JP2014053979A - Rotating electrical apparatus and wind-power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating electrical apparatus using a magnetic worm gear and a wind-power generation system capable of obtaining a stable power generation output even if variation occurs in transmitting magnetic force or rotation speed of a big rotor.SOLUTION: A rotating electrical apparatus according to an embodiment comprises: a big rotor 40 including a magnetic pole formed of a permanent magnet 44 on an outer peripheral surface; at least one small rotor 50 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the big rotor 40 so as to be separated therefrom and opposite thereto, and including a helical magnetic pole formed of a permanent magnet 52 on an outer peripheral surface of a non-magnetic ring 54 so as to be magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the non-magnetic ring 54 in accordance with an interval of the magnetic pole of the big rotor 40; a field magnet rotor 70 fixed to an inner diameter side of the non-magnetic ring 54 and configured to generate a magnetic flux toward an inner diameter side of the small rotor 50; and an armature stator 80 arranged on an inner diameter side of the field magnet rotor 70 so as to be separated therefrom and opposite thereto, and including a plurality of armature windings 82 in which rotating magnetic fields that rotate according to rotation of the field magnet rotor 70 are interlinked with each other.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a rotating electrical machine and a wind power generation system.

  In a rotating electrical machine such as a large-capacity generator, it is known that the physique of the generator is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the generator. In a rotating electrical machine that uses natural energy such as wind power, tidal power, and wave power as a power source, the natural energy is converted into rotational energy by a blade or the like.

  However, in a rotating electrical machine that uses natural energy, the rotational speed of the blades is low, so when the rotational energy obtained by the blades is directly transmitted to the generator, the size of the generator tends to be large. Therefore, in order to reduce the size of the generator, a system is generally adopted in which a mechanical speed increaser is disposed between the blade and the generator to increase the rotational speed of the generator. In order to reduce the size of the generator, a rotating electrical machine that uses a magnetic worm gear to increase the speed of the generator is also being studied.

JP-A-9-56146 British Patent Application No. 2463102

  In a rotating electrical machine using a magnetic worm gear, two types of rotors (a large rotor and a small rotor) are provided mechanically in a non-contact manner. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the magnetic force is high, and there are advantages in terms of maintenance compared to the mechanical speed increaser.

  On the other hand, the transmission magnetic force transmitted from the large rotor to each small rotor varies depending on the relative positions of the magnetic poles of the large rotor and the small rotor. FIG. 14 is an electromagnetic field analysis diagram showing the relationship between the relative positions of the magnetic poles of the large rotor and the small rotor and the transmitted magnetic force in a general rotating electrical machine using a magnetic worm gear. In FIG. 14, when the different magnetic poles of the large rotor and the small rotor face each other, the relative position phase angle is 0 degree, and when one magnetic pole center faces the other magnetic pole, a transmission magnetic force is generated in a positive direction. In this case, the relative position phase angle is 90 degrees.

  The maximum value of the transmitted magnetic force occurs when the relative position phase angle is approximately 90 degrees. If the relative position phase angle is larger than this, the transmission magnetic force between the large rotor and the small rotor is weakened, and magnetic coupling with the large rotor cannot be obtained in the small rotor. For this reason, the large rotor and the small rotor do not rotate synchronously, and a step-out state occurs. When the small rotor is in a step-out state, a predetermined power generation output cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the relative position phase angle of the small rotor in the range of 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

  When natural energy is used as a power source, constant natural energy is not always obtained. For this reason, when the torque of the large rotor changes suddenly due to a load change or the like, the rotation of the small rotor cannot follow the large rotor, and a step-out state may occur.

  In a rotating electrical machine using a magnetic worm gear, when a plurality of small rotors are provided, the transmission magnetic force transmitted from the large rotor to the small rotor varies depending on the manufacturing accuracy of the small rotor and the generator. Moreover, the output phase shift of the generator inside the small rotor also occurs depending on the mounting position of the small rotor that is mounted over the circumferential direction of the large rotor. For this reason, it is difficult to simply add the outputs from the generator in an alternating current, and at the same time, it is not easy to maintain the relative position phase angles of all the small rotors in the range of 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is a rotating electric machine that uses a magnetic worm gear, and can provide a stable electric power output even when the transmission magnetic force varies or the rotational speed of the large rotor changes. It is to provide a wind power generation system.

