JP2014062422A - Construction method for plastered wall, and plastered wall structure - Google Patents
Construction method for plastered wall, and plastered wall structure Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、低吸水性紙シートを用いた塗り壁の施工方法及び塗り壁構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a painted wall construction method and a painted wall structure using a low water-absorbent paper sheet.
従来、日本の住宅の壁構造の殆どは左官土壁塗りであったが、工期も長くかかり大量の泥土を必要としていたため、近代住宅には不向となり、現在は石膏ボードなどで壁の躯体を構成させるクロス貼仕上げが主流となっている。
しかし、火災時の有毒ガス発生や廃棄による公害、それらの素材や接着剤に含まれる有機溶剤などでシックハウス症候群などの問題が起こったため、現在では、素材や接着のりなど、かなり改良が加えられたが、依然として素材には調湿機能がなく、湿度が高い日本の気候に合わず、調湿機能の高い左官塗り壁が見直され施工もされているが、その下地として石膏ボードなどを用いた張りぼてであり、ひび割れなどの問題や課題がある。
Conventionally, most of the wall structures in Japanese houses were plastered, but the construction period was long and a large amount of mud was required, making it unsuitable for modern houses. The cross-paste finish that constitutes the mainstream.
However, due to pollution caused by toxic gas generation and disposal in the event of fire, organic solvents contained in those materials and adhesives, and so on, problems such as sick house syndrome have occurred. However, the material still has no humidity control function, and it does not match the high Japanese climate, and the plastering wall with high humidity control function has been reviewed and constructed, but the plasterboard etc. is used as its foundation There are problems and issues such as cracks.
特に塗り壁下地の水分が石膏ボード合板ベニヤなどの下地素材に浸透することによって、下地素材からアクが染み出したり、下地素材による吸水率の違いに起因すると考えられる色ムラが発生したり、柱や桟木など石膏ボード取り付け部材の乾燥にともなう歪みや、縮みなど下地の動きによって発生している塗り壁のひび割れなど、下地の状態が仕上がりの善し悪しに密接に関係する課題がある。 In particular, when the water on the painted wall penetrates into the base material, such as gypsum board plywood veneer, ooze from the base material, color unevenness that may be caused by the difference in water absorption rate due to the base material, There is a problem that the state of the groundwork is closely related to the quality of the finish, such as distortion caused by drying of the gypsum board mounting member such as piers and piers and cracks in the painted wall caused by movement of the groundwork such as shrinkage.
このため、塗り壁作業に着手する前に下地を適性な状態にするための前作業に多くの時間を費やさなければならなかった。それにより、塗り壁が室内空気環境に好適であることが知られていても、施工が容易なクロス貼りなどと比べて高価となり、工期も長くかかる課題がある。 For this reason, it has been necessary to spend a lot of time in the pre-work for making the base into an appropriate state before starting the coating wall work. Thereby, even if it is known that the painted wall is suitable for the indoor air environment, there is a problem that it is more expensive and requires a longer construction period than cloth pasting that is easy to construct.
また、塗料などの場合も同様に、石膏ボードなどの継ぎ目や下地素材の違いによるひび割れや下地素材から染み出すアクが原因の色ムラ発生等の問題がある。 Similarly, in the case of paints and the like, there are problems such as the occurrence of color unevenness caused by cracks due to differences in joints and base materials such as plaster boards, and oozing from the base material.
そのため、和紙やパルプ紙などを石膏ボードや合板ベニヤなどの躯体に貼り付け、継ぎ目のない一枚の壁下地を構成させてやれば、下地条件を一定にさせることが出来るが、その場合、紙の収縮により継なぎ目の紙が切れるなどの問題があり重ね貼りを行うが、継なぎ部分に段差が生じるので塗り壁下地としては問題であり、また貼り付け施工時においてシートに糊を付着すれば糊の水分で紙がよれよれになり貼り付け作業も困難であった。 For this reason, it is possible to make the ground conditions constant by pasting Japanese paper or pulp paper on a gypsum board or plywood veneer frame to form a seamless wall base. There is a problem that the seam paper breaks due to shrinkage of the seam, but it is overlaid, but since there is a step in the seam part, it is a problem as the base of the painted wall, and glue is attached to the sheet at the time of pasting In other words, the moisture of the glue shook the paper and the pasting work was difficult.
現在行われている左官塗りによる下地調整の場合、石膏ボードの継なぎ目部分から発生するひび割れの防止として、寒冷紗などのメッシュを用いて継ぎ目部分のみに貼り付ける方法で一体化させているが、その部分だけ下地材が厚く吸水率が異なる下地となり、色ムラ発生の原因となっている。又、下塗りに用いる下地材は吸水の激しい素材の場合、仕上げ施工が困難な為、吸水率の低い樹脂を用いた下地材が多く使用されるため、下地施工時に養生テープにより建物の部材を痛めたり、樹脂による汚れの付着跡が残るなどの問題がある。 In the case of groundwork adjustment by plastering that is currently performed, in order to prevent cracks generated from the seam part of the gypsum board, it is integrated by a method of attaching only to the seam part using a mesh such as a cold koji, The base material is thick only in that portion and the water absorption rate is different, which causes color unevenness. In addition, if the base material used for undercoating is a material that absorbs a lot of water, finishing work is difficult, so a base material using a resin with low water absorption is often used. There are problems such as leaving traces of dirt due to resin.
