane provided on the outer periphery of the rotor and in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber, a compression chamber formed in the cylinder chamber by the vane and the rotor, and a suction chamber communicating with the compression chamber A discharge chamber having an oil storage space communicating with the compression chamber and storing lubricating oil, the discharge chamber having spaces of a predetermined size on both sides of the cylinder chamber in the axial direction of the drive shaft. In order to configure the space as an oil storage space, the spaces communicate with each other.
In this way, the discharge chamber also functions as an oil storage chamber, and the discharge chambers are provided on both sides of the housing in the axial direction of the drive shaft, so that the dimensions of the discharge chamber can be maintained without increasing the dimensions of the vane compressor itself. Can be secured.

  The vane compressor according to the present invention includes a sealing member that seals between the drive shaft and the housing, and the housing has a sealing member oil supply passage for supplying oil from the oil storage space to the sealing member. It may be formed.

  The vane compressor according to the present invention includes a bearing that rotatably supports the drive shaft between the drive shaft and the housing, and a bearing oil supply passage for supplying oil to the bearing from the oil storage space is formed in the housing. Can also be done.

  Furthermore, a communication hole for communicating the suction chamber and the discharge chamber is formed in the housing, and a check valve is provided in the communication hole. The check valve has a pressure higher than the pressure in the suction chamber by a predetermined pressure or higher. It may be configured to be in an open state when it becomes.

Furthermore, the lubricating oil in the oil storage space may be supplied as back pressure to the vane from both ends in the axial direction of the drive shaft.
Further, the housing can be constituted by three members.

  According to this invention, in the vane type compressor, the volume of the discharge chamber can be increased to reduce discharge pulsation, and the entire device can be downsized.

It is sectional drawing of the vane type compressor which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which cut the vane type compressor of FIG. 1 along HH, and is a figure which shows the mode in a cylinder chamber typically. It is sectional drawing which cut the vane type compressor of FIG. 1 along II, and is a figure which shows typically the mode of a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. It is sectional drawing of the vane type compressor which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which cut the vane type compressor of FIG. 4 along I'-I ', and is a figure which shows typically the mode of a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. It is sectional drawing of the vane type compressor which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which cut the vane type compressor of FIG. 6 along I "-I", and is a figure which shows typically the mode of a suction chamber and a discharge chamber. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the mode of the suction chamber and discharge chamber of the vane type compressor which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the vane type compressor which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
A vane type compressor 101 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the housing 1 (or the outer shell and the partition member) of the vane compressor 101 is composed of three members: a front housing 3, a rear side plate 5, and a shell 7. The shell 7 has a substantially cylindrical shape with one opening, and a substantially disk-shaped rear side plate 5 is fitted therein. Further, the front housing 3 is configured to have two large and small cylindrical shapes on the left and right sides of the disk shape, and is fitted into the shell 7 adjacent to the rear side plate 5. That is, the outer peripheries of the front housing 3 and the rear side plate 5 are covered with the shell 7. The front housing 3 and the rear side plate 5 are fixedly connected to each other by bolts 45 (see FIG. 2).
Hereinafter, in the vane compressor 101, the side where the front housing 3 is provided is referred to as the front, and the side where the rear side plate 5 is provided is referred to as the rear. A portion formed by the front housing 3 constitutes a front portion of the housing 1, and a portion formed by the rear side plate 5 and a portion formed rearward of the rear side plate 5 constitute a rear portion of the housing 1.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a substantially cylindrical cylinder chamber 13 is formed in the front housing 3 so as to be recessed in a rearward direction. That is, the front housing 3 forms one end surface and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the axial center of the cylinder chamber 13 is eccentric with respect to the axial center O of the front housing 3. Further, the drive shaft 9 is rotatably supported on the front housing 3 via a front side bearing 21. The drive shaft 9 protrudes forward while penetrating the front housing 3, and an electromagnetic clutch, a pulley, and the like (not shown) are fixed to the tip of the drive shaft 9, and a driving force from a vehicle engine (not shown) is transmitted. It has become so. Here, a substantially cylindrical lip seal holding portion 3 b is formed to protrude toward the front of the front housing 3 so as to surround the drive shaft 9 protruding forward. A lip seal holding space 34 is formed between the lip seal holding portion 3 b and the drive shaft 9. The lip seal holding space 34, that is, the space between the drive shaft 9 and the front housing 3 is sealed with a lip seal 19.
The front side bearing 21 constitutes a bearing. The lip seal 19 constitutes a sealing member. In the following description, the direction in which the drive shaft 9 extends is referred to as direction X.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the drive shaft 9 is disposed so that the center O of the front housing 3 is the center of rotation. A cylindrical rotor 25 is integrally attached to the drive shaft 9, and the rotor 25 is rotatably provided in the cylinder chamber 13. The rotor 25 is eccentric with respect to the cylinder chamber 13, and a part of the rotor 25 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13. Further, two vane grooves 25 a are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 25. The vane grooves 25 a are arranged at point-symmetric positions with respect to the rotation center O of the rotor 25. A vane 27 is accommodated in each vane groove 25a so as to be able to appear and retract. That is, the vane 27 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 25 so as to be able to appear and disappear through the vane groove 25a. Further, a back pressure chamber 29 is formed between each vane 27 and each vane groove 25a. Here, the vane 27 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13 when the lubricating oil is supplied as the back pressure from the back pressure chamber 29. Two compression chambers 31 are formed in the cylinder chamber 13 by the two vanes 27 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 25. The front housing 3 is formed with a suction port 15a on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13, and the suction port 15a communicates with the compression chamber 31 in the suction stroke. Further, a discharge space 33 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front housing 3 with the shell 7, and the discharge space 33 communicates with the compression chamber 31 in the discharge stroke via a discharge port 33a. Further, the front housing 3 is formed with a part 11 b of the discharge chamber connection path 11 extending along the direction X in the lower portion of the cylinder chamber 13.