  The rotating electrical machine of the embodiment is arranged to be opposed to the first rotor having a magnetic pole formed of a permanent magnet on the outer peripheral surface, spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor, and on the outer peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring, And at least one second rotor having a helical magnetic pole formed by a permanent magnet so as to be magnetically coupled according to the magnetic pole spacing of the first rotor. Furthermore, the rotating electrical machine is fixed to the inner diameter side of the non-magnetic ring, and a field rotor that generates a magnetic flux toward the inner diameter side of the second rotor, and is disposed opposite to the inner diameter side of the field rotor. And an armature stator having a plurality of armature windings in which a rotating magnetic field rotating in accordance with the rotation of the field rotor is linked.

It is the perspective view which showed typically the wind power generation system provided with the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which showed the internal structure of the nacelle in the wind power generation system shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed typically the structure of the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure when the cross section cut | disconnected in the surface A of FIG. 3 where the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment was shown was seen from the axial direction of a small rotor. In the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment, it is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating arrangement | positioning structure of the permanent magnet arrange | positioned on the outer peripheral surface of a small rotor. In the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment, it is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the other arrangement structure of the permanent magnet arrange | positioned on the outer peripheral surface of a small rotor. It is a figure when the cross section cut | disconnected in the surface B of FIG. 3 where the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment was shown was seen from the axial direction of the large rotor. It is a figure when the cross section equivalent to the cross section cut | disconnected in the surface B of FIG. 3 of the rotary electric machine of 2nd Embodiment is seen from the axial direction of a large rotor. It is a figure which shows typically the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the rotating shaft of the large rotor in a rotary electric machine for demonstrating the arrangement configuration of the small rotor in the rotary electric machine of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure when the cross section equivalent to the cross section cut | disconnected in the surface B of FIG. 3 of the rotary electric machine of 4th Embodiment is seen from the axial direction of a large rotor. It is a figure when the cross section equivalent to the cross section cut | disconnected in the surface B of FIG. 3 of the rotary electric machine of 5th Embodiment is seen from the axial direction of a large rotor. It is a figure which shows typically the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the rotating shaft of the large rotor in a rotary electric machine for demonstrating arrangement | positioning structure of the small rotor in the rotary electric machine of 6th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the rotating shaft of the large rotor in a rotary electric machine for demonstrating arrangement | positioning structure of the small rotor in the rotary electric machine of 7th Embodiment. It is an electromagnetic field analysis figure which shows the relationship between the magnetic pole relative position of a large rotor and a small rotor, and transmission magnetic force in the general rotary electric machine using a magnetic worm gear.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a wind power generation system 10 including a rotating electrical machine 30 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal configuration of the nacelle 20 in the wind power generation system 10 shown in FIG. In the following embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generation system 10 includes a nacelle 20, a wind turbine blade 21, and a tower 22.

  The nacelle 20 is attached to the top of the tower 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the nacelle 20 accommodates a rotating electrical machine 30, a power adjusting unit 31 that performs voltage adjustment and frequency adjustment on power generated from a generator mounted on the rotating electrical machine 30, and the like. ing. The power adjustment unit 31 may be provided on the ground.

  A plurality of wind turbine blades 21 are attached around a blade shaft (blade shaft) 23 attached so as to be directly connected to a rotation shaft 32 of a rotating electrical machine 30 in the nacelle 20.

  The tower 22 is installed on the ground and supports the nacelle 20. A cable 33 for transmitting electric power is provided inside the tower 22. For example, the cable 33 is guided downward from the nacelle 20 side through the inside of the tower 22 and led to the outside of the tower 22 near the ground.

  In the wind power generation system 10 described above, when the wind turbine blade 21 is rotated by wind power, the rotational force is transmitted from the blade shaft 23 of the wind turbine blade 21 to the rotary shaft 32 of the rotating electrical machine 30 in the nacelle 20. Then, power generation is performed by a generator mounted on the rotating electrical machine 30. The electric power generated from the generator of the rotating electrical machine 30 is adjusted by the power adjustment unit 31, and then is led from the nacelle 20 through the tower 22 through the cable 33 to the outside of the tower 22.

  Here, when the power adjustment unit 31 is installed on the ground, the power generated from the generator of the rotating electrical machine 30 is sent from the nacelle 20 through the tower 22 through the cable 33 to the outside of the tower 22 to be adjusted. It is adjusted by the unit 31.

