JP2014034825A - Sheet fixing device and insulation waterproofing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that in a waterproofing method for mechanically fixing a sheet by using a sheet fixing device and the like, a sheet fixing device which secures further safeness against strong wind and also can be used in a post-fitting method is desired.SOLUTION: A sheet fixing device 10 is a sheet fixing device for fixing a waterproof sheet 4 to a substrate, and comprises: a fixing member 12 which is fixed to the substrate through the waterproof sheet while penetrating the waterproof sheet; a cushioning material 14 which is arranged between the fixing member and the waterproof sheet; and a waterproof member 18 which covers the fixing member and is fixed to the waterproof sheet.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproofing method for waterproofing a roof, a structure, or the like of a building, and relates to a sheet fixing device for fixing a part of a waterproof sheet to a base serving as a waterproof target surface, and an insulating waterproofing method using the sheet fixing device.

  As a typical waterproofing method for building roofs, structures and the like, there is an insulating waterproofing method (mechanical fixing method) in which a part of a waterproof sheet is fixed to a base by a sheet fixing device. In the insulation waterproofing method, since the waterproof sheet is partially fixed to the substrate, it is difficult to receive the behavior of the substrate such as cracks that occur in the substrate and vibrations that occur in the joints, and as a result, the waterproof sheet is unlikely to break. There is an advantage.

  In the insulation waterproofing method, after fixing the sheet fixing device to the base, after placing the waterproof sheet and fixing the back surface of the waterproof sheet to the top surface of the sheet fixing device (advancing method), after placing the waterproof sheet on the base There is a method (post-installation method) in which holes are formed in the waterproof sheet and the base, and the sheet fixing device is fixed to the base via the waterproof sheet from the waterproof sheet.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a sheet fixing structure used in a post-installation method. In the waterproof sheet fixing structure of Patent Document 1, the flange portion protruding from the end of the anchor part is brought into contact with the outer surface of the disk in order to prevent the inclination between the anchor part and the disk from fluctuating greatly. The pressing force in the base direction is stably applied to the disk.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a sheet fixing device used in a leading method. The sheet fixing device of Patent Document 2 includes a first fixing member fixed to a waterproof sheet, a second fixing member fixed to a base, and a cushioning material disposed between the first fixing member and the second fixing member. And is configured to prevent damage to the waterproof sheet by buffering the force applied to the sheet fixing device.

JP 2001-271458 A JP2012-12830A

  The sheet fixing device disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not employ a countermeasure for absorbing and radiating and reducing wind pressure generated by strong wind, that is, vertical force and horizontal force due to swelling of the waterproof sheet.

  Moreover, although the sheet fixing apparatus of patent document 2 is provided with the shock absorbing material arrange | positioned between a 1st fixing member and a 2nd fixing member, this sheet fixing apparatus is used by a prior art construction method, This sheet fixing The device cannot be used in a retrofitting method.

  In the front-end construction method, after fixing the sheet fixing device to the ground, waterproofing work such as placing a waterproof sheet is performed, so before raining, for example when rain falls suddenly during fixing work of the sheet fixing device Curing may be difficult. In particular, in the repair site, when fixing the seat fixing device, a hole for anchor fixing is made in an existing waterproof layer, so that water may leak if it rains suddenly before waterproofing. On the other hand, in the post-installation method, the sheet fixing device is fixed after the waterproof sheet is arranged on the base, so that rain curing is easy even when it rains suddenly.

  Therefore, in a waterproofing method by mechanical fixing such as a sheet fixing device, there is a demand for a sheet fixing device that can secure further safety against strong winds and can be used in a retrofitting method.

  Invention of Claim 1 is a sheet | seat fixing device which fixes a waterproof sheet to a foundation | substrate, Comprising: The fixing member which penetrates the said waterproof sheet and is fixed with respect to the said foundation | substrate through the said waterproof sheet, The said fixing member And a waterproof member disposed between the waterproof sheet and a waterproof member that covers the fixing member and is fixed to the waterproof sheet.

  A second aspect of the present invention provides the sheet fixing device according to the first aspect, wherein the cushioning material is disposed along a lower surface edge of the fixing member.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the seat fixing device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the component of the cushioning material is transferred to an adjacent member on the upper surface or the lower surface of the cushioning material, or Provided is a sheet fixing device further comprising a component migration preventing layer that prevents a component of an adjacent member from migrating to the cushioning material.

