JP2014051711A - Detergent for metals - Google Patents
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本発明は、金属用洗浄材に係り、例えばバルブや配管、精密機器、工具等の金属部品に付着したグリースや切削油、インキ等の有機物を除去する洗浄剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a metal cleaning material, for example, a cleaning agent that removes organic substances such as grease, cutting oil, and ink attached to metal parts such as valves, piping, precision equipment, and tools.
バルブや配管、精密機器、工具等の金属部品は、製品の出荷前や使用（設置）前、或いはメンテナンス時に、表面に付着したグリースや切削油、マーカーインキ等の有機物及び無機物を除去するために、有機溶媒（溶剤）を主成分とする洗浄剤を用いて洗浄されることがある。これらの用途に使用される金属用洗浄剤は、例えば、トルエンやキシレン等の炭化水素系溶剤や、ジクロロメタンやトリクロロエチレン等の塩素系溶剤、パラフィンやオレフィン等の脂肪族炭化水素を含む洗浄剤（例えば、特許文献１）、フッ素化されたハイドロフルオロエーテルを含むフッ素系洗浄剤（例えば、特許文献２）、グリコールエーテル系洗浄剤（例えば、特許文献３）等が公知となっている。 Metal parts such as valves, piping, precision equipment, tools, etc., are used to remove organic and inorganic substances such as grease, cutting oil and marker ink attached to the surface before shipment, use (installation), or maintenance. In some cases, cleaning is performed using a cleaning agent mainly composed of an organic solvent (solvent). Cleaning agents for metals used in these applications include, for example, cleaning solvents containing hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, chlorine solvents such as dichloromethane and trichloroethylene, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as paraffin and olefin (for example, Patent Document 1), fluorine-based cleaning agents containing fluorinated hydrofluoroethers (for example, Patent Document 2), glycol ether-based cleaning agents (for example, Patent Document 3), and the like are known.
金属用洗浄剤に要求される性質としては、グリース（有機物、無機物、油脂）等の溶解性及び分散性が高いこと、揮発性が高いこと（速乾性）、引火点が高いこと、毒性が低いこと、臭気が低いこと等がある。また、使用量が比較的多いため、安価であることが望まれる。しかしながら、上記に例示した公知の洗浄剤は、金属用洗浄剤に要求される性質を十分に満たしているとは言い難い。例えば、塩素系用材は、グリース等の溶解性が高いが、環境汚染や発がん性、すなわち毒性の観点から好ましくない。また、トルエン等の炭化水素系溶剤は、揮発性が高いが毒性の観点から好ましくない。 Properties required for metal cleaning agents include high solubility and dispersibility of grease (organic, inorganic, oils and fats), high volatility (quick drying), high flash point, and low toxicity And low odor. In addition, since the amount used is relatively large, it is desirable that it be inexpensive. However, it is difficult to say that the known cleaning agents exemplified above sufficiently satisfy the properties required for metal cleaning agents. For example, chlorine-based materials have high solubility such as grease, but are not preferable from the viewpoint of environmental pollution and carcinogenicity, that is, toxicity. Further, hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene are highly volatile but are not preferable from the viewpoint of toxicity.
本発明は、以上の問題を鑑みてなされたものであって、有機物に対する溶解性及び無機物に対する分散性があり、揮発性及び引火点が高く、毒性及び臭気性が低く、安価な金属用洗浄剤を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a solubility in organic substances and a dispersibility in inorganic substances, a high volatility and a flash point, a low toxicity and an odor property, and an inexpensive metal cleaning agent. It is an issue to provide.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、金属用洗浄剤であって、炭酸ジメチル（ＤＭＥ）及び炭酸ジエチル（ＤＥＣ）を含むことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a metal cleaning agent characterized by containing dimethyl carbonate (DME) and diethyl carbonate (DEC).
