JP2014061702A - Composite film - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite film excellent in terms of flameproof performance and strength and having a certain degree of light permeability.SOLUTION: The provided composite film is manufactured by configuring ETFE films 10 on both surfaces of a substrate thereof and then heating the resulting assembly in a state where a first woven fabric 20 and a second woven fabric 30 are being sandwiched in-between. The first woven fabric 20 is provided by weaving thick first fiber yarns 21 and serves a function of improving the strength, though without hindering light permeability due to the high void ratio thereof. The second woven fabric 30 is provided by densely weaving second fiber yarns 31 and serves a function of improving the flameproof performance, though without hindering light permeability due to the thinness thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite film containing a resin film as its material.

  For example, an ETFE film which is a film made of ETFE (tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer) is known. The ETFE film is usually made only of ETFE. The ETFE film is characterized by its high translucency (for example, about 90%). For example, a film having a thickness of about 250 μm is used for an agricultural greenhouse or the like.

There is also a demand to use an ETFE film as a building material for forming a membrane roof, a membrane ceiling or the like by utilizing the translucency. However, the ETFE film is inferior in flameproofing performance, so it is difficult to use it as a building material, especially in Japan, where the demand for flameproofing performance of building materials is severe.
Moreover, when trying to use an ETFE film made only of ETFE as a building material, there is a dislike that the strength is slightly insufficient.
In consideration of such points, there is also an ETFE composite film in which a glass fiber cloth is sandwiched between two ETFE films (for example, WO2008 / 105298). However, if the flameproof performance of such an ETFE composite film is made sufficiently high and the strength of the final ETFE composite film is made sufficient, the thickness of the glass fiber cloth becomes too thick, which is the largest of the ETFE film. The translucency which is an advantage falls.
On the other hand, a translucent resin film is used instead of ETFE, and a glass fiber cloth is sandwiched between two such films to provide a certain balance of translucency, flameproofing performance, and strength. A composite film similar to the ETFE composite film can be obtained. However, even in such a composite film, the translucency, the flameproof performance, and the strength are in a barter relationship, so that the problem that occurs in the above-mentioned ETFE composite film still occurs.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a composite film composed of a resin having excellent flameproof performance and strength and having a certain degree of translucency, and a glass fiber cloth.

The present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
The present invention is a composite film whose both surfaces are made of a transparent or translucent resin, in which a first fiber yarn, which is a yarn made of noncombustible fiber, and a yarn made of glass fiber. A fabric woven with the second fiber yarn is included. The first fiber yarn in the woven fabric is thick enough to bear the strength of the composite film, and the portion of the woven fabric with the first fiber yarn can have an aperture ratio that can ensure the translucency of the composite film. The second fiber yarn in the woven fabric is thin enough to ensure the translucency of the composite film, and the portion of the woven fabric in the woven fabric is the portion of the composite film It is densely woven to ensure flameproofness.
The composite film of the present application includes a woven fabric inside, but the woven fabric is woven with yarns of two kinds of fibers, a first fiber yarn and a second fiber yarn. By making these two types of yarns play different roles, the composite film of the present application becomes a composite film having excellent flameproof performance and strength, and having a certain degree of translucency.
In addition, the definition of the term of a film in this application shall include not only a thin film but the sheet-like material (film | membrane material) with some thickness.

As described above, the composite film of the present application is made of a transparent or translucent resin on both sides.
As transparent or translucent resin, for example, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), polyethylene resin (PE), polypropylene resin (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA), polyurethane resin (PU), polystyrene resin (PS), Synthetic resins such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS), nylon resin (PA), acrylic resin (PMMA), polycarbonate resin (PC), methylpentene resin (TPX), silicon resin, fluorine resin, and the like. . Moreover, as the transmissivity of only the resin, 40% or more can be used as a transparent or translucent resin.
Examples of the fluororesin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropyrene copolymer (FEP), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether. Examples thereof include a copolymer (PFA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