  Next, the configuration of the rotating electrical machine 30 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a view when a cross section cut along a plane A of FIG. 3 in which the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment is shown is viewed from the axial direction of the small rotor 50. In FIG. 4, the small rotor 50 and the generator 60 are not shown in cross section. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the arrangement configuration of the permanent magnets arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram for explaining another arrangement configuration of the permanent magnets arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a view when a cross section cut along a plane B of FIG. 3 in which the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment is shown is viewed from the axial direction of the large rotor 40.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rotating electrical machine 30 is disposed to face a toroidal rotor (hereinafter referred to as a “large rotor 40”) that functions as a first rotor, spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40. A cylindrical rotor functioning as a second rotor (hereinafter referred to as “small rotor 50”). At least one small rotor 50 is provided in the circumferential direction of the large rotor 40. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the large rotor 40 includes a rotation shaft 41 that is directly connected to the blade shaft 23 of the wind turbine blade 21, and a support member 42 that supports the large rotor 40 so that the large rotor 40 rotates with the rotation of the rotation shaft 41. And. The support member 42 is configured by, for example, a disk-shaped member that is formed so as to block between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 41 and the inner peripheral surface of the large rotor 40. Note that the configuration of the support member 42 is not limited to this, and an opening such as a through-hole may be provided in a disk-shaped member in consideration of weight and ventilation. The outer circumferential surface of the large rotor 40 is formed in a semi-annular shape (U-shape) so as to surround the half circumference of the small rotor 50 while maintaining a uniform gap with the outer circumferential surface of the small rotor 50.

  The small rotor 50 is configured to rotate around an axis 51 that faces in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis 41 of the large rotor 40. As shown in FIG. 4, a semicircular gap 43 exists between the large rotor 40 and the small rotor 50.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the large rotor 40 and the small rotor 50 include permanent magnets 44 and 52 on their outer peripheral surfaces, and constitute a magnetic worm gear. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, permanent magnets 52 are spirally arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 with the same poles facing each other with the magnetic material 53 interposed therebetween. As a result, spiral magnetic poles are alternately configured as N poles and S poles.

  With such a configuration, a high transmission magnetic force can be obtained and stable rotation can be performed. Further, by disposing the permanent magnet 52 with the magnetic material 53 interposed therebetween, it is possible to obtain a larger magnetic force than when the magnetic material 53 is not interposed. In other words, when the obtained magnetic force is constant, when the permanent magnet 52 is disposed with the magnetic material 53 interposed therebetween, the permanent magnet 52 can be made smaller than when the magnetic material 53 is not sandwiched. Manufacturing costs can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to reduce the weight of the nacelle 20 by reducing the size of the generator, and to contribute to the assembly of the tower 22 and the stability of the tower 22 against the wind.

  The magnetic pole of the small rotor 50 has a semi-annular outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40, so that the magnetic field changes relatively at the end thereof. For example, a laminated steel plate or a dust core With this configuration, eddy current loss can be reduced.

  In the small rotor 50, as shown in FIG. 7, the permanent magnet 52 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of a ring-shaped nonmagnetic ring 54 made of a nonmagnetic material. Both ends of the nonmagnetic ring 54 in the direction of the shaft 51 are supported by support members 55 extending in the radial direction having bearings 90 on the shaft 51 side so as to be rotatable about the shaft 51. Although not shown, for example, both ends of the shaft 51 are supported by support members provided outside.

  On the other hand, a permanent magnet 44 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 so that the same poles are opposed to each other with the magnetic material 45 interposed therebetween so as to be magnetically coupled according to the magnetic pole interval of the small rotor 50. As a result, the magnetic poles are alternately configured as N poles and S poles. The base material of the large rotor 40 in which the permanent magnets 44 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface is made of, for example, a steel material.

  In at least a region where the large rotor 40 and the small rotor 50 are magnetically coupled, whether the magnetic pole spacing and the magnetic pole pattern inclination angle of the large rotor 40 are equal to the magnetic pole interval and the magnetic pole pattern inclination angle of the small rotor 50, respectively. It is preferable that they are configured to be substantially equal.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the permanent magnet 52 may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 so that the spiral magnetic poles are alternately arranged in N and S poles. In this case, on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40, like the small rotor 50, N poles and S poles are alternately arranged with the same inclination as the magnetic poles of the small rotor 50. The pitch between the magnetic poles (N pole and S pole) varies depending on the radial position from the center of the large rotor 40. Therefore, the larger the radius from the center of the large rotor 40, the wider the circumferential width of the magnet, or the more uniform the circumferential width of the magnet and the larger the radius from the center of the large rotor 40, the larger the gap between the magnets. The structure becomes larger.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the permanent magnet 52 is spirally arranged without sandwiching the magnetic material 45, the permanent magnet 52 is not provided with the nonmagnetic ring 54, and the outer peripheral surface of the field rotor core 71 described later is used. Can be arranged. When the outer diameter of the small rotor 50 is constant, the generator 60 can be enlarged in the radial direction by the amount that the nonmagnetic ring 54 is not provided. In this case, both end portions in the direction of the shaft 51 are supported by the support members 55 extending in the radial direction having the bearings 90 on the shaft 51 side so that the field rotor iron core 71 can rotate around the shaft 51. .