Next, the structure of the shell 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the upper part of the shell 7, a suction port 7 c is formed on the front side, and a discharge port 7 b is formed on the rear side. In addition, three attachment legs 7 a are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 7, one being disposed on the upper portion of the shell 7 and two on the lower portion of the shell 7. The vane type compressor 101 is attached to a vehicle engine (not shown) or the like via an attachment foot 7a. However, the number and arrangement of the mounting feet 7a are not limited to this.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vane compressor 101 taken along the line II, and schematically shows the state of the suction chamber and the discharge chamber. Here, referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, a suction chamber 15 and a front-side discharge chamber 17 b are formed between the front housing 3 and the shell 7. The suction chamber 15 and the front discharge chamber 17b are separated by a partition portion 3c formed in the front housing 3, and have a substantially half-moon shape adjacent to each other. The front-side discharge chamber 17b has a front-side oil storage space 22b for storing lubricating oil at the bottom. The suction chamber 15 communicates with the outside through the suction port 7c and also communicates with the refrigerant suction side of the cylinder chamber 13 through the suction port 15a. Here, that the suction chamber 15 communicates with the refrigerant suction side of the cylinder chamber 13 means that the suction chamber 15 communicates with the compression chamber 31 in the state of the refrigerant suction stroke via the suction port 15a. .

Next, the structure of the rear side plate 5 will be described with reference to FIG.
Since the cylinder chamber 13 is closed with the rear side plate 5 as a lid, the rear side plate 5 constitutes one end face on the rear side of the cylinder chamber 13. On the upper part of the rear side plate 5, a separator 41 for separating the refrigerant and the lubricating oil is formed. The rear side plate 5 is formed with a discharge hole 33 b, and the discharge hole 33 b is provided so as to communicate with the discharge space 33 on the front housing 3 side and the separator 41. Further, the drive shaft 9 is rotatably supported by the rear side plate 5 via the rear side bearing 23. Further, a part 11 a of the discharge chamber connection path 11 is formed in the lower part of the rear side plate 5. When the rear side plate 5 and the front housing 3 are combined, the discharge chamber connection path 11a of the rear side plate 5 and the discharge chamber connection path 11b of the front housing 3 are one discharge chamber connection path as the vane compressor 101 as a whole. 11 is configured.