The role played by the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn will be described.
Here, it is the first fiber yarn that bears the strength of the composite film. The first fiber yarn basically bears the strength of the composite film, but is made of a non-flammable material because the flame resistance of the composite film should be taken into consideration. The first fiber yarn plays a role of improving the strength of the composite film. In order to make this possible, the first fiber yarn in the woven fabric is thick enough to bear the strength of the composite film. In addition, in this application, "it can bear the intensity | strength of a composite film" shall mean that the intensity | strength of a composite film is 50 N / 3cm or more. This is because such a strength is sufficient to use the composite film as a building material. However, when the first fiber yarn having a certain thickness is used, it may reduce the translucency of the composite film. Then, the part by the 1st fiber yarn in the textile fabric of this invention shall be woven so that it may have the aperture ratio of the grade which can ensure the translucency of a composite film. That is, the portion of the woven fabric by the first fiber yarn is designed to suppress the influence on the translucency of the composite film as much as possible by ensuring a sufficient opening ratio.
On the other hand, the second fiber yarn is responsible for the flame resistance of the composite film. The second fiber yarn is made of a non-combustible material, which is also made of glass fiber, in consideration of the flame resistance of the composite film. The reason why the second fiber yarn is glass fiber is as follows. In order to increase the flame resistance of the composite film, the second fiber yarns need to be woven densely enough to ensure the flame resistance of the composite film. It is difficult to ensure the translucency of the composite film by providing an aperture ratio that can ensure translucency, as is the case with some parts. Accordingly, the fibers of the second fiber yarn are non-flammable glass fibers that are themselves highly translucent. In addition, the flameproofness of the composite film secured by the second fiber yarn of the present application is incombustibility conforming to the technical standards stipulated in Article 2-9 of the Building Standards Act and Article 108-2 of the Building Standards Act Enforcement Ordinance Is defined as a material that has Glass fibers that are employed as the fibers of the second fiber yarn and have non-flammability and high translucency per se are also compatible with the above-mentioned materials defined by law. However, even if the second fiber yarn is a glass fiber having high translucency, if it is too thick, the translucency of the composite film may be affected. Then, the 2nd fiber yarn in the textile fabric of this invention shall be thin enough to ensure the translucency as the whole composite film.
In other words, the basic concept of the present invention is that not only the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn have different roles but also the translucency of the composite film is not impaired in different ways. It is said.
The translucency that the composite film of the present invention should have a visible light transmittance of 15% to 85%.

The woven fabric may include a first woven fabric woven with the first fiber yarn and a second woven fabric woven with the second fiber yarn. Alternatively, the woven fabric may be a single piece in which the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn are mixed.
In any case, a composite film having excellent flameproof performance and strength and having a certain degree of translucency can be obtained.

The fiber of the first fiber yarn is not particularly limited as long as the above conditions are satisfied, and may be formed of an opaque material. The first fiber can be any of glass fiber, carbon fiber, stainless steel fiber, basalt fiber, and aramid fiber.
As described above, the first fiber yarn bears the strength of the composite film. Therefore, the first fiber yarn is required to have a certain thickness. However, when the first fiber yarn is too thick, the transparency and toughness of the composite film are affected. From such a viewpoint, the thickness of the first fiber yarn is preferably 0.1 mm to 5 mm.
As described above, the aperture ratio of the portion by the first fiber yarn in the woven fabric is such that the translucency of the entire composite film can be ensured. The opening ratio of the portion by the first fiber yarn in the woven fabric can be, for example, such that the porosity of the mesh by the first fiber yarn is between 15% and 95%. By doing so, it is possible to ensure the translucency of the composite film. Naturally, the higher the translucency of the composite film, the greater the porosity of the mesh by the first fiber yarn.
The first fiber yarn bears the strength of the composite film as described above. If the first fiber yarn is displaced in the woven fabric, the strength of the woven fabric and thus the composite film may be reduced. For this reason, the first fiber yarn is preferably woven in a weaving method that is difficult to shift. Examples thereof include leno weave or imitation weave.

The second fiber yarn may be a glass fiber that satisfies the above-described conditions.
As described above, even if the second fiber yarn responsible for the flameproof property of the composite film is densely woven to such an extent that the composite film can be provided with an appropriate flameproof property, it can affect the translucency of the composite film. To make it as small as possible, it is necessary to make it thin to some extent. For example, the thickness of the second fiber yarn can be 50 dtex to 1500 dtex. By carrying out like this, the translucency as the whole composite film can be ensured.
Moreover, the space | interval of the space | gap of the thread | yarn of the part by the said 2nd fiber yarn in the said textile fabric can be 0.5 mm or less. By making the space | interval of the space | gap of thread | yarns below this, the flameproof property of a composite film will be improved.

The side view for demonstrating the 1st manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention. The side view for demonstrating the 2nd manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention. The side view for demonstrating the 4th manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention. The side view for demonstrating the 5th manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention. The side view for demonstrating the 6th manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention. The side view for demonstrating the 8th manufacturing method of the composite film of this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described.
In the embodiments, common objects are denoted by common reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted depending on circumstances.

<< First Embodiment >>
Hereinafter, the structure of the composite film of 1st Embodiment and its manufacturing method are demonstrated. There are four types of manufacturing methods described in this embodiment.
In any of the manufacturing methods described in this embodiment, two types of fabrics are used: a first fabric woven with first fiber yarns and a second fabric woven with second fiber yarns.

<First manufacturing method>
In the first manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 1, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are sandwiched between two existing ETFE films 10 made of ETFE, and in this state, two sheets of A composite film is manufactured by heating from at least one surface of the ETFE film 10.
The ETFE film has a thickness of 30 μm to 500 μm.
The ETFE constituting the ETFE film is selected as an example of a transparent or translucent resin in the present application. It is possible to produce a composite film as described below even if a film made of the following transparent or translucent resin is used instead of ETFE. This situation is common to all the embodiments of the present application and the manufacturing method.
Examples of the transparent or translucent resin include vinyl chloride resin (PVC), polyethylene resin (PE), polypropylene resin (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA), polyurethane resin (PU), and polystyrene resin (PS). ), Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS), nylon resin (PA), acrylic resin (PMMA), polycarbonate resin (PC), methylpentene resin (TPX), silicone resin, fluorine resin, etc. Can be mentioned. Moreover, as the transmissivity of only the resin, 40% or more can be used as a transparent or translucent resin.
Examples of the fluororesin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropyrene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). ).