  As shown in FIG. 7, an outer rotor type generator 60 is provided on the inner diameter side of the small rotor 50. The generator 60 included in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment is configured by a permanent magnet synchronous generator, and includes a field rotor 70 and an armature stator 80.

  The field rotor 70 is fixed to the inner diameter side of the nonmagnetic ring 54 and generates a magnetic flux toward the inner diameter side (axis 51 side) of the small rotor 50. Therefore, the field rotor 70 rotates with the small rotor 50.

  The field rotor 70 includes a ring-shaped field rotor iron core 71 provided on the inner circumferential surface of the nonmagnetic ring 54 and a permanent magnet 72 provided on the inner circumferential surface of the field rotor iron core 71. The permanent magnets 72 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the field rotor iron core 71 at a predetermined interval so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

  Here, by providing the non-magnetic ring 54 between the permanent magnet 52 and the field rotor iron core 71, the permanent magnet 52 on the outer circumference of the small rotor 50 and the magnetism are generated by the magnetic flux generated in the field rotor iron core 71 by the permanent magnet 72. The property of the material 53 can be prevented from being damaged.

  As shown in FIG. 7, an armature stator 80 is disposed on the inner diameter side of the field rotor 70 so as to be separated from the field rotor 70. The armature stator 80 includes a stator iron core 81 and a plurality of armature windings 82 disposed on the stator iron core 81 and linked with a rotating magnetic field that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the field rotor 70. The armature stator 80 is fixed to the shaft 51.

  The above-described field rotor 70 and armature stator 80 are outer rotor type permanent magnets in which permanent magnets are arranged so as to form field magnetic poles having N and S poles alternately in the circumferential direction of the field rotor 70. Type synchronous machine.

  In the configuration of the large rotor 40 and the small rotor 50 described above, when the large rotor 40 rotates, the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 and the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 are attracted or repelled. Following the rotation, the small rotor 50 rotates. When the small rotor 50 rotates, the field rotor 70 fixed to the small rotor 50 rotates. Then, electric power synchronized with the rotating magnetic flux generated by the field rotor 70 is induced in the armature winding 82 and taken out as an output. At this time, the rotation of the small rotor 50 is increased at a gear ratio determined by the number of magnetic poles of the large rotor 40 and the number of gears of the small rotor 50, and electric power corresponding to the number of rotations of the small rotor 50 is generated in the generator 60. .

  As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided, the output from the armature winding 82 of the generator 60 in each small rotor 50 is individually converted to direct current by a converter (not shown). The DC output is added by an adding circuit (not shown). The added DC output is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown).

  Here, the AC output from the armature winding 82 is controlled for each small rotor 50 by the control circuit. For output control, it is necessary to detect the position of the field rotor 70, and various methods such as a method using a position sensor and a method using sensorless control are known and can be appropriately selected according to conditions. The

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment, the small rotor 50 is stable even when there is a variation in transmitted magnetic force due to the mounting position of the small rotor 50 or manufacturing accuracy, and there is a change in the rotational speed of the large rotor 40. And can be rotated. Thereby, a stable power generation output can be obtained from the generator 60 without going out of step.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a view when a cross section corresponding to the cross section taken along the plane B in FIG. 3 of the rotating electrical machine 30 according to the second embodiment is viewed from the axial direction of the large rotor 40.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the second embodiment, the configuration of the field rotor 100 is different from the configuration of the field rotor 70 of the first embodiment, and thus this different configuration will be mainly described.

  Unlike the first embodiment in which the permanent magnet 72 is used, the field rotor 100 in the rotating electrical machine 30 according to the second embodiment is excited by the field winding 101. As shown in FIG. 8, the field rotor 100 includes a ring-shaped field rotor core 71 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring 54 and a field provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the field rotor iron core 71. A magnetic winding 101 is provided.

  The field winding 101 is fitted into, for example, a groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the field rotor iron core 71, and is fixed by a wedge or the like so as not to fall off. The field winding 101 is connected to one end of a wiring 104 that supplies field power. The other end of the wiring 104 is connected to a brush 103 that is in electrical contact with the slip ring 102 supplied with power from a wiring (not shown) connected to an external power source (not shown). The wiring 104, the brush 103, the slip ring 102, the external power source (not shown), and the wiring (not shown) between the external power source and the slip ring 102 function as a power supply unit that supplies field power. To do.