  The invention according to claim 4 is an insulating waterproofing method in which a part of the waterproof sheet is fixed to a base using the sheet fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the base Disposing the waterproof sheet; sandwiching the cushioning material; penetrating the waterproof sheet; fixing the fixing member to the base; and disposing the waterproof member so as to cover the fixing member; An insulating waterproofing method is provided, including fixing a member to the waterproof sheet.

  If the sheet fixing device of the present invention is used for the insulating waterproofing method of the roof, the fixing member is fixed to the base via the waterproof sheet, so that the cushioning material is pressed toward the waterproof sheet, and the waterproof sheet and the cushioning material Makes surface contact. Therefore, the cushioning material and the waterproof sheet are interlocked by friction, and the cushioning material can absorb the horizontal force (horizontal force) received from the waterproof sheet. Therefore, for example, it is possible to reduce the load on the hole of the waterproof sheet, which has occurred due to the waterproof sheet being pulled in the horizontal direction, and it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet from being torn by gradually expanding the hole. it can. In addition, when the waterproof sheet is pulled upward by the negative pressure of the strong wind, the waterproof sheet will be pushed up against the fixing member, but the cushioning material is disposed between the fixing member and the waterproof sheet, The sheet can be prevented from coming into direct contact with the fixing member, and for example, the waterproof sheet can be prevented from being damaged by the corners of the outer peripheral portion of the fixing member.

  In addition, the sheet fixing device of the present invention is used in a retrofitting method of the insulating waterproofing method. In the insulating waterproofing method using the sheet fixing device of the present invention, the waterproof sheet is placed by the fixing member after the waterproof sheet is disposed on the ground. For example, even if it rains suddenly, rain curing is easy.

It is a perspective view which shows the roof constructed | assembled by the insulation waterproofing method using the sheet | seat fixing device by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of a sheet fixing device. It is a figure which shows the sheet | seat fixing apparatus fixed to the foundation | substrate, FIG. 3 (a) is sectional drawing along the III-III line | wire of FIG. 1, FIG.3 (b) is a figure which shows the bottom face of a fixing member. It is a figure which shows another example of arrangement | positioning of a shock absorbing material. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of a sheet | seat fixing device. It is typical sectional drawing of the roof constructed by the insulation waterproofing construction method. It is sectional drawing which shows the example which applied the sheet | seat fixing device to asphalt waterproofing. It is sectional drawing which shows the example which applied the sheet | seat fixing device to urethane waterproofing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following embodiments, the same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals, and the scale of these drawings is appropriately changed for easy understanding. In addition, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  FIG. 6 shows a typical cross section of the roof 1 constructed by the insulation waterproofing method. In the insulation waterproofing construction method, the waterproof sheet 4 covering the entire roof surface is fixed in a spot shape by a partially arranged sheet fixing device 6, and most of the waterproof sheet 4 is not directly bonded to the base 2. Therefore, when a strong wind is generated in the horizontal direction (in the direction of the arrow W in the figure) due to a typhoon or the like, the waterproof sheet 4 is swollen by the wind pressure V, and when fixed by a conventional sheet fixing device, the sheet fixing device itself may come off, Damage such as breakage of the waterproof sheet 4 has occurred. Specifically, fluttering occurs in the waterproof sheet 4 due to wind between the sheet fixing devices, or the waterproof sheet 4 is swollen, whereby the sheet fixing device 6 is pulled up in an oblique direction. Therefore, not only the vertical forces a1 and b1 but also the horizontal forces a2 and b2 (lateral forces) are continuously applied in the horizontal direction, and the screws for fixing the sheet fixing device 6 are continued. This causes breakage due to metal fatigue and loss of screws. Further, in recent studies, it has been found that a force for lifting the waterproof sheet 4 works in a strong wind and a horizontal force that pulls the entire waterproof sheet laterally works. There was a case where the part was broken as if the part was torn. Thus, in the construction of a waterproofing method by mechanical fixing of a sheet fixing device or the like, ensuring safety against wind is an important issue.

  Further, when the waterproof sheet 4 is fixed to the base 2 by the post-installation method, the hole formed in the waterproof sheet 4 may be expanded by the anchor member 7 when the waterproof sheet 4 is pulled, and the waterproof sheet 4 may be torn. there were.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a roof 1 formed by an insulating waterproofing method using a sheet fixing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away so that the structure can be understood.