この構成によれば、性質が異なる炭酸ジメチルと炭酸ジエチルとを混合することによって、有機物に対する溶解性、無機物に対する分散性、揮発性、引火点、毒性及び臭気性を所望の範囲に調整することができる。炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルを含む炭酸エステルは、毒性が低く、洗浄剤としての使用に適する。また、炭酸エステルは、長鎖になるほど揮発性（速乾性）が低下するため、炭素鎖が短い炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルを使用することによって、高い揮発性を実現することができる。また、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルは比較的低コストで製造することができるため、金属用洗浄剤は安価となる。 According to this configuration, by mixing dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate having different properties, it is possible to adjust the solubility in organic matter, dispersibility in inorganic matter, volatility, flash point, toxicity, and odor to a desired range. it can. Carbonate esters containing dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate have low toxicity and are suitable for use as cleaning agents. In addition, since the carbonic acid ester has lower volatility (fast drying property) as the chain becomes longer, high volatility can be realized by using dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate having a short carbon chain. Further, since dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate can be produced at a relatively low cost, the metal cleaning agent is inexpensive.
上記の発明において、前記炭酸ジメチルの含有量が５〜３０重量％であり、前記炭酸ジエチルの含有量が７０〜９５重量％であることが好ましい。また、上記の発明において、前記炭酸ジメチルの含有量が１０〜１５重量％であり、前記炭酸ジエチルの含有量が８５〜９０重量％であることがより好ましい。 Said invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that content of the said dimethyl carbonate is 5 to 30 weight%, and content of the said diethyl carbonate is 70 to 95 weight%. Moreover, in said invention, it is more preferable that content of the said dimethyl carbonate is 10 to 15 weight%, and content of the said diethyl carbonate is 85 to 90 weight%.
この構成によれば、金属用洗浄剤は、有機物に対する溶解性、無機物に対する分散性、揮発性及び引火点が高くなる一方、毒性及び臭気性が低くなり、金属部品の洗浄に好適となる。 According to this configuration, the metal cleaning agent has high solubility in organic substances, dispersibility in inorganic substances, volatility, and flash point, while having low toxicity and odor, and is suitable for cleaning metal parts.
以上の構成によれば、有機物に対する溶解性、無機物に対する分散性、揮発性及び引火点が高くなる一方、毒性及び臭気性が低く、安価な金属用洗浄剤を提供することができる。 According to the above configuration, the solubility for organic substances, the dispersibility for inorganic substances, the volatility and the flash point are increased, while the toxicity and odor are low, and an inexpensive metal cleaning agent can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。実施形態に係る金属用洗浄剤は、いずれも炭酸エステルである炭酸ジメチルと炭酸ジエチルとを混合したものである。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The metal cleaning agent according to the embodiment is a mixture of dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate, which are carbonate esters.
炭酸ジメチルは、分子式ＣＨ３ＯＣ（＝Ｏ）ＯＣＨ３、融点２〜４℃、沸点９０．３℃、引火点１４．５℃、蒸気圧４２ｍｍＨｇ（２０℃）であり、室温（２０℃）において液体である。また、炭酸ジメチルは、アルコール、エステル、ケトンに易溶であり、水に可溶である。炭酸ジメチルは、弱いエステル臭を有する。 Dimethyl carbonate has the molecular formula CH 3 OC (═O) OCH 3 , melting point 2-4 ° C., boiling point 90.3 ° C., flash point 14.5 ° C., vapor pressure 42 mmHg (20 ° C.), and at room temperature (20 ° C.). It is liquid. Further, dimethyl carbonate is easily soluble in alcohols, esters and ketones and is soluble in water. Dimethyl carbonate has a weak ester odor.
炭酸ジエチルは、分子式Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＣ（＝Ｏ）ＯＣ２Ｈ５、融点−４３℃、沸点１２６℃、引火点３１℃、蒸気圧９ｍｍＨｇ（２０℃）であり、室温（２０℃）において液体である。また、炭酸ジエチルは、アルコール、エステル、ケトンに易溶であり、水に可溶である。炭酸ジエチルは、弱いエステル臭を有する。 Diethyl carbonate has the molecular formula C 2 H 5 OC (═O) OC 2 H 5 , melting point −43 ° C., boiling point 126 ° C., flash point 31 ° C., vapor pressure 9 mmHg (20 ° C.), and liquid at room temperature (20 ° C.). It is. In addition, diethyl carbonate is readily soluble in alcohols, esters and ketones, and is soluble in water. Diethyl carbonate has a weak ester odor.
炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルの毒性は、半数致死量ＬＤ５０がそれぞれ１２，９００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（ラット、経口）、８，５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（ラット、皮下）であり、いずれもトルエンの半数致死量ＬＤ５０（６３６ｍｇ／ｋｇ（ラット、経口））より低い。 Carbonate toxicity of dimethyl and diethyl carbonate, each median lethal dose LD 50 12,900mg / kg (rat, oral) is 8,500mg / kg (rat, subcutaneous), both median lethal dose LD 50 for toluene ( 636 mg / kg (rat, oral)).
炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルは、相溶性を有し、室温において互いに混合した溶液を形成する。金属用洗浄液は、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルの他に、微量の有機物等の不純物を含んでもよい。 Dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate are compatible and form a mixed solution at room temperature. The metal cleaning liquid may contain impurities such as trace amounts of organic substances in addition to dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate.
炭酸ジエチルは、炭酸ジメチルに比べてモリブデングリースや切削油、油性塗料等の有機物の溶解性及び無機物の分散性が高い、すなわち洗浄能力が高い。また、炭酸ジエチルは、炭酸ジメチルに比べて引火点が高く、取扱性（安全性）に優れる。一方、炭酸ジメチルは、炭酸ジエチルに比べて速乾性（揮発性）が高く、洗浄時の作業性が良い。これらの性質から、金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチルの含有量を増大させるほど、有機物の溶解性が低下し、引火点が低くなり、速乾性が向上する。また、金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジエチルの含有量を増大させるほど、有機物の溶解性及び無機物の分散性が向上し、かつ引火点が高くなり、速乾性が低下する。 Diethyl carbonate has higher solubility of organic substances such as molybdenum grease, cutting oil, and oil paint and dispersibility of inorganic substances than dimethyl carbonate, that is, higher cleaning ability. In addition, diethyl carbonate has a higher flash point than dimethyl carbonate and is excellent in handleability (safety). On the other hand, dimethyl carbonate has higher quick-drying (volatility) than diethyl carbonate and has good workability during cleaning. From these properties, as the dimethyl carbonate content of the metal cleaning agent increases, the solubility of the organic matter decreases, the flash point decreases, and the quick drying property improves. Moreover, as the detergent for metal increases the content of diethyl carbonate, the solubility of organic matter and the dispersibility of inorganic matter are improved, the flash point is increased, and the quick drying property is lowered.
金属用洗浄剤は、取扱性（安全性）の観点から引火点は２１℃以上（危険物第四類第二石油類に該当）であることが好ましいため、炭酸ジエチルの含有量が７０％以上であることが好ましい。一方、金属用洗浄剤は、速乾性の観点から炭酸ジメチルの含有量が多いほど好ましい。そのため、金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチルの含有量が５〜３０重量％であり、炭酸ジエチルの含有量が７０〜９５重量％であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチルの含有量が１０〜１５重量％であり、炭酸ジエチルの含有量が８５〜９０重量％である。金属用洗浄剤は、これらの範囲において有機物に対する高い溶解性及び無機物に対する高い分散性を実現しつつ、引火点を比較的安全な値にすると共に、高い速乾性を実現することができる。また、金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルに起因する弱いエステル臭を有する。金属用洗浄剤の毒性は、上述した炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルの毒性を割合に応じて加算したものであり、比較的低い。 The metal cleaning agent preferably has a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher (corresponding to dangerous materials, class 4, petroleum 2) from the viewpoint of handleability (safety), so the content of diethyl carbonate is 70% or more. It is preferable that On the other hand, the metal detergent is preferably as the content of dimethyl carbonate is larger from the viewpoint of quick drying. Therefore, the metal cleaning agent preferably has a dimethyl carbonate content of 5 to 30% by weight and a diethyl carbonate content of 70 to 95% by weight. More preferably, the metal detergent has a dimethyl carbonate content of 10 to 15% by weight and a diethyl carbonate content of 85 to 90% by weight. In these ranges, the metal detergent can achieve a high flash point and a relatively safe flash point while achieving high solubility in organic substances and high dispersibility in inorganic substances. Metal detergents also have a weak ester odor due to dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. The toxicity of the metal cleaning agent is a relatively low addition of the above-mentioned toxicity of dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate depending on the ratio.