  The field rotor 100 and the armature stator 80 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the second embodiment are arranged so as to constitute field magnetic poles that alternately become N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction of the field rotor 100. This is an outer rotor type winding field type synchronous machine including a field winding 101 and a power supply unit that supplies field power to the field winding 101 from the armature stator 80 side.

  As a method for exciting the field winding 101, a brushless excitation method that is used in a turbine generator for thermal power generation and that supplies power without contact without using a slip ring or a brush may be employed. As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided, it is preferable that a control circuit for adjusting the excitation amount of the field winding 101 is provided for each small rotor 50.

  In the above configuration, when the large rotor 40 rotates, the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 and the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 are attracted or repelled, so that the small rotor 50 follows the rotation of the large rotor 40. Rotates. When the small rotor 50 rotates, the field rotor 100 fixed to the small rotor 50 rotates, and electric power corresponding to the rotational speed of the small rotor 50 is generated in the generator 60.

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the second embodiment, the excitation amount of the field rotor 100 can be adjusted according to the load state and the characteristics of the individual small rotors 50. Therefore, the small rotor 50 can be stably rotated even when there is a variation in transmitted magnetic force depending on the mounting position and manufacturing accuracy of the small rotor 50 and a change in the rotational speed of the large rotor 40. Thereby, a stable power generation output can be obtained from the generator 60 without going out of step.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft 41 of the large rotor 40 in the rotating electrical machine 30 for explaining the arrangement configuration of the small rotors 50 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the third embodiment. . In FIG. 9, the small rotor 50 is not shown in a sectional view.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the small rotor 50 in the first embodiment (referred to herein as the small rotor 50a) and the small rotor in the second embodiment. 50 (referred to herein as the small rotor 50b) are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction so as to be spaced apart from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 according to the third embodiment, the output from the generator 60 in the small rotors 50a and 50b is individually converted into direct current by a converter (not shown), and the direct current output is added to an adder circuit (not shown). Not added). The added DC output is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown).

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the third embodiment, the adjustment of the output from the generator 60 is performed by the small rotor 50b, so that the individual output control adjustment from the generator 60 of the small rotor 50a using the permanent magnet is performed. A stable power generation output can be obtained without performing the above. In addition, the electrical resistance loss in the field winding 101 can be reduced as compared with the case where all the small rotors are configured by the small rotor 50 b having the generator 60 using the field winding 101. Therefore, higher power generation efficiency can be obtained and the power generation output can be increased.

  The small rotor 50a and the small rotor 50b have different weights and magnetic forces, but by arranging them alternately in the circumferential direction of the large rotor 40, the circumferential weight and magnetic force balance of the large rotor 40 can be improved. A rotating electrical machine that can be maintained and has high reliability can be provided.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 10 is a view of a rotary electric machine 30 according to the fourth embodiment when a cross section corresponding to a cross section cut along a plane B in FIG. 3 is viewed from the axial direction of the large rotor 40.

  Unlike the rotating electrical machine 30 of the first embodiment that includes the field rotor 70, the rotating electrical machine 30 of the fourth embodiment includes the induction rotor 110. Therefore, here, this different configuration will be mainly described.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the induction rotor 110 in the rotary electric machine 30 of the fourth embodiment includes an induction rotor core 111, a rotor bar 112, and an end ring 113.

  The induction rotor iron core 111 is configured in a ring shape, for example, and is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring 54. The rotor bar 112 functions as a conductor bar, for example, is formed in a rod shape, and is disposed in a conductor groove along the direction of the shaft 51 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the induction rotor core 111. The rotor bar 112 is fixed with, for example, a wedge so as not to come out of the conductor groove. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which comprises a conductor groove | channel by a through-hole and inserts the rotor bar | burr 112 in the through-hole.

  The end ring 113 functions as a ring-shaped member and is provided so as to short-circuit the one end side and the other end side of the rotor bar 112. That is, the rotor bar 112 and the end ring 113 constitute a squirrel-cage rotor conductor 114.

  The induction rotor 110 and the armature stator 80 described above are an outer rotor type squirrel cage induction machine.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the fourth embodiment, when the large rotor 40 rotates, the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 and the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 are attracted or repelled, thereby rotating the large rotor 40. Following this, the small rotor 50 rotates. A secondary current is induced in the rotor conductor 114 by the reactive power supplied by the armature winding 82. Then, due to the interaction between the magnetic field generated by the secondary current and the magnetic field generated by the armature winding 82, the induction rotor 110 rotates with a slip with respect to the rotating magnetic field generated in the armature winding 82. Power is output from 82.