  The base 2 of the illustrated roof 1 is made of concrete, but the material of the base 2 is not limited to concrete, and may be a heat insulating layer made of a foamed material such as polystyrene or polyethylene, asphalt, wood, or the like. The base 2 may be subjected to a waterproof surface treatment with asphalt or a synthetic polymer material. Examples of the material of the waterproof sheet 4 laid on the base 2 include a vinyl chloride resin sheet, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin sheet, a polyethylene resin sheet, a polypropylene resin sheet, and a synthetic rubber sheet. In the present embodiment, a sheet made of a vinyl chloride resin having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm is used in consideration of durability and weldability with a solvent. Moreover, the waterproof sheet 4 may be a single layer body or a laminate, and in order to prevent shrinkage, for example, a shrinkage prevention material such as a glass nonwoven fabric may be laminated.

  In the insulation waterproofing method, as described above, after fixing the sheet fixing device to the base, the waterproof sheet is disposed and the back surface of the waterproof sheet is fixed to the upper surface of the sheet fixing device (advanced method), and the waterproof sheet is attached. There is a method (post-installation method) in which holes are formed in the waterproof sheet and the base after being arranged on the base, and the sheet fixing device is fixed to the base via the waterproof sheet from the waterproof sheet. The sheet fixing device 10 of the present embodiment is a sheet fixing device used in a post-installation method. As shown in the figure, a waterproof sheet 4 is disposed on the base 2 and the sheet fixing device 10 is attached from above the waterproof sheet 4. The waterproof sheet 4 is fixed to the base 2.

  FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the sheet fixing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment. 3 is a view showing a state in which the sheet fixing device 10 is fixed to the base 2 via the waterproof sheet 4, and FIG. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. b) is a view showing the bottom surface of the fixing member 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sheet fixing device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a fixing member 12 that passes through the waterproof sheet 4 and is fixed to the base 2 via the waterproof sheet 4, and a fixing member 12. The shock absorbing material 14 arrange | positioned between the waterproof sheets 4 and the patch 18 (an example of a waterproof member) which covers the fixing member 12 and is fixed to the waterproof sheet 4 are provided.

  The fixing member 12 in the illustrated embodiment includes a disk 13 and an anchor member 15. The disk 13 is a metal member coated with vinyl chloride formed in a disk shape. The anchor member 15 further includes a screw 16 and a plug 17. The fixing member 12 forms a hole for inserting the anchor member 15 in the waterproof sheet 4 and the base 2 on which the waterproof sheet 4 is disposed, and then inserts the plug 17 of the anchor member 15 through the through hole 13a of the disk 13 to provide the screw 16 Is fixed to the plug 17 by screwing. The configuration of the anchor member 15 is not limited to this, and the fixing member 12 may be fixed by a drive-in anchor instead of the anchor member 15.

  A through hole 13a for passing the screw 16 and the plug 17 is formed in the central portion of the disk 13, and the disk 13 is shaped so as to have a generally donut shape. Further, the through hole 13 a is formed in a shape corresponding to the head of the screw 16 or the plug 17 so that the head of the screw 16 does not protrude from the upper surface of the disk 13 when the fixing member 12 is fixed to the base 2. It has become. The outer diameter of the disk 13 in the illustrated embodiment is about 60 mm and the thickness is about 1.8 mm. However, the size of the main body is not limited to this, and it depends on the interval at which the fixing member 12 is arranged on the roof surface. You may change suitably. The disk 13 is formed of a galvanized steel sheet (vinyl chloride coated galvanized steel sheet) coated with vinyl chloride. The disk 13 may not be coated with vinyl chloride, and may be formed of other materials. However, when the disk 13 is a galvanized steel sheet coated with vinyl chloride, the waterproof sheet 4 made of vinyl chloride or The patch 18 can be heat-sealed or welded using a solvent.

  In the sheet fixing device 10 of the illustrated embodiment, a cushioning material 14 is provided on the lower surface of the disk 13. That is, the cushioning material 14 is disposed between the disk 13 of the fixing member 12 and the waterproof sheet 4. The cushioning material 14 of the illustrated embodiment is formed in a disk shape having substantially the same outer diameter as the disk 13, and a through hole 14 a through which the screw 16 and the plug 17 are passed is formed at the center.

  By providing the buffer material 14 between the waterproof sheet 4 and the fixing member 12, the buffer material 14 is pressed against the waterproof sheet 4 by the fixing member 12. Since the cushioning material 14 pressed against the waterproof sheet 4 is interlocked with the waterproof sheet 4 by friction, the force received from the waterproof sheet 4 is buffered or dispersed. Therefore, the hole 4a formed in the waterproof sheet 4 can be prevented from being expanded by the anchor member 15, and the waterproof sheet 4 can be prevented from being torn. Further, the waterproof sheet 4 is pulled upward by the strong wind negative pressure during strong winds, but the cushioning material 14 is interposed, and at least the cushioning material 14 is disposed along the lower surface edge of the disk 13 of the fixing member 12. In this case, since the waterproof sheet 4 and the disk 13 are not in direct contact with each other, it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet 4 from being damaged by being pressed against the corner of the outer peripheral portion of the disk 13.