  A rear-side discharge chamber 17 a is formed between the rear side plate 5 and the shell 7. The rear side discharge chamber 17a communicates with the outside through the discharge port 7b, and also communicates with the refrigerant discharge side of the cylinder chamber 13 through the discharge space 33 described above. Here, the rear-side discharge chamber 17a communicates with the refrigerant discharge side of the cylinder chamber 13. The rear-side discharge chamber 17a communicates with the compression chamber 31 in the refrigerant discharge stroke via the discharge space 33. It means being. The rear side discharge chamber 17a has a rear side oil storage space 22a for storing lubricating oil at the bottom. The front-side discharge chamber 17b and the rear-side discharge chamber 17a communicate with each other through the discharge chamber connection path 11. Through the discharge chamber connection path 11, the lubricating oil can flow between the front oil storage space 22b and the rear oil storage space 22a. Therefore, the front oil storage space 22b and the rear oil storage space 22a constitute an oil storage space 22 as a whole. Further, the front discharge chamber 17b and the rear discharge chamber 17a constitute a discharge chamber 17 as a whole. That is, the discharge chamber 17 includes a front-side discharge chamber 17b and a rear-side discharge chamber 17a that are two spaces of a predetermined size on both sides of the cylinder chamber 13 in the direction X.

  Further, the rear side plate 5 is formed with a rear side back pressure path 36 for communicating the rear side oil storage space 22a with the back pressure chamber 29 of the vane 27. Therefore, the lubricating oil in the rear oil storage space 22a flows into the back pressure chamber 29 of the vane 27, and back pressure is applied to the vane 27 so as to press the vane 27 in the vane groove 25a radially outward. it can.

As described above, since the oil storage space 22 is formed at the bottom of the discharge chamber 17, the space in the discharge chamber 17 can be used for storing lubricating oil, and the discharge chamber 17 also functions as an oil storage chamber. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an oil storage chamber separately from the discharge chamber 17, and the entire vane compressor 101 can be downsized.
Further, since the discharge chamber 17 is formed not only in the rear portion of the housing 1 but also in the front housing 3 in the front portion, the volume of the discharge chamber 17 can be increased accordingly, and discharge pulsation can be reduced. it can.
Furthermore, the discharge chamber 17 is formed in the lower part of the cylinder chamber 13 and the suction chamber 15 so that the oil storage space 22 is provided from the front to the rear of the housing 1 along the direction X. Therefore, the vibration of the vane compressor 101 is reduced by the damper effect by the lubricating oil stored in the lower part of the housing 1.

  The housing 1 is composed of three members: a front housing 3, a rear side plate 5, and a shell 7. The outer periphery of the front housing 3 and the rear side plate 5 is covered with the shell 7. Here, in the conventional vane type compressor, since there is no configuration corresponding to the shell 7, it is difficult to secure the volume of the suction chamber formed in the front housing, and there is a concern about deterioration of suction pulsation. On the other hand, the suction chamber 15 of the vane type compressor 101 in the present embodiment can be formed between the outer peripheral portion of the front housing 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the shell 7. That is, the volume of the suction chamber 15 can be secured larger, and the deterioration of the suction pulsation is prevented. Further, since the shell 7 covers the outer peripheries of the front housing 3 and the rear side plate 5, the outer peripheries of the front housing 3 and the rear side plate 5 are appropriately thinned, thereby reducing the weight of the vane compressor 101. be able to.