  When a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided, the output from the armature winding 82 of the generator 60 in each small rotor 50 is individually converted into direct current by a converter (not shown), and the direct current output is added. It is added by a circuit (not shown). The added DC output is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown).

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the fourth embodiment, since there is a slip between the rotation of the induction rotor 110 and the rotating magnetic field of the armature winding 82, the difference according to the load and the characteristics of each small rotor 50 Can be absorbed. Therefore, the outputs can be added without adjusting the output from the generator 60 in each small rotor 50, and a stable power output can be obtained with a simpler structure.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a view of a rotary electric machine 30 according to the fifth embodiment, as viewed from the axial direction of the large rotor 40, corresponding to a cross section taken along plane B of FIG. 3.

  The rotating electrical machine 30 of the fifth embodiment is different from the rotating electrical machine 30 of the second embodiment including the field rotor 100 in that the induction rotor 120 is provided. Therefore, here, this different configuration will be mainly described.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the induction rotor 120 includes a ring-shaped induction rotor core 111 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring 54 and a rotor winding provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the induction rotor core 111. Line 121 is provided.

  For example, the rotor winding 121 is fitted in a groove or the like formed on the inner peripheral surface of the induction rotor core 111 and is fixed by a wedge or the like so as not to fall off. The rotor winding 121 is connected to one end of a wiring 122 that supplies field power. The other end of the wiring 122 is connected to a brush 124 that is in electrical contact with a slip ring 123 to which power is supplied from a wiring (not shown) connected to an external power source (not shown). The wiring 122, the brush 124, the slip ring 123, the external power source (not shown), and the wiring (not shown) between the external power source and the slip ring 123 function as a power supply unit that supplies field power. To do.

  The induction rotor 120 and the armature stator 80 in the rotary electric machine 30 of the fifth embodiment are of an outer rotor type provided with a power supply section that supplies field power to the rotor winding 121 from the armature stator 80 side. It is a winding type induction machine.

  As a method of exciting the rotor winding 121, a brushless excitation method that is used in a large-capacity turbine generator or the like that supplies power in a non-contact manner without using a slip ring or a brush may be employed. As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided, it is preferable that a control circuit for adjusting the excitation amount of the rotor winding 121 is provided for each small rotor 50.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the fifth embodiment, when the large rotor 40 rotates, the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 and the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the small rotor 50 are attracted or repelled, thereby rotating the large rotor 40. Following this, the small rotor 50 rotates. The rotor winding 121 is excited by the supply of reactive power from the armature winding 82. Then, a rotating magnetic field having a slip with the induction rotor 120 is linked to the armature winding 82, and electric power is output from the armature winding 82.

  When a plurality of small rotors 50 are provided, the output from the armature winding 82 of the generator 60 in each small rotor 50 is individually converted into direct current by a converter (not shown), and the direct current output is added. It is added by a circuit (not shown). The added DC output is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown).

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the fifth embodiment, since there is a slip between the rotation of the induction rotor 120 and the rotating magnetic field of the armature winding 82, the difference according to the load and the characteristics of each small rotor 50 Can be absorbed. Moreover, the position detection like a permanent magnet generator is unnecessary, and it can be set as a simpler structure. Further, since the output of the rotor winding 121 of the induction rotor 120 can be adjusted, a stable power generation output can be obtained.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft 41 of the large rotor 40 in the rotating electrical machine 30 for explaining the arrangement configuration of the small rotors 50 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the sixth embodiment. . In FIG. 12, the small rotor 50 is not shown in a sectional view.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the small rotor 50 (referred to herein as the small rotor 50a) in the first embodiment and the fourth and fifth embodiments. The small rotors 50 (referred to herein as small rotors 50c) are spaced apart from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40, and are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The small rotor 50c may be the small rotor 50 in the fourth or fifth embodiment, or the small rotor 50 in the fourth and fifth embodiments may be mixed. The small rotor 50a functions as a second rotor, and the small rotor 50c functions as a third rotor.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the sixth embodiment, the output from the generator 60 in the small rotors 50a and 50c is individually converted to direct current by a converter (not shown), and the direct current output is added to an adder circuit (not shown). Not added). The added DC output is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown).