これらの課題に対処するため、下地処理用シートに金属酸化物を蒸着したフィルムで形成された防湿層を採用した技術(特許文献1)、塩化ビニールやナイロンなどの樹脂シートからなる防水シートを採用した技術(特許文献2)などが提案されている。 In order to address these issues, a technology that employs a moisture-proof layer formed of a metal oxide-deposited film on the base treatment sheet (Patent Document 1) and a waterproof sheet made of a resin sheet such as vinyl chloride or nylon are employed. The technique (patent document 2) etc. which were made are proposed.
特開2008−156882号公報(特許文献1)には、仕上げ塗り塗工までの施工時間の短縮と省力化とを可能とする壁面下地処理用シート及びこれを用いた塗り壁材の施工方法を提供することを目的とし、壁面に貼り合わされた後、表面から仕上げ塗り材が塗工される壁面下地処理用シートであって、壁側繊維質層と、該壁側繊維質層に積層された防湿層と、該防湿層に積層された表側繊維質層とを備え、防湿層は金属酸化物を蒸着したフィルムで形成され、表側繊維質層および壁側繊維質層がそれぞれ紙からなることを特徴とする壁面下地処理用シートを壁面に貼り合わせ、その表面から仕上げ塗り材を塗工することを特徴とする「壁面下地処理用シート及び塗り壁材の施工方法」が提案されている。 JP 2008-156882 A (Patent Document 1) discloses a wall surface base sheet that can shorten the construction time until finishing coating and save labor, and a method for constructing a coated wall material using the same. It is a sheet for wall surface base treatment, which is applied to a wall surface and then finished with a finish coating material, and is laminated to the wall side fibrous layer and the wall side fibrous layer. A moisture-proof layer and a front-side fibrous layer laminated on the moisture-proof layer, wherein the moisture-proof layer is formed of a film on which a metal oxide is deposited, and the front-side fibrous layer and the wall-side fibrous layer are each made of paper. A “wall surface treatment sheet and a method for applying a painted wall material” has been proposed, in which a wall surface ground treatment sheet is bonded to a wall surface and a finish coating material is applied from the surface.
しかし、特許文献1に示す壁面下地処理用シートでは、漆喰などの薄塗り仕上げが不可能であり、さらに色付きの壁仕上げでは、貯水槽とネット状の繊維に段差があるため色ムラ発生の原因となる。また、防湿層を形成している繊維質層と貯水層とに別れており繊維で筋状に囲むようにして、その間に貯水させる方法を取り防湿層を形成する場合、薄塗り仕上げ材の塗り壁では、網目模様の形跡が写る恐れや、筋目状に沿うような形で段差的な不陸が生じる恐れがある。更に防湿層のフィルムに塗り壁を装着させるため、繊維を用いて網目模様のネットを貼り付けて構成させたシートであるので、繊維の空間に空気層があり漆喰などきめ細かく粘りのある材料の場合、塗り壁表面に気泡が出来るなどの問題がある。しかも、ネット状の繊維を貼り付けた防湿層に網目状の段差があり、薄塗りの施工が不可能であり、一定の厚みが必要なため塗り壁による重量がシートに掛かり、経年劣化による糊の接着強度低下が進めば剥離、剥落のおそれがある。 However, the wall surface treatment sheet shown in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied with a thin coating such as plaster, and in colored wall finishing, there is a difference in level between the water tank and the net-like fibers, which causes color unevenness. It becomes. In addition, when the moisture barrier layer is formed by separating the fiber layer and the water reservoir layer forming the moisture barrier layer and forming a moisture barrier layer by surrounding the fiber with a streak and storing water between them, There is a risk that traces of a mesh pattern may be captured, or a stepped unevenness may occur in a shape that follows a streak shape. In addition, since the sheet is constructed by attaching a net with a mesh pattern using fibers in order to attach a coating wall to the film of the moisture-proof layer, in the case of a fine and sticky material such as plaster with an air layer in the fiber space There are problems such as the formation of bubbles on the painted wall surface. In addition, the moisture-proof layer with net-like fibers attached has a mesh-like step, making it impossible to apply a thin coating, and a certain thickness is required. If the adhesive strength decreases, there is a risk of peeling or peeling.
実用新案登録第3152470号公報(特許文献2)には、躯体の下地素材や乾燥度などの条件の違いで仕上げが左右されることなく、施工価格の低減と工期短縮を図ることが可能な湿式工法の塗り壁構造を提供することを目的とし、躯体下地との接着層と吸水性を持たず水分を遮断する防水性を有する防水層から成る防水シートと、該防水シートへの接着性と空気中の水分の吸放出性を有する湿式塗り壁によって構成され、躯体下地、防水シート、湿式塗り壁の順で施工したことを特徴とする「壁構造」が提案されている。 Utility Model Registration No. 3152470 (Patent Document 2) describes a wet method capable of reducing the construction cost and shortening the construction period without affecting the finish depending on the conditions such as the base material of the casing and the dryness. An object of the present invention is to provide a painted wall structure for a construction method, and a waterproof sheet comprising an adhesive layer with a casing base and a waterproof layer having a waterproof property that does not absorb water and blocks moisture, and adhesion to the waterproof sheet and air There has been proposed a “wall structure” which is composed of a wet painted wall having moisture absorption / release properties, and is constructed in the order of a casing base, a waterproof sheet, and a wet painted wall.