以上のように構成した金属用洗浄剤は、例えばプラントのバルブや配管、精密機器、工具等の金属部品に付着したグリースや切削油、インキ等の有機物及び無機物を除去するために使用される。金属部品の洗浄は、例えば、箱形の容器に金属用洗浄剤を貯留し、金属用洗浄剤に金属部品を浸漬することによって金属部品に付着した有機物を除去し、その後乾燥より金属用洗浄剤を金属部品から除去する工程によって行ってよい。また、布等の織布に金属用洗浄剤を吸収させ、織布で金属部品を拭いて有機物及び無機物を除去してもよい。 The metal cleaning agent configured as described above is used, for example, to remove organic substances and inorganic substances such as grease, cutting oil, and ink attached to metal parts such as plant valves and piping, precision equipment, and tools. For cleaning metal parts, for example, storing the metal cleaning agent in a box-shaped container, immersing the metal parts in the metal cleaning agent to remove organic substances attached to the metal parts, and then drying the metal cleaning agent May be performed by a process of removing from the metal part. Alternatively, the metal cleaning agent may be absorbed into a woven fabric such as a cloth, and the metal parts may be wiped with the woven fabric to remove organic substances and inorganic substances.
以下に、本発明の実施例について説明する。以下の実施例では、炭酸ジメチルと炭酸ジエチルとの割合を変化させたものを実施例１〜４として調製した。各実施例に係る金属用洗浄剤は、液体である炭酸ジメチル（９９％重量以上）及び炭酸ジエチル（９９重量％以上）を、大気圧下、室温で所定の割合で混合することによって調製した。実施例１に係る金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチル５重量％、炭酸ジエチル９５重量％であり、実施例２に係る金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチル１０重量％、炭酸ジエチル９０重量％であり、実施例３に係る金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチル１５重量％、炭酸ジエチル８５重量％であり、実施例４に係る金属用洗浄剤は、炭酸ジメチル３０重量％、炭酸ジエチル７０重量％である。また、比較例１として、炭酸ジメチル４０重量％、炭酸ジエチル６０重量％の金属用洗浄剤を調製した。 Examples of the present invention will be described below. In the following Examples, what changed the ratio of dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate was prepared as Examples 1-4. The metal detergent according to each example was prepared by mixing liquid dimethyl carbonate (99% by weight or more) and diethyl carbonate (99% by weight or more) at a predetermined ratio at room temperature under atmospheric pressure. The metal detergent according to Example 1 is dimethyl carbonate 5% by weight and diethyl carbonate 95% by weight, and the metal detergent according to Example 2 is dimethyl carbonate 10% by weight and diethyl carbonate 90% by weight, The metal cleaning agent according to Example 3 is 15% by weight of dimethyl carbonate and 85% by weight of diethyl carbonate, and the metal cleaning agent according to Example 4 is 30% by weight of dimethyl carbonate and 70% by weight of diethyl carbonate. Moreover, as Comparative Example 1, a metal cleaning agent having 40% by weight of dimethyl carbonate and 60% by weight of diethyl carbonate was prepared.