The first fabric 20 is woven with first fiber yarns 21. The first fiber yarn 21 increases the strength of the completed composite film.
The fiber of the first fiber yarn 21 is made of any one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, stainless steel fiber, basalt fiber, and aramid fiber. Although not restricted to this, in this embodiment, the 1st fiber yarn 21 is glass fiber.
The first fiber yarn 21 needs to have a certain thickness because it plays a role of increasing the strength of the composite film, but if it is too thick, the toughness of the composite film is impaired, so the thickness is 0.1 mm to 5 mm. Has been. When the first fiber yarn 21 is glass fiber (specific gravity is 2.54 to 2.60), the thickness of the yarn is preferably 150 dtex to 20000 dtex.
As described above, the first fabric 20 is made by weaving the first fiber yarn 21. The first fiber yarns 21 are woven in a weaving manner that makes it difficult to shift in the first fabric 20. Specifically, the first woven fabric 20 is woven by leno weaving or imitation weaving.
Further, since the first woven fabric 20 is woven with the first fiber yarns 21 that are thick to some extent, if the first woven fabric 20 is too dense, the translucency of the finished composite film may be affected. Therefore, the first woven fabric 20 of this embodiment is woven so as to have an aperture ratio that can ensure the translucency of the entire composite film. Specifically, the opening ratio in the first fabric 20 is such that the porosity of the mesh by the first fiber yarns 21 is between 15% and 95%.

The second fabric 30 is woven with second fiber yarns 31. The second fiber yarn 31 increases the flame resistance of the completed composite film.
The fibers of the second fiber yarn 31 are made of glass fibers. This was selected in order to achieve both flameproofing and translucency of the completed composite film.
The second fiber yarns 31 are closely woven in order to play a role of improving the flame resistance of the composite film. More specifically, the gap between the yarns of the second fabric 31 is set to 0.5 mm or less. Although the weaving method of the second fabric 31 is not particularly limited, for example, a plain weave is used.
Since the second fiber yarns 31 are densely woven, if the second fiber yarns 31 are too thick, the translucency of the finished composite film is impaired. Therefore, the thickness of the second fiber yarn 31 is 50 dtex to 1500 dtex.

As described above, in the first manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 1, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are sandwiched between two existing ETFE films 10 made of ETFE. A composite film is manufactured by heating from at least one surface of the two ETFE films 10.
In the first manufacturing method, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 sandwiched between the two ETFE films 10 are bonded in advance with a predetermined adhesive. Since both the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are made of inorganic fibers, they can be bonded normally by using a known adhesive capable of bonding inorganic fibers. In FIG. 1, the layer shown between the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 is an adhesive layer 40 made of an adhesive. The thickness of the adhesive layer 40 is set to 250 μm or less so as not to greatly affect the translucency of the composite film. It should be noted that an adhesive having a strong resistance to ultraviolet rays should be selected so that the adhesive performance is maintained even after the composite film is completed. This is because the composite film has high translucency, so that the influence of ultraviolet rays on the adhesive tends to increase. This point is also applicable to the adhesives that appear below.
The above-mentioned heating when producing the composite film is such that the total temperature of the two ETFE films 10, the first woven fabric 20, the second woven fabric 30 and the adhesive layer 40 exceeds the melting point of ETFE (270 ° C.). Shall. The heating time is 10 seconds.
Then, the inner surface of the upper ETFE film 10 in FIG. 1 is melted, the melted ETFE reaches the adhesive layer 40 through the eyes of the first fabric 20, and the ETFE that melts the ETFE film 10 and the adhesive layer 40 is obtained. It becomes a bridged state. Further, in FIG. 1, the inner surface of the lower ETFE film 10 is melted, the melted ETFE reaches the adhesive layer 40 through the eyes of the second fabric 30, and the ETFE film 10 and the adhesive layer 40 are melted. Is in a bridged state.
Thereafter, when cooling is performed, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 bonded through the adhesive layer 40 and the two ETFE films 10 sandwiching the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are fixed to each other.
Thereby, the composite film by a 1st manufacturing method is completed.