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the sixth embodiment, in the small rotor 50c provided with the induction generator, there is a slip between the rotation of the induction rotors 110 and 120 and the rotating magnetic field of the armature winding 82. The difference according to the load and the characteristics of each small rotor 50c can be absorbed. On the other hand, in the small rotor 50a provided with the synchronous generator, the electric resistance loss on the rotor side does not occur, so that higher power generation efficiency can be obtained. Therefore, highly efficient and stable power generation output can be obtained while simplifying the structure.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section perpendicular to the rotation shaft 41 of the large rotor 40 in the rotating electrical machine 30 for explaining the arrangement configuration of the small rotors 50 in the rotating electrical machine 30 of the seventh embodiment. . In FIG. 13, the small rotor 50 is not shown in a sectional view.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the small rotors 50 in the first embodiment are alternately spaced apart from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the large rotor 40 in the circumferential direction. Has been placed. Here, an example in which the small rotor 50 in the first embodiment is provided as the small rotor is shown, but the small rotor is the small rotor 50 in the second, fourth, or fifth embodiment. Alternatively, the small rotors 50 in the second, fourth, and fifth embodiments may be mixed.

  In the rotating electrical machine 30 of the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of small rotors 50 are divided into, for example, four rotor groups, and one adder 130 is provided for each rotor group. Note that the number of divisions of the rotor group is not particularly limited, and may be plural. Outputs from the armature windings 82 of the generator 60 of each small rotor 50 constituting one rotor group are integrated by an adder 130. The output integrated by each adder 130 is converted into AC power having a frequency corresponding to the system output by an AC converter (not shown), and connected to the system via, for example, a transformer (not shown). .

  According to the rotating electrical machine 30 of the seventh embodiment, since the output of each rotor group is independently sent to the system, even if the operation of the small rotors 50 of some of the rotor groups is stopped, the remaining rotor groups Power generation output can be obtained. Therefore, for example, replacement work and maintenance work at the time of an accident can be performed while obtaining power generation output. In addition, when the required load on the system side is small, by operating only the small rotor 50 in a part of the rotor group, it is possible to extend the life of the components of the small rotor 50 and the generator 60 in the rotor group that is not operated. It becomes possible.

  Here, you may comprise the small rotor 50 which comprises the synchronous machine which can be drive | operated as a generator or a motor as the small rotor 50 which comprises at least 1 rotor group among the above-mentioned rotor groups. Moreover, you may comprise the small rotor 50 which comprises the induction machine which can be drive | operated as a generator or a motor for the small rotor 50 which comprises at least 1 rotor group among the above-mentioned rotor groups.

  In this case, one rotating electrical machine 30 can be operated in the motor mode simultaneously with the generator mode. Therefore, in the wind power generation system, for example, when the wind speed is low and the windmill cannot rotate, the operation mode in a part of the rotor group can be set as the motor mode to apply torque to the windmill and rotate the windmill. As a result, the cut-in speed, which is the minimum wind speed at which power generation is started, can be lowered, and the operating range of the generator can be expanded. In this case, for example, by configuring the small rotor in the motor mode with the small rotor 50 provided with the induction machine, it is possible to start without using a position sensor such as a permanent magnet synchronous machine, and a simpler configuration. It becomes.

  According to the embodiment described above, in a rotating electrical machine using a magnetic worm gear, it is possible to obtain a stable power generation output even when the transmission magnetic force varies or the rotational speed of the large rotor changes.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Wind power generation system, 20 ... Nacelle, 21 ... Windmill blade, 22 ... Tower, 23 ... Blade axis, 30 ... Rotary electric machine, 31 ... Electric power adjustment part, 32 ... Rotary shaft, 33 ... Cable, 40 ... Large rotor, 41 ... rotating shaft, 43 ... gap, 44, 52, 72 ... permanent magnet, 45, 53 ... magnetic material, 50, 50a, 50b, 50c ... small rotor, 51 ... shaft, 54 ... nonmagnetic ring, 55 ... support member, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 60 ... Generator, 70 ... Field rotor, 71 ... Field rotor core, 80 ... Armature stator, 81 ... Stator iron core, 82 ... Armature winding, 90 ... Bearing, 100 ... Field rotor, 101 ... Field magnet Winding, 102, 123 ... slip ring, 103, 124 ... brush, 104, 122 ... wiring, 110, 120 ... induction rotor, 111 ... induction rotor core, 112 ... rotor bar, 113 ... end ring, 114 ... rotation Conductor, 121 ... rotor winding, 130 ... adder.

