JP2014043593A - Chaff ignition method of chaff fumigator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ignition method of raw material chaff in a fumigator when producing chaff smoked charcoal that is suitable for agriculture and horticulture of a vegetable or the like.SOLUTION: A drawing type base plate 5 that can be withdrawn and has an air suction hole is disposed at a lower part of a chaff fumigator body 1, and a drawing type smoked charcoal pan 7 is disposed at a lower part of the base plate. Fumigation is performed using the fumigator, after completion of the fumigation, the base plate is drawn, and chaff smoked charcoal of an elevated temperature in the fumigator is performed by falling-recovery. The smoked charcoal of an elevated temperature recovered in the smoked charcoal pan is bedded on an upper part of a next raw material chaff layer of the fumigator and is used as an ignition material.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for igniting raw rice husks in a combustor during the production of rice husk husk charcoal suitable for agriculture and horticulture such as vegetables.

Rice husks can be made porous by using charcoal and can form an excellent soil structure that is good for agricultural crops. It has been known for a long time that this rice husk charcoal has excellent characteristics in raising seedlings, but its production has been unexpectedly difficult and has not been used as expected. Conventionally, a tank-shaped rice husk combustor used in the past has a bottom lid that is hermetically sealed. A chimney is connected to the top lid. In the improved version, the chimney can be set at any angle so that the amount of inhaled air can be adjusted. There is an igniter at the top of the side of the soot burner, which also serves as a viewing window for checking the ignition. This ignition port is closed after confirming ignition. An air intake is provided in the lower part of the soot combustor, and the combustion air is sucked in. When the rice husk combustion is completed, the lid of the air intake is closed and carbonization is performed by extinguishing the suffocation. The inside of the soot burner is partitioned vertically by a disk with holes, the lower part of the disk is an air chamber, and the upper part of the disk is a space for rice husk. In order to make it easy to take out the charcoal product, the combustor will be installed in suspension with two support legs. When removing the charcoal, the chimney is removed, the top cover is removed, the fuel burner body is inverted, and the charcoal is removed. Moreover, the vinegar liquefied from the chimney is collected simultaneously with the manufacture of rice husk and charcoal.

Next, a conventional method for producing rice husk charcoal and a method for extinguishing fire will be described.
Remove the top cover of the combustor, and set the disc with holes and its cradle in the combustor. Put the rice husk from the top of the combustor. After charging, kerosene is sprayed on the surface of rice husk. After attaching the top lid and chimney, ignite with an igniter from the ignition port, and ignite the rice husk. Completion of soot burning is normally completed when the pinch cock of the air inlet at the bottom of the soot burner is activated and the lid of the inlet is closed.
Remove the chimney and top cover, invert the main body of the combustor and drop the charcoal to remove it. The extracted charcoal is not completely extinguished, so it is sprinkled with water and cooled to produce a product.
Patent Documents 1 to 4 are main examples of the soot burning device for rice husks filed so far.
Document 1 ignites from the upper part of the cylindrical combustion furnace and continues to ignite and burn continuously downward with air from below. When the combustion reaches the bottom, the air is shut off and then the retained heat It completes carbonization. In this case, the surroundings of the unburned material are always ignited easily because it is always fresh air, and the portion through which the combustion gas passes is high temperature, but the combustion gas has already consumed most of the oxygen, and so on. Combustion is suppressed and soot burning can be continued. Ashing starts from the bottom when combustion reaches the bottom, but at this time the inflowing air is shut off and the so-called crushed state is prevented, and ashing is prevented, and the carbonization of the lower part is completed by the heat in the furnace Can be made. Reference 2 eliminates the need to stop the combustion in the kiln and always monitor the state of soot combustion by automatically shutting off the air intake when the contents are carbonized during the manufacture of the soot charcoal of Reference 1. It is what. Reference 3 makes it possible to adjust the amount of air sucked and the amount of wood vinegar collected by adjusting the tilt angle of the chimney. Further, Document 4 is intended to obtain a pyroligneous acid efficiently by providing a supply cylinder at the center of the combustor to make the combustion uniform.