In the first production method of the composite film, as described above, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 that are previously bonded with a predetermined adhesive are sandwiched between the two ETFE films 10 and then heated. However, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 do not necessarily have to be bonded prior to heating.
For example, instead of the adhesive, the adhesive layer 40 in FIG. 1 between the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 may be a thin ETFE film having a thickness of, for example, about 10 μm to 250 μm, or fluorine having a melting point lower than that of ETFE. A fluororesin film made of resin (for example, FEP having a melting point of 260 ° C .: ethylene tetrafluoride / hexafluoropropylene copolymer) is sandwiched, and the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 sandwiching the fluororesin are further divided into two. After being sandwiched between the ETFE films 10 (in this case, the order in which these five layers are stacked is not limited), the same heating as described above may be performed.
In this case, the fluororesin film may be preliminarily bonded to the first woven fabric 20 and the second woven fabric 30 by thermocompression bonding or the like, but is not necessarily bonded. A fluororesin film made of fluororesin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE or ETFE is melted by heating, filling a gap between the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 and the inner surfaces of the two fluororesin films. Bridges with the molten ETFE resulting from the first fabric 20 or the second fabric 30.
When cooling is performed thereafter, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 and the two ETFE films 10 sandwiching the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are fixed to each other.
In addition, as described above, the two ETFE films sandwiching the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 in the first manufacturing method are replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin”. Can do. In this case, the above-mentioned thin ETFE film that can be used in place of the adhesive layer 40 is thinner than a film made of two “transparent or translucent resins” (for example, a thickness of about 10 μm to 250 μm), and 2 It can be replaced with a film made of the same material as the film made of a sheet of “transparent or translucent resin” or a resin having a lower melting point. In short, when the two ETFE films are replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above, the “transparent or translucent film” constituting the two films is replaced. It has a melting below the melting point of the “resin” and can be melted as easily as the film made of two “transparent or translucent resins” to exhibit the same function as the adhesive. A translucent resin may be used as a film material instead of the adhesive.

<Second manufacturing method>
The composite film completed by the second manufacturing method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, in this composite film, two adhesive layers 41, 42 are arranged between two ETFE films 10, and the adhesive layer 40 is interposed between the two adhesive layers 41, 42. The bonded first fabric 20 and second fabric 30 are sandwiched.
In the second manufacturing method, heating is not performed as in the first manufacturing method, and the upper ETFE film 10 and the first fabric 20 in FIG. 2 are formed by the adhesive layer 41, and the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are formed by the adhesive layer 40. And the second woven fabric 30 and the lower ETFE film 10 are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 42 to complete the composite film. The order of bonding at the three locations is not questioned.
The adhesives used for forming the ETFE film 10, the first fabric 20, the second fabric 30, and the adhesive layer 40 in the second manufacturing method are the same as those used in the first manufacturing method, respectively. The adhesive used for forming the adhesive layer 41 and the adhesive layer 42 in the manufacturing method is the same as the adhesive used for forming the adhesive layer 40 in the first manufacturing method.
The bonding method of the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 by the adhesive layer 40 in the second manufacturing method is the same as that in the first manufacturing method.
The adhesion between the upper ETFE film 10 and the first fabric 20 in FIG. 2 by the adhesive layer 41 in the second manufacturing method, and the adhesion between the second fabric 30 and the lower ETFE film 10 by the adhesive layer 42 are also basically. This is the same as the first manufacturing method. However, since the adhesive that forms the adhesive layer 41 or the adhesive layer 42 is usually difficult to adhere to the ETFE film 10 that is a fluororesin, in the second manufacturing method, the ETFE film 10 is bonded to the ETFE film 10 by the adhesive. The surface is preliminarily roughened by, for example, corona treatment so that adhesion by an adhesive is possible.
Note that the two ETFE films in the second production method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. In the case where the replaced film is made of a fluororesin, a step of preliminarily roughening the surface on which the bonding is performed, such as the corona treatment described above, is useful. However, if a resin that is easily bonded with a normal adhesive is selected as a “transparent or translucent resin” that is a material of two films that can be replaced by two ETFE films, The step of preliminarily roughening the surface to be bonded is unnecessary.

<Third production method>
The composite film completed by the third manufacturing method is as shown in FIG. 2 similar to the composite film completed by the second manufacturing method.
The third production method is almost the same as the second production method. In addition, the ETFE film 10, the first fabric 20, the second fabric 30, and the adhesive used to form the adhesive layer 40, the adhesive layer 41, and the adhesive layer 42 in the third manufacturing method were used in the second manufacturing method, respectively. It is the same as that.
The difference between the third production method and the second production method is that the second production method is different from the third production method in that the surface of the ETFE film 10 to be bonded by the adhesive is preliminarily roughened by, for example, corona treatment. The surface of the ETFE film 10 to be bonded with the adhesive is pre-coated with an appropriate primer for enabling the bonding with the adhesive. As this primer, for example, a known primer mainly composed of sodium can be used.
Note that the two ETFE films in the third production method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. In the case where the replaced film is made of a fluororesin, a process for allowing the surface to be bonded to be bonded in advance with an adhesive, such as coating with the above-described primer, is useful. However, if a resin that is easily bonded with a normal adhesive is selected as a “transparent or translucent resin” that is a material of two films that can be replaced by two ETFE films, The step of previously coating the surface to be bonded with a primer is unnecessary.