Claims (15)

A first rotor having magnetic poles formed of permanent magnets on the outer peripheral surface;
A spiral formed by a permanent magnet so as to be spaced from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor and to be magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring in accordance with the magnetic pole spacing of the first rotor. At least one second rotor having a magnet-shaped magnetic pole;
A field rotor fixed to the inner diameter side of the non-magnetic ring and generating a magnetic flux toward the inner diameter side of the second rotor;
An armature stator provided with a plurality of armature windings spaced apart and opposed to the inner diameter side of the field rotor and interlinked with a rotating magnetic field that rotates in accordance with the rotation of the field rotor. A rotating electric machine that is characterized.   The field rotor and the armature stator are an outer rotor type permanent magnet type synchronization in which permanent magnets are arranged so as to constitute field magnetic poles having N and S poles alternately in the circumferential direction of the field rotor. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is a machine.   The field rotor and the armature stator are arranged so as to constitute field magnetic poles having N and S poles alternately in a circumferential direction of the field rotor, and the field winding 2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electric machine is an outer rotor type winding field type synchronous machine provided with a power supply unit for supplying field power from the armature stator side.   4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein a field amount supplied to the field winding by the power supply unit is adjusted for each of the field rotors. In at least one of the second rotors, permanent magnets are arranged so that the field rotor and the armature stator form field magnetic poles alternately having N and S poles in the circumferential direction of the field rotor. An outer rotor type permanent magnet type synchronous machine,
In at least one of the second rotors, the field rotor and the armature stator are arranged so as to form field magnetic poles alternately having N and S poles in the circumferential direction of the field rotor. The outer rotor type winding field type synchronous machine comprising a magnetic winding and a power supply unit for supplying field power to the field winding from the armature stator side. 1. The rotating electrical machine according to 1. A first rotor having magnetic poles formed of permanent magnets on the outer peripheral surface;
A spiral formed by a permanent magnet so as to be spaced from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor and to be magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring in accordance with the magnetic pole spacing of the first rotor. At least one second rotor having a magnet-shaped magnetic pole;
An induction rotor fixed to the inner diameter side of the non-magnetic ring;
An armature stator having armature windings arranged opposite to each other on the inner diameter side of the induction rotor and having a rotation magnetic field that rotates and slides with the induction rotor. Rotating electric machine. The induction rotor includes a conductor bar disposed in the inner-diameter side conductor groove, one end side and the other end side being short-circuited by ring-shaped members, respectively.
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 6, wherein the induction rotor and the armature stator are outer rotor type squirrel cage induction machines. The induction rotor includes a rotor winding disposed in a conductor groove on the inner diameter side,
The induction rotor and the armature stator are outer rotor type winding induction machines including a power supply unit that supplies field power to the rotor winding from the armature stator side. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 6. A first rotor having magnetic poles formed of permanent magnets on the outer peripheral surface;
A spiral formed by a permanent magnet so as to be spaced from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor and to be magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring in accordance with the magnetic pole spacing of the first rotor. At least one second rotor having a magnet-shaped magnetic pole;
A field rotor fixed to the inner diameter side of the non-magnetic ring of the second rotor and generating a magnetic flux toward the inner diameter side of the second rotor;
An armature stator provided with a plurality of armature windings spaced apart and opposed to the inner diameter side of the field rotor and linked with a rotating magnetic field that rotates in accordance with the rotation of the field rotor;
A spiral formed by a permanent magnet so as to be spaced from and opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the first rotor and to be magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the nonmagnetic ring in accordance with the magnetic pole spacing of the first rotor. At least one third rotor having a pole-shaped pole;
An induction rotor fixed to the inner diameter side of the nonmagnetic ring of the third rotor;
An armature stator having armature windings arranged opposite to each other on the inner diameter side of the induction rotor and having a rotation magnetic field that rotates and slides with the induction rotor. Rotating electric machine.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 9, wherein the second rotor and the third rotor are alternately arranged at a predetermined interval in a circumferential direction of the first rotor.   In the case where a plurality of the second rotors are provided, an addition circuit is provided that divides the second rotor into two or more rotor groups, adds a direct current output for each division, and connects to the system. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein:   In the case where a plurality of the second rotor and the third rotor are provided, the second rotor and the third rotor are each divided into two or more rotor groups, and a DC output is added for each division. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising an adder circuit connected to the system.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 11 or 12, wherein at least one of the rotor groups is configured by a synchronous machine operable as a generator or a motor.   The rotating electrical machine according to claim 11 or 12, wherein at least one of the rotor groups is configured by an induction machine operable as a generator or a motor. A rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
A wind power generation system, wherein the first rotor is connected to a shaft that is rotated by wind power, and generates electric power from the wind power.

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