JP 58-1780 Japanese Utility Model Sho 62-170745 JP-A-3-258895 JP-A-9-78071

As the carbonization method, there are an air-blocking type heating carbonization method and an aeration combustion type (charcoal burning), but the air-blocking type is a large-scale facility, requires long-time heating and cooling, and further involves the risk of ignition. Therefore, in general, aeration combustion type carbonization, so-called charcoal burning, is carried out, but in the charcoal burning method, steam, wood vinegar, tar, etc. generated in the combustion part comes into contact with the combustion material and liquefies, that is, causes a liquefaction phenomenon. However, there is a problem that the ventilation and heating are hindered and the combustion partially proceeds too much to become ash, or conversely, an unburned portion is likely to occur. In addition, conventional charcoal burning cannot be produced continuously, and ignition work is required for each batch. In the past, ignition work was done by burning a piece of wood or paper and placing it on top of the rice husk layer, but now it is common to ignite with kerosene etc. on the top of the rice husk layer and then ignite with a lighter. There is, but ignition is difficult. Even after visually confirming the ignition, it is necessary to check the smoke coming out of the chimney and the temperature of the upper side of the side of the combustor, and this confirmation takes about 30 minutes. Even when ignited, the uppermost layer portion is not uniformly ignited over the entire surface, and the temperature of the rice husk layer rises rapidly, so that combustion tends to be uneven. For this reason, there has been a problem in that it burns in a biased manner at the center and the periphery of the kiln. In addition, there was a safety problem that generated an explosion mixture at the time of ignition, and there was a case where the face was burned when checking the ignition. The most important thing when burning a rice husk etc. in a combustor is to maintain the same temperature as possible so that there is no temperature distribution at the center and the periphery of the combustor, while maintaining the upper, middle and lower layers. And the combustion layer is moving. However, the conventional soot combustor has a problem that the uppermost layer portion cannot be uniformly heated from the time of ignition, and that a dangerous ignition operation is required for each batch. In addition, the conventional combustor needs to be suspended from two support legs for taking out the charcoal, but it is a two-person operation.
As described above, there are many problems in the production of charcoal using a conventional combustor.

The present invention is produced by stacking and igniting rice husks on the ground only for the first time, but after the second time, no ignition work is required, and soot burning is performed very well and uniform soot burning is possible. And the ignition method.
That is, the rice husk soot combustor used in the present invention has a chimney at the top, the bottom plate of the soot combustor has a number of air holes and can be removed, and has a removable charcoal tray at the bottom of the bottom plate. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a tar remover containing a baffle plate is provided between the combustor body and the chimney.
In addition, the soot combustor used in the present invention is characterized in that the hot soot collected in the soot receiving tray is placed again on the upper surface of the chaff layer in the next soot burner to ignite the chaff. On the other hand, the charcoal taken out from the combustor can be put in a resin container as it is to extinguish the suffocation.

The combustor used in the present invention will be described in more detail. The soot combustor body is basically a cylindrical shape corresponding to a 200L drum. An opening having a diameter of about 30 cm is provided in the upper part of the combustor body, and a cylindrical body containing a baffle plate is installed in the opening. The upper part of the cylindrical body is hermetically sealed, but the bottom part and the upper part of the side face are opened, and the bottom part communicates with the combustor body and the upper part of the side face communicates with the chimney. Therefore, the flue gas generated in the combustor passes through this cylindrical body, that is, the tar remover, and the tar that accompanies the flue gas is removed by the built-in baffle plate. The removed tar is the rice husk layer of the combustor Fall into.
The flue gas that passes through the tar remover is discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere, but the liquefied one is collected as vinegar.

In addition, the pull-out bottom plate at the bottom of the combustor is a metal plate with many air holes of about 5 to 10 mm. It is placed on the bottom plate mounting bracket and can be removed by sliding on the bracket. is there. There is a charcoal tray under the drawer-type bottom plate, and the charcoal falls when the bottom plate is pulled out. The bottom plate mounting bracket is placed on a plurality of blocks, supports the fuel burner in the air, and secures a space for storing the charcoal tray. The soot burning proceeds from the upper part of the rice husk to the middle part and the lower part while sucking air from the air hole of the bottom plate. Completion of soot burning is based on the fact that wood pieces such as disposable chopsticks inserted into holes formed in the lower side of the soot burner burn and fall. When the soot burning is completed, the drawer-type bottom plate is pulled out, and the lowermost hot husk layer is dropped on the charcoal tray and stored as a charcoal for ignition. The remaining rice husk charcoal is dropped from the bottom of the combustor and packaged as it is. Falling charcoal is relatively cold and can be extinguished by suffocation.