<Fourth manufacturing method>
The composite film completed by the fourth manufacturing method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, in this composite film, two adhesive layers 43 and 44 are disposed between the two ETFE films 10, and the fluororesin film 51 is interposed between the two adhesive layers 43 and 44. , 52, and the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 adhered by the adhesive layer 40 are sandwiched between the two fluororesin films 51, 52.
Also in the fourth manufacturing method, heating similar to the first manufacturing method is performed.
However, prior to heating, in the fourth manufacturing method, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are bonded by the adhesive layer 40 in the same manner as in the first manufacturing method.
In the fourth manufacturing method, the upper ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 51 in FIG. 3 are adhered by the adhesive layer 43, and the lower ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 52 in FIG. Is performed prior to heating. The fluororesin films 51 and 52 are films made of a fluororesin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE, for example, films made of FEP. The thickness of the fluororesin films 51 and 52 is set to 30 μm to 250 μm so as not to greatly affect the translucency of the completed composite film.
The adhesion of the upper ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 51 in FIG. 3 by the adhesive layer 43 and the adhesion of the lower ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 52 in FIG. Since the surfaces are bonded, the corona treatment described in the second manufacturing method or the primer described in the third manufacturing method is applied in advance to the bonded surfaces as necessary.
And what was arrange | positioned as shown in FIG. 3 is heated so that the whole may become the temperature exceeding melting | fusing point of ETFE similarly to the case of the 1st manufacturing method.
Then, the inner surface of the fluororesin films 51 and 52 made of a fluororesin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE is more easily melted than the inner surface of the ETFE film in the case of the first manufacturing method. Bridging with the adhesive layer 40 between the second fabrics 30.
Thereby, the composite films arranged as shown in FIG. 3 are completed.

Note that, in the fourth production method, as in the first production method, the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 are bonded to each other by the adhesive layer 40 prior to heating. Alternatively, an ETFE film or a thin fluororesin film made of a resin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE may be sandwiched between the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30. In this case, the first woven fabric 20 and the second woven fabric 30 sandwiched with the fluororesin film, and the upper ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 51 in FIG. 3 and the lower ETFE film 10 in FIG. The whole fluororesin film 52 is heated together by the same method as in the first manufacturing method.
Note that the two ETFE films in the fourth production method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. In this case, the selection method for the fluororesin films 51 and 52 may be in accordance with the concept described in the first manufacturing method.

<< Second Embodiment >>
Hereinafter, the structure of the composite film of 2nd Embodiment and its manufacturing method are demonstrated. There are four types of manufacturing methods described in this embodiment. Each manufacturing method in 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated below as a 5th-8th manufacturing method.
In any of the manufacturing methods described in this embodiment, a single woven fabric formed by mixing the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn is used. In short, the fifth to eighth production methods are the first fabric 20 and the second fabric 30 in the first to fourth production methods (and in addition to them, the adhesive layer 40 or the fluororesin film between them). ) Is replaced with a single piece of fabric.

<Fifth manufacturing method>
In the fifth manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 4, a fabric 60 is sandwiched between two existing ETFE films 10 made of ETFE, and at least one surface of the two ETFE films 10 in that state. The composite film is manufactured by heating from the above.

The woven fabric 60 is formed by blending the first fiber yarn 21 and the second fiber yarn 31.
The first fiber yarn 21 increases the strength of the completed composite film as in the case of the first embodiment. Moreover, the 2nd fiber yarn increases the flameproofness of the completed composite film similarly to the case of 1st Embodiment.
The materials and thicknesses of the first fiber yarn 21 and the second fiber yarn 31 in the fifth manufacturing method are the same as those described in the first manufacturing method.

  The portion of the woven fabric 60 woven with the first fiber yarns 21 is woven in a weaving manner that makes it difficult for the fabric 60 to slip. Specifically, the woven fabric 60 is woven with leno weave or imitation weave as in the case of the first manufacturing method. Further, since the first fibers 21 are somewhat thick, if the first fiber yarns 21 in the woven fabric 60 are too dense, the translucency of the finished composite film may be affected. Therefore, the portion woven with the first fiber yarns 21 in the woven fabric 60 in the fifth manufacturing method is woven so as to have an aperture ratio that can ensure the translucency of the composite film. Specifically, the opening ratio in the first fabric 20 is such that the porosity of the mesh by the first fiber yarns 21 is between 15% and 95%. These are also the same as the first manufacturing method.

  The second fibers 31 in the woven fabric 60 are woven densely in order to play a role of improving the flame resistance of the composite film. More specifically, the gap between the yarns in the portion of the fabric 60 woven with the second fibers 31 is set to 0.5 mm or less. Although the weaving method of the second fabric 31 is not particularly limited, for example, it is plain weave.

As described above, in the fifth manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 4, the fabric 60 is sandwiched between two existing ETFE films 10 made of ETFE, and in this state, the two ETFE films 10 are formed. A composite film is manufactured by heating from at least one surface.
The above-mentioned heating when producing the composite film is such that the total temperature of the two ETFE films 10 and the fabric 60 exceeds the melting point (270 ° C.) of ETFE. The heating time is 10 seconds.
Then, the inner surface of the upper ETFE film 10 in FIG. 4 and the inner surface of the lower ETFE film 10 in FIG. 4 are melted, and the molten ETFE bridges through the eyes of the fabric 60.
When cooling is performed thereafter, the fabric 60 and the two ETFE films 10 sandwiching the fabric 60 are fixed to each other.
Thereby, the composite film by the 5th manufacturing method is completed.