  Hereinafter, Embodiments 2 to 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9, but the configuration denoted by the same reference numerals as those of Embodiment 1 is the vane compressor shown in FIGS. Since it is the same structure as 101, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
A vane type compressor 102 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, the vane compressor 102 is formed with a sealing portion oil supply passage 26 for supplying lubricating oil to the lip seal 19 in the front housing 3 ′. The sealing portion oil supply passage 26 is configured to communicate the lip seal holding space 34 defined by the lip seal holding portion 3b ′ with the front oil storage space 22b. Here, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an oil supply passage forming column 3a ′ that extends downward and protrudes into the front-side discharge chamber 17b ′ is formed in the lower portion of the partition portion 3c ′ in the front housing 3 ′. The The sealing portion oil supply path 26 is formed so as to penetrate the oil supply path forming column 3a ′. Further, the sealing portion oil supply passage 26 extends in a substantially U shape between the front oil storage space 22b and the lip seal holding space 34 in the oil supply passage forming column 3a ′. As in the first embodiment, the front housing 3 ′, the rear side plate 5 and the shell 7 constitute a housing 1 ′. Further, the front-side discharge chamber 17b ′ provided in front of the housing 1 ′ and the rear-side discharge chamber 17a ′ provided in the rear of the housing 1 ′ constitute a discharge chamber 17 ′ as a whole.

As described above, the sealing portion oil supply passage 26 that connects the front side oil storage space 22b and the lip seal holding space 34 is formed, so that the lubricating oil can be supplied to the lip seal 19 from the front side oil storage space 22b. Thereby, the lubricity between the drive shaft 9 and the lip seal 19 is improved, and wear of the lip seal is prevented.
In addition, although the sealing part oil supply path 26 in the present embodiment extends in a substantially square shape in the oil supply path forming column 3a ′, it is not limited thereto, and may extend in a straight line, for example.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, a vane compressor 103 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 6, the vane compressor 103 is formed with a bearing oil supply passage 24 that extends linearly upward from the front oil storage space 22 b side and penetrates the front housing 3 ″ toward the front bearing 21. 6 and 7, as in the second embodiment, the front housing 3 ″ extends vertically while projecting into the front discharge chamber 17b ″ at the lower portion of the partition portion 3c ′. An oil supply passage forming column 3a ″ is formed. The bearing oil supply path 24 is formed in the oil supply path forming column 3a ". Note that, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the front housing 3", the rear side plate 5, and the shell 7 constitute the housing 1 ". The front side discharge chamber 17b "provided in front of the housing 1" and the rear side discharge chamber 17a "provided in the rear of the housing 1" constitute a discharge chamber 17 "as a whole.

  From the above, by forming the bearing oil supply passage 24 in the front housing 3 ″, it becomes possible to supply the lubricant from the front oil storage space 22b to the front bearing 21. Therefore, the drive shaft 9 and the front bearing 21 Thus, the wearability and seizure of the drive shaft 9 and the front bearing 21 are prevented.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Next, a vane compressor 104 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, a communication hole 48 that connects the suction chamber 15 and the front discharge chamber 17 b is formed in the partition portion 403 c of the front housing 403 of the vane compressor 104. Further, a check valve 28 is provided in the communication hole 48. The check valve 28 is opened when the pressure in the front side discharge chamber 17b is higher than the pressure in the suction chamber 15 by a predetermined pressure or more, so that the front side discharge chamber 17b and the suction chamber 15 communicate with each other. It is configured.
As in the first to third embodiments, the front housing 403, the rear side plate 5, and the shell 7 constitute a housing 401.

