JP2014052029A - Steering device - Google Patents

Steering device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2014052029A
JP2014052029A JP2012196609A JP2012196609A JP2014052029A JP 2014052029 A JP2014052029 A JP 2014052029A JP 2012196609 A JP2012196609 A JP 2012196609A JP 2012196609 A JP2012196609 A JP 2012196609A JP 2014052029 A JP2014052029 A JP 2014052029A
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Prior art keywords
pinion shaft
pinion
ball bearing
shaft
steering
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Japanese (ja)
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Atsushi Ikuta
篤志 生田
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to JP2012196609A priority Critical patent/JP2014052029A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063Fixing them on the shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steering device capable of preventing a pinion shaft from significantly moving in an axial direction even if a large external force is applied to the pinion shaft.SOLUTION: A steering device 1 has: a pinion shaft 20 having a pinion tooth 51 and rotating according to a steering force of a steering wheel H; a rack shaft 21 having a rack tooth 90 meshed with the pinion tooth 51 of the pinion shaft 20 and transmitting the steering force to a wheel according to rotation of the pinion shaft 20; and a housing 22 holding the pinion shaft 20 via a ball bearing 61. The pinion shaft 20 is provided with a pedestal 52 contacting one axial face of the ball bearing 61. A diameter of the pedestal 52 is formed larger than an outside diameter of an inner ring part 70 of the ball bearing 61.

Description

本発明は、ステアリング装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a steering device.

従来より、車両用のステアリング装置には、ステアリングホールに付与された操舵力を車輪に伝達するためラック・アンド・ピニオン機構が用いられている。   Conventionally, a rack and pinion mechanism is used in a steering apparatus for a vehicle to transmit a steering force applied to a steering hole to a wheel.

ラック・アンド・ピニオン機構は、ステアリングホイールの操舵力に応じて回転するピニオン軸と、ピニオン軸の回転に応じて操舵力を車輪に伝達するラック軸を有している。ピニオン軸は、玉軸受を介してハウジングに保持されている(特許文献1、2参照)。   The rack-and-pinion mechanism has a pinion shaft that rotates according to the steering force of the steering wheel, and a rack shaft that transmits the steering force to the wheels according to the rotation of the pinion shaft. The pinion shaft is held by the housing via a ball bearing (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

特開2006−213281号公報JP 2006-213281 A 特開2007−186185号公報JP 2007-186185 A

ところで、上述のステアリング装置では、車両の衝突時など、ピニオン軸に軸方向の大きな外力がかかった場合に、ピニオン軸が、玉軸受の内輪部と共に軸方向に大きく動いて、ステアリングホイールの操舵が不安定になってしまう可能性がある。   By the way, in the steering device described above, when a large external force is applied to the pinion shaft in the event of a vehicle collision, the pinion shaft moves greatly in the axial direction together with the inner ring portion of the ball bearing, and the steering wheel is steered. It may become unstable.

本発明はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、ピニオン軸に大きな外力がかかっても、ピニオン軸が軸方向に大きく動いてしまうことを防止できるステアリング装置を提供することをその目的としている。   The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a steering device that can prevent the pinion shaft from moving greatly in the axial direction even when a large external force is applied to the pinion shaft.

上記目的を達成するための本発明は、ピニオン歯を有し、ステアリングホイールの操舵力に応じて回転するピニオン軸と、前記ピニオン軸のピニオン歯と噛み合うラック歯を有し、前記ピニオン軸の回転に応じて車輪に操舵力を伝達するラック軸と、前記ピニオン軸を玉軸受を介して保持するハウジングと、を有し、前記ピニオン軸には、前記玉軸受の軸方向の一の面に当接する台座が設けられ、前記台座の径は、前記玉軸受の内輪部の外径よりも大きい、ステアリング装置である。   To achieve the above object, the present invention has pinion teeth, has a pinion shaft that rotates according to the steering force of the steering wheel, and rack teeth that mesh with the pinion teeth of the pinion shaft, and the rotation of the pinion shaft And a housing that holds the pinion shaft via a ball bearing, and the pinion shaft contacts one surface in the axial direction of the ball bearing. A pedestal in contact with the pedestal is provided, and the diameter of the pedestal is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring portion of the ball bearing.