しかし、特許文献2に示す防水シートでは、特許文献1に示すような防湿層や繊維質層を設けず、壁下地の躯体に塩化ビニールを貼り付けることで水分による下地への影響を阻止させ、ひび割れや、色ムラ発生を防ぐとあることから、湿式工法である水捏ねによる塗り壁はビニール系の素地には装着せず、そのために接着可能な樹脂系のバインダーを使った壁材に限定されており漆喰などの仕上げ材は不可である。また、環境問題や健康促進が目的の開発であり、ビニールやフィルムなどの使用によって解体処理時に環境悪化の恐れがある。 However, in the waterproof sheet shown in Patent Document 2, the moisture-proof layer and the fiber layer as shown in Patent Document 1 are not provided, and the influence of moisture on the base is prevented by attaching vinyl chloride to the wall base casing. Because it prevents cracking and color unevenness, the painted wall made of water splashing, which is a wet method, is not attached to a vinyl base, so it is limited to wall materials that use an adhesive resin binder. Finishing materials such as plaster are not possible. In addition, the development is aimed at promoting environmental problems and health, and the use of vinyl or film may cause environmental degradation during the dismantling process.
また、上記以外にも塗り壁の施工方法に関して、以下に示すようなケナフ繊維ボード(透湿度1000g/m2・24h以上)を採用した技術(特許文献3)、糊層を有する下張りシートを採用した技術(特許文献4)などが提案されている。 In addition to the above, regarding the method for constructing the painted wall, a technique (Patent Document 3) employing a kenaf fiber board (moisture permeability of 1000 g / m 2 · 24 h or more) as shown below, and an underlay sheet having an adhesive layer are employed. The technique (patent document 4) etc. which were made are proposed.
特開2004−197327号公報(特許文献3)には、下地材の不陸や隙間を原因とする塗り壁構造の品質性能の低下を防止し、しかも、塗り壁の施工を容易に行えるようにすることを目的とし、壁体の表面に塗り壁材を塗工する塗り壁構造であって、壁体の表面側に配置される下地材と、下地材の表面に隙間なく貼り付けられるケナフ繊維ボード(透湿度1000g/m2・24h以上)と、ケナフ繊維ボードの表面に前記塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層とを備える「塗り壁構造および塗り壁の施工方法」が提案されている。 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-197327 (Patent Document 3) prevents deterioration of the quality performance of the painted wall structure caused by unevenness or gaps in the base material, and facilitates the construction of the painted wall. A coated wall structure in which a coated wall material is applied to the surface of a wall body, and a base material disposed on the surface side of the wall body and a kenaf fiber that is attached to the surface of the base material without a gap A “painted wall structure and method for applying painted wall” is proposed, which includes a board (moisture permeability of 1000 g / m 2 · 24 h or more) and a painted wall layer in which the painted wall material is coated on the surface of a kenaf fiber board. Yes.
特開2007−39971号公報(特許文献4)には、塗り壁材の乾燥後における色むらの発生、アクやシミの発生を防止できると共に、施工期間を短縮化でき、またバインダーの材料、使用量の問題も極力解消できるようにすることを目的とし、下地材上に塗り壁材を塗工し乾燥硬化させる塗り壁の施工方法において、下地材の表面に裏面側に貼着用の糊層を有する下張りシートを貼着し、少なくとも表面側に吸水することにより接着力が生じる再湿型又は再乳化型の糊層を有する前記下張りシートを使用し、該下張りシート上に塗り壁材を塗工することを特徴とする「塗り壁の施工方法」が提案されている。 In JP 2007-39971 A (Patent Document 4), it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uneven color, the occurrence of spots and stains after drying of the coating wall material, the construction period can be shortened, and the material and use of the binder In order to eliminate the problem of the amount as much as possible, in the construction method of the painted wall where the painted wall material is applied on the base material and dried and cured, a paste layer to be attached to the back side of the surface of the base material Use the above-mentioned underlay sheet having a rewet type or re-emulsification type adhesive layer that produces an adhesive force by absorbing water at least on the surface side, and apply a coating wall material on the undercoat sheet A "painting wall construction method" that is characterized by the above has been proposed.
しかし、従来の紙シートを塗り壁下地処理に用いた塗り壁の施工方法では、上述したような湿式工法である塗り壁の課題や問題点を解決するには十分ではなかった。
そこで、本発明は、塗り壁下地処理シートに適した吸水性を低く押さえた紙シートを独自に開発し、この低吸水性紙シートを用いた塗り壁の施工方法及び塗り壁構造を提供することを目的とする。
However, the conventional method for constructing a painted wall using a paper sheet for the painted wall base treatment is not sufficient for solving the problems and problems of the painted wall, which is a wet method as described above.
Accordingly, the present invention uniquely develops a paper sheet with low water absorption suitable for a painted wall base treatment sheet, and provides a painted wall construction method and a painted wall structure using the low water absorbent paper sheet. With the goal.
上記の課題を解決するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、壁体の表面に塗り壁材を塗工する塗り壁の施工方法において、躯体となる石膏ボード等の継ぎ目を平滑にする工程と、前記躯体下地の表面に艶面を有する短網層とザラ面を有する円網層を2層に重ね合わせて2層構造からなる低吸水性紙シートの円網層側のザラ面を糊で貼り付ける工程と、前記低吸水性紙シートの短網層側の艶面に湿式工法で塗り壁材を塗工する工程とを含むことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a process for smoothing a joint of a plasterboard or the like that becomes a casing in a method for constructing a painted wall in which a painted wall material is applied to the surface of a wall. And the rough surface on the circular mesh layer side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet having a two-layer structure by laminating a short mesh layer having a glossy surface and a circular mesh layer having a rough surface on the surface of the casing base. And a step of applying a coating wall material to the glossy surface on the short mesh layer side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet by a wet method.