以上のように調製した実施例１〜４及び比較例１について、有機物の溶解能力及び無機物の分散能力、速乾性、引火点及び臭気について試験を行った。また、実施例１〜４の特性を比較するために、比較例として、更にシンナー１（トリクロロエチレン７５重量％、トルエン２５重量％の混合液体）、キシレン、炭酸ジメチル（９９重量％以上）、炭酸ジエチル（９９重量％以上）、炭酸エチルメチル（９９重量％以上、ＭＥＣ）についても各種試験を行った。結果を表１及び表２に示す。 About Examples 1-4 and the comparative example 1 which were prepared as mentioned above, it tested about the solubility of an organic substance, the dispersibility of an inorganic substance, quick-drying property, flash point, and an odor. Further, in order to compare the characteristics of Examples 1 to 4, as a comparative example, thinner 1 (mixed liquid of 75% by weight of trichlorethylene and 25% by weight of toluene), xylene, dimethyl carbonate (99% by weight or more), diethyl carbonate Various tests were also conducted on (99 wt% or more) and ethyl methyl carbonate (99 wt% or more, MEC). The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
有機物の溶解能力試験は、モリブデングリース、切削油、塗料について行った。モリブデングリースは、二硫化モリブデン４５〜５５％（株式会社川邑研究所製、デフリックグリースMPC-6）を使用した。切削油は、潤滑油基油８０〜９０％（ＪＸ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社製、リライアカットＡＨ１０）を使用した。塗料は、油溶性青色染料であり、アクリル系樹脂、アルコール、酢酸エステルを含む（タイホーコーザイ製、アオタック５０）。有機物の溶解能力及び無機物の分散能力試験は、モリブデングリース、切削油又は塗料１ｇを実施例及び比較例に係る金属用洗浄剤５０ｇに投入し、１分間の攪拌を行った後に金属用洗浄剤を目視によって観察し、不溶の有機物と容器底部に付着（沈殿）した無機物との有無を確認した。評価は、溶け残り及び付着無し：◎（溶解能力及び分散能力高）、若干の溶け残り及び付着有り：○（溶解能力及び分散能力中）、一部溶け残り及び付着有り：△（溶解能力及び分散能力低）、溶け残り及び付着大：×（溶解能力及び分散能力無）とした。 The organic substance dissolution ability test was performed on molybdenum grease, cutting oil, and paint. As the molybdenum grease, molybdenum disulfide 45 to 55% (manufactured by Kawamata Laboratories, Inc., Deflick Grease MPC-6) was used. The cutting oil used was a lubricant base oil 80 to 90% (manufactured by JX Nippon Mining & Energy Corporation, Reliacut AH10). The paint is an oil-soluble blue dye and contains an acrylic resin, alcohol, and acetate (manufactured by Taiho Kozai Co., Ltd., Aotac 50). The organic substance dissolving ability and the inorganic dispersing ability test were conducted by adding 1 g of molybdenum grease, cutting oil or coating material to 50 g of the metal detergents according to the examples and comparative examples, stirring for 1 minute, and then adding the metal detergent. By visual observation, the presence or absence of insoluble organic matter and inorganic matter adhered (precipitated) to the bottom of the container was confirmed. Evaluation is as follows: undissolved and unattached: ◎ (high dissolution ability and dispersion ability), slightly undissolved and attached: ○ (middle dissolution ability and dispersion ability), partially undissolved and attached: △ (dissolution ability and Low dispersibility), undissolved residue and large adhesion: x (no dissolvability and dispersibility).
表１及び表２に示すように、有機物の溶解能力及び無機物の分散能力試験の結果、実施例１〜４、シンナー１、キシレン、炭酸ジエチルでは、攪拌後に有機物の溶け残り及び無機物の付着は確認されなかった。これにより、実施例１〜４に係る金属用洗浄剤は従来の洗浄剤と同様の溶解能力及び分散能力を有することが確認された。一方、炭酸ジメチル単体及び炭酸エチルメチル単体では、有機物の溶け残り及び無機物の付着が確認され、他の金属用洗浄剤に比べて有機物の溶解性及び無機物の分散性が低いことが確認された。実施例１〜４及び比較例１から、炭酸ジエチルの含有量が多いほど溶解能力及び分散能力が高く、炭酸ジエチルの含有割合が６０％となった比較例１では溶解能力及び分散能力が十分でないことが確認された。 As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, as a result of the organic substance dissolution ability and inorganic dispersion ability tests, in Examples 1 to 4, thinner 1, xylene, and diethyl carbonate, it was confirmed that the organic substance remained undissolved and the inorganic substance adhered after stirring. Was not. Thereby, it was confirmed that the metal cleaning agents according to Examples 1 to 4 have the same dissolving ability and dispersing ability as conventional cleaning agents. On the other hand, in the dimethyl carbonate simple substance and the ethyl methyl carbonate simple substance, the undissolved organic substance and the adhesion of the inorganic substance were confirmed, and it was confirmed that the solubility of the organic substance and the dispersibility of the inorganic substance were lower than other metal cleaning agents. From Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, the higher the content of diethyl carbonate, the higher the dissolving ability and the dispersing ability. In Comparative Example 1 in which the content ratio of diethyl carbonate is 60%, the dissolving ability and the dispersing ability are not sufficient. It was confirmed.