本発明によれば、車両の衝突等により、ピニオン軸の軸方向に大きな外力が付加され、ピニオン軸が玉軸受の内輪部と共にずれようとする場合に、台座が玉軸受の玉に引っ掛かるので、ピニオン軸が軸方向に大きく動いてしまうことを防止できる。   According to the present invention, a large external force is applied in the axial direction of the pinion shaft due to a vehicle collision or the like, and when the pinion shaft tends to shift together with the inner ring portion of the ball bearing, the pedestal is caught by the ball of the ball bearing. It is possible to prevent the pinion shaft from moving greatly in the axial direction.

前記台座は、前記玉軸受と前記ピニオン歯の間に配置され、前記玉軸受の軸方向の他の面は、前記ピニオン軸に対しカシメ部材によりカシメ固定されていてもよい。かかる場合、円筒状の治具にピニオン軸のピニオン歯を挿入し、その治具上に台座を載置し、玉軸受の他の面側からカシメ荷重をかけて、ピニオン軸と玉軸受をカシメ固定できる。これにより、ピニオン軸のピニオン歯にカシメ荷重がかかることがなく、カシメ荷重によりピニオン歯が曲がることを防止できる。   The pedestal may be disposed between the ball bearing and the pinion teeth, and the other axial surface of the ball bearing may be crimped and fixed to the pinion shaft by a caulking member. In such a case, the pinion teeth of the pinion shaft are inserted into a cylindrical jig, a pedestal is placed on the jig, and a caulking load is applied from the other surface side of the ball bearing, so that the pinion shaft and the ball bearing are caulked. Can be fixed. Thereby, a caulking load is not applied to the pinion teeth of the pinion shaft, and the pinion teeth can be prevented from being bent by the caulking load.

本発明によれば、ステアリング装置において、車両の衝突時等にピニオン軸が軸方向に大きく動いてしまうことを防止できる。   According to the present invention, in the steering device, it is possible to prevent the pinion shaft from greatly moving in the axial direction when the vehicle collides.

ステアリング装置の構成の概略を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline of a structure of a steering device. ラック・アンド・ピニオン部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a rack and pinion part. 玉軸受と台座付近の拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view near a ball bearing and a base. 台座が小さい場合のピニオン軸のずれ方を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows how to shift | deviate a pinion axis | shaft when a base is small. 台座が大きい場合のピニオン軸のずれ方を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows how to slip | deviate a pinion axis | shaft when a base is large. 台座が大きい場合のカシメ固定の仕方を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the method of caulking fixation when a base is large.

以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態について説明する。なお、本明細書及び図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する構成要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

図1に示すようにステアリング装置1は、例えばステアリングホイールHの近傍に電動パワーステアリングを配置した、いわゆるコラムタイプの電動パワーステアリング装置であり、車両のステアリングホイールHの操舵に応じて回転するステアリングシャフト10と、ステアリングシャフト10の回転に応じて図示しない車輪を操舵するタイロッド11と、ステアリングシャフト10の回転に応じて操舵力をタイロッド11に伝達するラック・アンド・ピニオン部12と、補助操舵力をステアリングシャフト10に付与する電動モータ13等を有している。ステアリングシャフト10の先端は、自在継手14を介して中間軸15に連結され、中間軸15は自在継手16を介してピニオン軸20に連結されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the steering device 1 is a so-called column-type electric power steering device in which an electric power steering is disposed in the vicinity of the steering wheel H, for example, and a steering shaft that rotates according to the steering of the steering wheel H of the vehicle. 10, a tie rod 11 that steers a wheel (not shown) according to the rotation of the steering shaft 10, a rack and pinion portion 12 that transmits a steering force to the tie rod 11 according to the rotation of the steering shaft 10, and an auxiliary steering force An electric motor 13 or the like applied to the steering shaft 10 is provided. The distal end of the steering shaft 10 is connected to an intermediate shaft 15 via a universal joint 14, and the intermediate shaft 15 is connected to a pinion shaft 20 via a universal joint 16.