また、請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の前記低吸水性紙シートの前記短網層と前記円網層の重量比率が(短網層):(円網層)=(8〜6):(2〜4)の割合で構成されていることを特徴とする。 In the invention according to claim 2, the weight ratio of the short net layer to the circular net layer of the low water-absorbent paper sheet according to claim 1 is (short net layer) :( circular net layer) = ( 8-6): It is comprised by the ratio of (2-4), It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
また、請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の前記低吸水性紙シートの成分は、木材パルプ、竹粉末、ポリエステル繊維、ポリエステルバインダー、ビニロンバインダーで形成されていることを特徴とする。 Further, in the invention described in claim 3, the components of the low water-absorbent paper sheet described in claim 1 or 2 are formed of wood pulp, bamboo powder, polyester fiber, polyester binder, and vinylon binder. It is characterized by that.
また、請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1乃至請求項3に記載の前記低吸水性紙シートのコップ吸水度が7〜13g/m2に設定され、前記糊及び前記塗り壁材による水分の吸収を抑えて膨張や乾燥時の縮みを少なくしたことを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the water absorption of the low water-absorbent paper sheet according to the first to third aspects is set to 7 to 13 g / m 2 , depending on the paste and the coated wall material. It is characterized by suppressing moisture absorption and reducing shrinkage during expansion and drying.
また、請求項5に記載の発明は、壁体の表面に塗り壁材を塗工する塗り壁構造において、躯体下地の表面に糊で貼り付けられた低吸水性紙シートと、前記低吸水性紙シートの表面に塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層とを備え、前記低吸水性紙シートは艶面を有する短網層とザラ面を有する円網層を2層に重ね合わせて2層構造からなり、前記低吸水性紙シートの円網層側のザラ面を糊で貼り付ける工程と、前記低吸水性紙シートの短網層側の艶面に湿式工法で前記塗り壁材を塗工し、前記短網層と前記円網層の重量比率が(短網層):(円網層)=(8〜6):(2〜4)の割合で構成されており、前記低吸水性紙シートの成分は、木材パルプ、竹粉末、ポリエステル繊維、ポリエステルバインダー、ビニロンバインダーで形成されていることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 5 is a coated wall structure in which a coated wall material is coated on the surface of a wall, and a low water absorbent paper sheet pasted on the surface of a casing base with glue, and the low water absorbent A coated wall layer coated with a coated wall material on the surface of the paper sheet, wherein the low water-absorbent paper sheet is formed by superimposing a short mesh layer having a glossy surface and a circular mesh layer having a rough surface in two layers. The layered structure, the step of pasting the rough surface of the low-water-absorbent paper sheet on the side of the circular mesh layer with glue, and the glossy surface of the low-water-absorbent paper sheet on the short net layer side by the wet method The weight ratio between the short mesh layer and the circular mesh layer is set to a ratio of (short mesh layer) :( circular mesh layer) = (8-6) :( 2-4), and the low The water-absorbent paper sheet is composed of wood pulp, bamboo powder, polyester fiber, polyester binder, vinylon binder And features.
また、請求項6に記載の発明は、請求項5に記載の前記低吸水性紙シートのコップ吸水度が7〜13g/m2に設定され、前記糊及び前記塗り壁材による水分の吸収を抑えて膨張や乾燥時の縮みを少なくしたことを特徴とする。 In the invention described in claim 6, the water absorption of the low water-absorbent paper sheet described in claim 5 is set to 7 to 13 g / m 2 , and moisture absorption by the glue and the coating wall material is performed. It is characterized by suppressing swelling and shrinkage during drying.
以上のように、本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法及び塗り壁構造によれば、塗り壁下地処理シートとして独自に開発した低吸水性紙シートを用いることにより、糊及び塗り壁材による水分の吸収を抑えて膨張や乾燥時の縮みを少なくすることができ、塗り壁に必要な適度の吸水性を有し、且つ塗り壁の水分が石膏ボードなどの下地に影響を及ぼす水量を浸透させず、下地素材の違いによる色ムラなどの課題を解消することができる共に、下地全面に低吸水性紙シートを貼り付けることで、石膏ボードなどの躯体下地を拘束し、動けない状態になりひび割れ防止にも効果がある。 As described above, according to the painted wall construction method and painted wall structure according to the present invention, by using the low water-absorbent paper sheet originally developed as a painted wall base treatment sheet, Suppresses absorption and reduces shrinkage during expansion and drying, has the appropriate water absorption required for the painted wall, and does not allow the moisture of the painted wall to permeate the amount of water that affects the base such as gypsum board In addition to solving problems such as color unevenness due to the difference in the base material, by sticking a low water-absorbent paper sheet to the entire base surface, the base of the gypsum board and other cabinets are restrained, making it impossible to move and preventing cracking Is also effective.