<Sixth manufacturing method>
The composite film completed by the sixth production method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, in this composite film, two adhesive layers 41, 42 are arranged between two ETFE films 10, and a fabric 60 is sandwiched between the two adhesive layers 41, 42. It has become.
In the sixth manufacturing method, heating is not performed as in the first manufacturing method, and the upper ETFE film 10 and the fabric 60 in FIG. 5 are bonded by the adhesive layer 41, and the fabric 60 and the lower ETFE film 10 are bonded by the adhesive layer 42. The composite film is completed by bonding them. The order of bonding at the two locations is not questioned.
The adhesive used for forming the ETFE film 10, the fabric 60, the adhesive layer 41, and the adhesive layer 42 in the sixth manufacturing method is the same as the adhesive used for forming the adhesive layer 40 in the second manufacturing method.
The adhesion between the upper ETFE film 10 and the fabric 60 in FIG. 5 by the adhesive layer 41 in the sixth manufacturing method and the adhesion between the fabric 60 and the lower ETFE film 10 by the adhesive layer 42 are basically the first. It is the same as the manufacturing method. In addition, since the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 41 or the adhesive layer 42 is usually difficult to adhere to the ETFE film 10 that is a fluororesin, in the sixth manufacturing method, the ETFE film 10 is bonded to the ETFE film 10 by the adhesive. The surface is preliminarily roughened by, for example, corona treatment so that adhesion by an adhesive is possible.
Note that the two ETFE films in the sixth production method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. In this case, whether or not the surface of the ETFE film to be bonded is roughened in advance in order to enable bonding with an adhesive may be based on the same idea as described in the second manufacturing method.

<Seventh manufacturing method>
The composite film completed by the seventh manufacturing method is as shown in FIG. 5 similar to the composite film completed by the sixth manufacturing method.
The seventh production method is almost the same as the sixth production method. Further, the ETFE film 10, the fabric 60, and the adhesive used for forming the adhesive layer 41 and the adhesive layer 42 in the seventh manufacturing method are the same as those used in the sixth manufacturing method.
The seventh manufacturing method is different from the sixth manufacturing method in the sixth manufacturing method. Instead of roughening the surface of the ETFE film 10 to be bonded with the adhesive in advance by, for example, corona treatment, the seventh manufacturing method is different. The surface of the ETFE film 10 to be bonded with the adhesive is preliminarily coated with an appropriate primer for enabling the bonding with the adhesive. As this primer, those described in the third production method can be used.
Note that the two ETFE films in the seventh manufacturing method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. In this case, whether or not to perform a process such as pre-coating the surface of the ETFE film to be bonded with a primer in order to enable bonding with an adhesive is the same as described in the third manufacturing method. According to.