ラック・アンド・ピニオン部12は、例えばステアリングシャフト10と連動するピニオン軸20と、タイロッド11に接続されたラック軸21と、ピニオン軸20とラック軸21を噛み合わせて固定するハウジング22を有している。   The rack and pinion unit 12 includes, for example, a pinion shaft 20 that is linked to the steering shaft 10, a rack shaft 21 that is connected to the tie rod 11, and a housing 22 that meshes and fixes the pinion shaft 20 and the rack shaft 21. ing.

図2に示すようにピニオン軸20は、ハウジング22の有底の挿入穴30に先端側から挿入されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the pinion shaft 20 is inserted into the bottomed insertion hole 30 of the housing 22 from the tip side.

ハウジング22の挿入穴30は、底側から入口側に向けて、主に先端小径部40、小径部41、変径部42及び大径部43をこの順に有している。先端小径部40は、小径部41より径が小さく、変径部42は、小径部41から大径部43に向けて径が大きくなっている。大径部43の変径部42側の端部には、段部44が形成されている。   The insertion hole 30 of the housing 22 mainly has a tip small diameter portion 40, a small diameter portion 41, a diameter changing portion 42, and a large diameter portion 43 in this order from the bottom side toward the inlet side. The tip small-diameter portion 40 has a smaller diameter than the small-diameter portion 41, and the variable diameter portion 42 has a diameter that increases from the small-diameter portion 41 toward the large-diameter portion 43. A stepped portion 44 is formed at the end of the large diameter portion 43 on the diameter changing portion 42 side.

ピニオン軸20は、先端軸受支持部50、ピニオン歯51、台座52、軸受支持部53、カシメ溝部54及びシール部55を先端側から後端側に向けてこの順で有している。   The pinion shaft 20 has a front end bearing support portion 50, a pinion tooth 51, a pedestal 52, a bearing support portion 53, a caulking groove portion 54, and a seal portion 55 in this order from the front end side to the rear end side.

ピニオン軸20の先端軸受支持部50は、ハウジング22の先端小径部40において転がり軸受60により支持されている。ピニオン歯51は、小径部41において後述のラック軸21のラック歯90と噛み合っている。台座52は、変径部42に配置されている。台座52は、鍛造により成形されていてもよいし、素形材の加工により成形されていてもよい。軸受支持部53は、大径部43において玉軸受61により支持されている。玉軸受61の先端側(図2の下側)の面は、段部44と台座52により押さえられている。カシメ溝部54には、溝が形成され、その溝内にカシメリング62が設けられている。カシメリング62は、玉軸受61の後方側の面を押さえ、ピニオン軸20と玉軸受61をカシメ固定している。シール部55は、シール部材63によりシーリングされている。   The tip bearing support portion 50 of the pinion shaft 20 is supported by a rolling bearing 60 at the tip small diameter portion 40 of the housing 22. The pinion teeth 51 mesh with rack teeth 90 of the rack shaft 21 described later in the small diameter portion 41. The pedestal 52 is disposed in the variable diameter portion 42. The pedestal 52 may be formed by forging, or may be formed by processing a base material. The bearing support portion 53 is supported by the ball bearing 61 at the large diameter portion 43. The surface of the ball bearing 61 on the tip side (the lower side in FIG. 2) is pressed by the stepped portion 44 and the pedestal 52. A groove is formed in the caulking groove portion 54, and a caulking ring 62 is provided in the groove. The caulking ring 62 presses the surface on the rear side of the ball bearing 61 and caulks and fixes the pinion shaft 20 and the ball bearing 61. The seal portion 55 is sealed with a seal member 63.

玉軸受61は、例えば4点接触式のものであり、内輪部70、玉71及び外輪部72を有している。図3に示すように台座52の径Aは、内輪部70の外径Bより大きく形成され、外輪部72の内径より小さく形成されている。   The ball bearing 61 is, for example, a four-point contact type, and has an inner ring part 70, a ball 71, and an outer ring part 72. As shown in FIG. 3, the diameter A of the pedestal 52 is formed larger than the outer diameter B of the inner ring portion 70 and smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring portion 72.