また、下地素材の違いや左官塗り時の塗り厚の違いによって、部分的に吸水率が異なり塗り壁色素の吸い込みが一定せず、色ムラ発生の要因となっている。そこで、下地全体を低吸水性紙シートで覆う塗り壁の施工方法を用いることにより、下地条件を一定にさせることができるので、下地素材の違いや、左官下塗りの厚みの違いなども無関係になり、色ムラやひび割れも発生させない。 Further, the water absorption rate is partially different due to the difference in the base material and the difference in the coating thickness at the time of plastering, and the suction of the coating wall pigment is not constant, which causes color unevenness. Therefore, by using a method of constructing a painted wall that covers the entire substrate with a low water-absorbent paper sheet, the substrate conditions can be made constant, so differences in the substrate material and differences in the thickness of the plastering primer are irrelevant. Does not cause color unevenness or cracks.
また、壁の広さや形状によっては、低吸水性紙シートを複数枚つなぎ合わせて貼り付け下地を構成させるが、その吸水率は和紙より低く、糊付け水分によってよれよれ状態にならず、低吸水性紙シートの端はしっかりしており取っ付け貼りが可能となり、端を重ねて切る従来の貼り付け工法の様に下地の石膏ボードにキズ付ける欠点も解消される。 Also, depending on the width and shape of the wall, a plurality of low water-absorbing paper sheets can be joined together to form a pasting base, but its water absorption is lower than that of Japanese paper, and it does not get swayed by glued water. The edge of the sheet is firmly attached and can be attached and pasted, and the disadvantage of scratching the underlying gypsum board as in the conventional pasting method in which the edges are cut and stacked is eliminated.
本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法及び塗り壁構造に用いられる低吸水性紙シートについて、図1を参照して説明する。
低吸水性紙シート20は、コンビネーション式ヤンキー抄紙機を使って、同じ原料で形成した短網層21と円網層23を2層に重ね合わせた2層構造からなり、短網層21と円網層23の重量比率が(短網層):(円網層)=(8〜6):(2〜4)の割合で構成されている。また、コンビネーション式ヤンキー抄紙機を使って抄造することにより、この機械の特性上、ドライヤー側が短網層21の艶面22と、裏側が円網層23のザラ面24となっている。
The construction method of the painted wall concerning this invention and the low water-absorbing paper sheet used for the painted wall structure are demonstrated with reference to FIG.
The low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 has a two-layer structure in which a short net layer 21 and a circular net layer 23 formed of the same raw material are overlapped using a combination type Yankee paper machine. The weight ratio of the network layer 23 is configured as (short network layer) :( circular network layer) = (8-6) :( 2-4). Further, by making paper using a combination type Yankee paper machine, the dryer side has a glossy surface 22 of the short mesh layer 21 and a back side of the circular mesh layer 23 on the back side due to the characteristics of this machine.
ここで、低吸水性紙シート20の開発目的は、左官塗り壁による水分が下地材の石膏ボードや合板ベニヤなどに浸透し、塗り壁の色ムラや下地である躯体の動きから発生するひび割れや漆喰などの強アルカリ製品から染みでる水酸化カルシウムが下地材の石膏ボードに及ぼす悪影響の解消と、解体時に建材から発する環境汚染の防止であり、塗り壁下地に必要な適度の吸水性を持たせた下地であり、フィルム層や塩化ビニールなどを一切用いず吸水性の低い紙シートによって解決させることである。 Here, the development purpose of the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 is that moisture from the plastering wall penetrates into the gypsum board or plywood veneer as the base material, and the cracks generated from the uneven color of the coating wall and the movement of the casing as the base It eliminates the negative effects of calcium hydroxide soaking from strong alkaline products such as plaster on the gypsum board of the base material and prevents environmental pollution from the building material during dismantling, and provides the appropriate water absorption necessary for the base of the painted wall. The solution is to use a paper sheet with low water absorption without using any film layer or vinyl chloride.
低吸水性紙シート20は、ポリエステルとパルプの混合紙を用いることで吸水性の低い紙シートが形成され、コップ吸水度は15g/m2以下に設定することが望ましく、試行錯誤の結果、施工条件によって適度の吸水性を考慮すると7〜13g/m2に設定するのが好ましい。このため、塗り壁の水分が下地素材に悪影響を与える水量の到達を防ぎ、下地素材の膨張収縮の発生もなくひび割れ防止に有力であり、少量の吸水性や通気性も有しており、塗り壁に適合した紙シートである。また、ポリエステルにパルプ繊維を多く配合させることにより、引っ張り強度を高くし、更に竹の繊維を配合させることにより、抗菌性、脱臭性を有することを特徴とする。 The low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 is a paper sheet with low water absorbency formed by using a mixed paper of polyester and pulp, and it is desirable that the water absorption of the cup is set to 15 g / m 2 or less. Considering moderate water absorption depending on the conditions, it is preferably set to 7 to 13 g / m 2 . For this reason, the moisture on the coating wall prevents the amount of water from adversely affecting the base material, prevents the base material from expanding and shrinking, is effective in preventing cracking, and has a small amount of water absorption and breathability. A paper sheet that fits the wall. Moreover, it is characterized by having antibacterial property and deodorizing property by increasing the tensile strength by adding a large amount of pulp fiber to polyester and further adding bamboo fiber.
上述した低吸水性紙シート20を塗り壁下地処理シートに用いることで、平滑で一定した条件の下地となり、色ムラやひび割れ、下地ボード継ぎ目の不陸など、湿式工法である塗り壁の課題や問題点を解決させる塗り壁の施工方法を提供することができる。 By using the above-mentioned low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 for the painted wall base treatment sheet, it becomes a ground under a smooth and constant condition, and there are problems with the painted wall that is a wet method such as uneven color, cracks, unevenness of the baseboard seam, etc. It is possible to provide a method for constructing a painted wall that solves the problem.