<Eighth production method>
The composite film completed by the eighth manufacturing method is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, in this composite film, two adhesive layers 43 and 44 are disposed between the two ETFE films 10, and the fluororesin film 51 is interposed between the two adhesive layers 43 and 44. , 52, and the fabric 60 is sandwiched between the two fluororesin films 51, 52.
In the eighth manufacturing method, the same heating as in the sixth manufacturing method is performed.
In the eighth manufacturing method, the adhesion of the upper ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 51 in FIG. 6 by the adhesive layer 43 and the adhesion of the lower ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 52 in FIG. Prior to heating. The fluororesin films 51 and 52 are the same as those described in the fourth manufacturing method, and are films made of a fluororesin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE.
The adhesion between the upper ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 51 in FIG. 6 by the adhesive layer 43 and the adhesion between the lower ETFE film 10 and the fluororesin film 52 in FIG. Since they are bonded, the corona treatment described in the sixth manufacturing method or the primer described in the seventh manufacturing method is applied in advance to the surfaces to be bonded as necessary.
And what was arrange | positioned as shown in FIG. 6 is heated so that the whole may become the temperature exceeding the melting | fusing point of ETFE similarly to the case of the 1st manufacturing method.
Then, the inner surface of the fluororesin films 51 and 52 made of a fluororesin having a melting point lower than that of ETFE is more easily melted than the inner surface of the ETFE film in the case of the first manufacturing method, To bridge.
Thereby, the composite films arranged as shown in FIG. 6 are completed.
Note that the two ETFE films in the eighth production method can be replaced with the film made of the above-mentioned “transparent or translucent resin” as described above. About the selection method about the fluororesin films 51 and 52 in this case, what is necessary is just to follow the idea described in the 1st manufacturing method and the 4th manufacturing method.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＥＴＦＥ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表１の複合フィルムの可視光透過率は、２０．３％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ３４８０Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ３１４４Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が６ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．３ｍｍ以下と十分であった（なお、穴に関しては、建築基準法第２条第九号では、試験後に生じたピンホールの大きさが０．５ｍｍ未満である場合には合格としている。）。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表２の複合フィルムの可視光透過率は、１５．６％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ３０５０Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ２９８０Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が４ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．３ｍｍ以下と十分であった。 (Experimental example 1)
The performance of the composite film obtained in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above was evaluated. Items evaluated were tensile strength, flameproofing, and translucency. The results of the evaluation are as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. In Experimental Example 1, ETFE was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.
[Evaluation of performance of ETFE composite film obtained by the production method of the first embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of ETFE composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The visible light transmittance of the composite film of Table 1 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment was 20.3%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is sufficient with vertical 3480N / 3cm, horizontal 3144N / 3cm, and the degree of nonflammability is 6MJ / m ^{2 of} calorific value, and the pinhole resulting from the nonflammability test The size of was sufficient to be 0.3 mm or less (in addition, regarding the hole, in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standard Law, if the size of the pinhole generated after the test is less than 0.5 mm Passed.)
The visible light transmittance of the composite film of Table 2 obtained by the production method of the second embodiment was 15.6%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is sufficient as length 3050N / 3cm and width 2980N / 3cm, and the nonflammability is 4MJ / m ² of the calorific value, and the pinhole generated as a result of the nonflammability test. The size of was sufficiently 0.3 mm or less.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＥＴＦＥ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表３の複合フィルムは、引張強さや可視光透過率、不燃性試験の発熱量等は要求性能を満たす。しかし、不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目において、０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を完全には満たさなかった。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表４の複合フィルムは、可視光透過率で１４．４％及び不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目で０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を満たさなかった。 (Comparison 1)
Compared to Experimental Example 1, in the manufacturing method of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the composite film in the case where the gaps between the respective yarns of the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn in the fabric were changed Performance was evaluated. In contrast 1, ETFE was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.
[Evaluation of performance of ETFE composite film obtained by the production method of the first embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of ETFE composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The composite film of Table 3 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment satisfies the required performance in terms of tensile strength, visible light transmittance, calorific value in the nonflammability test, and the like. However, in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test, a pinhole with a diameter of 0.6 mm was seen, and thus the required performance was not completely satisfied.
Since the composite film of Table 4 obtained by the manufacturing method of the second embodiment has a visible light transmittance of 14.4% and a pinhole of 0.6 mm in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test, it is required. The performance was not met.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＰＴＦＥ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表５のＰＴＦＥ複合膜材の可視光透過率は、２６．５％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ２５４１Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ１７４０Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が３ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．５ｍｍ以下と十分であった。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表６のＰＴＦＥ複合膜材の可視光透過率は、２５．４％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ２９１８Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ１５０１Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が３ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．５ｍｍ以下と十分であった。 (Experimental example 2)
As Experimental Example 2, the performance of the composite film obtained in the first embodiment and the second embodiment was evaluated. Items evaluated were tensile strength, flameproofing, and translucency. The results of evaluation are as shown in Tables 5 and 6 below. In Experimental Example 2, PTFE was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.

[Evaluation of performance of PTFE composite film obtained by the production method of the first embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of PTFE composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The visible light transmittance of the PTFE composite membrane material of Table 5 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment was 26.5%. On the other hand, its tensile strength is sufficient as vertical 2541N / 3cm and horizontal 1740N / 3cm, and the degree of nonflammability is 3MJ / m ^{2 of} calorific value, and pinholes resulting from nonflammability tests The size was sufficiently 0.5 mm or less.
The visible light transmittance of the PTFE composite membrane material of Table 6 obtained by the production method of the second embodiment was 25.4%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is sufficient with vertical 2918N / 3cm and width 1501N / 3cm, and the nonflammability is 3MJ / m ² , and the pinhole generated as a result of the nonflammability test. The size was sufficiently 0.5 mm or less.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＰＴＦＥ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表７のＰＴＦＥ複合フィルムは、引張強さや可視光透過率、不燃性試験の発熱量等は要求性能を満たす。しかし、不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目において、０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を完全には満たさなかった。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表８のＰＴＦＥ複合フィルムは、不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目で０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を満たさなかった。 (Comparison 2)
In contrast to Experimental Example 2, the performance of the composite film was evaluated when the gaps between the respective yarns of the second fiber yarn in the woven fabric were changed by the production method of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In contrast 2, PTFE was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.