  In the fixing member 12 of the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the cushioning material 14 is disposed on the entire lower surface of the disk 13, but the arrangement pattern of the cushioning material 14 is not limited to this, and the cushioning material 14 is not limited to this. The material 14 may be partially disposed on the lower surface of the disk 13. FIG. 4 shows a pattern in which the cushioning material 14 is partially arranged on the lower surface of the disk 13 of the fixing member 12.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the buffer material 14 may be annularly arranged along the lower surface edge of the disk 13. Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (b), the buffer material 14 may be formed so that the ring by the buffer material 14 may become double, and may be formed by the ring more than triple. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the buffer material 14 may be arranged so that a plurality of buffer materials 14 are scattered. Further, as shown in FIG. 4D, the cushioning material 14 may be divided into a plurality of regions so that a plurality of grooves are formed on the lower surface of the disk 13. Although it is desirable in terms of workability that the cushioning material 14 is arranged and fixed in advance on the lower surface of the disk 13 at a factory or the like, when the sheet fixing device 10 is secured to the base 2 at the work site, the cushioning material 14 is used. You may arrange | position between the disk 13 and the waterproof sheet 4. FIG. By disposing the cushioning material 14 partially, the amount of the cushioning material 14 to be used can be reduced.

  A rubber material having elasticity may be used as the material of the buffer material 14. Examples of usable rubber materials include natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), and nitrile / polyvinyl chloride blends. Examples thereof include rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber, ethylene-acrylic rubber, and various thermoplastic elastomers. Particularly considering heat resistance, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, urethane rubber, fluororubber, EPM and EPDM are desirable.

  An irregular elastic adhesive can be used as the buffer material 14. Examples of the amorphous elastic adhesive that can be used include a modified silicone adhesive, an acrylic resin adhesive, a butyl rubber adhesive, and a polyurethane adhesive. The material and shape of the buffer material 14 are not limited as long as it has moderate elasticity. For example, a metal spring such as a coil spring or a leaf spring, or balloon-like air using the elastic force of compressed air. You may be comprised with a spring.

  The patch 18 is a waterproof member molded into a disk shape with an outer diameter that can accommodate the disk 13. The patch 18 may be formed in a polygonal shape as long as the disk 13 can be accommodated. By covering the fixing member 12 and fixing the patch 18 to the waterproof sheet 4, for example, rainwater or the like can be prevented from entering the holes 4 a formed in the waterproof sheet 4, and the waterproof performance can be improved. A recess 18 a that accommodates the disk 13 and the buffer material 14 is formed in the central portion of the patch 18. Although the patch 18 of this embodiment is produced from the vinyl chloride sheet, it is not limited to this, The material of the patch 18 may be selected according to the material of the waterproof sheet 4. After fixing the disk 13 on the waterproof sheet 4 with the anchor member 15, the recess 18 a of the patch 18 is arranged so as to cover the disk 13, and the lower surface of the patch 18 is heat-sealed or bonded to the waterproof sheet 4 and the disk 13. Use to weld and fix. Waterproofness can be ensured by the patch 18 and the waterproof sheet 4 being in close contact with each other around the disk 13.

  Further, the cushioning material 14 of this embodiment is adjacent to the waterproof sheet 4 and the disk 13. Therefore, it is necessary to select a material so that the components of the cushioning material 14 do not migrate to the waterproof sheet 4 or the disk 13, or the components of the waterproof sheet 4 or disk 13 do not migrate to the cushioning material 14. Alternatively, as in the sheet fixing device 10 a shown in FIG. 5, a component transition prevention layer 19 that prevents the components (plasticizer and the like) of each member from transitioning between the cushioning material 14 and the waterproof sheet 4 is further provided. You may arrange. Further, a component migration preventing layer 19 may be disposed between the disk 13 and the buffer material 14. The component transfer preventing layer 19 is preferably formed of a thin material so as not to inhibit the elastic deformation of the buffer material 14. As the material of the component migration prevention layer 19, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane (PU) , Polyester, ABS resin (ABS), acrylic resin (PMMA), phenolic resin, fluorine-based resin, urea resin, epoxy resin and other inorganic materials such as metal foil.