本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法について、図1及び図2を参照して説明する。本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法は、躯体1となる石膏ボード等の継ぎ目2を平滑にする工程(以下、「A工程」という。)と、躯体1下地の表面に低吸水性紙シート20の円網層23側のザラ面24を糊10で貼り付ける工程(以下、「B工程」という。)と、低吸水性紙シート20の短網層21側の艶面22に湿式工法で塗り壁材30を塗工する工程(以下、「C工程」という。)とを含むことを特徴とする。 The construction method of the coating wall concerning this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2. The method for constructing a painted wall according to the present invention includes a step of smoothing a joint 2 such as a gypsum board that becomes the casing 1 (hereinafter referred to as “A step”), and a low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 on the surface of the casing 1 base. And applying a wet method to the glossy surface 22 on the short mesh layer 21 side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 and a step of attaching the rough surface 24 on the circular mesh layer 23 side with the glue 10 (hereinafter referred to as “B step”). And a step of coating the wall material 30 (hereinafter referred to as “C step”).
(A工程について)
従来工法であれば、パテと寒冷紗により石膏ボードの継ぎ目を平滑にしていたが、それだけでは実際に塗材を塗るとひび割れ・クラックが生じたり、石膏ボード・パテ・寒冷紗と異なる下地により、塗材の水分の引き込みの違いが生じ、色ムラが発生するという問題が生じていた。本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法の工程では、躯体1となる石膏ボード等の継ぎ目2(V字型)を平滑にするのにパテを施すだけでよく、その上に低吸水性紙シート20を糊10で貼るため、従来工法に比べて作業時間が短縮できる。
(About step A)
In the conventional construction method, the joint of the gypsum board was smoothed with putty and cold chill, but with that alone, cracking and cracking would occur when actually applying the coating material, or the coating material with a different ground from gypsum board, putty, and cold chill There was a problem that color difference was caused due to a difference in water pull-in. In the process of the method for constructing a painted wall according to the present invention, it is only necessary to put a putty to smooth the joint 2 (V-shaped) such as a gypsum board which becomes the casing 1, and the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 is provided thereon. Is pasted with glue 10, so that the working time can be shortened compared to the conventional method.
(B工程について)
石膏ボードの他、ベニヤ、モルタルなど、材質の異なる壁面に対して、低吸水性紙シート20を貼ることにより、下地の均一化が図られる。この工程は、従来工法にはない工程であり、従来工法では、低吸水性紙シート20を糊10で貼りつける代わりに、下塗り工程を行っていた。したがって、本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法では、従来工法に比べてコスト低減を図ることができる。
また、貼り付け施工に用いる接着剤には、室内環境を汚染する有機溶剤を含まないデンプン系の糊10を用いることが好ましく、万遍なく均一に付着させることが出来る自動糊付け機を用いる。貼り付けはクロス貼りと同じ要領で行うが、躯体とシートの間に空気の層や、しわなどを作らず完全密着させる。
さらに、本発明にかかるシート貼り工法の場合、貼り付け糊10の経年劣化による接着力低下と、塗り壁材30の重量とが起因して発生すると考えられる塗り壁剥落の防止として、石膏ボードなどを取り付けている柱や桟木の部位などにステンレス製のタッカー針を用いてシート貼りの上からタッカー針留め3を行うことが有効である(図2参照)。
(About B process)
By applying the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 to wall surfaces of different materials such as veneer and mortar in addition to the gypsum board, the base can be made uniform. This process is a process that is not in the conventional construction method, and in the conventional construction method, instead of pasting the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 with the glue 10, an undercoating process is performed. Therefore, in the construction method of the painted wall according to the present invention, the cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional construction method.
Moreover, it is preferable to use the starch-type glue 10 which does not contain the organic solvent which pollutes an indoor environment for the adhesive agent used for affixing construction, and uses the automatic gluing machine which can be made to adhere uniformly. Affixing is done in the same way as cloth affixing, but it adheres completely without creating an air layer or wrinkles between the housing and the sheet.
Furthermore, in the case of the sheet pasting method according to the present invention, gypsum board or the like is used to prevent the coating wall from peeling off, which is considered to be caused by a decrease in the adhesive strength due to the deterioration of the pasting paste 10 and the weight of the coating wall material 30. It is effective to perform the tacker needle clamp 3 from above the sheet by using a stainless steel tacker needle on a pillar or pier part to which the frame is attached (see FIG. 2).
(C工程について)
上記のA工程及びB工程により出来上がった下地は、均一且つ平滑となり、吸水が一定になるという特徴を有する。この下地に塗り壁材30を塗るという工程の作業自体は従来工法と同じであるが、品質面に関して大きく異なる。即ち、上記下地に塗り壁材30を塗ることにより、従来工法で生じていたひび割れ・クラックの発生を防ぎ、色ムラも解消できる。また、低吸水性紙シート20は、適度な吸水性があり、特に内装消石灰・ドロマイトプラスター系薄付け仕上塗材(漆喰など)の場合に問題となる水たれも生じない。
(About Process C)
The groundwork completed by the A process and the B process is characterized by being uniform and smooth and having a constant water absorption. The process itself of applying the coating wall material 30 to the base is the same as that of the conventional method, but is greatly different in terms of quality. That is, by applying the coating wall material 30 to the base, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks and cracks that have occurred in the conventional method, and to eliminate color unevenness. Further, the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 has an appropriate water absorption, and does not cause dripping, which is a problem particularly in the case of interior slaked lime / dolomite plaster thin finish coating materials (such as plaster).