[Evaluation of performance of PTFE composite film obtained by the production method of the first embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of PTFE composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The PTFE composite film of Table 7 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment satisfies the required performance in terms of tensile strength, visible light transmittance, calorific value in the nonflammability test, and the like. However, in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test, a pinhole with a diameter of 0.6 mm was seen, and thus the required performance was not completely satisfied.
The PTFE composite film of Table 8 obtained by the production method of the second embodiment did not satisfy the required performance because a pinhole having a diameter of 0.6 mm was observed in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＰＶＣ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表９のＰＶＣ複合フィルムの可視光透過率は、３０．１％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ２７４１Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ１９４０Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が８ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．５ｍｍ以下と十分であった。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表１０のＰＶＣ複合フィルムの可視光透過率は、３１．８％であった。他方、その引張強さは、タテ３０１８Ｎ／３ｃｍ、ヨコ１７０１Ｎ／３ｃｍと十分であり、また、その不燃性の程度は、発熱量が８ＭＪ／ｍ^２、及び不燃性の試験の結果生じたピンホールの大きさは０．５ｍｍ以下と十分であった。 (Experimental example 3)
As Experimental Example 3, the performance of the composite film obtained in the first embodiment and the second embodiment was evaluated. Items evaluated were tensile strength, flameproofing, and translucency. The results of the evaluation are as shown in Table 9 and Table 10 below. In Experimental Example 3, PVC was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.
[Evaluation of Performance of PVC Composite Film Obtained by Manufacturing Method of First Embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of PVC composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The visible light transmittance of the PVC composite film of Table 9 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment was 30.1%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is sufficient as vertical 2741N / 3cm and horizontal 1940N / 3cm, and the degree of nonflammability is 8MJ / m ^{2 of} calorific value, and the pinhole resulting from the nonflammability test The size was sufficiently 0.5 mm or less.
The visible light transmittance of the PVC composite film of Table 10 obtained by the production method of the second embodiment was 31.8%. On the other hand, the tensile strength is sufficient with vertical 3018N / 3cm and horizontal 1701N / 3cm, and the degree of nonflammability is 8MJ / m ^{2 of} calorific value, and the pinhole resulting from the nonflammability test The size was sufficiently 0.5 mm or less.

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

［第２実施形態の製法で得られたＰＶＣ複合フィルムの性能の評価］

※建築基準法第２条第九号に定める不燃材料の認定試験による結果

第１実施形態の製法で得られた表１１のＰＶＣ複合フィルムは、引張強さや可視光透過率、不燃性試験の発熱量等は要求性能を満たす。しかし、不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目において、０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を完全には満たさなかった。
第２実施形態の製法で得られた表１２のＰＶＣ複合フィルムは、不燃性試験におけるピンホールの項目で０．６ｍｍの径のピンホールが見られたため、要求性能を満たさなかった。 (Comparison 3)
With respect to Experimental Example 3, the performance of the composite film was evaluated when the gaps between the respective yarns in the portion of the fabric by the second fiber yarn were changed by the production method of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In contrast 3, PVC was selected as the transparent or translucent resin constituting the two films.

[Evaluation of Performance of PVC Composite Film Obtained by Manufacturing Method of First Embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

[Evaluation of performance of PVC composite film obtained by the production method of the second embodiment]

* Results from certification tests for non-combustible materials specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act

The PVC composite film of Table 11 obtained by the production method of the first embodiment satisfies the required performance in terms of tensile strength, visible light transmittance, calorific value in the nonflammability test, and the like. However, in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test, a pinhole with a diameter of 0.6 mm was seen, and thus the required performance was not completely satisfied.
The PVC composite film of Table 12 obtained by the manufacturing method of the second embodiment did not satisfy the required performance because a pinhole having a diameter of 0.6 mm was observed in the pinhole item in the nonflammability test.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ETFE film 20 1st fabric 21 First fiber yarn 30 2nd fabric 31 2nd fiber yarn 41 Adhesive layer 42 Adhesive layer 43 Adhesive layer 44 Adhesive layer 51 Fluororesin film 52 Fluororesin film 60 Woven fabric

Claims (10)

A composite film whose both surfaces are made of a transparent or translucent resin,
The inside includes a woven fabric woven with a first fiber thread that is a thread made of non-combustible fiber and a second fiber thread that is a thread made of glass fiber,
The first fiber yarn in the woven fabric is thick enough to bear the strength of the composite film, and the portion by the first fiber yarn in the woven fabric has an aperture ratio that can ensure the translucency of the composite film. Is woven like
The second fiber yarn in the woven fabric is thin enough to ensure the translucency of the composite film, and the portion of the woven fabric due to the second fiber yarn can secure the flameproof property of the composite film. Densely woven,
Composite film. The woven fabric includes a first woven fabric woven with the first fiber yarn and a second woven fabric woven with the second fiber yarn.
The composite film according to claim 1. The woven fabric is a single piece in which the first fiber yarn and the second fiber yarn are mixed.
The composite film according to claim 1. The fiber of the first fiber yarn is one of glass fiber, carbon fiber, stainless steel fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber,
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. The thickness of the first fiber is 0.1 mm to 5 mm.
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. The opening ratio of the portion by the first fiber yarn in the woven fabric is such that the porosity of the mesh by the first fiber yarn is between 15% and 95%.
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. The first fiber yarn is woven in leno weave or imitation weave,
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. The thickness of the second fiber yarn is 50 dtex to 1500 dtex.
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. The gap between the yarns of the portion of the second fiber yarn in the woven fabric is 0.5 mm or less,
The composite film in any one of Claims 1-3. As a transparent or translucent resin, a resin having a translucency of 40% or more is used.
The composite film according to claim 1.

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