図2に示すように大径部43の玉軸受61より後方側には、雌ネジ80が形成されている。大径部43内には、雌ネジ80と螺合し、玉軸受61の後面を押さえる円筒状のサポート部材81がはめ込まれている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a female screw 80 is formed on the rear side of the ball bearing 61 of the large diameter portion 43. A cylindrical support member 81 that is screwed into the female screw 80 and presses the rear surface of the ball bearing 61 is fitted in the large diameter portion 43.

ラック軸21は、ハウジング22内にピニオン軸20と交差する方向に挿通されている。ラック軸21は、ピニオン歯51と噛み合うラック歯90を備えている。ラック軸21は、ばね100によりピニオン軸20側に付勢された、円柱状の押さえ部材101により押さえられている。ばね100の後方側には、ばね100を押さえる押さえ部材102が設けられている。押さえ部材102は、ハウジング22に螺合可能な円筒状に形成され、押さえ部材102を回してねじ込み量を調整することにより、ばね100によるラック軸21の付勢力を調整できる。   The rack shaft 21 is inserted into the housing 22 in a direction intersecting with the pinion shaft 20. The rack shaft 21 includes rack teeth 90 that mesh with the pinion teeth 51. The rack shaft 21 is pressed by a cylindrical pressing member 101 urged toward the pinion shaft 20 by a spring 100. On the rear side of the spring 100, a pressing member 102 that presses the spring 100 is provided. The pressing member 102 is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be screwed into the housing 22, and the biasing force of the rack shaft 21 by the spring 100 can be adjusted by turning the pressing member 102 to adjust the screwing amount.

次に、以上のように構成されたステアリング装置1の作用について説明する。例えば車両の衝突時など、ピニオン軸20に軸方向の大きな外力が加わった場合には、ピニオン軸20は、玉軸受61の内輪部70と共に、ハウジング22から抜ける方向に移動しようとする。このとき、仮に、図4に示すように台座52の径が玉軸受61の内輪部70の外径以下であると、内輪部70と台座52が玉71の側面を通過して、ピニオン軸20が軸方向に大きく動きやすくなってしまう。それに対し、本実施の形態におけるピニオン軸20は、図5に示すように玉軸受61の内輪部70の外径よりも大きいため、台座52に玉71が引っ掛かる。それ故、ピニオン軸20の移動が止められて、ピニオン軸20が軸方向に大きく動いてしまうことを防止できる。   Next, the operation of the steering device 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, when a large external force in the axial direction is applied to the pinion shaft 20, such as when a vehicle collides, the pinion shaft 20 tends to move in the direction of coming out of the housing 22 together with the inner ring portion 70 of the ball bearing 61. At this time, if the diameter of the pedestal 52 is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring portion 70 of the ball bearing 61 as shown in FIG. 4, the inner ring portion 70 and the pedestal 52 pass through the side surface of the ball 71, Will be easier to move in the axial direction. On the other hand, the pinion shaft 20 in the present embodiment is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring portion 70 of the ball bearing 61 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the movement of the pinion shaft 20 is stopped and the pinion shaft 20 can be prevented from moving greatly in the axial direction.

また、ステアリング装置1の組み付けにおいて、ピニオン軸20に玉軸受61をカシメ固定する際には、例えば図6に示すように円筒状のカシメ用受け治具100にピニオン軸20をピニオン歯51側を下にした状態で載置する。このとき、ピニオン軸20には外径の大きな台座52があるので、台座52をカシメ用受け治具100の上に置き、ピニオン歯51を浮かした状態にできる。そして、上方から円筒状のカシメ用押し治具101をピニオン軸20に入れ、荷重をかけ、カシメリング62をカシメて、ピニオン軸20と玉軸受61を固定する。この結果、カシメ荷重がピニオン歯51にかからないので、ピニオン歯51が曲がることを防止できる。なお、従来は、外径の大きな台座52がないため、ピニオン軸20をカシメ用受け治具100に載置することができず、カシメ荷重が直接ピニオン歯51にかかり得るので、ピニオン歯51が曲がる恐れがある。   Further, when the ball bearing 61 is caulked and fixed to the pinion shaft 20 in the assembly of the steering device 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the pinion shaft 20 is placed on the pinion tooth 51 side on a cylindrical caulking receiving jig 100. Place in the down position. At this time, since the pinion shaft 20 has a pedestal 52 having a large outer diameter, the pedestal 52 can be placed on the caulking receiving jig 100 and the pinion teeth 51 can be lifted. Then, a cylindrical caulking pressing jig 101 is inserted into the pinion shaft 20 from above, a load is applied, the caulking ring 62 is caulked, and the pinion shaft 20 and the ball bearing 61 are fixed. As a result, since the caulking load is not applied to the pinion teeth 51, the pinion teeth 51 can be prevented from bending. Conventionally, since there is no pedestal 52 having a large outer diameter, the pinion shaft 20 cannot be placed on the caulking receiving jig 100, and the caulking load can be directly applied to the pinion teeth 51. There is a risk of bending.