以上のように、本発明にかかる低吸水性紙シート20を用いた塗り壁の施工方法では、湿式工法である塗り壁水分が、下地に影響を与え、色ムラ、変色、ひび割れなどこれまで塗り壁の弱点とされた課題を左官下塗り工法から、シート貼り工法に変えることで解決することができる。更に低吸水性紙シート20に竹の粉末を配合させ抗菌性と防臭性の機能を持たせることにより、調湿、脱臭、化学物質除去機能を有した塗り壁施工により室内環境をさらに高めることができる。また、塗り壁処理としてシート貼り工法で行う場合、壁としての強度や適度な厚みを考慮した場合、軽量で薄塗り工法がより好ましい。したがって、低吸水性紙シート20は平滑でシンプルな素材で構成することが要求されるが、それによって調湿効果などに影響することはなく、限られた素材の材料に限定されることもなく全ての塗り壁施工が可能であり安定した仕上がりを与えられる。 As described above, in the coating wall construction method using the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 according to the present invention, the moisture of the coating wall, which is a wet method, affects the groundwork and has been applied to the past such as color unevenness, discoloration, and cracks. It can be solved by changing the problem that has been considered a weak point of the wall from the plastering primer method to the sheet sticking method. Furthermore, by adding bamboo powder to the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 and having antibacterial and deodorizing functions, the indoor environment can be further enhanced by the application of coated walls with humidity control, deodorization, and chemical substance removal functions. it can. Moreover, when performing by a sheet sticking method as a coating wall process, when considering the intensity | strength as a wall and moderate thickness, a lightweight and thin coating method is more preferable. Therefore, the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 is required to be composed of a smooth and simple material, but it does not affect the humidity control effect and the like, and is not limited to a limited material. All painted wall construction is possible and gives a stable finish.
図3は低吸水性紙シートを用いた塗装壁構造の一例を示す断面図である。低吸水性紙シート20は、上述した塗り壁材(コテ仕上げ)だけでなく塗料(ローラー/吹付け仕上げ)にも用いることができる。塗料壁の施工方法は、上述した塗り壁の施工方法と基本的に同じである。図3は、低吸水性紙シート20のザラ面24側を表面として塗料40をローラー/吹付け仕上げで塗装した例を示しているが、図1に示すように低吸水性紙シート20の艶面22側を表面として施工してもよい。即ち、ローラー/吹付け仕上げの場合は、艶面22又はザラ面24のどちらが表(仕上げ面)になっても構わず、リバーシブル施工が可能である。なお、仕上がり感としては、艶面22はプレーンな仕上がり、ザラ面24は和紙風の仕上がりとなる。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a painted wall structure using a low water absorbent paper sheet. The low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 can be used not only for the above-described coated wall material (iron finish) but also for a paint (roller / spray finish). The paint wall construction method is basically the same as the above-described paint wall construction method. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the paint 40 is applied by roller / spray finishing with the surface 24 of the low water absorbent paper sheet 20 as the surface, but the gloss of the low water absorbent paper sheet 20 is shown in FIG. The surface 22 side may be used as the surface. That is, in the case of roller / spray finishing, either the glossy surface 22 or the rough surface 24 may be the front surface (finished surface), and reversible construction is possible. As for the finished feeling, the glossy surface 22 has a plain finish, and the rough surface 24 has a Japanese paper finish.
以下、本発明にかかる実施例について説明する。
本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法及び塗り壁構造に用いられる低吸水性紙シート20は、コンビネーション式ヤンキー抄紙機を使って、同じ原料(木材パルプ、竹粉末、ポリエステル繊維、ポリエステルバインダー、ビニロンバインダー)で形成した短網層と円網層を2層に重ね合わせた2層構造となっており、その紙厚は約0.3mm、短網層と円網層の重量比率は約7:3である。また、上記原料の配合によりコップ吸水度は約10g/m2に設定されている。
Examples according to the present invention will be described below.
The low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 used in the painted wall construction method and painted wall structure according to the present invention is obtained using the same raw material (wood pulp, bamboo powder, polyester fiber, polyester binder, vinylon binder) using a combination Yankee paper machine. ) Formed into a two-layer structure in which the short mesh layer and the circular mesh layer are superposed on each other, the paper thickness is about 0.3 mm, and the weight ratio of the short net layer to the circular mesh layer is about 7: 3. It is. Further, the water absorption of the cup is set to about 10 g / m 2 by blending the above raw materials.