By the rice husk ignition method of the soot burner of the present invention, ignition of the soot combustor becomes unnecessary after the second time, and the burning of the rice husk is performed extremely uniformly over the entire surface. Therefore, the obtained rice husk charcoal has no unburned part or completely burned part, and an extremely excellent product can be obtained.
It also eliminates the risk of facial burns and explosions during ignition. Furthermore, the operation of taking out the charcoal by suspending the fuel burner in the air and inverting it is not necessary. There is no need to extinguish the firewood with water. The hot bottom charcoal is removed for ignition. The remaining relatively low temperature charcoal is automatically extinguished by suffocating if it is packed in a bag.

A method for producing rice husk charcoal according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Set the rice husk soot combustor as shown in FIG. Place the combustor 1 on the block 8 and insert the drawer bottom plate and the charcoal tray. The tar remover 2 is removed, and raw rice husks are charged from the upper opening of the combustor. The ignition charcoal is made by stacking and igniting rice husks on the ground only for the first time. Ignition fire charcoal is introduced through the opening at the top of the combustor, and is spread evenly on the upper part of the rice husk of the raw material so as to have a thickness of about 5 cm. By this operation, the upper layer of the rice husk starts to ignite and burn evenly. The tar remover 2 and the chimney 3 are attached to the soot combustor 1 and soot burning is started. Since the ignition material is charcoal, not kerosene or wood, the combustion is extremely uniform and good. Further, since the tar is removed from the flue gas passing through the tar remover by the built-in baffle plate 4, almost no black smoke is generated. The progress of soot burning can be confirmed by measuring the temperature on the side of the soot burner. Liquefied vinegar can be recovered from the side tube of the chimney. Whether or not burning is completed can be determined by burning and dropping the disposable chopsticks inserted into the hole on the lower side. At the stage where the soot burning is completed, the pull-out bottom plate 5 is pulled out, the hot coal at the bottom of the soot burner is dropped onto the charcoal tray 7, and the charcoal tray is immediately pulled out and stored on the ground. During this time, the charcoal in the saucer continues to burn. Pull out the charcoal tray and, at the same time, the rice husk charcoal falls from the lower part of the combustor, so pack it in a plastic bag. At this time, the rice husk charcoal is not so hot, so it can be packed as it is and extinguished by suffocation.

From the second time on, the hot charcoal collected from the charcoal tray can be used as the ignition material. By using the rice husk ignition method of the present invention as described above, the operation becomes extremely easy, and there is almost no danger because there is no ignition operation for each time. Also, the smoke is colorless and transparent with no black smoke, and the produced vinegar and rice husk charcoal are extremely uniform products.

The rice husk soot combustor used in the present invention can be widely used for the production of rice husk soot charcoal suitable for agriculture and horticulture such as vegetables. In addition, rice husk vinegar can be used as a soil disinfectant, a vegetable cultivation disinfectant, and a deodorant.

Rice husk burner assembly drawing Pull-out bottom plate Charcoal tray

1 Combustor body 2 Tar remover 3 Chimney 4 Baffle plate 5 Pull-out bottom plate 6 Bottom plate mounting bracket 7 Charcoal tray 8 Block 9 Rice husk soot chamber 10 Air hole

Claims (2)

In the rice husk combustor with a structure that ignites the upper surface of the input rice husk and advances the combustion downward, a charcoal tray is provided at the bottom of the main body, and the hot rice husk and charcoal that is still burning is collected in the coal cradle And igniting the rice husk by laying it uniformly on the upper surface of the rice husk layer as the raw material of the next rice husk combustor. In the rice husk combustor with a structure that ignites the upper surface of the input rice husk and advances the combustion downward, a charcoal tray is provided at the bottom of the main body, and the hot rice husk and charcoal that is still burning is collected in the coal cradle And igniting the rice husk by laying it uniformly on the upper surface of the rice husk layer of the raw material of the next rice husk combustor to ignite the rice husk.

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