以上、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施の形態について説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。   The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the idea described in the claims, and these naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood.

例えば以上の実施の形態では、ピニオン軸20の台座52が玉軸受61の先端側の面に設けられていたが、後方側の面に設けられていてもよい。また、ハウジング22、ピニオン軸20、ラック軸21等の構成は、上記実施の形態のものに限られず、他の構成のものであってもよい。   For example, in the above embodiment, the pedestal 52 of the pinion shaft 20 is provided on the surface on the tip side of the ball bearing 61, but may be provided on the surface on the rear side. Further, the configurations of the housing 22, the pinion shaft 20, the rack shaft 21 and the like are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment, and may be of other configurations.

1 ステアリング装置
20 ピニオン軸
21 ラック軸
22 ハウジング
51 ピニオン歯
52 台座
61 玉軸受
62 カシメリング
70 内輪部
71 玉
90 ラック歯
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steering device 20 Pinion shaft 21 Rack shaft 22 Housing 51 Pinion tooth 52 Base 61 Ball bearing 62 Caulking 70 Inner ring part 71 Ball 90 Rack tooth

Claims (2)

ピニオン歯を有し、ステアリングホイールの操舵力に応じて回転するピニオン軸と、
前記ピニオン軸のピニオン歯と噛み合うラック歯を有し、前記ピニオン軸の回転に応じて車輪に操舵力を伝達するラック軸と、
前記ピニオン軸を玉軸受を介して保持するハウジングと、を有し、
前記ピニオン軸には、前記玉軸受の軸方向の一の面に当接する台座が設けられ、
前記台座の径は、前記玉軸受の内輪部の外径よりも大きい、ステアリング装置。
A pinion shaft having pinion teeth and rotating according to the steering force of the steering wheel;
A rack shaft that has rack teeth meshing with the pinion teeth of the pinion shaft, and transmits a steering force to a wheel according to the rotation of the pinion shaft;
A housing for holding the pinion shaft via a ball bearing,
The pinion shaft is provided with a pedestal that comes into contact with one surface in the axial direction of the ball bearing,
A steering device in which a diameter of the pedestal is larger than an outer diameter of an inner ring portion of the ball bearing.
前記台座は、前記玉軸受と前記ピニオン歯の間に配置され、
前記玉軸受の軸方向の他の面は、前記ピニオン軸に対しカシメ部材によりカシメ固定されている、請求項1に記載のステアリング装置。
The pedestal is disposed between the ball bearing and the pinion teeth,
2. The steering device according to claim 1, wherein another surface of the ball bearing in the axial direction is caulked and fixed to the pinion shaft by a caulking member.
JP2012196609A 2012-09-06 2012-09-06 Steering device Pending JP2014052029A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012196609A JP2014052029A (en) 2012-09-06 2012-09-06 Steering device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2014052029A true JP2014052029A (en) 2014-03-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107366685A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-21 安徽德孚转向系统股份有限公司 A kind of New-type EPS main casing bearing riveting machine structure
CN108361286A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-08-03 马鞍山市麦克英孚机械科技有限公司 A kind of bearing block of installation easy to disassemble

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107366685A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-21 安徽德孚转向系统股份有限公司 A kind of New-type EPS main casing bearing riveting machine structure
CN108361286A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-08-03 马鞍山市麦克英孚机械科技有限公司 A kind of bearing block of installation easy to disassemble

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