速乾性試験は、室温、湿度８０％下で、実施例及び比較例に係る金属用洗浄剤１ｍＬを金属板（鉄板）上に滴下し、その速乾性（揮発性）を目視によって確認した。評価は、完全に揮発：◎（速乾性高）、ほとんど揮発：○（速乾性中）、一部残り有り：△（速乾性低）、残り大：×（揮発しない）とした。表１及び表２に示すように、実施例１〜４はシンナー１及びキシレンと比較して遜色のない速乾性を有することが確認された。特に、炭酸ジメチルの含有量が多い実施例３、４及び比較例１では、十分な速乾性が確認された。 In the quick-drying test, 1 mL of a metal cleaning agent according to Examples and Comparative Examples was dropped on a metal plate (iron plate) at room temperature and humidity of 80%, and the quick-drying property (volatility) was visually confirmed. Evaluation was as follows: complete volatilization: （(high quick-drying), almost volatilization: ○ (medium quick-drying), some remaining: △ (low quick-drying), remaining large: x (no volatilization). As shown in Tables 1 and 2, it was confirmed that Examples 1 to 4 have quick drying properties comparable to thinner 1 and xylene. In particular, in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 1 having a high content of dimethyl carbonate, sufficient quick drying properties were confirmed.
表１及び表２に示すように、実施例１〜４は、全て危険物第四類第二石油類に該当する２１℃以上の引火点を有することが確認された。これらの値から、実施例１〜４に係る金属用洗浄剤は、比較的安全に使用することができる。一方、炭酸ジメチルの含有割合が４０％となると、引火点が２１℃未満となり（危険物第四類第一石油類に該当）、取扱性が低下することが確認された。また、実施例１〜４の臭気は、比較的弱く、作業に適している。 As shown in Tables 1 and 2, it was confirmed that Examples 1 to 4 all had a flash point of 21 ° C. or higher corresponding to the hazardous material type 4 second petroleum. From these values, the metal cleaning agents according to Examples 1 to 4 can be used relatively safely. On the other hand, when the content ratio of dimethyl carbonate was 40%, the flash point became less than 21 ° C. (corresponding to the hazardous material type 4 first petroleum), and it was confirmed that the handling property was lowered. Moreover, the odor of Examples 1-4 is comparatively weak, and is suitable for work.
以上で具体的実施形態の説明を終えるが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されることなく幅広く変形実施することができる。実施例では、炭酸ジメチル及び炭酸ジエチルの含有割合を４つの例について説明したが、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。 Although the description of the specific embodiment is finished as described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be widely modified. In the examples, the content ratios of dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate have been described for four examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
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| JP2002502450A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2002-01-22 | ハンツマン・ペトロケミカル・コーポレーシヨン | Paint and coating remover |
| JP2002503762A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2002-02-05 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | Azeotropic compositions and their use |
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| JPH07157798A (en) * | 1993-12-07 | 1995-06-20 | Ube Ind Ltd | Vapor cleaning agent and vapor cleaning method |
| JP2002502450A (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2002-01-22 | ハンツマン・ペトロケミカル・コーポレーシヨン | Paint and coating remover |
| JP2002503762A (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 2002-02-05 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | Azeotropic compositions and their use |
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| WO2017001365A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for degreasing a chemical plant |
| CN107820520A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-03-20 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | For the method for the greasy dirt for removing chemical device |
| US20180187315A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-07-05 | Shell Oil Company | Process for degreasing a chemical plant |
| CN107820520B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-07-19 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Method for removing the greasy dirt of chemical device |
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