下地材(躯体1)としてプラスターボード(吉野石膏社製:「タイガーボード」、壁用厚み12.5mm)の継ぎ目2を平滑にするのにパテを施した後、下地材(躯体1)の表面に低吸水性紙シート20の円網層23側のザラ面24を接着剤(糊10)としてデンプン系糊(ヤヨイ化学工業社製:「ルーアマイルド」)で貼り付け(塗布厚約0.5mm)、次いで低吸水性紙シート20の短網層21側の艶面22に湿式工法で表面塗工材(塗り壁材30)として漆喰、珪藻土などをコテ塗りで塗工する(厚み1〜2mm)。 After applying putty to smooth the joint 2 of the plaster board (Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd .: “Tiger board”, wall thickness 12.5 mm) as the base material (housing 1), the surface of the base material (housing 1) A rough surface 24 on the side of the circular mesh layer 23 of the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 is pasted with an adhesive (glue 10) with starch-based glue (Yaoi Chemical Co., Ltd .: “Lure Mild”) (applied thickness: about 0.5 mm) Next, plaster, diatomaceous earth, etc. are applied to the glossy surface 22 on the short mesh layer 21 side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20 as a surface coating material (coating wall material 30) with a trowel coating (thickness of 1-2 mm). .
本発明にかかる塗り壁の施工方法は、従来工法に比べて作業時間が短縮できると共にてコスト低減を図ることができる。また、低吸水性紙シート20を用いることにより下地条件及び吸水を一定にさせることができるので、左官下塗りの厚みの違いなども無関係になり、従来工法で生じていたひび割れ・クラックの発生を防ぎ、色ムラも解消できる。 The method for constructing a painted wall according to the present invention can reduce the work time and cost as compared with the conventional method. In addition, since the base condition and water absorption can be made constant by using the low water-absorbent paper sheet 20, the difference in the thickness of the plastering primer is irrelevant, preventing the occurrence of cracks and cracks that have occurred in the conventional construction method. Color unevenness can also be eliminated.
1 躯体
2 継ぎ目
3 タッカー針留め
10 糊
20 低吸水性紙シート
21 短網層
22 艶面
23 円網層
24 ザラ面
30 塗り壁材
40 塗料
1 Frame 2 Seam 3 Tucker Needle Fastener 10 Paste 20 Low Water Absorbent Paper Sheet 21 Short Mesh Layer 22 Glossy Surface 23 Circular Mesh Layer 24 Zara Surface 30 Painted Wall Material 40 Paint
Claims (6)
躯体となる石膏ボード等の継ぎ目を平滑にする工程と、前記躯体下地の表面に艶面を有する短網層とザラ面を有する円網層を2層に重ね合わせて2層構造からなる低吸水性紙シートの円網層側のザラ面を糊で貼り付ける工程と、前記低吸水性紙シートの短網層側の艶面に湿式工法で塗り壁材を塗工する工程とを含む塗り壁の施工方法。 In the construction method of the painted wall where the painted wall material is applied to the surface of the wall body,
Low water absorption consisting of a two-layer structure in which a seam such as a gypsum board as a casing is smoothed, and a short mesh layer having a glossy surface and a circular mesh layer having a rough surface are overlapped in two layers. A coated wall comprising a step of pasting the rough surface of the sheet-like paper layer on the circular mesh layer side with glue, and a step of applying a painted wall material to the glossy surface on the short mesh layer side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet by a wet method Construction method.
躯体下地の表面に糊で貼り付けられた低吸水性紙シートと、前記低吸水性紙シートの表面に塗り壁材が塗工された塗り壁層とを備え、前記低吸水性紙シートは艶面を有する短網層とザラ面を有する円網層を2層に重ね合わせて2層構造からなり、前記低吸水性紙シートの円網層側のザラ面を糊で貼り付けると共に、前記低吸水性紙シートの短網層側の艶面に湿式工法で前記塗り壁材を塗工し、
前記短網層と前記円網層の重量比率が(短網層):(円網層)=(8〜6):(2〜4)の割合で構成されており、前記低吸水性紙シートの成分は、木材パルプ、竹粉末、ポリエステル繊維、ポリエステルバインダー、ビニロンバインダーで形成されていることを特徴とする塗り壁構造。 In the painted wall structure where the painted wall material is applied to the surface of the wall,
A low water-absorbing paper sheet pasted on the surface of the casing base with glue, and a coated wall layer in which a coating wall material is coated on the surface of the low water-absorbing paper sheet. The short mesh layer having a surface and the circular mesh layer having a rough surface are superposed on each other to form a two-layer structure, and the rough surface on the circular mesh layer side of the low water-absorbent paper sheet is pasted with glue, Apply the coating wall material to the glossy surface on the short mesh layer side of the water-absorbent paper sheet by a wet method,
The weight ratio of the short net layer and the circular net layer is configured by the ratio of (short net layer) :( circular net layer) = (8-6) :( 2-4), and the low water-absorbent paper sheet The coated wall structure is characterized in that the component is formed of wood pulp, bamboo powder, polyester fiber, polyester binder, vinylon binder.
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CN106760286A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中建四局第五建筑工程有限公司 | Plaster structure and its construction technology are exempted from a kind of Novel interior wall gypsum bottoming |
CN112267628A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of plastering-free system for interior wall decoration of constructional engineering |
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JP2003013397A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-15 | Lintec Corp | Body paper for wallpaper |
JP2008156882A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-10 | Toppan Cosmo Inc | Construction method for wall surface backing treatment sheet and plastered wall material |
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JP2003013397A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-15 | Lintec Corp | Body paper for wallpaper |
JP2008156882A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-10 | Toppan Cosmo Inc | Construction method for wall surface backing treatment sheet and plastered wall material |
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CN106760286A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中建四局第五建筑工程有限公司 | Plaster structure and its construction technology are exempted from a kind of Novel interior wall gypsum bottoming |
CN112267628A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of plastering-free system for interior wall decoration of constructional engineering |
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