  As described above, the check valve 28 is provided in the partition portion 403c, so that the front-side discharge chamber 17b can be used at the time of high compression when the rotational speed increases or the refrigerant flow rate increases or when an abnormality occurs in the vane compressor 104. Can be bypassed between the front-side discharge chamber 17b and the suction chamber 15. That is, the check valve 28 functions as a safety device when the vane compressor 104 is abnormal.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
Next, a vane compressor 105 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the front housing 503 of the vane compressor 105 is formed with a front side back pressure path 32 that allows the front side oil storage space 22 b and the back pressure chamber 29 of the vane 27 to communicate with each other. By forming the front side back pressure path 32, the high-pressure lubricating oil in the front side oil storage space 22 b flows into the back pressure chamber 29 of the vane 27 through the front side back pressure path 32. For this reason, the lubricating oil is supplied to the vane 27 as a back pressure not only from the rear of the cylinder chamber 13 but also from the front to the back pressure chamber 29. In other words, the lubricant in the front oil storage space 22b is supplied to the vane 27 as a back pressure from both ends in the direction X.
As in the first to fourth embodiments, the front housing 503, the rear side plate 5, and the shell 7 constitute a housing 501.

  Here, in the case of a conventional vane type compressor configured to supply lubricating oil to the vane only from the rear, the vane is inclined from the rear to the front due to the pressure of the lubricating oil supplied from the rear. Therefore, in the conventional vane type compressor, only the rear end of the vane contacts the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber, and a gap is generated between the front end of the vane and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13. End up. On the other hand, in the vane type compressor 105 according to the present embodiment, the back pressure is supplied from the front and the rear, thereby supporting the vane 27 with an equal pressure from the front and the back. Can uniformly contact the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber 13 across the front and rear.

The cylinder chambers 13 of the vane compressors 101 to 105 according to Embodiments 1 to 5 have a perfect circle shape when viewed from the direction X, but are not limited thereto, and are elliptical when viewed from the direction X. A cylinder chamber may be used.
Moreover, you may use combining the structure which concerns on Embodiment 2-5 suitably with respect to the structure of the vane type compressor 101 which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG.

  1, 1 ', 1 ", 401, 501 Housing, 3, 3', 3", 403, 503 Front housing (housing), 5 Rear side plate (housing), 7 Shell (housing), 9 Drive shaft, 13 Cylinder chamber , 15 Suction chamber, 17, 17 ', 17 "Discharge chamber, 19 Lip seal (sealing member), 21 Front bearing (bearing), 22 Oil storage space, 24 Bearing oil passage, 25 Rotor, 26 Seal portion oil passage , 27 vane, 28 check valve, 48 communication hole, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 vane compressor.

Claims (6)

A housing having a cylinder chamber formed therein;
A drive shaft rotatably supported by the housing;
A rotor integrally attached to the drive shaft;
A vane provided on the outer periphery of the rotor so as to be able to protrude and come into contact with an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber;
A compression chamber formed in the cylinder chamber by the vane and the rotor;
A suction chamber communicating with the compression chamber;
A vane type compressor provided with a discharge chamber having an oil storage space communicating with the compression chamber and storing lubricating oil,
The discharge chamber includes spaces of a predetermined size on both sides of the cylinder chamber in the axial direction of the drive shaft, and the spaces communicate with each other so as to configure both spaces as the oil storage space. A vane type compressor characterized by that. A sealing member for sealing between the drive shaft and the housing;
The vane type compressor according to claim 1, wherein a sealing portion oil supply passage for supplying oil from the oil storage space to the sealing member is formed in the housing. A bearing that rotatably supports the drive shaft between the drive shaft and the housing;
The vane type compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bearing oil supply passage for supplying oil to the bearing from the oil storage space is formed in the housing. A communication hole for communicating the suction chamber and the discharge chamber is formed in the housing.
The communication hole is provided with a check valve,
The said check valve is comprised so that it may be in an open state, when the pressure of the said discharge chamber becomes more than a fixed pressure more than the pressure of the said suction chamber. Vane type compressor.   The vane type compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein lubricating oil in the oil storage space is supplied to the vane as back pressure from both ends in the axial direction of the drive shaft.   The vane type compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the housing includes three members.

Images