  An insulating waterproofing method using the sheet fixing device 10 of this embodiment will be described. A waterproof sheet 4 is disposed on the base 2. After disposing the waterproof sheet 4, holes are formed in the waterproof sheet 4 and the base 2 from above the waterproof sheet 4. The disk 13 is arranged so that the through hole 13a of the disk 13 of the fixing member 12 and the hole formed in the base 2 are aligned with each other through the cushioning material 14, and the plug 17 is inserted into the hole of the base 2 through the through hole 13a of the disk 13. To do. Screws 16 are screwed into the plug 17 to fix the fixing member 12 to the base 2. And the patch 18 is arrange | positioned so that the fixing member 12 may be covered, a solvent is apply | coated to the back surface of the patch 18, and the patch 18 is welded to the waterproof sheet 4. FIG. At this time, the patch 18 may be heat-sealed.

  Moreover, although the sheet fixing device 10 and 10a shown to FIGS. 1-5 is a sheet fixing device at the time of applying to the waterproofing method (PVC sheet waterproofing) using the waterproofing sheet made from a vinyl chloride resin which is single layer waterproofing, The sheet fixing device 10 according to the present embodiment and the insulating waterproofing method using the same can be applied to other waterproofing methods such as asphalt waterproofing and urethane waterproofing which are multi-layer waterproofing.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the sheet fixing device 10 according to the present embodiment is applied to asphalt waterproofing. When the sheet fixing device 10 is applied to asphalt waterproofing, the fixed waterproof sheet 20 of the first layer is fastened to the base 2 by the fixing member 12, and the fixed waterproof of the first layer around the fixing member 12 is fixed to the patch 18 (waterproof member). After affixing on the sheet | seat 20, the 2nd layer fixed waterproof sheet 21 is constructed on the 1st layer fixed waterproof sheet 20, and a waterproof layer is formed. Moreover, the sheet fixing device 10 is a component that prevents the components of each member from moving between the cushioning material 14 and the first-layer standard waterproof sheet 20 as in the sheet fixing device 10a shown in FIG. A transition prevention layer 19 may be further provided. The sheet fixing device 10 may include a component migration preventing layer 19 between the disk 13 and the buffer material 14.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the sheet fixing device 10 according to the present embodiment is applied to urethane waterproofing. In the case of urethane waterproofing, the buffer sheet 22 is fastened to the base 2 with the fixing member 12, the patch 18 is pasted on the buffer sheet 22 around the fixing member 12, and then the amorphous urethane coating is waterproofed on the buffer sheet 22. A waterproof layer is formed by constructing the material 23. The sheet fixing device 10 may further include a component transfer prevention layer 19 between the cushioning material 14 and the cushioning sheet 22 as in the sheet fixing device 10a shown in FIG. Further, a component migration preventing layer 19 may be provided between the disk 13 and the buffer material 14.

  Thus, the sheet fixing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can be used not only for the PVC sheet waterproofing method that is a single layer waterproofing but also for other waterproofing methods.

  In the above, the sheet fixing device and the insulation waterproofing method according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings. In the sheet fixing device according to the present invention, a cushioning material is disposed between the fixing member and the waterproof sheet. Since the shock absorbing material can absorb not only the vertical direction received from the waterproof sheet but also the horizontal direction, it is possible to prevent the waterproof sheet from being damaged by the horizontal force generated in a strong wind.

2 Base 4 Waterproof sheet 10, 10a Sheet fixing device 12 Fixing member 13 Disc 14 Buffering material 15 Anchor member 16 Screw 17 Plug 18 Patch (waterproofing member)
19 Component transfer prevention layer 20 1st layer fixed waterproof sheet 21 2nd layer fixed waterproof sheet 22 Buffer sheet 23 Urethane coating waterproofing material

Claims (4)

A sheet fixing device for fixing a waterproof sheet to a base,
A fixing member that passes through the waterproof sheet and is fixed to the base through the waterproof sheet;
A cushioning material disposed between the fixing member and the waterproof sheet;
A waterproof member that covers the fixing member and is fixed to the waterproof sheet;
A sheet fixing device comprising:   The sheet fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cushioning material is disposed along a lower surface edge portion of the fixing member.   The component transition prevention layer which prevents that the component of the said buffering material transfers to the adjacent member, or the component of the adjacent member transfers to the said buffering material is further provided in the upper surface or lower surface of the said buffering material. Or the sheet fixing apparatus of 2. Using the sheet fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, an insulating waterproofing method for fixing a part of a waterproof sheet to a base,
Disposing the waterproof sheet on the foundation;
Sandwiching the cushioning material, penetrating the waterproof sheet and fixing the fixing member to the base;
An insulating waterproofing method comprising: disposing the waterproof member so as to cover the fixing member, and fixing the waterproof member to the waterproof sheet.

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